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B1 verb #4,200 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

抵消

dixiao 상위 4,200

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 抵消 30초 만에

설명 抵消 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '抵消' (dǐxiāo) is a bit advanced, but you can think of it as a 'plus' and a 'minus' working together to make 'zero.' Imagine you have one apple (+1) and someone takes it away (-1). Now you have zero apples. In Chinese, we say the two actions 'dǐxiāo' each other. You don't need to use this word in daily greetings, but it's helpful to know it means 'to balance out.' For example, if you eat a big hamburger but then walk for two hours, the walking 'dǐxiāo' the hamburger's energy. It's about two things that are opposites making everything even again. Think of it like a game where two teams have the same score, so they are tied. They 'dǐxiāo' each other's points.

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For A2 learners, '抵消' is a useful word for talking about simple balances. You might use it when talking about money or effort. For example, 'I earned 10 dollars, but I spent 10 dollars.' The spending 'dǐxiāo' the earning. It's a verb. You can use it like this: 'A 抵消了 B.' It means A made the effect of B go away because A is the opposite of B. It is common in simple science or when talking about health. If you feel cold and you drink hot water, the heat 'dǐxiāo' some of the cold. It helps you describe why something didn't change even though something happened. It's a more 'grown-up' way to say things balanced out compared to just saying 'even' (一样).

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At the B1 level, you should start using '抵消' in professional or academic contexts. It means 'to offset' or 'to counteract.' This is very common in business. For example, if a company's sales go up, but the price of gas also goes up, the gas price might '抵消' the extra money from sales. You will see it in the structure '被...抵消' (offset by...). It's also used in physics to describe forces. If two people push a door from different sides with the same strength, the forces '抵消' each other. This word is important because it shows you understand that one thing can have an opposing effect on another. It’s more precise than '消除' (to eliminate) because it implies a struggle between two opposing sides.

At the B2 level, '抵消' is a standard part of your vocabulary for discussing complex topics like economics, social issues, and psychology. You should understand that it implies a neutralization of effects. In a debate, you might say a person's good arguments were '抵消' by their bad behavior. In environmental science, you'll hear about 'carbon offsetting' (碳抵消). You should also be comfortable using it with '相互' (xiānghù) to mean 'mutually cancel out.' For example, 'These two factors mutually offset' (这两个因素相互抵消). You are expected to distinguish it from '补偿' (to compensate) and '消除' (to eliminate). It's a key word for describing equilibrium and the unintended consequences of actions where one effect nullifies another.

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For C1 learners, '抵消' should be used with nuance in formal writing and high-level discourse. It often appears in analyses of market trends, legal arguments, and philosophical discussions. You might use it to describe how a policy's benefits are 'systemically offset' by structural inefficiencies. It is also used metaphorically in literature to describe a character's internal conflict where opposing emotions '抵消' each other, leaving them feeling numb. At this level, you should be able to use it in complex passive structures and understand its role in 'hedging' strategies in finance. You should also recognize it in classical-sounding four-character phrases or as part of more complex vocabulary like '抵消项目' (offsetting items).

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At the C2 level, '抵消' is a tool for precise conceptual mapping. You use it to describe the intricate ways in which global forces, historical trends, or complex mathematical variables interact to reach a state of stasis or nullification. You might discuss how 'the inflationary pressures of the decade were almost perfectly offset by technological leaps in productivity.' It's about the elegance of the balance. You should be able to use it fluently in academic papers, legal contracts (especially regarding the 'set-off' of mutual debts), and high-level political analysis. You understand the subtle difference between '抵消' and '对冲' (hedging) or '稀释' (dilution), choosing the exact word to describe how one influence mitigates another to the point of neutralization.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

抵消 30초 만에

抵消 (dǐxiāo) means to counteract, offset, or cancel out. It is used when two opposing forces or effects neutralize each other.
Commonly used in finance (offsetting losses), physics (canceling forces), and social contexts (balancing merits and faults).
Grammatically, it often appears as 'A 抵消 B' or in the passive 'A 被 B 抵消'. It can also be used with '相互' (mutually).
It differs from '取消' (cancel an event) and '消除' (completely remove). It specifically implies a balancing act between opposites.

The Chinese word 抵消 (dǐxiāo) is a sophisticated verb that translates to 'to counteract,' 'to offset,' or 'to cancel out.' At its core, it describes a dynamic where two opposing forces, quantities, or effects meet and neutralize one another. Imagine a scale where you add weight to one side and then an equal weight to the other; the second action dǐxiāo-s the first, returning the scale to balance. This isn't just about physical objects, though. It is most frequently used in abstract contexts like finance, physics, psychology, and social interactions. For instance, if a company makes a huge profit in one department but suffers an equal loss in another, the loss dǐxiāo-s the profit, resulting in a net zero change. This word is essential for B1 learners and above because it allows you to describe complex relationships beyond simple addition or subtraction.

Economic Context: In business, it refers to costs being covered by gains. For example, 'The increase in sales offset the rising cost of raw materials' (销售额的增长抵消了原材料成本的上升).
Scientific Application: In physics or mathematics, it describes vectors or forces that nullify each other. Two equal forces pushing in opposite directions will 'dǐxiāo' each other out.
Interpersonal Dynamics: It can describe how a person's good deeds might 'offset' their previous mistakes, or how a negative comment might 'cancel out' the joy of a compliment.

他的努力工作抵消了之前的延误。(His hard work offset the previous delays.)

The word is composed of two characters: 抵 (dǐ), meaning to resist, sustain, or be equal to, and 消 (xiāo), meaning to disappear, eliminate, or consume. Together, they paint a picture of 'resisting until something disappears.' It is a formal yet common word, appearing in news reports, academic papers, and professional discussions. Unlike the simpler '消除' (xiāochú), which means to eliminate something entirely (like a bug or a problem), 抵消 specifically requires two opposing sides to be involved in the process of neutralization.

这两种药物的作用相互抵消了。(The effects of these two drugs cancelled each other out.)

Daily Life Usage: Think about dieting: 'If I eat this cake, I need to run 5km to offset the calories' (如果我吃这块蛋糕，我需要跑五公里来抵消这些热量).

When using this word, remember that it usually implies a zero-sum game. If the opposing force is much stronger, it doesn't just '抵消'; it 'overwhelms.' Therefore, 抵消 is most precise when the two forces are relatively comparable in magnitude. It is a transitive verb, meaning it can take a direct object (抵消+Object), or it can be used with '相互' (xiānghù - mutually) to show a reciprocal effect.

Using 抵消 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. It can function in several sentence structures, primarily focusing on the relationship between two entities. The most common structure is A 抵消了 B, where A is the force that neutralizes B. Another common pattern is A 和 B 相互抵消, indicating that two things cancel each other out simultaneously.

加薪增加的收入被物价上涨抵消了。(The income from the raise was offset by the rising prices.)

Note the use of the passive marker 被 (bèi) in the example above. This is a very frequent way to use 抵消 in professional writing. It emphasizes that a positive gain was unfortunately nullified by an external negative factor. In contrast, when used actively, it often sounds more strategic: 'We must find a way to offset these losses' (我们必须找到一种方法来抵消这些损失).

Pattern 1: Direct Object: Subject + 抵消 + Object (e.g., 优点抵消了缺点 - Merits offset the flaws).
Pattern 2: Passive Construction: A + 被 + B + 抵消 (e.g., 利润被开支抵消 - Profit was offset by expenses).
Pattern 3: Mutual Action: A 和 B (相互) 抵消 (e.g., 正负电荷相互抵消 - Positive and negative charges cancel each other out).

In academic contexts, 抵消 is used to describe theoretical equilibrium. In physics, for example, vectors of equal magnitude and opposite direction '抵消' each other. In economics, 'hedging' (套期保值) is essentially a strategy to use one financial position to 抵消 the risk of another. This makes the word indispensable for students of STEM or Business Chinese.

这种新政策带来的好处可能会被高税收抵消。(The benefits brought by this new policy might be offset by high taxes.)

Finally, consider the emotional or psychological usage. If someone is very kind but also very rude, people might say their kindness is '抵消' by their rudeness. It implies a moral tallying system where actions are weighed against each other. This abstract usage is common in literature and high-level social commentary.

You are likely to encounter 抵消 in several specific real-world environments. It is not typically a word used in casual 'slang,' but it is ubiquitous in professional and intellectual life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the 'vibe' of the word—it carries a sense of logic, calculation, and balance.

News and Financial Reports: This is the most frequent home for the word. News anchors discussing the economy will often say things like, 'The drop in oil prices was offset by the rise in transportation costs' (油价的下跌被运输成本的上升抵消了). It's used to explain why a seemingly positive or negative change didn't result in the expected outcome.
Academic Lectures and Textbooks: In science, math, or social science classes, professors use 抵消 to describe systems in equilibrium. If you are studying engineering in Chinese, you will hear it constantly regarding structural forces or electrical currents.
Corporate Meetings: During quarterly reviews, managers use it to discuss performance. 'Our success in the Asian market was unfortunately offset by poor performance in Europe.' It sounds professional and analytical.

噪音消除耳机利用声波抵消原理来减少环境杂音。(Noise-canceling headphones use the principle of sound wave cancellation to reduce ambient noise.)

In everyday life, you might hear it in the context of health and fitness. Chinese fitness influencers often talk about '抵消热量' (offsetting calories). For example, 'If you drink milk tea, you need to walk 10,000 steps to offset it.' It's also used in discussions about carbon footprints—'carbon offsetting' is translated as '碳抵消' (tàn dǐxiāo). This is a modern, globally relevant term that you will see in environmental reports and on airline websites when they offer to plant trees to balance your flight's emissions.

虽然他赢了比赛，但高昂的报名费抵消了奖金。(Although he won the race, the high registration fee offset the prize money.)

Lastly, in legal or formal disputes, 抵消 might be used regarding debts. If Person A owes Person B 100 yuan, but Person B also owes Person A 100 yuan, the debts '抵消' each other. This is a very precise, formal way to describe the resolution of mutual obligations.

While 抵消 is a powerful word, it is frequently misused by English speakers who translate 'cancel' or 'eliminate' too literally. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid when incorporating this word into your Chinese vocabulary.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 取消 (qǔxiāo): This is the #1 error. In English, you 'cancel' a meeting and you 'cancel' a force. In Chinese, these are different. You use 取消 for events, plans, or memberships. You use 抵消 for effects, forces, or values.
❌ 我抵消了我们的约会。(Incorrect)
✅ 我取消了我们的约会。(Correct)
Mistake 2: Confusing with 消除 (xiāochú): 消除 means to get rid of something entirely, like 'eliminating' stress or 'removing' a misunderstanding. 抵消 requires an opposing force. If you just want to say a problem is gone, use 消除. If you want to say a positive thing was ruined by a negative thing, use 抵消.
Mistake 3: Using it for People: You cannot '抵消' a person. You can only offset their influence or their actions. For example, you can't say 'He was offset by his brother.' You should say 'His influence was offset by his brother's influence.'

❌ 这种药可以抵消痛觉。(Incorrect usage: Use 消除 pain instead.)
✅ 这种药可以消除痛觉。(Correct: The medicine eliminates the pain.)

Another nuance is the 'direction' of the cancellation. 抵消 usually implies that the result is zero or neutral. If you use it to describe something that simply 'reduced' an effect but didn't cancel it out, it might sound slightly exaggerated. However, in modern usage, it is often used for partial offsets as well, as long as the 'opposing' nature is clear.

Finally, watch out for the preposition usage. While English says 'offset by,' Chinese often uses the passive '被...抵消' or '与...抵消.' Don't forget the '被' (bèi) or '与' (yǔ) when connecting the two entities, or the sentence will feel incomplete.

Chinese has several words that touch upon the idea of 'canceling' or 'balancing.' Choosing the right one depends on the context and the specific nuance you want to convey. Here is a breakdown of 抵消 vs. its closest relatives.

抵消 vs. 补偿 (bǔcháng): 抵消: Neutralizes an effect (often negative). Result is zero.
补偿: Compensates for a loss. It involves giving something back to make up for what was lost. If a flight is delayed, the airline gives you a meal voucher to 补偿 you. If the voucher's value equals your frustration, it might 抵消 the bad mood.
抵消 vs. 消除 (xiāochú): 抵消: Requires two forces fighting each other to a draw.
消除: One force simply removes the other. You '消除' a misunderstanding or '消除' a threat. There is no 'balancing' act; it's just gone.
抵消 vs. 抵偿 (dǐcháng): 抵偿: This is very specific to debts or crimes. It means to pay back or 'atone' for something with an equivalent value. You might 抵偿 a debt with labor.

他的勤奋抵消了天赋的不足。(His diligence offset his lack of talent.)

In more formal or literary settings, you might encounter 抵牾 (dǐwǔ), which means to conflict or contradict, but it doesn't necessarily mean they cancel each other out. You might also see 中和 (zhōnghé), which is the scientific term for 'neutralize,' specifically in chemistry (like acid and base). While 抵消 is used for general forces, 中和 is the correct term for chemical neutralization.

Understanding these distinctions is what separates intermediate learners from advanced speakers. Using 抵消 in a situation that requires 补偿 might make you sound like you are treating a human favor like a math problem. Conversely, using 消除 in a scientific context where two forces are balancing might sound imprecise. Practice by looking at financial news—they almost always use 抵消 when discussing market fluctuations.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In ancient texts, '抵' was often used to describe physical propping or supporting, like a pillar supporting a roof. '消' was used for the melting of ice. So, '抵消' is like using a pillar of heat to melt a block of ice—two opposing elements meeting.

발음 가이드

UK dǐ xiāo

US dǐ xiāo

In Mandarin, syllables generally have equal weight, but the third tone 'dǐ' requires more time to complete its pitch contour.

라임이 맞는 단어

目标 (mùbiāo) 提高 (tígāo) 糟糕 (zāogāo) 逍遥 (xiāoyáo) 燃料 (ránliào - partial) 消耗 (xiāohào - same first char) 取消 (qǔxiāo - same second char) 销售 (xiāoshòu - same first char)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'xiāo' as 'xiǎo' (third tone), which changes the meaning.
Failing to dip the pitch enough on 'dǐ', making it sound like 'dī' (first tone).

난이도

독해 3/5

The characters are relatively common, but the abstract meaning requires context.

쓰기 4/5

Writing '抵' and '消' requires attention to stroke order and radicals (hand and water).

말하기 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but using it correctly in context is key.

듣기 3/5

Easily recognized in formal news or business contexts.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

增加 (zēngjiā) 减少 (jiǎnshǎo) 平衡 (pínghéng) 影响 (yǐngxiǎng) 作用 (zuòyòng)

다음에 배울 것

对冲 (duìchōng) 弥补 (míbǔ) 中和 (zhōnghé) 制衡 (zhìhéng) 抵押 (dǐyā)

고급

轧差 (gázhā) 损益 (sǔnyì) 均衡 (jūnhéng) 对等 (duìděng)

알아야 할 문법

Passive voice with 被 (bèi)

他的优势被对方抵消了。

Mutual action with 相互 (xiānghù)

两种效应相互抵消。

Resultative 了 (le)

这一笔账已经抵消了。

Using 为了 (wèile) for purpose

为了抵消成本，我们需要涨价。

Using 并 (bìng) for emphasis in negative sentences

这并不能抵消他的过失。

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수준별 예문

一加一减，互相抵消。

One plus and one minus cancel each other out.

Simple use of 互相 (mutually) + 抵消.

他的好抵消了他的坏。

His good offset his bad.

A 抵消 B structure.

热风抵消了冷气。

The hot wind offset the cold air.

Subject + Verb + Object.

这十块钱抵消了那十块钱。

These ten yuan offset those ten yuan.

Basic noun phrase as subject.

运动抵消了蛋糕的热量。

Exercise offset the calories of the cake.

Simple causal relationship.

两个力抵消了。

The two forces canceled out.

Subject + Verb + 了 (completed state).

红和绿在画里抵消了。

Red and green canceled out in the painting.

Using '在...里' to show context.

他的努力抵消了错误。

His effort offset the mistake.

Abstract nouns as subject and object.

这次的收入被去年的损失抵消了。

This time's income was offset by last year's losses.

Passive structure with 被 (bèi).

这种药的副作用抵消了它的好处。

The side effects of this medicine offset its benefits.

Possessive marker 的 (de) used with abstract nouns.

我们互相欠钱，所以抵消了。

We owe each other money, so it's offset.

Using '所以' (so) to show logical result.

太阳的热量抵消了冬天的寒冷。

The sun's heat offset the winter's cold.

Descriptive nouns.

这个优点抵消了那个缺点。

This advantage offset that disadvantage.

Demonstrative pronouns 这个/那个.

他的笑声抵消了大家的紧张。

His laughter offset everyone's nervousness.

Abstract psychological impact.

多吃蔬菜可以抵消肉的不健康。

Eating more vegetables can offset the unhealthiness of meat.

Modal verb 可以 (can).

这两笔账目已经抵消了。

These two accounts have already been offset.

Adverb 已经 (already).

销售额的增长被成本的上升抵消了。

The growth in sales was offset by the rise in costs.

Formal passive construction.

为了抵消碳排放，公司种了很多树。

To offset carbon emissions, the company planted many trees.

Using '为了' (in order to) to show purpose.

噪音消除耳机利用声波抵消原理。

Noise-canceling headphones use the principle of sound wave cancellation.

抵消 used as a modifier for '原理' (principle).

这种新功能抵消了产品的复杂性。

This new feature offset the complexity of the product.

Abstract business context.

两种力量相互抵消，物体保持静止。

The two forces mutually offset, and the object remains still.

Scientific description.

加薪的喜悦很快被繁重的工作抵消了。

The joy of the raise was quickly offset by the heavy workload.

Time adverb 很快 (quickly).

我们必须寻找方法来抵消这些负面影响。

We must find ways to offset these negative influences.

Verb phrase '寻找方法来...' (find ways to...).

虽然有进步，但被其他问题抵消了。

Although there is progress, it was offset by other problems.

Conjunction 虽然...但... (although... but...).

全球化带来的利益在某些地区被失业抵消了。

The benefits of globalization were offset by unemployment in certain regions.

Complex subject with a modifier clause.

这种策略旨在抵消市场波动带来的风险。

This strategy aims to offset the risks brought by market volatility.

Formal verb 旨在 (aims to).

他的功劳并不能完全抵消他所犯的错误。

His merits cannot completely offset the mistakes he made.

Negative structure 并不能 (cannot at all).

增加的出口额被进口价格的上涨抵消了。

The increased export volume was offset by the rise in import prices.

Economic terminology.

在物理学中，正负电荷会相互抵消。

In physics, positive and negative charges will mutually cancel out.

Domain-specific usage (Physics).

政府试图通过减税来抵消通货膨胀的影响。

The government is trying to offset the impact of inflation through tax cuts.

Prepositional phrase 通过...来... (through... to...).

这种药物的疗效被患者的不良习惯抵消了。

The drug's efficacy was offset by the patient's bad habits.

Passive voice in medical context.

双方的优势在比赛中相互抵消，最终平局。

Both sides' advantages offset each other in the match, resulting in a draw.

Resultative clause 最终平局.

技术进步的红利往往被人口老龄化的压力所抵消。

The dividends of technological progress are often offset by the pressures of an aging population.

Passive structure '被...所抵消'.

在复杂的生态系统中，捕食者和猎物的数量波动往往相互抵消。

In complex ecosystems, the fluctuations in predator and prey populations often offset each other.

Prepositional phrase '在...中'.

该法律条款旨在抵消不公平竞争带来的负面后果。

This legal clause is intended to offset the negative consequences of unfair competition.

Legal register.

货币贬值抵消了该国出口产品的价格优势。

Currency devaluation offset the price advantage of the country's exports.

Macroeconomic analysis.

这种心理防御机制可以抵消焦虑感，但也会阻碍成长。

This psychological defense mechanism can offset anxiety but can also hinder growth.

Psychological terminology.

企业通过多元化经营来抵消单一市场波动的风险。

Enterprises offset the risk of single-market volatility through diversified operations.

Business strategy context.

他的冷漠态度抵消了他慷慨捐款所产生的社会美誉。

His indifferent attitude offset the social reputation generated by his generous donations.

Abstract social analysis.

这种效应在统计学上被视为相互抵消的随机误差。

This effect is statistically regarded as mutually offsetting random errors.

Scientific/Statistical register.

在宏观经济调控中，财政政策的扩张效应常被货币政策的收紧所抵消。

In macroeconomic regulation, the expansionary effects of fiscal policy are often offset by the tightening of monetary policy.

High-level economic theory.

这些细微的扰动在长期演化过程中往往会相互抵消，从而维持系统的稳态。

These subtle perturbations often offset each other during long-term evolution, thereby maintaining the system's steady state.

Scientific/Philosophical register.

作者通过多重叙事视角，试图抵消单一叙事者可能带来的主观偏见。

The author attempts to offset the potential subjective bias of a single narrator through multiple narrative perspectives.

Literary criticism.

辩护律师辩称，被告人的立功表现应足以抵消其部分罪责。

The defense lawyer argued that the defendant's meritorious service should be sufficient to offset part of their culpability.

Legal argumentation.

这种地缘政治的制衡机制有效地抵消了霸权主义的扩张欲望。

This geopolitical balancing mechanism effectively offset the expansionist desires of hegemonism.

Political science terminology.

在量子力学中，波函数的干涉现象本质上是相位的抵消与加强。

In quantum mechanics, the interference phenomenon of wave functions is essentially the cancellation and reinforcement of phases.

Advanced physics.

尽管城市化进程加速，但其带来的生态红利却被资源过度消耗所抵消。

Despite the accelerated process of urbanization, the ecological dividends it brought were offset by excessive resource consumption.

Societal critique.

这种审美的复杂性在于，它利用丑陋的元素来抵消过度甜腻的视觉冲击。

The complexity of this aesthetic lies in its use of ugly elements to offset an overly saccharine visual impact.

Aesthetic theory.

동의어

抵偿中和补偿

반의어

叠加加强

자주 쓰는 조합

相互抵消

完全抵消

碳抵消

抵消风险

部分抵消

抵消作用

抵消负面影响

无法抵消

被...抵消

旨在抵消

자주 쓰는 구문

收支相抵

— Income and expenses are equal. It describes a break-even situation.

这个月我们的公司收支相抵。

功过抵消

— Merits and faults cancel each other out. Used in moral or performance evaluations.

虽然他犯了错，但他的贡献很大，可以功过抵消。

正负抵消

— Positive and negative cancel out. Used in math, physics, or general logic.

正负电荷在原子中抵消。

抵消热量

— To burn off calories. Popular in fitness and health contexts.

我需要跑步来抵消昨天吃的火锅热量。

碳抵消信用

— Carbon offset credits. A term used in environmental policy.

许多航空公司购买碳抵消信用。

抵消性交易

— Offsetting transaction. A financial term for a trade that neutralizes a position.

他做了一笔抵消性交易来降低风险。

相互抵消的干扰

— Mutually canceling interference. Used in physics or communications.

两列波产生了相互抵消的干扰。

利益抵消

— Benefits being offset. Used when a gain is nullified by a cost.

高税收导致了利益抵消。

抵消差额

— To offset the balance/difference. Used in accounting.

我们需要用这笔钱来抵消差额。

抵消亏损

— To offset losses. Used in business finance.

今年的利润足以抵消去年的亏损。

자주 혼동되는 단어

抵消 vs 取消 (qǔxiāo)

English speakers use 'cancel' for both. Use 取消 for meetings/plans, and 抵消 for forces/values.

抵消 vs 消除 (xiāochú)

消除 means to eliminate something. 抵消 requires an opposing force to create a balance.

抵消 vs 抵制 (dǐzhì)

抵制 means to boycott or resist something external (like a product or idea).

관용어 및 표현

"将功补过"

— To make up for one's faults by doing good deeds. Similar to 'dǐxiāo' but focuses on the person's active intent.

他希望通过努力工作来将功补过。

Neutral/Formal

"不分胜负"

— Neither winning nor losing; a tie. Related to the result of forces offsetting.

这场比赛双方打得不分胜负。

Neutral

"平分秋色"

— To share equally; to be on par. Used when two sides are balanced.

两家公司在市场上平分秋色。

Literary

"相持不下"

— Both sides are at a stalemate. Used when opposing forces offset each other's progress.

辩论双方相持不下。

Neutral

"半斤八两"

— Six of one, half a dozen of the other. Used when two things are equally good or bad (often bad).

他们的技术水平其实是半斤八两。

Informal

"势均力敌"

— Well-matched in strength. Describes the condition where 抵消 is likely to happen.

这是一场势均力敌的较量。

Neutral

"等量齐观"

— To put on the same level; to treat as equal.

这两个问题不能等量齐观。

Formal

"互通有无"

— To help each other out by exchanging what one has for what one lacks. A positive form of balancing.

两国之间应当互通有无。

Formal

"以德报怨"

— To return good for evil. A moral way to offset someone's negativity.

他决定以德报怨，原谅了对手。

Literary

"收支平衡"

— To balance the books. The result of income and expenses offsetting.

我们终于实现了收支平衡。

Business

혼동하기 쉬운

抵消 vs 取消

Both translate to 'cancel' in English.

取消 is for stopping an event or plan. 抵消 is for balancing two opposing effects or values.

我取消了会议，但我无法抵消损失。

抵消 vs 消除

Both involve something 'disappearing' (消).

消除 is a one-way action of removal. 抵消 is a two-way interaction where opposites meet.

这种药消除了疼痛，但副作用抵消了它的好处。

抵消 vs 抵偿

Both start with '抵' and imply balance.

抵偿 is specifically about paying back a debt or penalty. 抵消 is broader and used for any forces.

他用房子抵偿债务，这抵消了他的经济压力。

抵消 vs 补偿

Both involve making up for something.

补偿 is to give something back to fix a loss. 抵消 is the natural or logical nullification of an effect.

公司补偿了他的损失，这抵消了他的不满。

抵消 vs 中和

Both mean 'neutralize'.

中和 is specifically for chemistry or very formal psychological neutralization. 抵消 is for general forces and math.

酸碱中和后，其腐蚀性被抵消了。

문장 패턴

A 抵消了 B

运动抵消了热量。

A 被 B 抵消了

利润被成本抵消了。

A 和 B 相互抵消

正负电荷相互抵消。

旨在抵消...的影响

这项政策旨在抵消通胀的影响。

用 A 来抵消 B

公司用新业务来抵消旧业务的亏损。

A 往往被 B 所抵消

优势往往被管理不善所抵消。

足以抵消...

他的功劳足以抵消他的错误。

这种...效应被...所抵消

这种扩张效应被货币紧缩所抵消。

어휘 가족

명사

抵消物 (dǐxiāowù) - Offset/counterbalance (physical or abstract thing)

碳抵消 (tàn dǐxiāo) - Carbon offset

동사

抵 (dǐ) - To resist, support, or be equal to

消 (xiāo) - To disappear, eliminate, or spend

消除 (xiāochú) - To eliminate

抵偿 (dǐcháng) - To compensate/atone

형용사

可抵消的 (kě dǐxiāo de) - Offsettable/cancelable

사용법

frequency

High in written news and academic texts; medium in daily spoken Mandarin.

자주 하는 실수

Using 抵消 for canceling a plan. → 使用 '取消' (qǔxiāo).
You cannot 'dǐxiāo' a meeting. You 'qǔxiāo' it. Use 抵消 only for forces or values.
Saying 'A 抵消 B' when A is not an opposing force. → Ensure A and B are opposites (e.g., profit and loss).
抵消 requires a 'counter' effect. If you just add two good things together, they don't 抵消.
Forgetting the '被' in passive sentences. → A 被 B 抵消了。
In English, we often say 'A was offset by B.' In Chinese, you must include the '被' to show that A was the one receiving the action.
Using 抵消 for 'eliminating' a bad habit. → 使用 '消除' (xiāochú) or '戒掉' (jièdiào).
If you just want to stop something, it's 消除. 抵消 implies you did something else to balance it out.
Confusing 抵消 with 抵押 (dǐyā). → 抵押 means to mortgage or pledge property.
Both start with '抵', but 抵押 is a specific financial term for collateral.

팁

Using '被' (bèi)

抵消 is very often used in the passive voice. When a positive thing is ruined by a negative thing, use 'A 被 B 抵消了.' This is the most natural way to express 'offset by' in Chinese.

The 'Xiāo' family

Remember that '消' (xiāo) means to vanish. 抵消 (offset), 取消 (cancel), 消除 (eliminate), and 消失 (disappear) all share this root. 抵消 is the one that involves a 'tug-of-war' between two sides.

Business Context

In business, use 抵消 when explaining financial results. It sounds much more professional than saying things just 'went away' or 'changed.' It shows you understand the cause-and-effect relationship.

Formal Modifier

You can use 抵消 as a modifier for nouns like '因素' (factor) or '效应' (effect). For example: '抵消因素' (offsetting factors).

Daily Life

Use it when talking about food and exercise! It's a great way to practice the word in a low-stakes environment. 'I ate a cookie, so I'll walk home to dǐxiāo it.'

The Balance Scale

Always visualize a balance scale when using this word. If the scale is tipping back to the center because of a second weight, that's '抵消'.

News Keywords

When reading news about the stock market, look for 抵消. It's usually near words like '涨' (rise) and '跌' (fall).

Moral Balance

In Chinese culture, the idea of '功过相抵' (merits and faults offsetting) is common. Using this word in a discussion about someone's character will sound very native.

Tone Sandhi

Since 'dǐ' is a 3rd tone, if it's followed by another 3rd tone (which is rare in common '抵消' compounds, but possible in sentences), remember the tone change rules. In 'dǐxiāo' (3-1), it stays 3rd tone.

Don't confuse with 抵抗

抵抗 (dǐkàng) means to resist/fight back. 抵消 is the result of that resistance where things cancel out. You 抵抗 an enemy, but the forces 抵消.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Dǐ' as 'Dealing' with a problem and 'Xiāo' as 'X-ing it out.' You Deal with the negative by X-ing it out with a positive.

시각적 연상

Visualize a mathematical '=' sign. On one side is a '+5' and a '-5'. They 'dǐxiāo' and the result is zero.

Word Web

抵消 (Offset) 平衡 (Balance) 力 (Force) 正负 (Positive/Negative) 零 (Zero) 风险 (Risk) 成本 (Cost) 利益 (Benefit)

챌린지

Try to find one thing you did today that was 'offset' by something else. For example: 'I drank a soda, but I walked to work to dǐxiāo the sugar.'

어원

The word is a compound of two ancient Chinese characters. '抵' (dǐ) originally depicted a hand (扌) pushing against or sustaining something. '消' (xiāo) originally referred to water (氵) disappearing or melting away. Together, they form the concept of using a force to make an effect vanish.

원래 의미: To sustain and eliminate; to balance out forces.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese)

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral, technical, and professional term.

English speakers often use 'cancel' for everything. In Chinese, remember to separate 'cancel a meeting' (取消) from 'cancel a force' (抵消).

Carbon Neutrality goals (碳中和) in Chinese policy. Noise-canceling technology (主动降噪/声波抵消). Accounting principles regarding 'Netting' (轧差/抵消).

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Finance & Business

抵消亏损
抵消成本
抵消风险
税收抵消

Physics & Engineering

力量抵消
相位抵消
电荷抵消
声波抵消

Health & Fitness

抵消热量
抵消副作用
抵消疲劳
抵消糖分

Environment

碳抵消计划
抵消污染
抵消碳足迹
森林抵消

Social/Moral

功过抵消
抵消偏见
抵消负面评价
抵消优势

대화 시작하기

"你觉得运动真的能抵消不健康饮食带来的影响吗？(Do you think exercise can really offset the effects of an unhealthy diet?)"

"在你的工作中，有没有什么方法可以抵消潜在的风险？(In your work, are there any ways to offset potential risks?)"

"你认为一个人的功劳可以抵消他犯下的严重错误吗？(Do you think a person's merits can offset the serious mistakes they have made?)"

"我们该如何抵消现代生活带来的压力？(How should we offset the stress brought by modern life?)"

"你买机票时会选择购买碳抵消服务吗？(Do you choose to buy carbon offset services when buying plane tickets?)"

일기 주제

写一写你今天做的一件好事，以及它是否抵消了你之前的一些小过错。(Write about a good deed you did today and whether it offset some of your previous minor faults.)

讨论一下科技进步带来的好处是否被它带来的环境问题所抵消。(Discuss whether the benefits of technological progress are offset by the environmental problems it causes.)

描述一次你感到两种矛盾的情绪相互抵消的经历。(Describe an experience where you felt two contradictory emotions cancel each other out.)

如果你是一家公司的经理，你会如何通过策略来抵消市场下降带来的损失？(If you were a manager of a company, how would you use strategies to offset losses caused by a market downturn?)

谈谈你对'功过相抵'这一传统观念的看法。(Talk about your views on the traditional concept of 'merits and faults offsetting each other.')

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No. For meetings, events, or plans, you must use 取消 (qǔxiāo). 抵消 is only for effects, forces, or values. For example, 'The noise-canceling headphones offset the sound' is 抵消, but 'I canceled the party' is 取消.

消除 (xiāochú) means to eliminate something entirely, like 'eliminating a misunderstanding.' 抵消 (dǐxiāo) means to balance something out with an opposing force. If you have +10 and you add -10, they '抵消.' If you just delete the +10, you '消除' it.

Yes, it is relatively formal. It appears frequently in news, academic writing, and business reports. However, it can be used informally when talking about things like calories or weight.

It is 碳抵消 (tàn dǐxiāo). You will see this often in environmental discussions and airline travel options.

Yes. For example, 'His excitement was offset by his fear' (他的兴奋被恐惧抵消了). It implies that two emotions are fighting and leaving the person feeling neutral or conflicted.

Usually, yes. It implies neutralization. However, in casual usage, it can mean 'partially offset' or 'mitigate,' where the impact is significantly reduced by an opposing force.

The opposite would be 叠加 (diéjiā - to superimpose/add up) or 增强 (zēngqiáng - to strengthen), where two things combine to become even stronger.

It is primarily a verb. To use it as a noun, you often add '作用' (effect), as in '抵消作用' (offsetting effect), or use it in compound terms like '碳抵消'.

Yes, it's a standard term in physics for forces or waves that cancel each other out, such as '力量抵消' or '波的抵消'.

Use '相互' (xiānghù) before it: '相互抵消'. For example: '这两个因素相互抵消' (These two factors mutually offset each other).

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