prima 30초 만에
- Prima: Portuguese for female cousin.
- Used for daughter of aunt or uncle.
- Feminine noun.
- Essential for family discussions.
The Portuguese word prima is a noun that refers to a female cousin. It's a common and fundamental word used in everyday conversation when discussing family relationships. You'll hear it frequently when people are talking about their relatives, especially during family gatherings, holidays, or when simply sharing details about their personal lives.
- Usage Context
- 'Prima' is used to specifically identify a female relative who shares a grandparent with the speaker. This distinguishes her from a male cousin ('primo') or other female relatives like aunts ('tia') or sisters ('irmã').
- Family Trees
- In the context of family trees and genealogy, 'prima' is essential for accurately describing familial connections. It's the direct translation for a first cousin, second cousin, and so on, with the degree of cousinship usually specified by an adjective (e.g., 'prima em segundo grau' for a second cousin).
Minha prima mora em Lisboa.
The concept of cousins is universal, and Portuguese speakers use 'prima' to express this specific familial bond. It's a word that often evokes warmth and familiarity, as cousins are frequently considered close friends and part of one's immediate social circle.
- Social Interaction
- When introducing family members, saying "Esta é a minha prima Ana" (This is my cousin Ana) is a standard and polite way to make introductions. It helps others understand the relationship quickly and facilitates smoother social interactions.
A prima do meu pai é a minha tia.
Understanding 'prima' is crucial for basic communication in Portuguese, especially when discussing family. It's one of those foundational words that opens up many conversational possibilities and helps you connect with Portuguese speakers on a more personal level by understanding their family structures.
- Beyond First Cousins
- While most commonly referring to a first cousin, the term 'prima' can also extend to more distant cousins. In such cases, it's often accompanied by a numerical qualifier, like 'prima em segundo grau' (second cousin) or 'prima em terceiro grau' (third cousin), to specify the exact relationship.
Tenho muitas primas!
The word is deeply embedded in the Portuguese lexicon and reflects the importance of family ties in Portuguese-speaking cultures. Mastering 'prima' will immediately enhance your ability to engage in conversations about family and social connections.
Using 'prima' correctly in sentences is straightforward, as it functions like any other feminine noun in Portuguese. The key is to ensure it agrees in gender and number with the person it refers to and the surrounding sentence structure.
- Singular Usage
- In its singular form, 'prima' refers to one female cousin. It can be the subject of a sentence, the object, or used with possessive adjectives.
A minha prima é médica.
- Plural Usage
- To refer to multiple female cousins, you use the plural form, 'primas'.
As primas vieram visitar.
- With Articles
- You will often see 'prima' used with definite articles ('a' for singular, 'as' for plural) or indefinite articles ('uma' for singular, 'umas' for plural), depending on whether you are referring to a specific cousin or any cousin.
Conheci uma prima dele ontem.
- Possessive Pronouns
- Possessive pronouns like 'minha' (my), 'sua' (your/his/her), 'nossa' (our) are commonly used with 'prima'. Remember that the possessive pronoun agrees with the noun it modifies ('prima'), not the possessor.
Onde está a sua prima?
- In Sentences About Actions
- 'Prima' can be the subject performing an action or the indirect/direct object receiving an action.
A prima adora viajar.
Vou encontrar-me com a minha prima.
By observing these examples, you can see how 'prima' integrates seamlessly into Portuguese sentences. Pay attention to the agreement of articles and possessives, and you'll be using it correctly in no time.
You will hear the word 'prima' used frequently in various everyday situations in Portuguese-speaking countries. Its prevalence stems from the strong emphasis on family in these cultures.
- Family Gatherings
- At any family reunion, holiday dinner, or birthday party, conversations will inevitably revolve around relatives. You'll hear people referring to their 'prima' when discussing who is attending, who brought what, or sharing anecdotes about shared childhood memories.
A prima da minha mãe fez um bolo delicioso.
- Introductions
- When introducing new people to family members, using 'prima' is standard. For example, "Esta é a minha prima, Sofia." (This is my cousin, Sofia.)
- Discussions About Relatives' Lives
- Conversations about where relatives live, what they do for a living, or their personal lives will often involve the term 'prima'. For instance, "A minha prima está a estudar em Coimbra." (My cousin is studying in Coimbra.)
Onde está a prima do Pedro?
- Social Media and Messaging
- In informal digital communication, such as text messages or social media posts, 'prima' is used just as it would be in spoken conversation. You might see posts like "Feliz aniversário para a minha prima favorita!" (Happy birthday to my favorite cousin!)
- Genealogy and Family History
- When discussing family history or tracing lineage, 'prima' is an essential term for mapping out relationships accurately.
A minha prima em segundo grau vive no Brasil.
Essentially, any conversation where family is mentioned is a prime opportunity to hear and use the word 'prima'. It's a word that signifies connection, familiarity, and belonging within the Portuguese-speaking family structure.
While 'prima' is a relatively simple word, learners might encounter a few common pitfalls. Understanding these can help you avoid them and use the word more accurately.
- Confusing Gender
- The most frequent mistake is using 'prima' when referring to a male cousin, or vice-versa. Portuguese nouns have grammatical gender, and 'prima' is strictly feminine. For a male cousin, the word is 'primo'.
Incorrecto: A minha prima é homem. (My male cousin is a man.)
Correcto: O meu primo é homem.
- Incorrect Pluralization
- When referring to more than one female cousin, the plural form 'primas' must be used. Forgetting the '-s' or using 'primo' for multiple female cousins is a common error.
Incorrecto: Tenho duas prima em Portugal. (I have two female cousin in Portugal.)
Correcto: Tenho duas primas em Portugal.
- Agreement with Possessives and Articles
- Possessive pronouns (minha, sua, tua, etc.) and articles (a, uma) must agree in gender and number with 'prima'. Using the masculine form or incorrect number can lead to errors.
Incorrecto: O meu prima é simpática. (My female cousin is nice - 'meu' is masculine)
Correcto: A minha prima é simpática.
- Overgeneralization
- Sometimes learners might use 'prima' too broadly to refer to any female relative or even close female friends. While in very informal contexts it might be understood, it's best to use the precise term for accuracy.
Correcto para tia: A minha tia é simpática.
Correcto para amiga: A minha amiga é simpática.
By being mindful of gender, number, and agreement, you can confidently use 'prima' in your Portuguese conversations.
While 'prima' specifically means female cousin, Portuguese has a rich vocabulary for family members and related concepts. Understanding these helps you communicate more precisely.
- Primo (Male Cousin)
- This is the direct male counterpart to 'prima'. If you are referring to a male cousin, you must use 'primo'.
- Example: O meu primo João mora no Brasil.
- Comparison: 'Prima' is feminine, 'primo' is masculine. Both refer to a child of one's aunt or uncle.
- Tia (Aunt)
- An aunt is the sister of one's parent. 'Prima' is the daughter of one's aunt or uncle.
- Example: A minha tia é muito simpática.
- Comparison: A 'tia' is a generation above a 'prima'.
- Tio (Uncle)
- An uncle is the brother of one's parent. His daughters are your 'primas'.
- Example: O meu tio veio visitar-nos.
- Comparison: Similar to 'tia' vs 'prima', 'tio' is a generation above 'primo'.
- Irmã (Sister)
- A sister is a female sibling, sharing the same parents. A cousin is from a different branch of the family tree.
- Example: A minha irmã é mais velha que eu.
- Comparison: 'Irmã' implies a direct sibling relationship, while 'prima' implies a more distant, albeit still familial, connection.
- Sobrinha (Niece)
- A niece is the daughter of one's sibling. She is a generation below you, whereas a cousin is on the same generation level.
- Example: A minha sobrinha adora desenhar.
- Comparison: 'Sobrinha' is the child of your sibling; 'prima' is the child of your aunt or uncle.
- Amiga (Female Friend)
- While close friends might sometimes be referred to with affectionate terms, 'amiga' is the standard word for a female friend. Using 'prima' for a non-relative friend would be unusual and potentially confusing.
- Example: Ela é a minha melhor amiga.
- Comparison: 'Prima' denotes a blood relation; 'amiga' denotes a relationship based on companionship.
Understanding these related terms will help you build a comprehensive vocabulary for discussing family and social connections in Portuguese.
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The concept of 'first' in 'prima' relates to the idea of a first cousin being a first-degree relative outside of the immediate sibling group, stemming from a common set of grandparents. This 'firstness' is preserved in the term.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing the 'r' as a hard English 'r'.
- Making the 'i' sound too long.
- Adding aspiration to the 'p' sound.
- Pronouncing the final 'a' as in 'ape' instead of 'ah'.
난이도
At the A1 level, 'prima' is one of the first family-related nouns learners encounter. It's usually presented in simple, repetitive sentence structures, making it easy to understand in context.
Basic usage is straightforward. Learners need to remember the feminine gender and the plural form 'primas'. Agreement with articles and possessives is the main challenge.
Pronunciation is relatively simple. The main challenge is remembering to use 'prima' for female cousins and 'primo' for male cousins.
The word is common and usually pronounced clearly in spoken Portuguese. Context will quickly identify it as referring to a female cousin.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Gender agreement of nouns and adjectives.
A prima (feminine noun) é alta (feminine adjective).
Pluralization of nouns ending in -a.
prima -> primas
Agreement of articles and possessives with nouns.
A minha prima (not 'O meu primo').
penggunaan of definite and indefinite articles.
Conheci uma prima. A prima é simpática.
Subject-verb agreement.
A prima mora. As primas moram.
수준별 예문
Esta é a minha prima.
This is my female cousin.
'Esta' (this) agrees with 'prima' (feminine singular).
A minha prima gosta de cães.
My female cousin likes dogs.
'minha' (my) agrees with 'prima' (feminine singular).
Tenho uma prima.
I have one female cousin.
'uma' (a/one) is a feminine indefinite article.
Ela é a minha prima.
She is my female cousin.
'Ela' (she) refers to the female cousin.
Onde está a prima?
Where is the female cousin?
The definite article 'a' is used for a specific, known female cousin.
A prima mora aqui.
The female cousin lives here.
'mora' is the verb 'to live' conjugated for the third person singular.
A prima é alta.
The female cousin is tall.
'alta' (tall) is a feminine adjective.
Sim, a minha prima.
Yes, my female cousin.
Short, affirmative response including the term.
A minha prima Joana vive em Lisboa.
My cousin Joana lives in Lisbon.
Combining a name with the relationship term and a location.
Tenho duas primas que são gémeas.
I have two cousins who are twins.
'duas primas' (two female cousins) - plural usage.
A minha prima adora ler livros.
My cousin loves reading books.
Describing an action or hobby of the cousin.
Vamos visitar a nossa prima no próximo fim de semana.
We are going to visit our cousin next weekend.
'nossa' (our) agrees with 'prima'.
O teu primo e a tua prima estão aqui.
Your male cousin and your female cousin are here.
Distinguishing between 'primo' and 'prima'.
A prima dela é muito engraçada.
Her cousin is very funny.
'dela' (her) indicates possession.
As primas jogam futebol juntas.
The female cousins play football together.
Plural subject performing an action.
Preciso de falar com a minha prima sobre o projeto.
I need to talk to my cousin about the project.
Using 'prima' in the context of needing to communicate.
A minha prima em primeiro grau, que mora no Canadá, vem visitar-nos no verão.
My first cousin, who lives in Canada, is coming to visit us in the summer.
Specifying the degree of cousinship and adding more details.
Conversámos com a nossa prima sobre os planos para as férias de verão.
We talked with our cousin about the plans for the summer holidays.
Using 'prima' in a narrative about planning.
A minha prima mais velha sempre me deu bons conselhos.
My older cousin always gave me good advice.
Adding descriptive adjectives like 'mais velha' (older).
Ela tem uma prima que é atriz famosa.
She has a cousin who is a famous actress.
Introducing a cousin with a notable profession.
O que é que a tua prima faz como profissão?
What does your cousin do for a profession?
Asking about a cousin's occupation.
As minhas primas e eu somos muito unidas.
My cousins and I are very close.
Expressing closeness within a group of cousins.
A casa da minha prima é cheia de plantas.
My cousin's house is full of plants.
Describing the environment of a cousin's home.
Ele apresentou-me à sua prima que veio de visita.
He introduced me to his cousin who came to visit.
Describing an introduction to a cousin.
A dinâmica familiar mudou significativamente após a chegada da prima que estava a viver no estrangeiro.
The family dynamic changed significantly after the arrival of the cousin who was living abroad.
Using 'prima' in a more complex sentence discussing family dynamics.
Temos uma tradição familiar onde todas as primas se reúnem anualmente para celebrar o aniversário da avó.
We have a family tradition where all the cousins gather annually to celebrate the grandmother's birthday.
Describing a specific family tradition involving cousins.
A minha prima, que é advogada, ajudou-me a resolver um problema legal.
My cousin, who is a lawyer, helped me resolve a legal issue.
Using a relative clause to provide more information about the cousin's profession.
A influência da minha prima mais velha foi crucial na minha decisão de estudar arquitetura.
The influence of my older cousin was crucial in my decision to study architecture.
Discussing the impact of a cousin's influence.
É fascinante observar como as minhas primas, apesar de viverem em continentes diferentes, mantêm uma ligação forte.
It's fascinating to observe how my cousins, despite living on different continents, maintain a strong connection.
Reflecting on long-distance relationships with cousins.
A minha prima mais nova tem um talento inato para a música.
My younger cousin has an innate talent for music.
Describing a cousin's specific talent.
O reencontro com as minhas primas de infância foi uma experiência emocionante.
The reunion with my childhood cousins was an emotional experience.
Recounting a reunion with childhood cousins.
Considero a minha prima uma das minhas melhores amigas, dada a nossa proximidade e confiança mútua.
I consider my cousin one of my best friends, given our closeness and mutual trust.
Expressing a close bond with a cousin, blurring the lines between family and friendship.
A ascensão social da minha prima permitiu-lhe aceder a oportunidades que antes eram impensáveis para a nossa família.
My cousin's social advancement allowed her to access opportunities that were previously unthinkable for our family.
Discussing socio-economic progress related to a cousin.
As memórias partilhadas com a minha prima durante as férias de verão na aldeia natal continuam a moldar a minha perspetiva sobre a vida.
The shared memories with my cousin during summer holidays in our hometown continue to shape my perspective on life.
Reflecting on formative childhood experiences with a cousin.
A minha prima, com a sua perspicácia notável, conseguiu desvendar o mistério por trás das recentes ocorrências.
My cousin, with her remarkable insight, managed to unravel the mystery behind the recent occurrences.
Highlighting a cousin's intellectual or problem-solving abilities.
A complexa teia de relações familiares tornou a tarefa de organizar o casamento da prima numa verdadeira aventura diplomática.
The complex web of family relationships made the task of organizing the cousin's wedding a true diplomatic adventure.
Using figurative language to describe family dynamics during an event.
A resiliência demonstrada pela minha prima face às adversidades é uma inspiração para todos nós.
The resilience shown by my cousin in the face of adversity is an inspiration to us all.
Admiring a cousin's strength and perseverance.
A minha prima, que sempre teve uma veia artística apurada, decidiu dedicar-se profissionalmente à pintura.
My cousin, who always had a refined artistic streak, decided to dedicate herself professionally to painting.
Describing a cousin's artistic calling.
A intergeracionalidade manifesta-se de forma particularmente interessante nas interações entre as minhas primas mais novas e a nossa tia-avó.
Intergenerationality manifests itself in a particularly interesting way in the interactions between my younger cousins and our great-aunt.
Analyzing intergenerational dynamics involving cousins.
A influência cultural exercida pela minha prima, que viveu muitos anos no Japão, trouxe novas perspetivas para o nosso círculo familiar.
The cultural influence exerted by my cousin, who lived many years in Japan, brought new perspectives to our family circle.
Discussing cross-cultural influences from a cousin.
A genealogia da nossa família revela uma intrincada rede de alianças e descendências, onde a figura da 'prima' assume papéis multifacetados ao longo das gerações.
Our family's genealogy reveals an intricate network of alliances and descents, where the figure of the 'cousin' assumes multifaceted roles across generations.
Using 'prima' in a highly academic context discussing genealogy and roles.
A minha prima, uma renomada historiadora, publicou recentemente um estudo pormenorizado sobre as migrações familiares no século XIX, detalhando as complexas relações entre os ramos da nossa linhagem.
My cousin, a renowned historian, recently published a detailed study on family migrations in the 19th century, detailing the complex relationships between the branches of our lineage.
Referencing a cousin's academic achievements and scholarly work.
A serendipidade levou-me a reencontrar uma prima distante em circunstâncias inesperadas, reavivando laços que o tempo parecia ter desvanecido.
Serendipity led me to unexpectedly encounter a distant cousin, rekindling bonds that time seemed to have faded.
Using sophisticated vocabulary like 'serendipidade' and 'desvanecido' in relation to a cousin.
A psicanálise familiar sugere que as dinâmicas estabelecidas entre primos na infância podem ter repercussões duradouras na formação da identidade adulta.
Family psychoanalysis suggests that the dynamics established between cousins in childhood can have lasting repercussions on the formation of adult identity.
Applying psychological concepts to cousin relationships.
A minha prima, uma visionária no campo da biotecnologia, lidera atualmente uma equipa de investigação que promete revolucionar o tratamento de doenças genéticas.
My cousin, a visionary in the field of biotechnology, currently leads a research team that promises to revolutionize the treatment of genetic diseases.
Describing a cousin's groundbreaking professional achievements.
A narrativa literária explora frequentemente a ambivalência dos laços de parentesco, como no caso da relação conflituosa entre os protagonistas e as suas respectivas primas.
Literary narrative often explores the ambivalence of kinship ties, as in the case of the conflictual relationship between the protagonists and their respective cousins.
Analyzing the role of cousins in literary works.
A minha prima, com uma eloquência notável, defendeu apaixonadamente a causa dos direitos humanos numa conferência internacional.
My cousin, with remarkable eloquence, passionately defended the cause of human rights at an international conference.
Highlighting a cousin's rhetorical skills and advocacy.
A interconexão global e a facilidade de comunicação moderna têm, paradoxalmente, fortalecido os laços com primas que residem em geografias remotas.
Global interconnection and the ease of modern communication have, paradoxically, strengthened ties with cousins residing in remote geographies.
Discussing the impact of globalization on family relationships with cousins.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— First cousin.
Ele é meu primo em primeiro grau e ela é minha prima em primeiro grau.
— My favorite female cousin.
Ela é a minha prima favorita porque é muito divertida.
자주 혼동되는 단어
This is the most common confusion, as 'primo' means male cousin. Learners must remember the gender distinction.
While both are female relatives, 'irmã' means sister (sharing the same parents), whereas 'prima' refers to a daughter of an aunt or uncle.
While close friends might be treated like family, 'amiga' specifically means 'female friend' and lacks the familial connection implied by 'prima'.
관용어 및 표현
— To be very close, like cousins, often used for close female friends who aren't actually related.
Nós somos como primas, crescemos juntas.
Informal— Literally 'child of aunt/uncle', this is a descriptive way to refer to a cousin, though 'prima' or 'primo' are more direct.
Ela é a filha da tia Maria, a minha prima.
Descriptive— To have many female cousins. Can sometimes imply a large, interconnected family.
Ele tem sorte, tem muitas primas para o ajudar.
General혼동하기 쉬운
Both words refer to cousins and differ only in gender.
'Prima' is exclusively used for a female cousin, the daughter of an aunt or uncle. 'Primo' is exclusively used for a male cousin, the son of an aunt or uncle. Both words denote the same degree of familial relation.
A minha prima adora dançar. O meu primo adora jogar futebol.
Both are female relatives, but belong to different generations.
'Prima' refers to a female cousin, who is on the same generation level as you (daughter of your aunt/uncle). 'Tia' refers to your aunt, who is a generation above you (sister of your parent).
A minha tia é irmã do meu pai. A minha prima é filha dessa tia.
Both are female relatives, but belong to different generations and lines of descent.
'Prima' is the daughter of your aunt or uncle (same generation). 'Sobrinha' is the daughter of your sibling (one generation below you).
A minha sobrinha é a filha do meu irmão. A minha prima é a filha da minha tia.
Both are female individuals connected to the speaker, but through different types of relationships.
'Prima' denotes a blood relation (daughter of aunt/uncle). 'Afilhada' refers to a goddaughter, someone baptized by the speaker or their spouse, implying a godparent relationship, not necessarily a blood relation.
A minha prima veio visitar. A minha afilhada recebeu o batismo.
Both can refer to people you interact with regularly, but the nature of the relationship is fundamentally different.
'Prima' specifically denotes a familial relationship (female cousin). 'Colega' refers to a colleague, classmate, or someone you associate with in a professional, academic, or social setting, but without a familial bond.
A minha prima trabalha comigo. O meu colega de trabalho é simpático.
문장 패턴
This is my [prima].
Esta é a minha prima.
My [prima] likes [noun].
A minha prima gosta de gatos.
I have [number] [primas].
Tenho duas primas.
My [prima] lives in [place].
A minha prima mora em Coimbra.
My [prima] who is [description] is [doing something].
A minha prima mais velha está a estudar.
We are going to visit my [prima].
Vamos visitar a minha prima no sábado.
The [prima] of [person] is known for [characteristic].
A prima do meu pai é conhecida pela sua generosidade.
I consider my [prima] as a [role/person].
Considero a minha prima uma grande amiga.
어휘 가족
명사
관련
사용법
Very high. 'Prima' is a common word used frequently in everyday conversations about family.
-
Using 'prima' for a male cousin.
→
Primo
This is a gender error. 'Prima' is exclusively feminine. If the cousin is male, 'primo' must be used. Example: 'O meu primo é alto.'
-
Incorrect pluralization: 'prima' instead of 'primas'.
→
Primas
When referring to more than one female cousin, the plural form 'primas' must be used. Example: 'As minhas primas vieram visitar.'
-
Incorrect agreement with articles/possessives: 'O minha prima'.
→
A minha prima
Articles and possessives must agree in gender and number with the noun. Since 'prima' is feminine singular, use 'a' and 'minha'.
-
Confusing 'prima' with 'tia' or 'sobrinha'.
→
Prima
'Prima' refers to a cousin (same generation). 'Tia' is an aunt (one generation up). 'Sobrinha' is a niece (one generation down). Example: 'A tia é a irmã do pai, a prima é a filha da tia.'
-
Using 'prima' for a close female friend.
→
Amiga
'Prima' denotes a blood relation. While friends can be like family, the correct term for a female friend is 'amiga'. Example: 'Ela é a minha melhor amiga, não a minha prima.'
팁
Gender Agreement is Key
Remember that 'prima' is a feminine noun. This means any articles (like 'a', 'uma') or adjectives describing her must also be feminine. For example, 'a prima alta' (the tall cousin), not 'o primo alto'.
Learn the Counterpart
Immediately learn 'primo' (male cousin) alongside 'prima'. This will help you distinguish between male and female cousins and avoid errors in conversation.
Context is Your Friend
Listen for 'prima' in conversations about family. The context will usually make it clear who is being referred to. Pay attention to possessives like 'minha prima' (my cousin) or 'sua prima' (his/her/your cousin).
Tap That 'R'
The 'r' in 'prima' is typically a tapped sound (like the 'dd' in American English 'ladder'), not a hard English 'r'. Practice saying 'PRI-ma' with a light tap.
Connect to 'Prime'
Think of 'prima' as related to 'prime'. Your cousins are 'prime' members of your family circle. This connection can help you remember the word and its meaning.
Family is Important
In Portuguese-speaking cultures, family ties are strong. Understanding terms like 'prima' is key to participating in family discussions and showing respect for these relationships.
Write Sentences
Write sentences using 'prima' in different contexts: introducing a cousin, describing her, or talking about meeting her. This active recall reinforces learning.
Distinguish from Sister
Remember that 'prima' is not 'irmã' (sister). A sister shares the same parents, while a cousin's parents are your aunts and uncles.
Forming the Plural
To refer to more than one female cousin, add an 's' to make it 'primas'. For example, 'As minhas primas estão aqui.'
Specify Degree
For more distant cousins, you can add qualifiers like 'em segundo grau' (second cousin) or 'em terceiro grau' (third cousin) to 'prima' for greater precision.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a 'prime' actress, who is often the 'first' star of a show. This 'prime' actress is a 'prima' woman – your female cousin. The word 'prime' sounds similar to 'prima' and reminds you it's a primary family member, specifically a female cousin.
시각적 연상
Picture a 'prince' and 'princess' at a royal wedding. The princess is the 'prima' (female cousin) to the prince. Alternatively, think of the word 'prime' like a 'prime' number – it's fundamental and important, like your female cousin.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to introduce three of your female cousins (real or imaginary) using the word 'prima' and describing one characteristic for each. For example: 'Esta é a minha prima Sofia, ela adora pintar.' (This is my cousin Sofia, she loves to paint.)
어원
The word 'prima' comes from the Latin word 'prīma', which is the feminine form of 'prīmus', meaning 'first'. In Roman times, 'prīma' could refer to the first-born daughter or, more broadly, to a principal or foremost woman. Over time, its meaning evolved in Vulgar Latin and subsequently in Portuguese to specifically denote a first cousin.
원래 의미: First (feminine)
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Portuguese문화적 맥락
The term 'prima' is neutral and widely used. There are no specific sensitivities associated with its use, other than ensuring correct gender agreement (using 'prima' for females and 'primo' for males).
In English-speaking cultures, the term 'cousin' is gender-neutral. While we might specify 'female cousin' for clarity, 'cousin' is the default. Portuguese requires a gendered distinction ('prima' vs. 'primo'), reflecting a more explicit grammatical gender system.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Introducing family members
- Esta é a minha prima.
- Queres conhecer a minha prima?
- Apresento-te a minha prima.
Talking about family events
- A minha prima vem à festa.
- Vamos todos visitar a prima.
- As primas organizaram tudo.
Describing relatives
- A minha prima mora em Lisboa.
- Ela é a minha prima mais velha.
- Tenho duas primas.
Asking about family
- Tens primas?
- Onde mora a tua prima?
- Como se chama a tua prima?
Expressing affection for family
- Adoro a minha prima!
- A minha prima é como uma irmã.
- Sinto falta da minha prima.
대화 시작하기
"Tell me about your family. Do you have any cousins?"
"What's your favorite memory with your cousins?"
"Are your cousins close in age to you?"
"Do you often see your cousins?"
"What's one fun thing you've done with your cousins?"
일기 주제
Write a short paragraph introducing your female cousins (real or imagined) and one interesting fact about each of them.
Describe a memorable family gathering where your cousins played a significant role. What happened?
Imagine you are writing a letter to your childhood cousin. What would you say?
Reflect on the importance of cousins in your life or in general. How do they contribute to family bonds?
Describe a time when a cousin helped you or gave you advice. How did it make you feel?
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문Primarily, 'prima' refers to a first cousin (the daughter of your aunt or uncle). However, it can also be used more broadly for more distant female cousins. In such cases, it's often specified, like 'prima em segundo grau' (second cousin) or 'prima em terceiro grau' (third cousin), to clarify the exact relationship.
The male equivalent of 'prima' is 'primo'. So, 'prima' is for a female cousin, and 'primo' is for a male cousin. Both refer to the child of your aunt or uncle.
Generally, no. 'Prima' strictly refers to a female cousin. While very close female friends might sometimes be affectionately called 'primas' in informal contexts (like 'somos como primas' - we are like cousins), the correct word for a female friend is 'amiga'.
If your cousin is female, you say 'a minha prima'. If your cousin is male, you say 'o meu primo'. Remember that the possessive ('minha'/'meu') and the article ('a'/'o') must agree in gender with the noun ('prima'/'primo').
'Primas irmãs' translates to 'cousins who are sisters'. This term is used when two or more female cousins are also sisters to each other, meaning their parents are siblings. For example, if your father and your uncle have daughters, those daughters are your 'primas' and also 'primas irmãs' to each other.
Yes, the word 'prima' is standard and universally understood in all Portuguese-speaking countries, including Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, and others. It's a fundamental term for family relationships.
Your grandmother's sister is your great-aunt ('tia-avó'). Her daughter is your first cousin once removed, but in Portuguese, the term 'prima' is often used more broadly. For precision, it might be specified as 'prima em segundo grau' or similar, depending on the exact genealogical distance, but 'prima' is the foundational term.
The plural of 'prima' is 'primas'. This is used when referring to two or more female cousins.
The core pronunciation is very similar, with the stress on the first syllable ('PRI-ma'). Regional variations might exist in the exact vowel sounds or the pronunciation of the 'r', but the word itself is easily recognizable across Portuguese-speaking regions.
'Prima' is the general term for female cousin. 'Prima de primeiro grau' (or 'prima em primeiro grau') specifically means 'first cousin'. While 'prima' often implies a first cousin, the addition of 'de primeiro grau' makes it explicit.
셀프 테스트 10 질문
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The Portuguese word 'prima' is a fundamental noun meaning 'female cousin'. It specifically refers to the daughter of one's aunt or uncle and is essential for discussing family relationships in Portuguese-speaking cultures.
- Prima: Portuguese for female cousin.
- Used for daughter of aunt or uncle.
- Feminine noun.
- Essential for family discussions.
Gender Agreement is Key
Remember that 'prima' is a feminine noun. This means any articles (like 'a', 'uma') or adjectives describing her must also be feminine. For example, 'a prima alta' (the tall cousin), not 'o primo alto'.
Learn the Counterpart
Immediately learn 'primo' (male cousin) alongside 'prima'. This will help you distinguish between male and female cousins and avoid errors in conversation.
Context is Your Friend
Listen for 'prima' in conversations about family. The context will usually make it clear who is being referred to. Pay attention to possessives like 'minha prima' (my cousin) or 'sua prima' (his/her/your cousin).
Tap That 'R'
The 'r' in 'prima' is typically a tapped sound (like the 'dd' in American English 'ladder'), not a hard English 'r'. Practice saying 'PRI-ma' with a light tap.
관련 콘텐츠
이 단어를 다른 언어로
family 관련 단어
à medida que
A2As; at the same time that.
abençoado
A2그는 축복받은 사람입니다.
abrigo
A2피난처는 산속에 있습니다.
acarinhar
A2애정 어린 손길로 어루만지거나 아끼다.
aceito
A2수락된; 일반적으로 인정되거나 합의된. '그 제안은 aceito 되었다' (그 제안은 수락되었다).
acenar
A2인사나 동의를 위해 손이나 머리로 신호를 보내는 것 (손을 흔들다, 고개를 끄덕이다).
acolher
A2To receive (a guest or new member) with pleasure and hospitality.
acolhimento
A2따뜻한 환영, 수용. '그 호텔의 환대는 정말 훌륭했습니다.'
acolitar
B2돕거나 동행하며 도움, 지원 또는 동료 의식을 제공하는 것. / 특정 노력, 어려움 또는 기간 동안 적극적이고 협력적인 태도로 개인이나 그룹에게 도움, 지원 또는 동료 의식을 제공하는 것.
acomodar
A2'acomodar'는 누군가에게 숙소를 제공하거나 물건을 놓을 공간을 마련하는 것을 의미합니다.
