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A2 noun #2,200 most common 11 min read

gasto

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips gasto in 30 Seconds
Explanation gasto in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'gasto' is introduced as a basic word for money you spend. Learners focus on simple sentences like 'Tengo un gasto' (I have an expense). It is often taught alongside 'dinero' (money) and 'comprar' (to buy). At this stage, the goal is to recognize the word on a receipt or in a simple conversation about daily life. You might learn it in the context of 'gastos de envío' when looking at a website to buy something. The focus is purely on the financial meaning: money going out. Grammar is kept simple, focusing on the masculine gender: 'el gasto'. Learners are encouraged to use it with basic verbs like 'tener' (to have) or 'pagar' (to pay). Understanding that 'gasto' is a noun and 'gastar' is the action is a key milestone for A1 students. They might also see it in plural form, 'gastos', which is very common. Simple phrases like 'mucho gasto' (a lot of spending) are typical for this level. The concept of 'gasto' is usually tied to immediate, concrete items like food, clothes, or toys.
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At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'gasto' in more varied contexts and with more descriptive adjectives. You start to distinguish between different types of spending, such as 'gasto necesario' (necessary expense) and 'gasto innecesario' (unnecessary expense). The A2 student learns to talk about their monthly budget using 'mis gastos mensuales'. This level introduces common collocations like 'reducir el gasto' (to reduce spending) or 'controlar los gastos' (to control expenses). You might also encounter the term in the context of utilities, like 'el gasto de agua' or 'el gasto de luz'. The distinction between 'gasto' (the noun) and 'gasto' (the 'I spend' verb form) becomes more important to avoid confusion. A2 learners are expected to handle basic financial transactions where 'gasto' might appear, such as understanding a simple bill or discussing why they cannot afford something. The cultural concept of 'gasto hormiga' (small daily expenses) might be introduced to make the vocabulary more practical and engaging. Overall, the A2 level moves from simple recognition to active usage in personal finance discussions.
At the B1 level, 'gasto' is used to discuss more complex topics like the economy, business, and social issues. Learners are expected to understand and use terms like 'gasto público' (public spending) and 'gasto social' (social spending) in the context of news or debates. The nuance between 'gasto' and 'costo' becomes a point of study, with B1 students learning that 'costo' is often related to production while 'gasto' is more general or operational. You will use 'gasto' to express opinions about government policy or company management. For example, 'Creo que el gobierno debería aumentar el gasto en educación.' B1 learners also explore the word's application to non-monetary resources more deeply, such as 'gasto energético' in environmental discussions. The use of 'gasto' in idiomatic expressions or more formal structures like 'correr con los gastos' (to cover the costs) is introduced. Writing tasks might require students to analyze a budget or justify certain 'gastos' in a formal letter or report. The focus shifts from personal life to a broader societal and professional context.
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At the B2 level, the learner uses 'gasto' with high precision and in sophisticated grammatical structures. You can discuss the implications of 'gasto deficitario' (deficit spending) or 'gasto suntuario' (luxury spending). B2 students are comfortable using the word in academic or professional settings, such as explaining 'gastos de representación' in a business meeting or 'gasto deducible' in a tax context. The vocabulary surrounding 'gasto' expands to include synonyms like 'desembolso', 'egreso', and 'expensas', and the student knows exactly when to use each for the right register. You can participate in complex debates about fiscal policy, analyzing how 'el gasto corriente' affects the national economy. The B2 level also involves understanding the word in literature or high-level journalism, where it might be used metaphorically to describe the 'gasto' of a person's life or spirit. Mastery of the prepositional phrases like 'a costa de' vs 'a gasto de' (though the latter is rare, the distinction is key) is expected. The learner can now provide detailed explanations of financial trends using this term.
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At the C1 level, 'gasto' is a tool for nuanced analysis and eloquent expression. The learner understands the subtle connotations of the word in different Spanish-speaking regions (e.g., the use of 'expensas' in the Southern Cone). You can use 'gasto' to discuss abstract concepts like 'el gasto cognitivo' (cognitive load) or 'gasto metabólico' in scientific contexts with ease. In professional writing, a C1 learner uses 'gasto' to build persuasive arguments about efficiency and resource allocation. They can distinguish between 'gasto' as a flow and 'deuda' as a stock in economic discourse. The learner is also familiar with historical or archaic uses of the word that might appear in classical literature. They can use the word in complex sentence structures, such as 'Si no fuera por el excesivo gasto en burocracia, la empresa sería rentable.' The C1 student also understands the irony or humor when 'gasto' is used in social commentary. Their vocabulary is so broad that 'gasto' is just one of many options, and they choose it specifically for its directness and clarity.
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At the C2 level, the mastery of 'gasto' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. The learner can navigate the most technical financial documents, legal statutes, and economic theories where 'gasto' is defined with absolute legal or mathematical precision. They can appreciate and use the word in poetic or highly rhetorical contexts, perhaps playing on its etymological roots of 'vastare' to create imagery of depletion or sacrifice. A C2 speaker can lead a seminar on 'la eficiencia del gasto público' or write a doctoral thesis involving 'el gasto' in any specialized field. They are aware of the most obscure idioms and regionalisms involving the word. Their understanding of the word is not just linguistic but also deeply cultural and contextual, knowing how 'el gasto' reflects societal values in different parts of the Hispanosphere. At this level, the word is used with perfect spontaneity, and the speaker can switch between registers—from a casual '¡Vaya gasto!' to a formal 'La optimización del gasto operativo'—without hesitation.
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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

gasto in 30 Seconds

  • Gasto is a masculine noun meaning 'expense' or 'spending' in Spanish.
  • It is commonly used in both personal finance and macroeconomics.
  • The word can also refer to the consumption of resources like water or energy.
  • Common phrases include 'gastos de envío' (shipping) and 'gasto público' (public spending).

The Spanish noun gasto is a fundamental term in the realm of finance, economics, and daily life. At its core, it refers to the act of spending money or the specific amount of money that has been spent. While in English we might use 'expense,' 'expenditure,' or 'spending' depending on the context, gasto serves as a versatile umbrella term in Spanish. It originates from the verb gastar, which comes from the Latin vastare (to waste or lay waste), though in modern Spanish, it has lost its purely negative connotation of 'waste' and now primarily denotes the neutral allocation of financial resources.

Financial Outflow
The most common use refers to money leaving a person's or entity's possession to pay for goods or services.
Resource Depletion
Beyond money, it can refer to the consumption of energy, materials, or effort (e.g., gasto de energía).
Accounting Terminology
In a business context, it represents a decrease in owner's equity resulting from the operation of the business.

"El gasto mensual en alimentación ha subido significativamente este año debido a la inflación."

Example of household spending context.

Understanding gasto requires distinguishing it from costo (cost). While they are often used interchangeably in casual conversation, a gasto is typically an ongoing operational expense (like rent or utilities), whereas a costo is often associated with the direct production of a good. In the mind of a Spanish speaker, gasto evokes the image of money flowing out of a wallet or a bank account. It is often paired with adjectives to specify the nature of the spending, such as gasto público (public spending) or gasto hormiga (small, frequent, often unnoticed expenses).

"Debemos reducir el gasto innecesario si queremos ahorrar para las vacaciones."

The term also extends to physical wear and tear, though this is more commonly expressed through the related noun desgaste. However, in some technical contexts, gasto can refer to the flow rate of a fluid (gasto hidráulico), though this is specialized usage. For the A2 learner, focusing on the financial aspect is paramount. Whether you are looking at a receipt, planning a budget, or listening to the news, gasto will be your primary word for 'expense'.

Gasto Fijo
Fixed expenses like rent or insurance that do not change month to month.
Gasto Variable
Expenses that fluctuate, such as entertainment or dining out.

"El gasto hormiga, como el café diario, puede sumar una gran cantidad al mes."

In summary, gasto is not just a number on a page; it represents the flow of resources. It is the counterpoint to ingreso (income). A healthy financial life in a Spanish-speaking environment involves balancing these two concepts. When you hear a Spaniard complain about 'muchos gastos', they are likely referring to a period where bills are piling up or unexpected costs have arisen.

"El gobierno anunció un incremento en el gasto social para el próximo trimestre."

"No puedo permitirme ese gasto ahora mismo; mi presupuesto es muy ajustado."

Using gasto correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a masculine noun and its common collocations with verbs and adjectives. As a noun, it follows standard Spanish rules for gender and number: el gasto (the expense) and los gastos (the expenses). It is frequently the direct object of verbs related to financial management.

Verbs used with Gasto
Reducir/Recortar: To reduce or cut spending. "Hay que recortar el gasto en publicidad."
Aumentar/Incrementar: To increase spending. "El gasto ha aumentado este mes."
Justificar: To justify an expense. "Debes justificar cada gasto con una factura."
Afrontar: To face or cover an expense. "No podemos afrontar tantos gastos a la vez."

"Para ahorrar, primero debemos identificar cada gasto innecesario en nuestra rutina."

In professional settings, gasto is often pluralized. When talking about business operations or personal accounting, los gastos refers to the collective set of outgoings. You will see terms like gastos de envío (shipping costs) on e-commerce sites, or gastos de representación (business entertainment expenses) in corporate contracts. It is important to note that while English uses 'spending' as a gerund-noun, Spanish prefers the noun gasto over the gerund gastando in these positions.

Adjectives play a crucial role in defining the type of gasto. Gasto público is a major topic in political discourse, referring to government expenditure. Gasto militar, gasto educativo, and gasto sanitario are other common categories. In personal finance, you might hear about gastos hormiga, a metaphorical term for small expenses like coffee or snacks that 'eat away' at your budget like ants.

"Los gastos de envío son gratuitos para pedidos superiores a cincuenta euros."

When discussing energy or physical resources, the structure remains the same. "El gasto de agua" refers to water consumption. "Un gran gasto de energía" can refer to both electricity usage and human effort. In these cases, gasto implies a depletion of a limited resource. Mastering the use of gasto allows you to navigate everything from a supermarket checkout to a high-level business meeting.

Common Structures
Gasto en + [Noun]: Spending on something. "Gasto en comida."
Gasto de + [Noun]: Expense of something. "Gasto de mantenimiento."

"El gasto de combustible del nuevo coche es muy bajo, lo que nos permite ahorrar."

The word gasto is ubiquitous in Spanish-speaking environments, spanning from the domestic sphere to the highest levels of government. You will encounter it daily in various media and interpersonal interactions. In a household, it is the center of budget discussions. Parents might tell their children, "Tenemos que controlar el gasto de luz," emphasizing the need to turn off lights to save money. At the end of the month, families review their gastos to see where the money went.

At the Bank
You will see gastos de gestión or gastos de comisión on your bank statements.
In the News
News anchors frequently discuss el gasto público when reporting on the national budget or new laws.
Online Shopping
The phrase gastos de envío is one of the most common terms seen on checkout pages.

"El analista económico advirtió que el gasto excesivo del estado podría generar deuda."

In a professional environment, gasto is a staple of meetings. Accountants present reports on gastos operativos (operating expenses) and gastos de personal (personnel costs). If you work in a Spanish-speaking office, you might be asked to submit a "nota de gastos" after a business trip to get reimbursed for your meals and travel. This document is essential for corporate transparency and tax purposes.

You will also hear gasto in scientific or technical contexts. A doctor might talk about the gasto cardíaco (cardiac output), which refers to the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute. An engineer might discuss the gasto de agua in an irrigation system. While these are more specialized, they show the word's versatility in describing any form of 'output' or 'consumption'.

"¿Has visto los gastos de la comunidad este mes? Han subido por la reparación del ascensor."

Real Estate
When renting an apartment, you'll ask if los gastos de comunidad are included in the price.
Politics
Politicians debate over el gasto social vs. el gasto en defensa.

"El gasto en investigación y desarrollo es clave para el progreso del país."

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing the noun gasto with the verb gastar or the adjective gastado. While they all share the same root, their grammatical functions are distinct. For example, saying "El gastar es mucho" is incorrect; you should say "El gasto es mucho." The noun is required when you are naming the concept of the expense itself.

Gasto vs. Costo
Learners often use gasto when they mean costo. Costo is the value of resources used to produce something, while gasto is the money spent to keep a business or household running. Think of costo as an investment in a product and gasto as an outflow that doesn't directly create a product.
Gasto vs. Desgaste
When talking about a shoe sole wearing out, use desgaste. Using gasto in this context sounds like you spent money on the shoe sole rather than it being physically worn down.

"Incorrecto: El gasto de producir este pan es alto. (Correcto: El costo de producir...)"

Another common error involves the pluralization. While English often uses 'spending' as an uncountable noun, Spanish frequently uses gastos in the plural to refer to various different expenses. If you say "Tengo mucho gasto," it sounds like you have one large expense or a general high level of spending. If you say "Tengo muchos gastos," it implies you have many different bills or items to pay for. Contextually, the plural is much more common in daily life.

Learners also struggle with the first-person verb form gasto (I spend). Because it looks identical to the noun, it can cause confusion in reading. "Yo gasto mucho" (I spend a lot) vs. "El gasto es mucho" (The expense is a lot). Always look for the article (el) or the subject pronoun (yo) to determine which one is being used. Furthermore, don't confuse gasto with gesto (gesture), which is a completely different word.

"Incorrecto: No puedo pagar el gesto de envío. (Correcto: ...el gasto de envío)"

False Friends
Gasto is not 'waste' (which is desperdicio), although the verb gastar can sometimes mean to waste in specific contexts.

"Recuerda: Gasto es masculino. Nunca digas 'la gasta'."

To enrich your Spanish vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that are synonyms or closely related to gasto. Each has a slightly different nuance that can make your speech more precise. Desembolso is a more formal term, often used for a large, one-time payment. Egreso is the technical accounting term for money going out, the direct opposite of ingreso.

Coste / Costo
Refers to the amount of money needed to buy or do something. Often used for the 'price' of production.
Inversión
An investment. Unlike a gasto, which is seen as money 'gone', an inversión is money spent with the expectation of a future return.
Expensas
Common in Argentina and some other regions to refer specifically to building maintenance fees (condo fees).

"A diferencia de un gasto, una inversión busca generar más dinero en el futuro."

In more casual settings, you might hear pago (payment). While gasto is the concept of the expense, pago is the physical or digital act of transferring the money. If you are talking about the 'cost of living', you would say el costo de vida, but if you are talking about your personal 'living expenses', you would say mis gastos de vida. The distinction is subtle but important for sounding natural.

There is also the term despilfarro, which is a very negative word for gasto. It means 'waste' or 'squandering'. If someone says a government project is a despilfarro, they are accusing them of wasting taxpayer money. On the other hand, ahorro (saving) is the ultimate antonym. In the context of energy, consumo is a frequent synonym for gasto. "El consumo de energía" and "el gasto de energía" are often interchangeable.

"El desembolso inicial para comprar la casa fue de veinte mil euros."

Factura
The bill or invoice that details the gastos.
Presupuesto
The budget, which is the plan for future gastos.

"Debemos diferenciar entre un gasto necesario y un capricho innecesario."

How Formal Is It?

Difficulty Rating

Grammar to Know

Noun-Adjective agreement

Definite and Indefinite articles

Prepositions with nouns (gasto en...)

Pluralization of nouns ending in vowels

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Examples by Level

1

El gasto de hoy fue poco.

Today's spending was little.

Gasto is a masculine noun.

2

Tengo un gasto en mi tarjeta.

I have a charge/expense on my card.

Use 'un' because gasto is masculine.

3

Los gastos de envío son gratis.

Shipping costs are free.

Plural form: los gastos.

4

¿Cuál es el gasto total?

What is the total expense?

Total is an adjective modifying gasto.

5

Es un gasto innecesario.

It is an unnecessary expense.

Innecesario agrees with the masculine noun.

6

Mi gasto mensual es bajo.

My monthly spending is low.

Mensual is an adjective.

7

No quiero más gastos.

I don't want more expenses.

Plural used for general expenses.

8

El gasto de agua es mucho.

The water consumption is a lot.

Gasto can mean consumption/usage.

1

Debemos reducir el gasto en comida.

We must reduce spending on food.

Reducir is a common verb with gasto.

2

Apunta cada gasto en tu libreta.

Write down every expense in your notebook.

Cada (each) is used with the singular.

3

El gasto de luz subió este mes.

The electricity bill/usage went up this month.

Subir (to go up) is used for costs.

4

Tengo muchos gastos imprevistos.

I have many unexpected expenses.

Imprevistos means unexpected.

5

El gasto hormiga es peligroso.

Small daily expenses are dangerous (for the budget).

Idiomatic: gasto hormiga.

6

Este gasto no estaba planeado.

This expense was not planned.

Planeado is the past participle used as an adjective.

7

Controlar el gasto es importante.

Controlling spending is important.

Infinitive 'controlar' acts as a subject.

8

Los gastos fijos son el alquiler y el internet.

Fixed expenses are rent and internet.

Gastos fijos is a set phrase.

1

El gobierno aumentará el gasto público en salud.

The government will increase public spending on health.

Future tense of aumentar.

2

No puedo justificar este gasto ante mi jefe.

I cannot justify this expense to my boss.

Justificar is used in professional contexts.

3

El gasto energético de la fábrica es enorme.

The energy consumption of the factory is huge.

Energético is the adjective form of energía.

4

Hay que diferenciar entre gasto e inversión.

One must differentiate between expense and investment.

Diferenciar entre... y...

5

El gasto por alumno ha disminuido.

The spending per student has decreased.

Por (per) indicates the unit.

6

La empresa tiene demasiados gastos operativos.

The company has too many operating expenses.

Operativos refers to business operations.

7

Este viaje supone un gran gasto para nosotros.

This trip represents a big expense for us.

Suponer (to represent/entail).

8

Los gastos de representación deben ser moderados.

Business entertainment expenses must be moderate.

Gastos de representación is a formal term.

1

La política fiscal se centra en el control del gasto.

Fiscal policy focuses on spending control.

Política fiscal is a high-level term.

2

El gasto deficitario puede impulsar la economía a corto plazo.

Deficit spending can boost the economy in the short term.

Deficitario means related to a deficit.

3

Debemos auditar todos los gastos del último trimestre.

We must audit all expenses from the last quarter.

Auditar is a professional verb.

4

El gasto suntuario está gravado con más impuestos.

Luxury spending is taxed with more taxes.

Suntuario refers to luxury/ostentation.

5

El gasto de capital es esencial para el crecimiento.

Capital expenditure is essential for growth.

Gasto de capital (CapEx).

6

Se ha detectado un gasto excesivo en la partida de suministros.

Excessive spending has been detected in the supplies budget line.

Partida refers to a budget line item.

7

La optimización del gasto es nuestra prioridad actual.

Spending optimization is our current priority.

Optimización is a formal noun.

8

El gasto corriente no debe superar los ingresos ordinarios.

Current spending should not exceed ordinary income.

Gasto corriente refers to day-to-day expenses.

1

La contención del gasto es vital para evitar el colapso.

Spending restraint is vital to avoid collapse.

Contención means restraint/containment.

2

El gasto social actúa como un estabilizador automático.

Social spending acts as an automatic stabilizer.

Economic theory terminology.

3

Se cuestiona la eficacia del gasto en infraestructuras.

The effectiveness of spending on infrastructure is being questioned.

Passive voice with 'se'.

4

El gasto metabólico basal varía según la edad.

Basal metabolic rate varies according to age.

Scientific usage of gasto.

5

Hubo un gasto ingente de recursos sin resultados claros.

There was a massive expenditure of resources without clear results.

Ingente means huge/enormous.

6

La transparencia en el gasto público es un pilar democrático.

Transparency in public spending is a democratic pillar.

Abstract political concept.

7

El gasto discrecional se ha visto reducido por la crisis.

Discretionary spending has been reduced by the crisis.

Discrecional refers to non-essential spending.

8

No podemos permitirnos este gasto de prestigio.

We cannot afford this 'prestige' expense.

Metaphorical use of gasto.

1

La voracidad del gasto estatal asfixia al sector privado.

The voracity of state spending stifles the private sector.

Voracidad is a highly descriptive noun.

2

El gasto superfluo es la antítesis de la austeridad.

Superfluous spending is the antithesis of austerity.

Superfluo means unnecessary/excessive.

3

Se debate la sostenibilidad del gasto en pensiones.

The sustainability of spending on pensions is being debated.

Sostenibilidad is a complex concept.

4

El gasto de munición fue determinante en la batalla.

The expenditure of ammunition was decisive in the battle.

Historical/Military context.

5

La trazabilidad del gasto es nula en este departamento.

The traceability of spending is nil in this department.

Trazabilidad is a technical audit term.

6

El gasto de capital humano es una inversión a largo plazo.

The expenditure on human capital is a long-term investment.

Metaphorical economic usage.

7

Existe un gasto de legitimidad cuando se incumplen promesas.

There is a 'spending' (loss) of legitimacy when promises are broken.

Highly abstract/metaphorical.

8

La racionalización del gasto es imperativa para la solvencia.

The rationalization of spending is imperative for solvency.

Imperativa means absolutely necessary.

Common Collocations

gasto público
gasto mensual
gastos de envío
gasto hormiga
reducir el gasto
gasto energético
gasto innecesario
gastos fijos
gasto social
justificar el gasto

Common Phrases

correr con los gastos
gastos de representación
gasto de bolsillo
nota de gastos
gasto de mantenimiento
gastos comunes
gasto imprevisto
gasto deducible
gasto corriente
gasto de personal

Often Confused With

gasto vs gesto (gesture)

gasto vs costo (cost)

gasto vs gasta (verb form)

Idioms & Expressions

"gasto hormiga"
"tirar la casa por la ventana (related to spending)"
"ser un manirroto (someone who spends too much)"
"ajustarse el cinturón (to reduce gastos)"
"no escatimar en gastos"
"correr con los gastos"
"gasto suntuario"
"gasto de prestigio"
"un gasto de energía inútil"
"hacer un gasto"

Easily Confused

gasto vs Costo

gasto vs Gesto

gasto vs Gasto

Sentence Patterns

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How to Use It

business

Used in balance sheets and P&L statements.

daily life

Used for receipts, bills, and shopping.

Common Mistakes
  • Using 'la gasto' instead of 'el gasto'.
  • Confusing 'gasto' with 'gesto'.
  • Using 'gasto' for 'cost of production' in a technical sense.
  • Saying 'gasto para' instead of 'gasto en'.
  • Confusing the noun with the verb form 'yo gasto'.

Tips

Track your spending

Use 'gasto' when labeling your budget app categories.

Agreement

Always use masculine adjectives with gasto (e.g., gasto alto).

Regionalism

In Argentina, remember 'expensas' for building fees.

Online Shopping

Look for 'gastos de envío' to see if delivery is free.

Business

Use 'gastos de representación' for business meals.

Hormiga

Use 'gasto hormiga' to talk about coffee or snacks.

News

Listen for 'gasto público' in economic reports.

Complaining

Say '¡Cuántos gastos!' when you have many bills.

Clarity

Distinguish between gasto and inversión in essays.

Memory

Associate 'gasto' with 'gastronomy' - food is a big expense!

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Gasto' as 'Gas-to'. You need to spend money to put GAS in TO your car.

Word Origin

Latin

Cultural Context

Focus on 'gastos de envío' for e-commerce growth.

The concept of 'gasto hormiga' is very popular in financial literacy campaigns.

Use of 'expensas' for building maintenance.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Conversation Starters

"¿Cuál es tu mayor gasto mensual?"

"¿Cómo podemos reducir el gasto de luz?"

"¿Crees que el gasto público es excesivo?"

"¿Sueles tener muchos gastos imprevistos?"

"¿Qué opinas de los gastos de envío en Amazon?"

Journal Prompts

Describe un gasto innecesario que hiciste recientemente.

Escribe sobre cómo controlas tus gastos mensuales.

¿Es el gasto en educación la mejor inversión para un país?

Haz una lista de tus gastos fijos y variables.

Reflexiona sobre el concepto de 'gasto hormiga' en tu vida.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Es masculino: el gasto.

Gasto es general; costo suele ser para producción.

Son pequeños gastos diarios que parecen insignificantes.

Se dice 'gastos de envío'.

Sí, se puede decir 'un gasto de tiempo', aunque 'pérdida' es más común.

El plural es 'gastos'.

Significa pagar por todo.

Es un sustantivo, pero 'gasto' también es 'I spend' (verbo gastar).

Se dice 'gasto público'.

Son gastos que no cambian, como el alquiler.

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This Word in Other Languages

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