When you want to say something is beautiful, clean, or pretty in Japanese, you use the adjective 綺麗だ (kirei da). This is an adjective that can describe a wide range of things, from a stunning view to a tidy room.
For example, if you want to say "This room is clean," you'd say, "この部屋は綺麗です (Kono heya wa kirei desu)." And if you see a beautiful flower, you could exclaim, "あの花は綺麗だね (Ano hana wa kirei da ne)!" It's a versatile word, so you'll hear it a lot in everyday conversation.
When using the word 「綺麗」(kirei) it can mean either beautiful, clean or pretty. For example, to describe a clean room, you would say 「部屋が綺麗です」(Heya ga kirei desu). However, to describe a beautiful person you would say 「綺麗な人です」(Kirei na hito desu). Notice the addition of 「な」 before 「人」. The reason for this is because 「綺麗」is a 「形容動詞」(keiyoudoushi) also known as a な-adjective (na-adjective). This means that when 「綺麗」directly modifies a noun, it needs 「な」to connect it. In other cases, when it ends a sentence, you can say 「綺麗です」 without 「な」.
When using the word "綺麗だ" (kirei da) in Japanese, it's important to understand its nuances. While often translated as "beautiful" or "pretty," it also carries the meaning of "clean" or "neat." For instance, you could say "綺麗な部屋" (kirei na heya) for a clean room, or "綺麗な花" (kirei na hana) for a beautiful flower. The choice of nuance depends heavily on the context, so always consider what you are describing. It's a versatile adjective that applies to both aesthetics and tidiness.
綺麗だ 30초 만에
- Beautiful
- Clean
- Pretty
§ Understanding 綺麗だ (kirei da)
Let's break down 綺麗だ (kirei da). It's an adjective in Japanese, and a really useful one. You'll hear it all the time. It has a couple of core meanings that are pretty straightforward once you get them.
- DEFINITION
- Beautiful; clean; pretty.
That's the basic dictionary definition. But let's dig into what that actually means in practice. In English, we have different words for 'beautiful' and 'clean', right? In Japanese, 綺麗だ covers both.
§ 綺麗だ for 'Beautiful' or 'Pretty'
This is probably the meaning you'll pick up on first. When you want to say something looks good, whether it's a person, a view, or an object, 綺麗だ is a solid choice.
- For People: You can use it to describe someone's appearance. It usually means 'pretty' for women and can sometimes mean 'handsome' or 'neat' for men, but for men, there are other more common adjectives like かっこいい (kakkoii - cool/handsome).
- For Scenery/Objects: A beautiful landscape, a pretty flower, a nice drawing – all can be 綺麗だ.
その花は本当に綺麗だね。
That flower is really beautiful, isn't it?
彼女はいつも綺麗だ。
She is always pretty.
§ 綺麗だ for 'Clean' or 'Tidy'
This is where it sometimes trips up English speakers. 綺麗だ is used just as much, if not more, to talk about cleanliness. A clean room, a tidy desk, or even a hygienic environment can all be described using 綺麗だ.
- For Places: If a room is spotless, a street is litter-free, or a restaurant is very hygienic, you can say it's 綺麗だ.
- For Objects: Your freshly washed car, a polished table, or new clothes can also be 綺麗だ.
この部屋はとても綺麗だ。
This room is very clean.
お皿を綺麗に洗った。
I washed the dishes cleanly (thoroughly).
§ When to use it
The context usually makes it clear whether you mean 'beautiful' or 'clean'. If you're talking about a person's appearance or a scenic view, it's 'beautiful'. If you're talking about a room or an object that's been tidied, it's 'clean'.
You can use 綺麗だ in both casual and polite speech. Just remember to conjugate it correctly:
- Casual: 綺麗だ (kirei da)
- Polite: 綺麗です (kirei desu)
It's a versatile word, so don't be afraid to use it. The more you hear it and use it, the more natural it will become. Pay attention to how native speakers use it in different situations, and you'll quickly get a feel for its nuances.
The Japanese adjective 綺麗だ (kirei da) means beautiful, clean, or pretty. It's a common and useful word for describing many things. Let's look at how to use it in sentences.
§ Basic Sentence Structure
綺麗だ is a な-adjective (na-adjective). This means its form changes depending on how it's used in a sentence.
- Attributive Form (modifying a noun)
- 綺麗 + な + Noun (e.g., 綺麗な花 - kirei na hana - beautiful flower)
- Predicative Form (at the end of a sentence)
- Noun + は/が + 綺麗だ (e.g., この部屋は綺麗だ - kono heya wa kirei da - This room is clean.)
§ Examples for Beauty/Prettiness
彼女はとても綺麗だ。
She is very beautiful.
あの綺麗な景色を見てください。
Please look at that beautiful scenery.
When describing someone's appearance, 綺麗だ is a common choice. You can also use it for flowers, landscapes, art, and anything else you find visually appealing.
§ Examples for Cleanliness
この部屋はいつも綺麗だね。
This room is always clean, isn't it?
手が綺麗になった。
My hands became clean.
Notice how we used 綺麗になった (kirei ni natta) in the second example. This means 'became clean'. The particle に (ni) is used before なります (narimasu - to become) with な-adjectives.
§ Formal vs. Casual
Like many Japanese words, 綺麗だ has more formal and casual forms.
- Formal: 綺麗です (kirei desu)
- Casual: 綺麗だ (kirei da) or just 綺麗 (kirei)
その服はとても綺麗です。
Those clothes are very beautiful. (Formal)
この公園は本当に綺麗だ。
This park is really clean/beautiful. (Casual)
§ Adverbial Form
To use 綺麗だ as an adverb (to describe a verb), you change it to 綺麗に (kirei ni).
部屋を綺麗にしてください。
Please clean the room. (Literally: Please make the room clean.)
彼女は字を綺麗に書く。
She writes characters beautifully/neatly.
§ Common Phrases with 綺麗だ
Here are a few more common phrases where you'll encounter 綺麗だ:
- 綺麗にする (kirei ni suru): To clean; to make beautiful.
- 綺麗になる (kirei ni naru): To become clean; to become beautiful.
部屋を綺麗にする。
To clean the room.
髪が綺麗になった。
My hair became beautiful/neat.
Mastering 綺麗だ means you can describe a wide range of things in Japanese, from a stunning sunset to a tidy desk. Pay attention to whether you need 綺麗な (attributive), 綺麗だ/です (predicative), or 綺麗に (adverbial) based on what you want to say.
Alright, let's talk about 綺麗だ (kirei da). You already know it means beautiful, clean, or pretty. But where do you actually hear and use this word in daily Japanese life? Let's dive into some common scenarios you'll encounter, from the office to school and even in the news.
§ At Work
In a professional setting, you'll most often hear 綺麗だ used in the sense of 'clean' or 'neat'. It's all about maintaining a good environment and presenting things well. You won't typically use it to describe a person's appearance in the workplace, unless it's about their neatness or tidiness.
この会議室はいつも綺麗だね。 (Kono kaigishitsu wa itsumo kirei da ne.)
- Definition
- This meeting room is always clean, isn't it?
彼のデスクはいつも綺麗だから、仕事がしやすいと思う。 (Kare no desuku wa itsumo kirei da kara, shigoto ga shi yasui to omou.)
- Definition
- His desk is always tidy, so I think it's easy to work.
§ At School
School environments also prioritize cleanliness. Teachers might use 綺麗だ to praise students for keeping things neat, or to remind them to clean up. You'll also hear it when talking about beautiful things like artwork or nature.
教室が綺麗だと勉強に集中できるね。 (Kyoushitsu ga kirei da to benkyou ni shuuchuu dekiru ne.)
- Definition
- When the classroom is clean, you can concentrate on studying, right?
桜の花がとても綺麗だった。 (Sakura no hana ga totemo kirei datta.)
- Definition
- The cherry blossoms were very beautiful.
§ In the News and Media
When you're consuming Japanese news or media, 綺麗だ pops up quite a bit. It can describe anything from stunning natural landscapes to well-designed architecture, or even a 'clean' victory in sports (though this usage is less common for 綺麗だ and more for other terms). Pay attention to the context to grasp the exact nuance.
今年の紅葉は本当に綺麗だと報じられています。 (Kotoshi no kouyou wa hontouni kirei da to houji rarete imasu.)
- Definition
- It is reported that this year's autumn leaves are truly beautiful.
新しく建設されたスタジアムは、デザインがとても綺麗だ。 (Atarashiku kensetsu sareta sutajiamu wa, dezain ga totemo kirei da.)
- Definition
- The newly built stadium has a very beautiful design.
§ General Conversations
Outside of specific environments, 綺麗だ is a highly versatile word for everyday compliments or observations. You can use it to describe almost anything aesthetically pleasing or clean.
- Describing objects: 「この皿、すごく綺麗だね。」 (Kono sara, sugoku kirei da ne.) - This plate is really pretty, isn't it?
- Describing places: 「あのカフェは内装が綺麗だ。」 (Ano kafe wa naisou ga kirei da.) - That cafe has a beautiful interior.
- Describing nature: 「今日の空は綺麗だ。」 (Kyou no sora wa kirei da.) - Today's sky is beautiful.
So, there you have it. 綺麗だ is a word you'll hear and use constantly in Japan, in many different situations. Keep practicing with these examples, and you'll get the hang of its various applications in no time.
§ Don't confuse it with 'kawaii' (cute).
Many beginners, especially those new to Japanese, often mix up 綺麗だ (kirei da) with 可愛い (kawaii), which means 'cute.' While both can be compliments, they are used in different contexts. 綺麗だ describes beauty, cleanliness, or prettiness in a more refined or mature way. 可愛い is typically used for things that are adorable, charming, or small, like babies, pets, or卡通人物 (cartoon characters).
彼女は本当に綺麗だ。
- Hint
- She is truly beautiful.
あの赤ちゃんはとても可愛い。
- Hint
- That baby is very cute.
§ Incorrectly using it as an い-adjective.
綺麗だ is a な-adjective (also known as a nominal adjective or adjectival noun). This means its conjugation and how it modifies nouns are different from い-adjectives. A common mistake is to treat it like an い-adjective and try to drop the だ or add い endings when modifying a noun. For example, you wouldn't say 綺麗い部屋 (kireii heya).
Instead, when 綺麗だ modifies a noun, the だ changes to な. When it ends a sentence in its plain form, it's 綺麗だ. When it's in its polite form, it's 綺麗です.
- Correct: 綺麗な部屋 (kirei na heya) - a clean room
- Incorrect: 綺麗い部屋 (kireii heya)
- Correct: 彼女は綺麗です (Kanojo wa kirei desu) - She is beautiful.
- Incorrect: 彼女は綺麗いです (Kanojo wa kireii desu)
綺麗な花が好きです。
- Hint
- I like beautiful flowers.
§ Overusing it or using it too casually.
While 綺麗だ is a versatile word, using it excessively or in situations where a simpler adjective might be more appropriate can sometimes sound a bit unnatural. For instance, if a room is just tidy, you might say 片付いている (katazuite iru - it's tidied up) rather than 綺麗だ. While a clean room is 綺麗, using it for every tidy space might be overkill.
Also, when complimenting someone's appearance, while 綺麗だ is perfectly fine, depending on the context and your relationship with the person, other phrases might be more suitable. For example, if you're complimenting a friend's new hairstyle, you might say 似合ってるよ (niatteru yo - it suits you) or かっこいい (kakkoii - cool/handsome) for a man, or 可愛い (kawaii) for a woman if it's a 'cute' style. 綺麗だ carries a slightly more formal or elegant nuance.
この公園はいつも綺麗だね。
- Hint
- This park is always clean, isn't it?
§ Not understanding its dual meaning: beautiful AND clean.
One of the biggest traps for learners is forgetting that 綺麗だ means both 'beautiful' and 'clean.' Depending on the context, the meaning can shift. If you're talking about a room, it most likely means 'clean.' If you're talking about a person or a landscape, it likely means 'beautiful.' Failing to recognize this dual meaning can lead to misunderstandings.
彼女の字はとても綺麗だ。
- Hint
- Her handwriting is very beautiful/neat.
このタオルは綺麗だ。
- Hint
- This towel is clean.
Let's talk about the Japanese word 綺麗だ (kirei da). It's a very useful adjective that you'll hear a lot, and it has a couple of meanings that are closely related: "beautiful," "clean," and "pretty." Knowing when to use it and how it compares to similar words is key to sounding natural in Japanese.
§ What "Kirei da" means
- Meaning 1
- Beautiful; Pretty.
When you want to say something or someone is beautiful or pretty, 綺麗だ is a go-to word. It can be used for people, scenery, objects, or anything that visually appeals to you.
彼女はとても綺麗だ。
Hint: She is very beautiful.
この花は本当に綺麗だね。
Hint: This flower is really pretty, isn't it?
- Meaning 2
- Clean; Tidy.
Another common use for 綺麗だ is to describe something as clean or tidy. This applies to rooms, clothes, hands, etc.
部屋が綺麗だ。
Hint: The room is clean.
手が綺麗だね。
Hint: Your hands are clean, aren't they?
§ Similar words and when to use them
While 綺麗だ is versatile, there are other words you might encounter that have similar meanings. Knowing the nuances will help you choose the best word for the situation.
- 美しい (utsukushii) - Beautiful
This is an い-adjective and generally implies a more profound, classical, or artistic beauty compared to 綺麗だ. It's often used for grand scenery, works of art, or a very elegant person.
富士山は美しい山だ。
Hint: Mount Fuji is a beautiful mountain.
- 可愛い (kawaii) - Cute
This い-adjective means "cute." While something cute can also be pretty, 可愛い specifically refers to cuteness, often associated with small things, animals, or children.
あの猫はとても可愛い。
Hint: That cat is very cute.
- 可愛いらしい (kawairashii) - Adorable
This is similar to 可愛い but can imply an even stronger sense of loveliness or charm, something that makes you want to protect it.
- 清潔だ (seiketsu da) - Clean; Hygienic
When you specifically want to emphasize cleanliness, especially in a hygienic or sanitary sense, 清潔だ (seiketsu da) is a more precise word than 綺麗だ.
病院は常に清潔だ。
Hint: Hospitals are always clean (hygienic).
- 整頓されている (seiton sarete iru) - Tidy; Organized
If you want to describe something as being neat and orderly, particularly a space like a room or desk, 整頓されている (seiton sarete iru) is a good choice. While a clean room is often tidy, this phrase directly addresses the organization.
彼の机はいつも整頓されている。
Hint: His desk is always tidy.
In summary, 綺麗だ is a versatile word for both "beautiful/pretty" and "clean." When discussing beauty, use 美しい for a more profound aesthetic. For cleanliness, 清潔だ is better for hygiene, and 整頓されている for tidiness. Keep practicing, and you'll naturally pick up on these differences!
How Formal Is It?
"この庭園はとても紀麗でございます。"
"あの花はとても紀麗だ。"
"うわ、この部屋、紀麗！"
"おはなし、きれいだね～、。"
"この景色、めっちゃ紀麗でしょ！"
재미있는 사실
This word is often taught as a 'na-adjective' (形容動詞 - keiyō dōshi) in Japanese, which acts somewhat like a noun and somewhat like an adjective. However, its origin is actually adjectival.
발음 가이드
- Mispronouncing the 'ei' as a long 'i' sound instead of a separate 'e' and 'i' sound.
- Incorrectly stressing the second syllable instead of the first.
난이도
Common kanji, frequently encountered.
Common kanji, relatively simple strokes.
Easy to pronounce, clear sound.
Clear pronunciation, easily distinguishable.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
「綺麗だ」is a na-adjective. Na-adjectives directly modify nouns by adding な between the adjective and the noun. For example, 綺麗な花 (kirei na hana) means 'beautiful flower'.
綺麗な景色 (kirei na keshiki) - Beautiful scenery
When a na-adjective acts as a predicate (describes the subject of a sentence), it ends with だ in plain form. For example, この部屋は綺麗だ (kono heya wa kirei da) means 'This room is clean'.
彼女は綺麗だ (kanojo wa kirei da) - She is beautiful
To make a na-adjective sentence polite, replace だ with です. For example, この部屋は綺麗です (kono heya wa kirei desu) also means 'This room is clean'.
あなたの部屋は綺麗です (anata no heya wa kirei desu) - Your room is clean.
To make a na-adjective negative, replace だ with じゃない in plain form, or with ではありません in polite form. For example, 綺麗じゃない (kirei ja nai) or 綺麗ではありません (kirei de wa arimasen) both mean 'not beautiful/clean'.
この水は綺麗じゃない (kono mizu wa kirei ja nai) - This water is not clean.
To connect a na-adjective to another adjective or verb, use で. For example, 綺麗で明るい部屋 (kirei de akarui heya) means 'a clean and bright room'.
彼女は綺麗で優しい (kanojo wa kirei de yasashii) - She is beautiful and kind.
수준별 예문
これは綺麗な花ですね。
This is a beautiful flower, isn't it?
部屋が綺麗になりました。
The room became clean.
彼女はいつも綺麗です。
She is always pretty.
綺麗な空を見ました。
I saw a beautiful sky.
この絵はとても綺麗だ。
This painting is very beautiful.
綺麗な水が好きです。
I like clean water.
あなたの日本語は綺麗です。
Your Japanese is clean/beautiful (referring to pronunciation or handwriting).
綺麗な字を書いてください。
Please write neatly (beautiful letters).
彼女はいつも綺麗ですね。
She is always beautiful, isn't she?
この部屋はとても綺麗です。
This room is very clean.
綺麗な花がたくさんあります。
There are many beautiful flowers.
あなたの日本語は綺麗です。
Your Japanese is clean/beautiful (well-spoken).
新しい車は綺麗だね。
The new car is pretty, isn't it?
綺麗な景色を見に行きましょう。
Let's go see a beautiful view.
彼の字は綺麗です。
His handwriting is neat/clean.
この公園はいつも綺麗にされています。
This park is always kept clean.
彼女はとても綺麗です。
She is very beautiful.
この部屋はいつも綺麗にしています。
I always keep this room clean.
桜の花は本当に綺麗ですね。
Cherry blossoms are truly beautiful, aren't they?
彼の字は綺麗で読みやすいです。
His handwriting is neat and easy to read.
綺麗な景色を見ながら散歩しました。
I took a walk while looking at the beautiful scenery.
もっと綺麗に掃除してください。
Please clean it more thoroughly.
あの歌手は歌もダンスも綺麗です。
That singer's singing and dancing are both beautiful.
今日の空は雲一つなくて綺麗です。
Today's sky is clear and beautiful without a single cloud.
彼女は本当に綺麗ですね。
She is truly beautiful, isn't she?
綺麗だ (kirei da) can describe both beauty and cleanliness. Here, it refers to beauty.
この部屋はいつも綺麗にしている。
This room is always kept clean.
綺麗に (kirei ni) is the adverbial form, meaning 'cleanly' or 'beautifully'.
その花はとても綺麗で、思わず写真を撮りました。
That flower was so beautiful that I couldn't help but take a picture.
綺麗で (kirei de) is the te-form of 綺麗だ, used to connect clauses.
彼は綺麗な日本語を話します。
He speaks beautiful Japanese.
Here, 綺麗 (kirei) describes the elegance and correctness of the Japanese spoken.
この公園はいつも綺麗に整備されています。
This park is always maintained beautifully (or cleanly).
整備されています (seibi sarete imasu) means 'is maintained'. 綺麗に can refer to both aesthetics and orderliness.
彼女の書く字はとても綺麗です。
Her handwriting is very neat (beautiful).
字 (ji) means 'character' or 'handwriting'. 綺麗 (kirei) here refers to neatness and aesthetic appeal.
新しいカフェは内装が綺麗で落ち着ける雰囲気でした。
The new cafe had a clean interior and a calming atmosphere.
内装 (naisō) means 'interior decoration'. 綺麗 (kirei) refers to the tidiness and pleasantness of the interior.
湖の水が綺麗なので、魚がたくさん見えました。
The lake water was clean, so I could see many fish.
湖の水 (mizuumi no mizu) means 'lake water'. 綺麗 (kirei) here clearly refers to cleanliness.
彼女が着ている着物は本当に綺麗だ。
The kimono she is wearing is truly beautiful.
この公園はいつも綺麗に清掃されている。
This park is always kept clean.
彼の部屋は整理整頓されていて、とても綺麗だった。
His room was neat and tidy, very clean.
富士山の頂上からの眺めは息をのむほど綺麗だ。
The view from the summit of Mount Fuji is breathtakingly beautiful.
彼女の歌声は透き通っていて、心に響く綺麗な声だ。
Her singing voice is clear and beautiful, resonating in the heart.
新しいカフェのインテリアはモダンで綺麗にまとめられている。
The interior of the new cafe is modern and neatly arranged.
雨上がりの空にかかる虹は、本当に綺麗だ。
The rainbow after the rain is truly beautiful.
彼女が描いた絵は、細部まで丁寧に描かれていて、とても綺麗だった。
The painting she drew was meticulously detailed and very beautiful.
この絵は本当に綺麗で、見る人を魅了します。
This painting is truly beautiful and captivates viewers.
彼女の歌声は綺麗で、聴衆の心に深く響いた。
Her singing voice was beautiful and deeply resonated with the audience's hearts.
彼は部屋を綺麗に片付け、新しい生活を始めた。
He tidied up his room cleanly and started a new life.
その庭園は手入れが行き届いていて、いつ見ても綺麗だ。
That garden is well-maintained and always looks beautiful.
夕焼けが空を綺麗に染め上げ、感動的な光景だった。
The sunset beautifully colored the sky, and it was a moving sight.
彼女はいつも身なりが綺麗で、周りから尊敬されている。
She is always neatly dressed and respected by those around her.
この川の水は驚くほど綺麗で、底まで見通せる。
This river water is surprisingly clean, and you can see through to the bottom.
彼の言葉は綺麗に整頓されており、非常に分かりやすかった。
His words were neatly organized and very easy to understand.
자주 혼동되는 단어
This refers to someone who likes things clean and tidy, or is a neat freak. It uses the 'kirei' part of 綺麗だ.
This is a verb phrase meaning 'to clean' or 'to make beautiful/neat'. It's the action form related to 綺麗だ.
This phrase means 'empty talk' or 'sugar-coated words'. It uses 綺麗 in a metaphorical sense, referring to something that sounds good but lacks substance.
문법 패턴
관용어 및 표현
"糠に釘"
Useless; a wasted effort (like driving a nail into rice bran).
糠に釘だよ。彼に何を言っても無駄だ。
neutral"猫に小判"
Giving something valuable to someone who doesn't appreciate it (like giving a coin to a cat).
彼に高級ワインをあげても猫に小判だ。
neutral"猿も木から落ちる"
Even experts make mistakes (even monkeys fall from trees).
猿も木から落ちるって言うから、気をつけないとね。
neutral"石の上にも三年"
Patience and perseverance will eventually pay off (even on a cold stone for three years).
石の上にも三年。頑張り続ければ報われる。
neutral"井の中の蛙大海を知らず"
Being narrow-minded or having a limited perspective (a frog in a well knows nothing of the great ocean).
彼は井の中の蛙大海を知らず、世界が広いことを知らない。
neutral"花より団子"
Preferring practical things over aesthetics (dumplings over flowers).
お花見より団子。私は美味しいものが食べたい。
neutral"焼け石に水"
A drop in the bucket; a futile effort (water on a hot stone).
この程度の援助は焼け石に水だ。
neutral"塵も積もれば山となる"
Many small efforts accumulate to a large result (even dust, if accumulated, becomes a mountain).
塵も積もれば山となる。毎日少しずつ勉強しよう。
neutral"十人十色"
To each their own; everyone is different (ten people, ten colors).
好みは十人十色だから、どれがいいとは言えない。
neutral"出る杭は打たれる"
The nail that sticks out gets hammered down; don't stand out too much.
日本では出る杭は打たれるから、目立ちすぎない方がいい。
neutral혼동하기 쉬운
Both 綺麗だ and 美しい can mean 'beautiful'.
綺麗だ (kirei da) often implies a visually pleasing aesthetic, and can also mean 'clean' or 'neat'. 美しい (utsukushii) is a more abstract and formal term for beauty, encompassing a deeper, often artistic or emotional sense of beauty.
彼女の歌声は美しかった。(Kanojo no utagoe wa utsukushikatta.) - Her singing voice was beautiful. (Suggests a profound beauty)
Both can describe something pleasing to look at, especially in a cute way.
綺麗だ (kirei da) implies beauty, prettiness, or cleanliness. 可愛い (kawaii) specifically means 'cute' or 'adorable'. While a cute thing can be pretty, 'kawaii' emphasizes cuteness.
子猫が可愛い。(Koneko ga kawaii.) - The kitten is cute. (Focuses on cuteness, not necessarily 'pretty' in a refined sense)
Both express admiration for something appealing.
綺麗だ (kirei da) is about visual beauty or cleanliness. 素敵だ (suteki da) is a broader term meaning 'lovely', 'nice', 'wonderful', or 'fantastic'. It can apply to things that aren't necessarily visually beautiful but are impressive or charming in another way.
素敵な一日でした。(Suteki na ichinichi deshita.) - It was a wonderful day. (Doesn't necessarily mean the day was 'beautiful' in appearance)
綺麗だ can mean 'clean', and 清潔だ also means 'clean'.
綺麗だ (kirei da) can mean 'clean' in the sense of neatness or tidiness, often with an implication of visual appeal. 清潔だ (seiketsu da) specifically emphasizes hygiene and sanitation, meaning 'clean' in a sterile or sanitary way.
この部屋は清潔だ。(Kono heya wa seiketsu da.) - This room is clean/hygienic. (Focuses on sanitation)
This is the direct opposite of 綺麗だ when 綺麗だ means 'clean'.
綺麗だ (kirei da) means 'beautiful', 'pretty', or 'clean'. 汚い (kitanai) means 'dirty' or 'messy'. They are antonyms in the 'clean' sense, but 汚い doesn't have an opposite meaning to 'beautiful'.
彼の部屋は汚い。(Kare no heya wa kitanai.) - His room is dirty/messy. (The opposite of a 'clean' room.)
문장 패턴
[Noun] は きれい です。
この へや は とても きれい です。 (Kono heya wa totemo kirei desu.) This room is very clean.
きれい な [Noun]
きれい な はな を ありがとう。 (Kirei na hana o arigatou.) Thank you for the beautiful flowers.
[Noun] が きれい です。
あの まち は やま が きれい です。 (Ano machi wa yama ga kirei desu.) That town has beautiful mountains.
[Noun] を きれい に します。
まいにち へや を きれい に します。 (Mainichi heya o kirei ni shimasu.) I clean my room every day.
きれい に [Verb]
かのじょ は きれい に おどり ます。 (Kanojo wa kirei ni odorimasu.) She dances beautifully.
[Noun] は きれい だ と おもい ます。
あなた の え は きれい だ と おもい ます。 (Anata no e wa kirei da to omoimasu.) I think your painting is beautiful.
～て いて きれい
さくら は さいて いて きれい です ね。 (Sakura wa saite ite kirei desu ne.) The cherry blossoms are blooming beautifully, aren't they?
まるで きれい な [Noun] の よう だ。
この けしき は まるで きれい な え の よう だ。 (Kono keshiki wa marude kirei na e no you da.) This scenery is just like a beautiful painting.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
사용법
When 綺麗だ (kirei da) is used before a noun, the だ (da) changes to な (na). For example, 綺麗な花 (kirei na hana) means 'a beautiful flower'. When used at the end of a sentence to describe a noun, it remains 綺麗だ. For example, その花は綺麗だ (Sono hana wa kirei da) means 'That flower is beautiful'.
A common mistake is forgetting to change だ (da) to な (na) when 綺麗 (kirei) directly modifies a noun. For instance, saying 綺麗だ花 (kirei da hana) is incorrect. It should always be 綺麗な花 (kirei na hana). Another mistake is using it like an い-adjective, when it functions grammatically like a な-adjective.
팁
Basic Meaning of Kirei
「綺麗だ」 (kirei da) can mean both beautiful and clean. Think of it as describing something visually pleasing or free from dirt.
Using Kirei for Appearance
Use 「綺麗だ」 to describe people, objects, or scenery as beautiful or pretty. For example, 「彼女は綺麗だ。」 (Kanojo wa kirei da.) means "She is beautiful."
Using Kirei for Cleanliness
You can also use 「綺麗だ」 to say something is clean. For instance, 「部屋が綺麗だ。」 (Heya ga kirei da.) means "The room is clean."
Understanding "da" as a copula
「だ」 (da) at the end of 「綺麗だ」 is a plain form of the copula "to be". It acts like "is" or "are". When used in a polite sentence, it becomes 「です」 (desu), so 「綺麗です」 (kirei desu).
Kirei as a na-adjective
「綺麗だ」 is a na-adjective. This means when it modifies a noun, you need to add 「な」 (na) between the adjective and the noun. For example, 「綺麗な花」 (kirei na hana) means "a beautiful flower".
Negative Form of Kirei
To say something is not beautiful or not clean, you change 「だ」 to 「じゃない」 (janai). So, 「綺麗じゃない」 (kirei janai) means "not beautiful/clean".
Past Tense of Kirei
For the past tense, change 「だ」 to 「だった」 (datta). So, 「綺麗だった」 (kirei datta) means "was beautiful/clean".
Don't confuse with 'utsukushii'
While 「綺麗だ」 can mean beautiful, 「美しい」 (utsukushii) is another common word for beautiful, especially for things with artistic or profound beauty. 「綺麗だ」 is often more casual or general.
Cleanliness in Japan
Japanese culture places a high value on cleanliness. You'll often hear 「綺麗だ」 used to praise clean environments.
암기하기
기억법
Think of 'kirei' sounding a bit like 'key-ray'. Imagine a key that is shiny and *clean*, reflecting beautiful light.
시각적 연상
Picture a sparkling, very *clean* room with *beautiful* flowers in it. The whole scene is *pretty*.
Word Web
챌린지
Describe three things around you using 'kirei da' appropriately. For example, 'この机は綺麗だ' (This desk is clean).
어원
From Middle Chinese 奇麗 (kjie-lie) 'beautiful, magnificent'. The Japanese pronunciation changed over time to kirei.
원래 의미: Beautiful, magnificent. The meaning of 'clean' developed later in Japanese.
Sino-Japanese (kango)문화적 맥락
綺麗 (kirei) is a versatile word in Japanese, often used to describe aesthetics like a beautiful garden or a pretty person. It also frequently describes cleanliness, which is a highly valued trait in Japanese culture, evident in pristine public spaces and homes. The dual meaning highlights a cultural connection between beauty and purity.
셀프 테스트 132 질문
この部屋はとても＿＿＿です。
The sentence means 'This room is very clean/beautiful.' 'きれい' (kirei) fits here.
あの花は本当に＿＿＿ですね。
The sentence means 'That flower is really beautiful, isn't it?' 'きれい' (kirei) is the correct choice.
あなたの日本語は＿＿＿です。
The sentence means 'Your Japanese is beautiful/fluent.' 'きれい' (kirei) can describe something well-done or beautiful.
新しい服はとても＿＿＿です。
The sentence means 'The new clothes are very clean/pretty.' 'きれい' (kirei) is suitable here.
この公園はいつも＿＿＿です。
The sentence means 'This park is always clean.' 'きれい' (kirei) fits best to describe cleanliness.
彼女の絵はとても＿＿＿です。
The sentence means 'Her painting is very beautiful.' 'きれい' (kirei) describes something aesthetically pleasing.
Choose the most appropriate meaning for「きれい」in this sentence: 「この部屋はとてもきれいです。」
「きれい」can mean beautiful or clean. In this context, it describes the state of the room positively.
Which sentence uses「きれい」to mean 'clean'?
When describing water,「きれい」usually refers to its cleanliness.
Select the correct way to say 'This car is clean' in Japanese.
「きれい」is used to describe something as clean. 「汚い」(kitanai) means dirty.
「きれい」can be used to describe both something beautiful and something clean.
「きれい」is a versatile adjective that can mean both beautiful and clean, depending on the context.
If someone says 「きれいな人ですね」, they are saying the person is dirty.
「きれいな人」means a beautiful or pretty person. It does not mean dirty.
The word 「きたない」is the opposite of 「きれい」when talking about cleanliness.
「きたない」(kitanai) means dirty, which is the direct opposite of clean (きれい).
You are describing a new park you visited. Write a simple sentence using "綺麗だ" (kirei da) to describe the park's appearance. Keep it short and easy.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
公園はとても綺麗です。
Imagine your room is very tidy. Write a simple sentence using "綺麗だ" (kirei da) to say your room is clean.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の部屋は綺麗です。
You see a beautiful flower. Write a simple sentence using "綺麗だ" (kirei da) to describe the flower.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
この花は綺麗です。
この文で「綺麗です」は何を説明していますか？
Read this passage:
これは私の新しいペンです。とても綺麗です。色もいいです。
この文で「綺麗です」は何を説明していますか？
「綺麗です」は直前の「ペン」を説明しています。
「綺麗です」は直前の「ペン」を説明しています。
公園が「綺麗です」と言われている理由は何ですか？
Read this passage:
あそこは公園です。いつも綺麗です。たくさんの花があります。
公園が「綺麗です」と言われている理由は何ですか？
「たくさんの花があります」という情報が公園が綺麗であることの理由を示しています。
「たくさんの花があります」という情報が公園が綺麗であることの理由を示しています。
山田さんの家はどんな様子ですか？
Read this passage:
山田さんの家はとても綺麗です。いつも整理されています。
山田さんの家はどんな様子ですか？
「綺麗です」と「いつも整理されています」から、家が片付いていることがわかります。
「綺麗です」と「いつも整理されています」から、家が片付いていることがわかります。
Which of these objects can be described as 綺麗だ?
綺麗だ means beautiful, clean, or pretty. A new car fits this description best among the choices.
If someone says 'あの花はとても綺麗だ', what are they saying about the flower?
とても (totemo) means 'very', and 綺麗だ (kirei da) means beautiful, clean, or pretty. So, 'とても綺麗だ' means 'very beautiful'.
Which sentence uses 綺麗だ correctly?
綺麗だ can be used for beauty (花が綺麗だ - The flower is beautiful), cleanliness (部屋が綺麗だ - The room is clean), and even for things being new or well-maintained (新しい車が綺麗だ - The new car is beautiful/pristine). It can also describe a 'clean' or 'pure' idea.
You can use 綺麗だ to describe a clean room.
Yes, 綺麗だ means 'clean' as well as 'beautiful' or 'pretty'. So, a clean room can be described as 綺麗だ.
The word 綺麗だ can only be used for people or flowers.
No, 綺麗だ can be used for many things, including objects, places, and even abstract concepts, in addition to people and flowers. For example, a clean room (綺麗な部屋) or a beautiful view (綺麗な景色).
If a park is 綺麗だ, it means it is a messy park.
If a park is 綺麗だ (kirei da), it means it is clean or beautiful, not messy. The opposite of messy would be clean.
This room is clean.
She was very beautiful.
That flower is truly pretty.
Read this aloud:
この公園は綺麗ですね。
Focus: 綺麗 (kirei)
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Read this aloud:
あなたの日本語は綺麗です。
Focus: 日本語 (nihongo)
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Read this aloud:
富士山は綺麗だ。
Focus: 富士山 (Fujisan)
당신의 답변:
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Describe something beautiful or clean using "綺麗だ".
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
この部屋はとても綺麗です。 (Kono heya wa totemo kirei desu. This room is very clean.)
Write a short sentence about a 'pretty' flower using 綺麗だ.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
あの花は本当に綺麗ですね。(Ano hana wa hontou ni kirei desu ne. That flower is really pretty, isn't it?)
Imagine you cleaned your room. How would you say it is clean using 綺麗だ?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の部屋は綺麗になりました。(Watashi no heya wa kirei ni narimashita. My room became clean.)
What does B imply about the park?
Read this passage:
A: この公園はいつも綺麗ですね。 B: はい、毎日掃除していますから。 (A: Kono kouen wa itsumo kirei desu ne. B: Hai, mainichi souji shiteimasu kara.)
What does B imply about the park?
B says '毎日掃除していますから' which means 'because we clean it every day.'
B says '毎日掃除していますから' which means 'because we clean it every day.'
What is the main point of the sentence?
Read this passage:
彼女のドレスはとても綺麗でした。みんなが注目していました。(Kanojo no doresu wa totemo kirei deshita. Minna ga chumoku shiteimashita.)
What is the main point of the sentence?
'綺麗でした' means 'was beautiful/pretty', and 'みんなが注目していました' means 'everyone was paying attention.'
'綺麗でした' means 'was beautiful/pretty', and 'みんなが注目していました' means 'everyone was paying attention.'
What kind of ocean does the speaker like?
Read this passage:
私は綺麗な海が好きです。沖縄の海は特に綺麗です。(Watashi wa kirei na umi ga suki desu. Okinawa no umi wa tokuni kirei desu.)
What kind of ocean does the speaker like?
'綺麗な海が好きです' translates to 'I like beautiful oceans.'
'綺麗な海が好きです' translates to 'I like beautiful oceans.'
この花は本当に___。
The sentence means 'This flower is truly beautiful.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) means beautiful, clean, or pretty.
私の部屋はいつも___保たれています。
The sentence means 'My room is always kept clean.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) can also mean clean.
彼女はとても___服を着ていた。
The sentence means 'She was wearing very pretty clothes.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) can mean pretty.
彼の描いた絵は本当に___。
The sentence means 'The painting he drew is truly beautiful.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) fits the context of appreciating art.
朝の公園は空気が___。
The sentence means 'The air in the park in the morning is clean.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) can refer to clean air.
この街は夜景が___ことで有名だ。
The sentence means 'This city is famous for its beautiful night view.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) is often used to describe beautiful scenery.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女の部屋はいつも本当に___。
The sentence means 'Her room is always very ___.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) means beautiful or clean, which fits the context of a room being tidy. '汚い' (kitanai) means dirty, '小さい' (chiisai) means small, and '古い' (furui) means old.
Which of the following sentences best uses '綺麗だ' to describe scenery?
'綺麗だ' can describe scenery as beautiful. While it can be used for objects like books, cars, or food, 'この山はとても綺麗だ。' (Kono yama wa totemo kirei da.) - 'This mountain is very beautiful.' is a very common and natural usage.
If someone says '彼の服はいつも綺麗だ', what are they most likely describing?
'彼の服はいつも綺麗だ' (Kare no fuku wa itsumo kirei da.) means 'His clothes are always clean/neat.' While new or expensive clothes can be clean, the primary meaning conveyed here is cleanliness and tidiness.
The phrase '綺麗な花' (kirei na hana) means 'a beautiful flower'.
'綺麗だ' is an adjective, and when used before a noun, it takes the 'な' form, so '綺麗な花' correctly translates to 'a beautiful flower'.
You can use '綺麗だ' to describe a room that is messy but well-decorated.
While '綺麗だ' can mean 'beautiful', it also strongly conveys 'clean' or 'neat'. A messy room, even if well-decorated, would not typically be described as '綺麗だ' in Japanese.
It is natural to say 'あの歌手の声は綺麗だ' to describe a singer with a clear and pleasant voice.
Yes, '綺麗だ' can be used to describe a clear, beautiful, or pleasant sound, including a voice. So, 'あの歌手の声は綺麗だ' (Ano kashu no koe wa kirei da.) is a natural way to say 'That singer's voice is beautiful/clear'.
Listen to the sentence and understand the context of '綺麗'.
Pay attention to how '綺麗' is used to describe a room.
Listen for '綺麗' describing a scenic view.
Read this aloud:
この花はとても綺麗ですね。
Focus: き・れい
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
彼の新しい車はとても綺麗です。
Focus: あたらしい・くるま
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
この湖の水は綺麗で、魚がたくさんいます。
Focus: みず・さかな
당신의 답변:
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Describe a beautiful place you've visited using 綺麗だ. Write at least two sentences.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日、京都のお寺に行きました。そこは本当に綺麗で、特に庭園の風景が心に残っています。
Imagine you're cleaning your room. Write two sentences about how clean it is now, using 綺麗だ.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
部屋を掃除しました。今はとても綺麗になって、気持ちがいいです。
You received a present. Describe the packaging as pretty using 綺麗だ. Write one sentence.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
もらったプレゼントの包装がとても綺麗でした。
友達が新しいアパートを気に入っている理由は何ですか？
Read this passage:
友達が新しいアパートに引っ越しました。そのアパートはとても広くて、部屋も明るく、そして景色が綺麗なので、友達はとても気に入っています。
友達が新しいアパートを気に入っている理由は何ですか？
友達はアパートが広くて、部屋が明るく、景色が綺麗なので気に入っていると書いてあります。
友達はアパートが広くて、部屋が明るく、景色が綺麗なので気に入っていると書いてあります。
京都で多くの観光客が訪れる時期は何ですか？
Read this passage:
京都にはたくさんの古いお寺や庭園があります。特に春には桜が咲き、秋には紅葉が綺麗で、多くの観光客が訪れます。
京都で多くの観光客が訪れる時期は何ですか？
文章に「特に春には桜が咲き、秋には紅葉が綺麗で、多くの観光客が訪れます」とあります。
文章に「特に春には桜が咲き、秋には紅葉が綺麗で、多くの観光客が訪れます」とあります。
この公園がいつも綺麗な理由は何ですか？
Read this passage:
この公園は毎日清掃されているので、いつもとても綺麗です。子供たちが安全に遊べる場所としても人気があります。
この公園がいつも綺麗な理由は何ですか？
文章に「この公園は毎日清掃されているので、いつもとても綺麗です」と書かれています。
文章に「この公園は毎日清掃されているので、いつもとても綺麗です」と書かれています。
This sentence means 'The room is always kept clean.' '部屋は' (heya wa) means 'the room', 'いつも' (itsumo) means 'always', '綺麗に' (kirei ni) is the adverbial form of '綺麗だ' (kirei da) meaning 'cleanly/beautifully', and '保たれている' (tamotarete iru) means 'is kept'.
This sentence means 'She always wears beautiful clothes.' '彼女は' (kanojo wa) means 'she', 'いつも' (itsumo) means 'always', '綺麗な' (kirei na) is the adjectival form of '綺麗だ' (kirei da) modifying '服' (fuku, clothes), and '着ている' (kite iru) means 'is wearing'.
This sentence means 'This lake is very beautiful.' 'この' (kono) means 'this', '湖は' (mizuumi wa) means 'the lake', 'とても' (totemo) means 'very', and '綺麗だ' (kirei da) means 'beautiful'.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女はいつも部屋を___にしています。
The sentence means 'She always keeps her room clean.' '綺麗' (kirei) means clean or beautiful, which fits the context of keeping a room tidy. '汚い' (kitanai) means dirty, '大きい' (ookii) means big, and '古い' (furui) means old.
Which of the following sentences uses '綺麗だ' correctly to describe someone's appearance?
'綺麗だ' (kirei da) can be used to describe a person's beauty. The other options use '綺麗だ' in contexts where it would typically mean clean or neat rather than beautiful in reference to a person's appearance.
Which sentence implies a clean or tidy state?
When describing a place like a park, '綺麗だ' (kirei da) most commonly refers to its cleanliness or tidiness. The other options use '綺麗だ' in a more abstract or metaphorical sense to describe artistic quality or purity.
「この絵はとても綺麗だ」 means 'This painting is very dirty.'
「この絵はとても綺麗だ」 (Kono e wa totemo kirei da) means 'This painting is very beautiful.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) means beautiful, clean, or pretty, not dirty.
「彼の部屋はいつも綺麗だ」 implies that his room is messy.
「彼の部屋はいつも綺麗だ」 (Kare no heya wa itsumo kirei da) means 'His room is always clean/tidy.' '綺麗だ' (kirei da) in this context refers to cleanliness and order, not messiness.
You can use 「綺麗だ」 to describe a beautiful view.
「綺麗だ」 (kirei da) can certainly be used to describe a beautiful view, scenery, or landscape.
The speaker is commenting on the cleanliness of a room.
Someone is praising a woman's singing voice.
The speaker was captivated by a beautiful painting.
Read this aloud:
この公園は桜が咲くと本当に綺麗だ。
Focus: 綺麗だ (kirei da)
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
彼女の書く字はいつも綺麗ですね。
Focus: 書く字 (kaku ji)
당신의 답변:
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Read this aloud:
この湖は水が澄んでいて綺麗です。
Focus: 澄んでいて (sunde ite)
당신의 답변:
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Imagine you are describing your ideal Japanese garden. Use '綺麗だ' to describe at least two aspects of it. What elements would make it beautiful or clean?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の理想の日本庭園は、とても綺麗です。特に、手入れされた白い砂利が綺麗で、心が落ち着きます。池の水も透き通っていて、その透明感が美しいです。
You've just visited a traditional Japanese inn (ryokan). Write a short review, using '綺麗だ' to comment on the cleanliness or beauty of the rooms or facilities.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日、温泉旅館に泊まりました。部屋はとても綺麗で、どこも清潔に保たれていました。特に、窓から見える庭の景色が美しく、感動しました。
Describe a piece of Japanese art or a craft you admire. How would you use '綺麗だ' to express its beauty or perfection?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私が特に気に入っているのは、日本の漆器です。その光沢はとても綺麗で、職人の技術の高さがうかがえます。細部まで丁寧に作られていて、まさに芸術品です。
このカフェが多くの人に人気がある理由は何ですか？
Read this passage:
東京のあるカフェは、その美しい内装で有名です。白い壁と木製の家具が調和し、店内はいつも綺麗に保たれています。窓からは四季折々の景色が楽しめ、特に春の桜の時期は格別です。多くの人がこのカフェの落ち着いた雰囲気と、美しい空間に癒しを求めて訪れます。
このカフェが多くの人に人気がある理由は何ですか？
本文に「美しい内装で有名です」「店内はいつも綺麗に保たれています」と書かれているため、これが人気の理由です。
本文に「美しい内装で有名です」「店内はいつも綺麗に保たれています」と書かれているため、これが人気の理由です。
祇園祭の何が観光客を魅了すると述べられていますか？
Read this passage:
京都の祇園祭は、毎年7月に行われる日本を代表するお祭りです。この祭りの特徴の一つは、山鉾巡行で見られる華やかな装飾品です。これらは代々受け継がれてきたもので、その美しさには目を見張るものがあります。特に夜には提灯が灯され、幻想的な雰囲気が街全体を包み込みます。多くの観光客がその綺麗さに魅了されます。
祇園祭の何が観光客を魅了すると述べられていますか？
本文に「華やかな装飾品です。その美しさには目を見張るものがあります」「その綺麗さに魅了されます」と書かれているため、これが正解です。
本文に「華やかな装飾品です。その美しさには目を見張るものがあります」「その綺麗さに魅了されます」と書かれているため、これが正解です。
日本の伝統的な家屋において、障子や襖が持つ「綺麗さ」の側面について、本文でどのように説明されていますか？
Read this passage:
日本の伝統的な家屋では、障子や襖が部屋の仕切りとして使われます。これらの素材は光を柔らかく通し、室内に独特の明るさをもたらします。また、定期的な手入れが行われることで、常に清潔な状態が保たれます。そのシンプルながらも機能的なデザインは、日本の美意識を象徴しています。住む人は、この空間の綺麗さを大切にしています。
日本の伝統的な家屋において、障子や襖が持つ「綺麗さ」の側面について、本文でどのように説明されていますか？
本文に「光を柔らかく通し、室内に独特の明るさをもたらします」「常に清潔な状態が保たれます」と書かれており、これらが障子や襖の「綺麗さ」の側面として述べられています。
本文に「光を柔らかく通し、室内に独特の明るさをもたらします」「常に清潔な状態が保たれます」と書かれており、これらが障子や襖の「綺麗さ」の側面として述べられています。
彼女の歌声はまるで天使のようで、本当に___。
文脈から、歌声が天使のようであることから「美しい」という意味の「綺麗だ」が適切です。
この部屋はいつもきちんと整理されていて、とても___。
部屋がきちんと整理されていることから、「清潔である」という意味の「綺麗だ」が自然です。
彼女の描いた絵は色彩豊かで、見る人の心を捉える___作品だ。
色彩豊かで心を捉える絵であることから、「美しい」という意味の「綺麗だ」が適切です。
この街の夜景は宝石を散りばめたように___、息をのむほどだ。
夜景が宝石のようであり、息をのむほどであることから、「美しい」という意味の「綺麗だ」が適切です。
新しいオフィスは広々としていて、デスク周りも___に保たれている。
デスク周りが整理されていることから、「清潔である」という意味で「綺麗だ」が適切です。
彼女の文章は比喩表現が豊かで、読み終わった後に___な余韻が残る。
比喩表現が豊かで、良い余韻が残る文章であることから、「美しい」という意味の「綺麗だ」が適切です。
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女はいつも___服装で、周りの人を魅了します。
「綺麗だ」は「美しい」や「清潔な」という意味で、ここでは「美しい」服装という文脈が適切です。他の選択肢は文意に合いません。
次の文の中で、「綺麗だ」が最も適切に使われているものを選びなさい。
「綺麗だ」は「清潔である」という意味で使われることが多く、部屋の状態を表すのに適しています。他の選択肢は文脈によっては不自然です。
Choose the sentence where '綺麗だ' is used to describe an aesthetically pleasing quality.
「綺麗だ」は「美しい」という意味合いで、花のような自然の美しさを表現するのに適しています。他の選択肢は「清潔である」という意味合いが強いです。
「彼の字は綺麗だ。」は、彼の書いた文字が読みやすく整っていることを意味する。
「綺麗だ」は、文字の形が整っていて読みやすい状態を表す際にも使われます。
「この服は綺麗だ。」と言った場合、それは必ずしも新しい服であることを意味する。
「綺麗だ」は「清潔である」という意味合いが強く、新しいかどうかは関係ありません。例えば、古い服でも手入れが行き届いていれば「綺麗だ」と言えます。
「綺麗な水」という表現は、水が汚れていない状態を指す。
「綺麗だ」は「清潔である」という意味合いが強く、水が不純物を含まず澄んでいる状態を指します。
Imagine you are describing a meticulously organized Japanese garden you visited. Write a short paragraph in Japanese using '綺麗だ' to describe its cleanliness and beauty. Focus on how everything is perfectly placed and spotless.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日訪れた日本庭園は、本当に綺麗でした。石一つ、植物一つに至るまで、細部にわたって手入れが行き届いており、その清潔さには感動しました。全てのものが完璧に配置され、心が洗われるような美しい光景でした。
You are writing a review for a high-end Japanese hotel. Describe your room, specifically focusing on how '綺麗だ' applies to its pristine condition and elegant design. Mention specific details.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
このホテルの部屋は、まさに「綺麗だ」という言葉がぴったりでした。隅々まで清掃が行き届いており、まるで新築のようでした。和モダンな内装は洗練されていて、全ての調度品が丁寧に整頓されていました。滞在中、常に快適で、その清潔感と美しいデザインに癒されました。
Describe a beautiful piece of Japanese art or traditional craftwork, such as a kimono or a lacquerware item. Use '綺麗だ' to express its aesthetic appeal and the craftsmanship involved. Highlight what makes it particularly '綺麗'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日、美術館で見た古い着物は本当に綺麗でした。鮮やかな色彩と繊細な刺繍が施されており、その芸術性に深く感銘を受けました。一つ一つの模様が丁寧に織り込まれていて、職人の高度な技術と美意識が凝縮されているのがよくわかりました。まさに、日本の美意識を象徴するような作品でした。
この文章で「綺麗だ」という言葉は、何に対して使われていますか。
Read this passage:
今日の東京の天気は快晴で、空はどこまでも澄み渡り、富士山がはっきりと見えました。特に早朝の富士山は、空の色と相まって、息をのむほど綺麗でした。都心からも、その雄大な姿を眺めることができ、多くの人が写真に収めていました。このような景色は、日常の喧騒を忘れさせてくれるかのようです。
この文章で「綺麗だ」という言葉は、何に対して使われていますか。
文章中で「特に早朝の富士山は、空の色と相まって、息をのむほど綺麗でした」と明記されています。
文章中で「特に早朝の富士山は、空の色と相まって、息をのむほど綺麗でした」と明記されています。
文章から判断して、アパートが「綺麗だ」と言われている主な理由は何ですか。
Read this passage:
友人の引っ越しを手伝った際、彼の新しいアパートは驚くほど綺麗でした。前の住人が丹念に掃除したようで、床には埃一つなく、窓ガラスもピカピカでした。入居してすぐに快適に過ごせるのは、本当に素晴らしいことだと感じました。彼はこの部屋をとても気に入ったようです。
文章から判断して、アパートが「綺麗だ」と言われている主な理由は何ですか。
文章に「前の住人が丹念に掃除したようで、床には埃一つなく、窓ガラスもピカピカでした」と書かれています。
文章に「前の住人が丹念に掃除したようで、床には埃一つなく、窓ガラスもピカピカでした」と書かれています。
この料亭の料理について、「綺麗だ」と表現されているのは主にどのような点ですか。
Read this passage:
先日、京都の有名な料亭で食事をする機会がありました。出された料理はどれも目にも鮮やかで、一つ一つの盛り付けが芸術的でした。特に、季節の花が添えられた前菜は、その美しさから食べるのがもったいないほど綺麗でした。味はもちろんのこと、見た目の美しさも日本の食文化の重要な要素だと改めて感じました。
この料亭の料理について、「綺麗だ」と表現されているのは主にどのような点ですか。
文章中で「一つ一つの盛り付けが芸術的でした。特に、季節の花が添えられた前菜は、その美しさから食べるのがもったいないほど綺麗でした」と述べられています。
文章中で「一つ一つの盛り付けが芸術的でした。特に、季節の花が添えられた前菜は、その美しさから食べるのがもったいないほど綺麗でした」と述べられています。
The correct order forms the sentence 'This painting is truly beautiful.'
The correct order forms the sentence 'That room is always kept clean.'
The correct order forms the sentence 'Her singing voice is like crystal clear water.'
彼女の歌声はまるで天使のようで、聞く人々を魅了する。まさに___と言えるだろう。
文脈から、天使のような歌声が人々を魅了する様子を表す言葉が必要です。「清らか」は「美しく澄んでいる」という意味で、この文脈に合致します。
長年の努力が実を結び、ついに彼は夢見た舞台で___な演技を披露した。
「夢見た舞台で」という表現から、素晴らしい、目を引くような演技を期待する文脈です。「華麗」は「はなやかで美しい」という意味で、適切です。
その画家が描く風景画は、細部に至るまで___に表現されており、見る者を圧倒する。
「細部に至るまで」という表現から、非常に精巧で美しい表現がされていることを指します。「巧妙」は「非常に巧みで優れている」という意味で、風景画の描写にふさわしいです。
彼女は常に周囲への気配りを忘れず、その振る舞いはまさに___の一言に尽きる。
「周囲への気配りを忘れず」という行動は、上品で美しい振る舞いを連想させます。「優雅」は「上品で美しいこと」を意味し、この文脈に合致します。
何十年もの間、手入れが行き届いた日本庭園は、___な姿を保ち続けている。
「手入れが行き届いた日本庭園」は、その美しさや壮大さを維持していることを示唆しています。「雄大」は「規模が大きく、堂々として美しい」という意味で、庭園の描写として適切です。
彼のプレゼンテーションは、論理的な構成と___な言葉遣いで、聴衆を深く納得させた。
「論理的な構成」と相まって聴衆を納得させる言葉遣いは、淀みがなく美しいものであると推測されます。「流麗」は「よどみがなく美しいこと」という意味で、この文脈にふさわしいです。
Choose the most appropriate synonym for 綺麗だ when describing a meticulously organized room.
綺麗だ can mean 'clean' or 'neat'. 整頓されている specifically refers to being tidy and organized, which fits the context of a meticulously organized room better than 'luxurious', 'complex', or 'old'.
Which nuance of 綺麗だ is best captured in the sentence: その花は本当に綺麗で、心を奪われた。
In this sentence, 'その花は本当に綺麗で、心を奪われた。' (That flower is truly beautiful, and it captivated my heart.), 綺麗だ refers to the captivating visual appeal of the flower, emphasizing its aesthetic beauty.
When someone says '彼の部屋はいつも綺麗だ', what is the most likely implication beyond just physical cleanliness?
Saying '彼の部屋はいつも綺麗だ' (His room is always clean/neat) suggests a consistent effort to maintain order and cleanliness, implying that he is a meticulous and organized person.
「綺麗だ」 can be used to describe both the outward appearance of something and its internal purity or lack of corruption.
While commonly referring to physical beauty or cleanliness, 綺麗だ can also subtly imply a sense of purity or lack of blemish, which can extend to non-physical aspects like a 'clean' record or a 'pure' heart, though less directly than other words.
When used to describe a person, 「綺麗だ」 exclusively refers to their physical attractiveness, with no implications about their character or demeanor.
While 綺麗だ often refers to physical attractiveness, it can also subtly imply grace, elegance, or even a 'clean' and refined demeanor, extending beyond mere physical beauty to aspects of character or presence.
In formal contexts, using 「綺麗だ」 to describe someone's written work implies it is free of errors and well-presented, rather than merely aesthetically pleasing.
When describing written work, 綺麗だ can indeed imply that it is neat, well-organized, free of mistakes, and presented clearly, going beyond just looking good to encompassing accuracy and precision.
Listen for how '綺麗' describes her appearance and its effect on others.
Pay attention to how '綺麗' describes the state of the room and its implication.
Notice how '綺麗' is used here in a more abstract sense, referring to a skill.
Read this aloud:
この景色は本当に綺麗ですね。
Focus: ki-rei-desu-ne
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
彼女の歌声は綺麗で、心に響く。
Focus: ka-no-jo-no-u-ta-go-e-wa-ki-rei-de
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
この資料は綺麗にまとまっていて、とても分かりやすい。
Focus: ki-rei-ni-ma-to-mat-te-i-te
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you are describing a meticulously organized traditional Japanese garden to a friend. Use '綺麗だ' to convey its pristine and beautiful nature, emphasizing both cleanliness and aesthetic appeal.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
この庭は本当に綺麗だね。一つ一つの石や植物が丁寧に手入れされていて、どこを見ても心が洗われるようだ。完璧に配置された風景は、まさに芸術作品だよ。
You are writing a review for a high-end minimalist apartment. Describe how '綺麗だ' applies to its design, highlighting the absence of clutter and the sophisticated, clean lines.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
このアパートは全体的に非常に綺麗だ。無駄なものが一切なく、洗練されたデザインが空間をより広く感じさせる。ミニマリズムが徹底されていて、住む人の精神性まで高めてくれそうだ。
Describe a personal experience where something unexpectedly '綺麗だ' caught your eye, not just in terms of appearance, but perhaps a moment or a gesture that was pure and beautiful.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
先日、電車の中で見かけた親子の姿がとても綺麗だった。幼い子供が母親の言葉に真剣に耳を傾け、母親もまた優しく語りかけていた。その何気ない交流の中に、純粋な愛情が溢れていて、思わず見とれてしまった。
この文章において、「綺麗だった」は何を最も強く表現していますか？
Read this passage:
彼女がステージに上がった瞬間、会場全体が息をのんだ。彼女のドレスは純白で、光を反射して輝いていた。その歌声もまた、澄み切っていて、まるで天使のようだった。彼女の存在そのものが、その場の空気を一変させるほど綺麗だった。
この文章において、「綺麗だった」は何を最も強く表現していますか？
文章全体を通して、ドレスや歌声も素晴らしいが、最終的に「彼女の存在そのもの」が会場の空気を変えるほど「綺麗だった」と結びつけられており、単なる外見や技術だけでなく、彼女自身の総合的な魅力が強調されています。
文章全体を通して、ドレスや歌声も素晴らしいが、最終的に「彼女の存在そのもの」が会場の空気を変えるほど「綺麗だった」と結びつけられており、単なる外見や技術だけでなく、彼女自身の総合的な魅力が強調されています。
「この家が、こんなにも綺麗だったのかと改めて感じた」という表現から読み取れる筆者の気持ちとして最も適切なものはどれですか？
Read this passage:
長年住み慣れた家を離れることになった。引っ越しの前日、家の中を最後の掃除をした。隅々まで磨き上げ、塵一つない状態になった時、不思議と清々しい気持ちになった。この家が、こんなにも綺麗だったのかと改めて感じた。
「この家が、こんなにも綺麗だったのかと改めて感じた」という表現から読み取れる筆者の気持ちとして最も適切なものはどれですか？
引っ越し前日に最後の掃除をし、家が綺麗になったことを再認識する描写から、単なる清潔さだけでなく、長年住んだ家への愛着や別れを惜しむ気持ちが込められていると解釈できます。
引っ越し前日に最後の掃除をし、家が綺麗になったことを再認識する描写から、単なる清潔さだけでなく、長年住んだ家への愛着や別れを惜しむ気持ちが込められていると解釈できます。
茶道における「綺麗だ」という美意識は、主にどのような点に現れていますか？
Read this passage:
日本の伝統的な茶道では、茶室の設え一つ一つに深い意味が込められている。特に、水屋や点前座は常に清潔に保たれ、一切の無駄がない。それが、茶道の精神性を表す「綺麗だ」という美意識につながるのだ。
茶道における「綺麗だ」という美意識は、主にどのような点に現れていますか？
文章中で「水屋や点前座は常に清潔に保たれ、一切の無駄がない。それが、茶道の精神性を表す『綺麗だ』という美意識につながる」と明記されており、清潔さと無駄のなさが強調されています。
文章中で「水屋や点前座は常に清潔に保たれ、一切の無駄がない。それが、茶道の精神性を表す『綺麗だ』という美意識につながる」と明記されており、清潔さと無駄のなさが強調されています。
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Summary
「綺麗だ」is a versatile adjective meaning beautiful, clean, or pretty.
- Beautiful
- Clean
- Pretty
Basic Meaning of Kirei
「綺麗だ」 (kirei da) can mean both beautiful and clean. Think of it as describing something visually pleasing or free from dirt.
Using Kirei for Appearance
Use 「綺麗だ」 to describe people, objects, or scenery as beautiful or pretty. For example, 「彼女は綺麗だ。」 (Kanojo wa kirei da.) means "She is beautiful."
Using Kirei for Cleanliness
You can also use 「綺麗だ」 to say something is clean. For instance, 「部屋が綺麗だ。」 (Heya ga kirei da.) means "The room is clean."
Understanding "da" as a copula
「だ」 (da) at the end of 「綺麗だ」 is a plain form of the copula "to be". It acts like "is" or "are". When used in a polite sentence, it becomes 「です」 (desu), so 「綺麗です」 (kirei desu).
관련 콘텐츠
general 관련 단어
いくつか
B1An unspecified small number of things; some, a few.
ちょっと
A2A little; a moment; a bit. Small amount or short time.
すこし
A2A little; a few.
さっき
A2A little while ago; a short time past.
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
～について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
～ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
