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B1 noun 10분 분량

憤り

ikidori
예시 憤り 30초 만에
설명 憤り in your Level:
At the A1 level, '憤り' (ikidoori) is a very difficult word because it is quite formal. Most beginners learn '怒る' (okoru - to get angry) or '怒り' (ikari - anger) first. Think of '憤り' as a very 'big' version of anger. If someone breaks a small rule, you might be '怒る'. But if someone does something very bad and unfair to many people, you feel '憤り'. For now, just remember that this word means 'a very strong, serious anger about something unfair'. You will see it in books or on the news more than you will hear it from your friends. It is a noun, so you usually say '憤りを感じる' (I feel indignation). It's like the difference between saying 'I'm mad' and 'I'm outraged'. Beginners don't need to use it, but knowing it will help you understand serious stories.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more specific nouns for emotions. '憤り' is one of those words that describes a specific *kind* of anger. While '怒り' (ikari) is the general word for being mad, '憤り' (ikidoori) is used when you think something is 'not right' or 'unfair'. For example, if a company treats its workers poorly, the workers feel '憤り'. Grammatically, it is a noun. You can say '強い憤り' (strong indignation). You often use the particle 'を' with it: '憤りを覚える' (to feel indignation). This is a bit more formal than '怒る'. If you use this word instead of just saying 'I'm angry', people will think your Japanese is very good and that you are thinking about serious things. It's a great word for talking about news or social problems in a simple way.
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As a B1 learner, you should begin to incorporate '憤り' into your vocabulary for formal writing and serious discussions. This word is essential for reaching the intermediate-mid level because it allows you to express 'moral outrage' or 'principled resentment'. At this level, you should distinguish it from '腹が立つ' (hara ga tatsu), which is common in daily life. '憤り' is used for situations involving injustice, lack of ethics, or societal failure. You will frequently encounter it in news articles (ニュース) and editorials (社説). A common pattern to learn is '[Noun] に対する憤り' (indignation toward [Noun]). For example, '不平等に対する憤り' (indignation toward inequality). Using this word shows that you can express complex emotions that go beyond personal feelings and touch on social values. It's a key word for debates and formal complaints.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with the nuanced collocations of '憤り'. You should know that it is often paired with formal verbs like '禁じ得ない' (kinji-enai - cannot help but...) or '噴出する' (funshutsu-suru - to erupt/break out). For instance, '国民の憤りが噴出した' (The citizens' indignation erupted). At this level, you should also understand the difference between '憤り' and '恨み' (urami). While '恨み' is a personal grudge, '憤り' is a more objective sense of outrage based on a violation of justice or 'righteousness' (義). You should be able to use it in essays to discuss historical events or current affairs. It is a word that carries significant 'weight' (重み), and using it correctly demonstrates a high level of cultural and linguistic competence. You should also recognize its verb form, '憤る' (ikidooru), and use it in formal speech.
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For C1 learners, '憤り' is a tool for precise emotional and ethical expression. You should understand its psychological depth—the idea of a 'stuffed' or 'suppressed' heart that the kanji 憤 implies. At this level, you can use it to analyze literature or philosophical texts. You might discuss '静かな憤り' (quiet indignation) or '長年の憤り' (long-standing resentment). You should also be aware of related academic terms like '義憤' (gifun - righteous indignation) and how they differ in register. In professional or legal contexts, you might see '憤り' used to describe the emotional damages in a case or the public reaction to a legislative change. You should be able to manipulate the word within complex grammatical structures, such as '憤りを禁じ得ない状況にある' (to be in a situation where one cannot help but feel indignation). It's about using the word to convey not just an emotion, but a moral stance.
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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of '憤り' and its place in the Japanese linguistic landscape. You understand that this word is not just a label for an emotion, but a reflection of the Japanese sense of justice and social harmony. You can distinguish between the subtle shades of meaning when '憤り' is used in different historical periods or literary genres. For example, in the works of Natsume Soseki or Yukio Mishima, '憤り' might represent a character's struggle against modernity or traditionalism. You are capable of using the word in high-level rhetorical contexts, such as speeches or academic papers, to evoke a specific emotional response from your audience. You also understand the social implications of expressing '憤り' in a culture that values 'wa' (harmony), and how the choice of this specific word can legitimize one's anger as a 'principled' rather than 'selfish' emotion. Your usage is flawless, nuanced, and contextually perfect.
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예시

憤り 30초 만에

  • 憤り is a formal noun meaning 'indignation' or 'outrage', specifically used when one feels a sense of injustice or moral violation.
  • It differs from 怒り (ikari) by being more profound, serious, and often directed toward societal issues or principled disagreements rather than personal annoyances.
  • Commonly paired with verbs like 感じる (feel), 覚える (experience), and 禁じ得ない (cannot help but), it is a high-register word found in news and literature.
  • Using 憤り correctly elevates your Japanese by showing you can discuss complex ethical emotions and social problems with precision and gravity.

The Japanese word 憤り (いきどおり - ikidoori) represents a profound sense of indignation, resentment, or outrage. Unlike the common word for anger, 怒り (ikari), which can describe a sudden flare of temper or a simple annoyance, 憤り carries a much heavier psychological and moral weight. It is the kind of anger that stems from a sense of injustice, unfairness, or a violation of one's principles. When you use this word, you are communicating that your anger is not just a passing emotion but a deep-seated reaction to something that shouldn't have happened. It is often directed at societal issues, political corruption, or a deep betrayal of trust. In Japanese culture, expressing raw anger is often discouraged, but 憤り is viewed as a more sophisticated, albeit intense, expression of one's values and moral compass.

Core Nuance
It is a righteous anger. It isn't just 'I am mad because I missed the bus'; it is 'I am outraged because the system is failing the vulnerable.' It suggests a internal burning or smoldering rather than an external explosion.
Social Context
Commonly found in news broadcasts, editorials, and serious literature. If a politician is caught in a scandal, the public feels 憤り. If a historical injustice is discussed, the word used is 憤り.
Grammatical Function
As a noun, it is frequently paired with verbs like 覚える (oboeru - to feel/experience), 感じる (kanjiru - to feel), or 禁じ得ない (kinji-enai - cannot help but feel).

不公平な判決に対し、国民は強い憤りを感じている。

— Translation: The citizens feel a strong indignation toward the unfair verdict.

To understand the depth of 憤り, one must look at its kanji components. The character 憤 (fun) consists of the 'heart' radical (忄) on the left and a phonetic component on the right that implies a state of being filled or stuffed. Thus, 憤り literally describes a heart filled to the brim with emotion that is pressing to get out. It is a 'stuffed heart' of resentment. This is why the word often implies a long-lasting state rather than a momentary outburst. You might carry 憤り for years regarding a specific event. In professional settings, using this word shows that you are taking a matter very seriously and that your objection is based on logic and ethics rather than just personal feelings.

彼の無責任な発言に、激しい憤りを覚えた。

— Translation: I felt an intense resentment toward his irresponsible remarks.

When compared to synonyms like 恨み (urami - grudge/hatred), 憤り is less about personal vendetta and more about the objective wrongness of an action. While 恨み is 'I hate you for what you did to me,' 憤り is 'I am outraged by the nature of this act.' This distinction is crucial for learners who want to sound sophisticated. Using 憤り in a debate or a formal complaint elevates the conversation from a personal squabble to a principled disagreement. It is a word of high register, signaling that the speaker is educated and possesses a strong sense of social responsibility.

Using 憤り correctly requires understanding its status as a noun and the specific verbs it collocates with. It is rarely used on its own as an exclamation like 'Anger!' instead, it functions as the object of a sentence describing an internal state. The most common structure is [Target] + に対する (ni taisuru) + 憤り, which means 'indignation toward [target]'. This target is usually a person's behavior, a social phenomenon, or a specific event.

Verb Pairing: 覚える (Oboeru)
While 覚える usually means 'to remember', when paired with emotions like 憤り, it means 'to feel' or 'to experience'. This is a very common and slightly formal way to express that the feeling has arisen within you. Example: 憤りを覚える。
Verb Pairing: 禁じ得ない (Kinji-enai)
This is a literary and highly formal expression meaning 'cannot help but feel' or 'cannot suppress'. It is used when the outrage is so strong that it is impossible to stay calm. Example: 憤りを禁じ得ない。
Verb Pairing: ぶつける (Butsukeru)
Meaning 'to throw' or 'to direct at', this describes the act of expressing one's outrage toward someone else. Example: 憤りを相手にぶつける。

環境破壊の現状を知り、強い憤りを感じずにはいられない。

— Translation: Knowing the current state of environmental destruction, I cannot help but feel a strong indignation.

In terms of adjectives, 憤り is often modified by words that emphasize its intensity. Common modifiers include 激しい (hageshii - intense), 強い (tsuyoi - strong), 抑えきれない (osaekirenai - uncontrollable), and 深い (fukai - deep). These adjectives help specify the magnitude of the resentment. For instance, '深き憤り' (fukaki ikidoori) sounds particularly poetic and profound, often used in eulogies or high-level political speeches regarding long-standing conflicts.

そのニュースを聞いて、胸の内に静かな憤りがこみ上げてきた。

— Translation: Hearing that news, a quiet indignation welled up inside my chest.

Finally, consider the particles. 憤り is almost always followed by を (o) when it is the object of a feeling verb, or が (ga) when it is the subject (e.g., 憤りが収まらない - the indignation won't subside). Understanding these patterns allows you to construct sentences that sound natural and carry the appropriate emotional weight. It is a word that demands a certain level of gravity in the surrounding vocabulary; you wouldn't typically use it with slang or very casual grammar.

You are most likely to encounter 憤り in formal media and literature rather than in daily casual conversation. In Japan, public discourse often uses this word to describe collective sentiment. For example, during news coverage of a corporate scandal where executives have embezzled funds, the reporter might say, '消費者の間には憤りの声が広がっています' (Voices of indignation are spreading among consumers). This usage highlights that the anger is shared and justified by a moral standard.

News & Media
Used to describe the public's reaction to crimes, political failures, or social inequality. It gives the reporting a serious, ethical tone.
Literature & Manga
In serious dramas or 'Seinen' manga, a character might reflect on their 憤り toward their fate or a corrupt system. It is a key word for internal monologues.
Documentaries
When interviewing victims of injustice, the narrator often uses 憤り to summarize the victim's long-standing pain and quest for justice.

「この不条理な世の中に憤りを感じないのか？」

— Translation: 'Do you not feel indignation toward this irrational world?' (Common dramatic trope)

In a work environment, you might hear it during a very serious meeting where a major breach of contract has occurred. A manager might state, '今回の提携先の対応には、強い憤りを感じております' (We feel a strong indignation regarding the response of our partner this time). This is a professional way of saying 'We are very angry and find your behavior unacceptable,' without losing one's temper or using 'unprofessional' language like むかつく (mukatsuku). It signals that the relationship is in serious jeopardy because a fundamental principle of business has been violated.

遺族の方々は、犯人に対する抑えきれない憤りを口にしました。

— Translation: The bereaved family spoke of their uncontrollable indignation toward the perpetrator.

Finally, in academic or sociological contexts, 憤り is used to discuss the motivations behind social movements. One might analyze the '憤りの政治' (politics of resentment/indignation) to explain why certain populations are voting in specific ways. In this context, the word is used objectively to describe a powerful social force. Understanding this word helps you engage with Japanese media at a much deeper level, moving beyond basic communication into the realm of complex social and emotional analysis.

The most frequent mistake learners make with 憤り is using it in situations that are too trivial. Because the word carries such a heavy moral and formal weight, using it for small annoyances can make you sound melodramatic or even sarcastic. For example, if you miss a train or drop your ice cream, saying '憤りを感じる' would be very strange. In those cases, '腹が立つ' (hara ga tatsu) or '悔しい' (kuyashii) are much more appropriate. 憤り is reserved for matters of principle, justice, and deep betrayal.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 怒り (Ikari)
While they both mean 'anger', 怒り is the broad term for the emotion. 憤り is a specific *type* of anger. You can be 怒り (angry) because someone bumped into you, but you feel 憤り (indignation) because someone was bullied and no one helped.
Mistake 2: Incorrect Particle Usage
Learners often try to use 憤り as a verb directly (e.g., 憤りする). This is incorrect. It is a noun. To use it as a verb, you must use 憤る (ikidooru) or the phrase 憤りを感じる (ikidoori o kanjiru).
Mistake 3: Tone Mismatch
Using 憤り in a very casual conversation with friends using 'slangy' Japanese (like 'マジで憤りを感じるんだけど') sounds like a joke. It's like saying 'I am experiencing profound moral outrage, bro' in English.

✕ 遅刻した友達に憤りを感じた。

○ 遅刻した友達に腹を立てた。

— Note: Being late is a personal annoyance, not usually a matter of 'indignation'.

Another nuance to watch out for is the direction of the emotion. 憤り is often directed *outward* at a situation or another person's actions. While you can feel 'self-indignation' (自分自身への憤り), it is much less common than being indignant at the world. If you are just 'mad at yourself' for a mistake, 悔しい (kuyashii) is almost always the better choice. 憤り implies that a standard of 'how things should be' has been violated.

✕ 彼はとても憤りだ。

○ 彼はとても憤っている。

— Note: You cannot say 'He is indignation'. You must use the verb form.

Finally, don't confuse 憤り with 恨み (urami). 恨み is a personal grudge, often involving a desire for revenge. 憤り is a moral outrage. You can feel 憤り toward a historical figure you've never met, but you usually only feel 恨み toward someone who has personally harmed you. Keeping these distinctions clear will help you navigate the complex emotional landscape of Japanese vocabulary with the precision of a native speaker.

Japanese has a rich vocabulary for 'anger', and choosing the right one depends on the intensity, the cause, and the social setting. 憤り sits in the 'formal/righteous' category. Let's compare it with other common terms to see where it fits best.

怒り (Ikari)
The most general word. It covers everything from a toddler's tantrum to a god's wrath. If you aren't sure which word to use, 怒り is the safest, but it lacks the moral depth of 憤り.
義憤 (Gifun)
Specifically 'righteous indignation'. This is even more formal than 憤り. It is used when the anger is purely for the sake of justice, often on behalf of others. It is a very 'noble' kind of anger.
不満 (Fuman)
Dissatisfaction. This is much weaker than 憤り. If you are unhappy with your salary, you have 不満. If your salary was stolen by a corrupt boss, you have 憤り.
恨み (Urami)
A grudge or resentment. This is personal and often 'darker' than 憤り. It implies a lingering desire for the other person to suffer. 憤り is more about the act itself being wrong.

Comparison: 怒り vs 憤り

怒り: 'I'm mad!' (Broad, can be emotional/irrational)
憤り: 'This is an outrage!' (Focused on justice/principles)

For learners looking for more casual alternatives, phrases like 腹が立つ (hara ga tatsu - to get angry) or 頭にくる (atama ni kuru - to get mad/pissed off) are used in daily life. However, if you are writing an essay, a formal letter of complaint, or discussing social issues, sticking with 憤り will significantly improve the quality of your Japanese. It shows that you are capable of abstract thought and moral reasoning.

Another interesting alternative is 遺憾 (ikan), often used by politicians. It means 'regrettable' but is used as a very formal way to express displeasure or outrage without using the word 'anger'. While 憤り is an emotional noun, 遺憾 is more of a diplomatic stance. Understanding these nuances helps you decode the 'hidden' meanings in Japanese news and official statements.

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수준별 예문

1

彼はそのニュースに憤りを感じた。

He felt indignation at that news.

憤り (noun) + を (particle) + 感じた (felt).

2

みんなが憤りを持っています。

Everyone has (feels) indignation.

憤り + を + 持っています (have/hold).

3

憤りは大きな怒りです。

Indignation is a big anger.

憤り + は (topic) + 怒り + です (is).

4

彼女の憤りはすごいです。

Her indignation is amazing/intense.

憤り modifies the subject.

5

不公平なことに、私は憤りを感じます。

I feel indignation at unfair things.

不公平なこと (unfair things) + に (at).

6

その時、憤りが生まれました。

At that time, indignation was born (arose).

憤り + が (subject) + 生まれました (was born).

7

憤りを忘れないでください。

Please do not forget the indignation.

憤り + を + 忘れないで (don't forget).

8

彼の言葉には憤りがありました。

There was indignation in his words.

言葉 + には (in the words) + 憤り + がありました (there was).

1

社会のルールを守らない人に、憤りを感じる。

I feel indignation toward people who don't follow society's rules.

守らない人 (people who don't follow) + に (toward).

2

強い憤りを覚える出来事があった。

There was an event where I felt strong indignation.

覚える (oboeru) here means 'to feel'.

3

彼は憤りを隠せなかった。

He could not hide his indignation.

隠せなかった (could not hide) is the potential negative past form.

4

その嘘に、多くの人が憤りを持った。

Many people felt indignation at that lie.

嘘 (lie) + に (at).

5

憤りが心の中に広がった。

Indignation spread inside my heart.

心の中に (inside the heart) + 広がった (spread).

6

彼女は憤りを込めて話した。

She spoke with indignation (putting indignation into her speech).

憤りを込めて (komete - including/with).

7

憤りを感じるのは当然だ。

It is natural to feel indignation.

当然だ (touzen da - it is natural/expected).

8

この本を読むと、憤りがわいてくる。

When I read this book, indignation wells up.

わいてくる (waite kuru - to well up).

1

政治家の無責任な対応に、国民の憤りが高まっている。

Citizens' indignation is rising due to the politicians' irresponsible response.

高まっている (takamatte iru) indicates a continuing increase.

2

不条理な現実に憤りを覚えずにはいられない。

I cannot help but feel indignation at the irrational reality.

～ずにはいられない (cannot help but...).

3

彼は長年の憤りをようやく言葉にした。

He finally put his years of indignation into words.

言葉にした (kotoba ni shita - put into words/expressed).

4

その差別的な発言は、世界中に憤りを巻き起こした。

That discriminatory remark sparked indignation all over the world.

巻き起こした (makiokoshita - sparked/caused to happen).

5

私の憤りは、単なる怒りではなく、正義感から来ている。

My indignation isn't just anger; it comes from a sense of justice.

～ではなく (not A, but B).

6

彼に対して憤りを感じる一方で、悲しさも感じた。

While I felt indignation toward him, I also felt sadness.

一方で (ippou de - on the other hand).

7

憤りを抑えるのは、非常に難しいことだ。

Suppressing indignation is a very difficult thing.

抑える (osaeru - to suppress/control).

8

彼女の目には、激しい憤りの色が浮かんでいた。

An intense look of indignation appeared in her eyes.

憤りの色 (the color/look of indignation).

1

隠蔽工作が発覚し、世論は激しい憤りに包まれた。

The cover-up was discovered, and public opinion was enveloped in intense indignation.

包まれた (tsutsumareta - was enveloped/wrapped).

2

被害者の家族は、加害者への消えない憤りを抱えている。

The victim's family harbors an unquenchable indignation toward the perpetrator.

消えない (kienai - unquenchable/everlasting).

3

彼は、自分の無力さに対する憤りを力に変えた。

He turned his indignation toward his own helplessness into strength.

力に変えた (chikara ni kaeta - turned into strength).

4

企業の利益優先の姿勢に、消費者の憤りが爆発した。

Consumers' indignation exploded at the company's profit-first attitude.

爆発した (bakuhatsu shita - exploded).

5

この不公平なシステムに対し、憤りを禁じ得ない。

I cannot help but feel indignation toward this unfair system.

禁じ得ない (kinji-enai - cannot help but feel).

6

彼の沈黙は、周囲の憤りをさらに煽ることになった。

His silence ended up further fanning the surrounding indignation.

煽る (aoru - to fan/instigate).

7

憤りを通り越して、もはやあきれてしまった。

I've gone past indignation and am now just exasperated.

通り越して (toorikoshite - to go beyond/pass).

8

その判決は、法治国家としての憤りを誘うものだった。

The verdict was something that invited indignation as a nation under the rule of law.

誘う (sasou - to invite/provoke).

1

歴史の闇に葬られた真実に対し、静かな憤りを覚える。

I feel a quiet indignation toward the truth buried in the shadows of history.

葬られた (houmurareta - buried).

2

彼の著作には、現代社会への鋭い憤りが込められている。

His writings contain a sharp indignation toward modern society.

鋭い (surudoi - sharp/incisive).

3

組織的な不正を前にして、個人の憤りはあまりにも無力だった。

In the face of systemic corruption, individual indignation was all too powerless.

あまりにも (amari ni mo - too much/excessively).

4

その声明は、国民の憤りをなだめるどころか、火に油を注いだ。

Far from calming the citizens' indignation, that statement added fuel to the fire.

～どころか (far from/on the contrary).

5

私たちは、この憤りを建設的な行動に繋げるべきだ。

We should link this indignation to constructive action.

繋げる (tsunageru - to link/connect).

6

彼の冷淡な態度は、遺族の憤りを逆なでした。

His cold attitude rubbed the bereaved family's indignation the wrong way.

逆なでする (sakanade suru - to rub the wrong way/provoke).

7

憤りの矛先は、次第に政府へと向けられていった。

The target of the indignation was gradually directed toward the government.

矛先 (hokosaki - target/brunt of attack).

8

正義が踏みにじられるとき、憤りは人間としての誇りとなる。

When justice is trampled, indignation becomes a matter of human pride.

踏みにじられる (fuminijirareru - to be trampled).

1

その悲劇に対する公衆の憤りは、法改正を促す原動力となった。

The public's indignation toward the tragedy became the driving force for legal reform.

原動力 (gendouryoku - driving force/motive power).

2

作家は、言葉の端々に隠しきれない憤りを滲ませていた。

The author allowed an unhidable indignation to seep through every word.

滲ませる (nijimaseru - to allow to show through/seep).

3

制度的差別に端を発する憤りが、ついに臨界点に達した。

The indignation originating from systemic discrimination finally reached its critical point.

臨界点 (rinkaiten - critical point/tipping point).

4

彼の憤りは、個人的な恩怨を超越した、普遍的な人道主義に基づいている。

His indignation is based on a universal humanism that transcends personal grudges.

超越した (chouetsu shita - transcended).

5

権力者の傲慢さに対する民衆の憤りは、歴史を動かす巨大なうねりとなった。

The masses' indignation toward the arrogance of those in power became a giant swell that moved history.

巨大なうねり (kyodai na uneri - a massive swell/surge).

6

憤りを単なる破壊的な衝動に終わらせず、社会変革の糧とせねばならない。

We must not let indignation end as a mere destructive impulse; we must make it the fuel for social change.

～とせねばならない (must make it into...).

7

その不当な拘束に対し、国際社会から憤りの声が相次いでいる。

Voices of indignation are following one after another from the international community regarding the unjust detention.

相次いでいる (aitsuide iru - happening one after another).

8

彼の静謐な佇まいの裏には、熾火のような憤りが潜んでいた。

Behind his serene demeanor, an indignation like smoldering embers lay hidden.

熾火 (okibi - smoldering embers/live coals).

자주 쓰는 조합

憤りを感じる
憤りを覚える
憤りを禁じ得ない
憤りをぶつける
憤りが収まらない
憤りの声
激しい憤り
憤りを買う
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