Overview
The Japanese word '拍手する' (hakushu suru) is a common verb that means 'to applaud' or 'to clap.' It's a compound word, combining '拍手' (hakushu), meaning 'applause' or 'clapping,' with the verb 'する' (suru), which means 'to do.' This 'noun + する' construction is very common in Japanese for creating verbs from nouns.
Breakdown of the Components:
- 拍手 (hakushu): This noun itself is a combination of two kanji:
- 拍 (haku): This kanji has several meanings, including 'beat,' 'clap,' 'rhythm,' or 'pulse.' In this context, it directly refers to the act of striking hands together.
- 手 (shu/te): This kanji means 'hand.'
Therefore, '拍手' literally translates to 'clapping hands' or 'hand beat.'
- する (suru): This is one of the most versatile and frequently used verbs in Japanese, meaning 'to do,' 'to make,' or 'to perform.' When combined with a noun, it turns that noun into a verb, indicating the action associated with the noun.
Usage and Nuances:
'拍手する' is used in much the same way as 'to applaud' or 'to clap' in English. It can be used for:
- 1Showing approval or appreciation: For example, after a performance, a speech, or a successful event.
- 例: 観客は役者の演技に拍手した。(Kankyaku wa yakusha no engi ni hakushu shita.) - The audience applauded the actor's performance.
- 1Encouragement: Sometimes people clap to encourage someone, though this is less common than showing appreciation.
- 1Specific ceremonial or ritualistic clapping: In some Japanese traditions, specific types of clapping (like kashiwade at Shinto shrines) have a different purpose than general applause, but '拍手する' would still be used to describe the physical action of clapping.
Conjugation:
Since 'する' is an irregular verb, '拍手する' follows its conjugation patterns:
- Dictionary form: 拍手する (hakushu suru) - to applaud
- Masu form (polite): 拍手します (hakushu shimasu) - applaud (polite)
- Te form: 拍手して (hakushu shite) - applauding, by applauding
- Past tense: 拍手した (hakushu shita) - applauded
- Negative: 拍手しない (hakushu shinai) - do not applaud
Common Phrases and Contexts:
- 大きな拍手 (ōkina hakushu): big applause
- 拍手喝采 (hakushu kassai): applause and cheers (a stronger form of appreciation)
- 拍手を送る (hakushu o okuru): to send applause (a slightly more formal way to say 'to applaud')
Understanding '拍手する' provides insight into a fundamental Japanese verb construction and a common expression of approval.
예시
観客は役者の演技に拍手した。
舞台芸術The audience applauded the actor's performance.
彼女はプレゼンテーションが終わると、大きな拍手で迎えられた。
ビジネスShe was met with loud applause when her presentation finished.
子供たちはリズムに合わせて手を叩いて拍手した。
日常The children clapped their hands to the rhythm.
感動的なスピーチの後、会場は拍手喝采に包まれた。
公式行事After the moving speech, the hall was filled with enthusiastic applause.
彼の勇敢な行動に、皆が拍手を送った。
日常Everyone applauded his brave actions.
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How to Use It
사용 참고사항
The verb 'hakushu suru' (拍手する) directly translates to 'to applaud' or 'to clap.' It's a compound verb formed from 'hakushu' (拍手), meaning 'clapping' or 'applause,' and 'suru' (する), meaning 'to do.' This makes its usage straightforward in most contexts where clapping is involved. For instance, 'kashu ni hakushu suru' (歌手に拍手する) means 'to applaud the singer.' When referring to the act of clapping hands, you can also use 'te o tataku' (手を叩く), which literally means 'to hit hands' or 'to clap hands,' but 'hakushu suru' specifically implies applause or a ceremonial clap. It's important to differentiate between general hand-clapping and the more formal or ritualistic 'hakushu suru.' The particle 'ni' (に) often follows the object of applause, indicating 'to whom' the applause is directed. For example, 'minna ga ensou ni hakushu shita' (皆が演奏に拍手した) means 'everyone applauded the performance.'
자주 하는 실수
One common mistake is confusing 拍手する (hakushu suru) with 拍子 (hyoushi), which refers to musical rhythm or beat. While both involve clapping, 拍手する specifically means to applaud or clap hands as an expression of approval, whereas 拍子 is about timing and rhythm. Another mistake is to simply use 手を叩く (te o tataku - to clap hands) when specifically wanting to convey applause; 拍手する is the more appropriate and formal term for applauding. Also, ensure you use 'suru' (する) at the end to make it a verb, as 拍手 (hakushu) alone is the noun 'applause' or 'clapping'.
Tips
Usage Context: Formal vs. Informal
'拍手する' (hakushu suru) is a neutral and widely applicable verb for applauding or clapping. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts without sounding out of place. For instance, you would use it when describing an audience applauding a performance at a theater, or when friends clap for a birthday person. There aren't significantly different formal or informal alternatives that are as common; instead, formality might be conveyed through surrounding sentence structure and honorifics. Consider the nuance of '〜に拍手する' (〜 ni hakushu suru), meaning 'to applaud someone/something', which is a common construction.
Common Mistakes: Overuse of 'パンパン' or 'パチパチ'
While 'パンパン' (pan pan) or 'パチパチ' (pachi pachi) are onomatopoeic words for the sound of clapping, it's generally incorrect to use them as verbs for 'to clap' in the same way '拍手する' is used. 'パンパン' can describe the sound of something bursting or clapping loudly, and 'パチパチ' often describes light, quick clapping or crackling sounds. You might hear children say 'パチパチする' (pachi pachi suru), but for adults, '拍手する' is the standard. Using 'パンパンする' or 'パチパチする' as direct replacements for '拍手する' in most contexts would sound childish or unnatural.
Refinements and Alternatives: Expressing Nuance
While '拍手する' is versatile, you can add nuance. For example, to emphasize enthusiastic applause, you might say '盛大な拍手をする' (seida na hakushu o suru - to give a grand/loud applause). To describe a round of applause, you could say '拍手が起こる' (hakushu ga okoru - applause breaks out) or '拍手を送る' (hakushu o okuru - to send applause). If you want to describe clapping specifically for rhythm or attention, rather than applause, you might use '手を叩く' (te o tataku - to clap one's hands), though this is less about cheering and more about making a sound with the hands. The choice depends on the specific action and intent you wish to convey.
어원
The word '拍手する' (hakushu suru) is composed of two main parts: '拍手' (hakushu) and 'する' (suru). 'する' is a very common Japanese verb meaning 'to do,' which turns the preceding noun into a verb, so the core of the meaning lies in '拍手'. '拍手' (hakushu) itself is a compound word derived from two kanji: '拍' (haku) and '手' (shu). 1. 拍 (haku): This kanji has several meanings, including 'clap,' 'beat,' 'rhythm,' 'measure,' or 'pulse.' Its radical is '手' (te/shu), meaning 'hand,' which gives a direct clue to its association with actions performed by hands. In the context of '拍手,' it specifically refers to the act of striking or clapping. * Historically, the character '拍' can be traced back to ancient Chinese characters. Its phonetic component often suggested the sound of striking or beating. The concept of rhythm and timing, essential to music and dance, also connects to this kanji. 2. 手 (shu): This kanji means 'hand.' Its pronunciation 'shu' is the on'yomi (Sino-Japanese reading), derived from Chinese. When used in compounds, it often retains its meaning of 'hand' or actions involving hands. * The character '手' is one of the most fundamental and ancient kanji, pictographically representing a hand. Its usage in various compounds is pervasive, indicating actions, tools, or parts of the body related to hands. Therefore, '拍手' literally translates to 'clapping hands' or 'striking hands.' The addition of 'する' (suru) transforms this noun phrase into a verb, meaning 'to do the clapping hands' or simply 'to applaud/clap.' Historical Context and Evolution: The act of clapping hands as a form of expression—whether for joy, approval, or even to ward off evil spirits in some rituals—is very ancient and universal across many cultures. In Japan, clapping has been a part of religious rituals (like *kashiwade* at Shinto shrines, though the form is slightly different) and traditional performances for centuries. While the individual kanji have deep historical roots, the specific compound '拍手' (hakushu) in the sense of applause, as commonly understood today, likely solidified its meaning and usage as a direct translation or adaptation of similar concepts from Chinese, where characters with similar meanings and structures existed. Over time, as theatrical performances, public gatherings, and Western influences (like the custom of applauding at concerts) became more prevalent, '拍手する' became the standard term for expressing approval through clapping. In summary, '拍手する' is a clear and direct compound: '拍' for the action of clapping/striking, '手' for the hands performing the action, and 'する' to make it a verb. Its etymology points to a straightforward description of the physical act that has been culturally imbued with the meaning of applause.
문화적 맥락
In Japan, clapping, or 'hakushu suru' (拍手する), is a common gesture with various cultural nuances. While it shares the universal meaning of applause at performances or events, it also holds significance in religious contexts, particularly in Shinto rituals. During worship at a shrine, two claps are traditionally offered after bowing to summon the kami (deity) and show respect. This ritualistic clapping is distinct from applause for entertainment. Furthermore, in business or formal settings, a single clap (ippon-jime or sanbon-jime, involving sets of claps) can be used to signify the successful conclusion of a meeting or agreement, fostering a sense of unity and shared accomplishment among participants. The intensity and rhythm of clapping can also convey different emotions, from enthusiastic approval to polite acknowledgement. Understanding these cultural specificities helps in interpreting the social cues associated with clapping in Japan.
암기 팁
Visualize a 'haku' (white) bird clapping its 'shu' (hands/wings) in applause. This can help you remember the pronunciation and meaning.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문The Japanese word for 'to applaud' or 'to clap' is '拍手する' (hakushu suru).
The pronunciation of '拍手する' is 'hakushu suru'. 'Hakushu' is pronounced with a short 'a' sound like in 'father', a 'ku' sound like 'koo' without the 'o', and a 'shu' sound like 'shoe'. 'Suru' is pronounced with a 'soo' sound like 'sue' and a 'roo' sound like 'rue'.
Certainly! A common example sentence is '観客は選手に拍手した' (Kankyaku wa senshu ni hakushu shita), which translates to 'The audience applauded the players.' This shows the verb in its past tense form.
The word '拍手する' is composed of two kanji followed by the verb 'する' (suru), which means 'to do'. The first kanji, '拍' (haku), generally means 'clap' or 'beat'. The second kanji, '手' (shu), means 'hand'. Together, '拍手' (hakushu) literally means 'clapping hands', and when combined with 'する', it forms the verb 'to applaud' or 'to clap'.
셀프 테스트
コンサートの最後に、観客は___。
彼の素晴らしいパフォーマンスに、皆が___。
彼女はプレゼンテーションを終え、___を浴びた。
점수: /3
Usage Context: Formal vs. Informal
'拍手する' (hakushu suru) is a neutral and widely applicable verb for applauding or clapping. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts without sounding out of place. For instance, you would use it when describing an audience applauding a performance at a theater, or when friends clap for a birthday person. There aren't significantly different formal or informal alternatives that are as common; instead, formality might be conveyed through surrounding sentence structure and honorifics. Consider the nuance of '〜に拍手する' (〜 ni hakushu suru), meaning 'to applaud someone/something', which is a common construction.
Common Mistakes: Overuse of 'パンパン' or 'パチパチ'
While 'パンパン' (pan pan) or 'パチパチ' (pachi pachi) are onomatopoeic words for the sound of clapping, it's generally incorrect to use them as verbs for 'to clap' in the same way '拍手する' is used. 'パンパン' can describe the sound of something bursting or clapping loudly, and 'パチパチ' often describes light, quick clapping or crackling sounds. You might hear children say 'パチパチする' (pachi pachi suru), but for adults, '拍手する' is the standard. Using 'パンパンする' or 'パチパチする' as direct replacements for '拍手する' in most contexts would sound childish or unnatural.
Refinements and Alternatives: Expressing Nuance
While '拍手する' is versatile, you can add nuance. For example, to emphasize enthusiastic applause, you might say '盛大な拍手をする' (seida na hakushu o suru - to give a grand/loud applause). To describe a round of applause, you could say '拍手が起こる' (hakushu ga okoru - applause breaks out) or '拍手を送る' (hakushu o okuru - to send applause). If you want to describe clapping specifically for rhythm or attention, rather than applause, you might use '手を叩く' (te o tataku - to clap one's hands), though this is less about cheering and more about making a sound with the hands. The choice depends on the specific action and intent you wish to convey.
예시
5 / 5観客は役者の演技に拍手した。
The audience applauded the actor's performance.
彼女はプレゼンテーションが終わると、大きな拍手で迎えられた。
She was met with loud applause when her presentation finished.
子供たちはリズムに合わせて手を叩いて拍手した。
The children clapped their hands to the rhythm.
感動的なスピーチの後、会場は拍手喝采に包まれた。
After the moving speech, the hall was filled with enthusiastic applause.
彼の勇敢な行動に、皆が拍手を送った。
Everyone applauded his brave actions.
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リズム
A2A strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound.
歌詞
A2The words of a song.
調子
A2Musical key or tune; also general condition or mood.
観客
A2People who watch a performance or event.
録音する
A2To record sound.
飽きる
A2To get tired of, to lose interest in.
〜は
A2Topic marker (particle).
速く
A2Quickly, fast.
音符
A2A symbol representing a musical sound and its duration.
ポップス
A2A genre of popular music that is appealing to a wide audience.
