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A1 adjective 중립

koud

/kɑut/
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자주 쓰는 구문

자주 혼동되는 단어

koud 대 oud
One letter different, opposite meaning
koud 대 goud
One letter different
koud 대 kous
One letter different

문법 패턴

Het is koud vandaag. Ik heb het koud. Een koude douche.

사용법

사용 참고사항

The primary usage of 'koud' is to describe a low temperature, for example, 'Het is koud buiten' (It's cold outside) or 'De koffie is koud' (The coffee is cold). When referring to people, it can mean emotionally cold or distant, as in 'Hij is een beetje koud' (He is a bit cold). It can also be used in set phrases, such as 'het koud hebben' (to be cold, e.g., 'Ik heb het koud' - I am cold) or 'een koude rilling krijgen' (to get a cold shiver). The adverbial form is also 'koud,' as in 'koud douchen' (to shower cold). It's important to distinguish between 'koud' as an adjective and 'kou' as a noun (the cold). For example, 'Ik voel de kou' (I feel the cold). The plural form of the adjective is 'koude' when preceding a plural noun (e.g., 'koude dagen' - cold days) or when used predicatively with a plural subject. Context is key to understanding whether 'koud' refers to literal temperature or a more abstract concept.

자주 하는 실수

A common mistake for English speakers is confusing 'koud' (cold - adjective) with 'kou' (cold - noun). For example, 'Ik heb kou' is grammatically incorrect, you should say 'Ik heb het koud' (I am cold) or 'De kou is intens' (The cold is intense).

문화적 맥락

In Dutch culture, 'koud' (cold) can refer to both temperature and a more metaphorical sense of interpersonal relationships or emotional states. For example, a 'koude douche' (cold shower) can metaphorically mean a sudden disappointment or reality check. When describing people, 'koud' can imply someone is aloof, unemotional, or distant, which is generally viewed negatively in a society that values warmth and directness in personal interactions. The experience of cold weather is also a significant part of Dutch life, leading to common phrases and traditions around staying warm. Winter scenes in Dutch art often depict the challenges and coziness associated with cold. Food and drink can also be described as 'koud,' such as 'koud bier' (cold beer) or 'koude schotel' (cold buffet), which are common. The term can also be used in more formal or scientific contexts, much like in English, to describe physical properties or conditions.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문
'Koud' can be used in many expressions. For example, 'Het is koud buiten' means 'It is cold outside.' 'Ik heb het koud' translates to 'I am cold.' You might also hear 'een koude douche nemen,' meaning 'to take a cold shower,' or 'iemand koud laten,' which means 'to leave someone out in the cold' or 'to ignore someone.' There's also 'koudwatervrees,' which literally means 'cold water fear' but refers to trepidation or reluctance to start something new.
'Koud' directly relates to low temperatures in Dutch, similar to 'cold' in English. It's used to describe weather, objects, food, and even people's feelings of chilliness. For instance, 'koud weer' means 'cold weather,' 'een koude drank' is 'a cold drink,' and if someone says 'Ik krijg het koud,' they mean they are starting to feel cold. It's a fundamental word for discussing temperature.
Yes, 'koud' can definitely be used metaphorically. Beyond literal temperature, it can describe a lack of warmth in emotions or relationships. For example, 'een koud hart' means 'a cold heart,' indicating someone is unfeeling or unemotional. 'Een koude ontvangst' refers to 'a cold reception,' meaning an unwelcoming one. It can also imply a sudden or abrupt action, like 'koud starten,' which means 'to cold start' a machine without warming up.
Indeed, 'koud' appears in some Dutch proverbs. One well-known saying is 'Je moet het ijzer smeden als het heet is,' which means 'You must strike while the iron is hot.' While not directly using 'koud,' its opposite implies the importance of timing. A more direct example, though less common as a proverb, could be found in describing someone as 'koud als ijs' (cold as ice), emphasizing extreme lack of emotion or friendliness. The concept of coldness often underpins metaphors about harshness or difficulty.

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