B2 Subjunctive 7 min read Medium

Saying 'Even If': How to Use Mesmo Que

Use mesmo que with the subjunctive mood to express doing an action despite a hypothetical or real obstacle.

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'mesmo que' followed by the subjunctive to express that something will happen regardless of a specific condition.

  • Always use the subjunctive mood after 'mesmo que' for hypothetical or future scenarios.
  • If referring to a past fact that is already true, use the indicative mood.
  • The structure is: Mesmo que + [Subject] + [Verb in Subjunctive] + [Rest of sentence].
Mesmo que + Subjunctive Verb + Result

Overview

Mesmo que in Portuguese is a crucial concessive conjunction, translating primarily to “even if” or “even though”. It introduces a condition or obstacle that the speaker acknowledges as a possibility or reality, but which does not, or will not, prevent the main action from occurring. Mastering mesmo que is a hallmark of B2-level Portuguese, as it allows you to express nuanced determination, disregard for obstacles, or the acceptance of conditions without altering your primary intention.

Its defining characteristic, and the source of common difficulty for learners, is its absolute requirement of the subjunctive mood in the subordinate clause.

This grammatical structure is not merely a translation of its English equivalent. Instead, mesmo que fundamentally alters the hypothetical or acknowledged impediment by framing it through the lens of the subjunctive. This linguistic choice emphasizes the speaker's subjective perception or dismissal of the obstacle, rather than presenting it as an undeniable fact.

Consequently, it unlocks a more authentic and fluent expression of resilience and decisiveness in Portuguese.

How This Grammar Works

At its core, mesmo que operates on the fundamental distinction between the indicative and subjunctive moods in Portuguese. The indicative mood states facts, certainties, and objective realities: Ele está cansado (He is tired – a fact). In contrast, the subjunctive mood expresses doubt, desire, emotion, possibility, hypothesis, or non-factuality: Eu quero que ele esteja bem (I want him to be well – a desire, not a fact).
When you use mesmo que, you are deliberately placing the condition or obstacle into this realm of non-factuality or hypothesis, even if it might seem like a strong possibility.
Consider the sentence Vou sair mesmo que chova. (I will go out even if it rains.) The main clause, Vou sair, is in the indicative mood, expressing a definite future action. The subordinate clause, que chova, uses the present subjunctive form of chover (to rain).
By choosing chova instead of the indicative chove (it rains), you are not denying the possibility of rain. Instead, you are expressing that even if that possibility materializes, it will not affect your primary intention to go out. The rain is framed as a hypothetical or potential event whose impact is being consciously overridden by your will.
This distinction is vital: mesmo que does not simply list a condition; it actively downplays its factual weight in relation to your action. It communicates a subjective attitude towards the obstacle – a kind of linguistic stubbornness. This mechanism is why a literal translation from English, which often uses the indicative in “even if” clauses, often leads to grammatical errors in Portuguese.
You are stating your main action as a certainty while casting the potential impediment as something less certain, or at least less impactful, by relegating it to the subjunctive.

Formation Pattern

1
Constructing sentences with mesmo que follows a consistent, two-part pattern: a main clause stating the primary action, and a subordinate clause introduced by mesmo que that details the acknowledged or hypothetical obstacle in the subjunctive mood.
2
1. The Main Clause:
3
This clause expresses the primary action or state and is typically in an indicative tense. It can be in the present, past, or future, reflecting when the main action occurs.
4
Examples:
5
Eu compro o livro. (I buy the book.) - Present Indicative
6
Ele foi trabalhar. (He went to work.) - Past Indicative
7
Nós viajaremos amanhã. (We will travel tomorrow.) - Future Indicative
8
2. The Subordinate Clause with Mesmo Que:
9
This clause is introduced by the conjunction mesmo que and contains the verb expressing the obstacle or condition.
10
The verb in this clause must be in the subjunctive mood, with its tense harmonizing with the main clause and the context of the obstacle.
11
Tense Harmony for the Subjunctive Verb:
12
Present Subjunctive: Used when the main action is in the present or future, or when the obstacle is contemporaneous or in the future.
13
Formula: Main Clause (Present/Future Indicative) + mesmo que + Subordinate Clause (Present Subjunctive)
14
Example: Eu irei à festa mesmo que esteja chovendo. (I will go to the party even if it is raining.)
15
Example: Ela te ajuda mesmo que não tenha tempo. (She helps you even if she doesn't have time.)
16
Imperfect Subjunctive: Used when the main action occurred in the past, and the obstacle was hypothetical or unrealized at that past time.
17
Formula: Main Clause (Past Indicative) + mesmo que + Subordinate Clause (Imperfect Subjunctive)
18
Example: Ele trabalhou mesmo que sentisse dor. (He worked even if he felt pain.)
19
Example: Compramos o carro mesmo que fosse caro. (We bought the car even if it was expensive.)
20
Conjugation Table (Selected Verbs):
21
| Verb (Infinitive) | Present Subjunctive | Imperfect Subjunctive |
22
| :---------------- | :------------------ | :-------------------- |
23
| Ser (to be) | eu seja | eu fosse |
24
| | você seja | você fosse |
25
| | ele/ela seja | ele/ela fosse |
26
| | nós sejamos | nós fôssemos |
27
| | eles/elas sejam | eles/elas fossem |
28
| Estar (to be) | eu esteja | eu estivesse |
29
| | você esteja | você estivesse |
30
| | ele/ela esteja | ele/ela estivesse |
31
| | nós estejamos | nós estivéssemos |
32
| | eles/elas estejam | eles/elas estivessem |
33
| Ter (to have) | eu tenha | eu tivesse |
34
| | você tenha | você tivesse |
35
| | ele/ela tenha | ele/ela tivesse |
36
| | nós tenhamos | nós tivéssemos |
37
| | eles/elas tenham | eles/elas tivessem |
38
| Fazer (to do) | eu faça | eu fizesse |
39
| | você faça | você fizesse |
40
| | ele/ela faça | ele/ela fizesse |
41
| | nós façamos | nós fizéssemos |
42
| | eles/elas façam | eles/elas fizessem |
43
Sentence Inversion:
44
You can also begin the sentence with the mesmo que clause. When you do, a comma is typically required to separate the clauses.
45
Original: Eu compro o carro mesmo que seja caro.
46
Inverted: Mesmo que seja caro, eu compro o carro. (Even if it is expensive, I buy the car.)

When To Use It

Mesmo que is employed in situations where you want to express a strong sense of determination or disregard for potential negative factors. It highlights resilience and the speaker's resolve in the face of acknowledged, but ultimately dismissed, obstacles. This structure is pervasive in both formal and informal Portuguese communication.
  • Expressing Unwavering Determination: When you are committed to an action regardless of challenges.
  • Vou terminar este projeto hoje, mesmo que precise trabalhar a noite toda. (I will finish this project today, even if I need to work all night.)
  • Acknowledging and Dismissing Negative Possibilities: You recognize a potential problem but choose to proceed anyway.
  • Ela vai à festa mesmo que não conheça ninguém lá. (She's going to the party even if she doesn't know anyone there.)
  • Conceding a Point but Upholding an Opinion: When you agree with a negative aspect but it doesn't change your stance.
  • Gosto muito dessa banda, mesmo que a crítica diga que são ruins. (I really like that band, even if the critics say they're bad.)
  • In Hypothetical Past Scenarios (with Imperfect Subjunctive): To describe a past action that occurred despite a past hypothetical impediment.
  • Ele nunca reclamava, mesmo que o trabalho fosse muito difícil. (He never complained, even if the work was very difficult.)
  • In Future Plans (with Present Subjunctive): To assert future actions despite future potential hindrances.
  • Conseguiremos ingressos para o show, mesmo que estejam esgotados online. (We will get tickets for the show, even if they are sold out online.)
Consider the nuance: mesmo que can indicate a generalized 'even if' (e.g.,

Subjunctive Conjugation for 'Mesmo que'

Pronoun Present Subjunctive (Falar) Future Subjunctive (Falar)
Eu
fale
falar
Você/Ele
fale
falar
Nós
falemos
falarmos
Eles/Vocês
falem
falarem

Meanings

Used to introduce a concession, indicating that the main clause remains true despite the condition in the subordinate clause.

1

Hypothetical concession

Expressing a condition that is not yet realized.

“Mesmo que você peça, não vou.”

“Mesmo que ele estude, não passará.”

2

Factual concession

Acknowledging a fact that does not change the outcome.

“Mesmo que ele disse a verdade, eu não acreditei.”

“Mesmo que ela estava cansada, ela trabalhou.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Saying 'Even If': How to Use Mesmo Que
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Mesmo que + Subjunctive
Mesmo que chova, vou.
Negative
Mesmo que + não + Subjunctive
Mesmo que não chova, vou.
Past Hypothetical
Mesmo que + Imperfect Subjunctive
Mesmo que chovesse, eu iria.
Perfect Subjunctive
Mesmo que + tenha + Participle
Mesmo que tenha chovido, vou.
Future
Mesmo que + Future Subjunctive
Mesmo que chover, vou.
Passive Voice
Mesmo que + seja + Participle
Mesmo que seja feito, não ajuda.

Formality Spectrum

Formal
Mesmo que Vossa Senhoria não aprecie, é necessário fazê-lo.

Mesmo que Vossa Senhoria não aprecie, é necessário fazê-lo. (Giving orders)

Neutral
Mesmo que você não goste, você tem que fazer.

Mesmo que você não goste, você tem que fazer. (Giving orders)

Informal
Mesmo que você não curta, tem que fazer.

Mesmo que você não curta, tem que fazer. (Giving orders)

Slang
Mesmo que você não queira, vai ter que encarar.

Mesmo que você não queira, vai ter que encarar. (Giving orders)

The 'Mesmo que' Universe

Mesmo que

Mood

  • Subjuntivo Subjunctive

Meaning

  • Even if Hypothetical

Examples by Level

1

Mesmo que chova, eu vou.

Even if it rains, I will go.

2

Mesmo que você não queira, eu vou.

Even if you don't want to, I will go.

3

Mesmo que seja tarde, eu estudo.

Even if it is late, I study.

4

Mesmo que eu tenha medo, eu tento.

Even if I am afraid, I try.

1

Mesmo que ele peça desculpas, não vou perdoar.

Even if he apologizes, I won't forgive him.

2

Mesmo que tenhamos dinheiro, não vamos comprar.

Even if we have money, we won't buy it.

3

Mesmo que você estude, é difícil.

Even if you study, it is hard.

4

Mesmo que eles venham, não haverá festa.

Even if they come, there won't be a party.

1

Mesmo que o governo mude a lei, o problema continuará.

Even if the government changes the law, the problem will continue.

2

Mesmo que você me ligue, não atenderei.

Even if you call me, I won't answer.

3

Mesmo que fosse possível, eu não faria.

Even if it were possible, I wouldn't do it.

4

Mesmo que eles tenham tentado, falharam.

Even if they tried, they failed.

1

Mesmo que a empresa ofereça um aumento, não ficarei.

Even if the company offers a raise, I won't stay.

2

Mesmo que você tenha visto o filme, não saberá o final.

Even if you have seen the movie, you won't know the ending.

3

Mesmo que eu estivesse cansado, eu teria ido.

Even if I had been tired, I would have gone.

4

Mesmo que tudo dê errado, continuaremos.

Even if everything goes wrong, we will continue.

1

Mesmo que se apresentem provas, ele negará tudo.

Even if evidence is presented, he will deny everything.

2

Mesmo que o cenário econômico melhore, a crise persiste.

Even if the economic scenario improves, the crisis persists.

3

Mesmo que tivéssemos tido mais tempo, o resultado seria o mesmo.

Even if we had had more time, the result would be the same.

4

Mesmo que a teoria seja refutada, ela ainda é influente.

Even if the theory is refuted, it is still influential.

1

Mesmo que se considerem as variáveis, o modelo falha.

Even if one considers the variables, the model fails.

2

Mesmo que houvesse consenso, a implementação seria lenta.

Even if there were consensus, implementation would be slow.

3

Mesmo que a arte seja subjetiva, há padrões.

Even if art is subjective, there are patterns.

4

Mesmo que se queira evitar, o conflito é inevitável.

Even if one wants to avoid it, the conflict is inevitable.

Easily Confused

Saying 'Even If': How to Use Mesmo Que vs Embora

Learners mix 'embora' (although) with 'mesmo que' (even if).

Saying 'Even If': How to Use Mesmo Que vs Apesar de

Learners use 'apesar de' with a verb, but it requires an infinitive.

Saying 'Even If': How to Use Mesmo Que vs Se

Learners use 'se' instead of 'mesmo que'.

Common Mistakes

Mesmo que ele fala

Mesmo que ele fale

Subjunctive required.

Mesmo que chove

Mesmo que chova

Wrong conjugation.

Mesmo que eu vou

Mesmo que eu vá

Irregular verb.

Mesmo que você tem

Mesmo que você tenha

Subjunctive of ter.

Mesmo que ele disse

Mesmo que ele diga

Wrong tense.

Mesmo que nós fazemos

Mesmo que nós façamos

Subjunctive of fazer.

Mesmo que eles são

Mesmo que eles sejam

Subjunctive of ser.

Mesmo que eu teria tempo

Mesmo que eu tivesse tempo

Imperfect subjunctive required.

Mesmo que ele vai

Mesmo que ele vá

Future subjunctive or present subjunctive.

Mesmo que eles foram

Mesmo que eles fossem

Imperfect subjunctive.

Mesmo que teremos

Mesmo que tenhamos

Future indicative is incorrect.

Mesmo que ele faz

Mesmo que ele faça

Subjunctive required.

Mesmo que eles teriam

Mesmo que eles tivessem

Imperfect subjunctive.

Sentence Patterns

Mesmo que ___ (verb), eu ___ (verb).

Mesmo que ___ (verb), eu não ___ (verb).

Mesmo que ___ (verb), eu teria ___ (verb).

Mesmo que ___ (verb), o resultado ___ (verb).

Real World Usage

Texting very common

Mesmo que eu demore, te respondo!

Job Interviews common

Mesmo que o desafio seja grande, estou pronto.

Social Media very common

Mesmo que critiquem, serei eu mesmo.

Travel common

Mesmo que o voo atrase, chegaremos.

Food Delivery occasional

Mesmo que demore, a comida é boa.

Academic Writing common

Mesmo que se observem falhas, a teoria é válida.

💡

Subjunctive Check

If you are unsure, ask yourself: 'Is this a fact or a possibility?' If it's a possibility, use the subjunctive.
⚠️

Don't use Indicative

Avoid using the present indicative after 'mesmo que' in formal writing.
🎯

Future Subjunctive

Use the future subjunctive when talking about future conditions to sound more precise.
💬

Regional Variation

Be aware that Brazilians might use the indicative in casual speech, but don't copy this in formal exams.

Smart Tips

Use the future subjunctive for a more formal or precise tone.

Mesmo que chova, vou. Mesmo que chover, irei.

Default to the present subjunctive; it is almost always correct for 'mesmo que'.

Mesmo que ele fala... Mesmo que ele fale...

Place the 'mesmo que' clause at the beginning of the sentence.

Eu vou mesmo que chova. Mesmo que chova, eu vou.

Use the imperfect subjunctive for the condition and the conditional for the result.

Mesmo que choveu, eu ia. Mesmo que chovesse, eu iria.

Pronunciation

/ˈmez.mu/

Mesmo

The 's' in 'mesmo' has a 'z' sound in most of Brazil.

Rising-falling

Mesmo que chova ↗, eu vou ↘.

Conveys certainty despite the condition.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Mesmo que is a 'Maybe' machine: it always triggers the subjunctive because the outcome is uncertain.

Visual Association

Imagine a person standing in the rain with an umbrella. Even if it pours (mesmo que chova), they are still smiling because they are prepared.

Rhyme

Mesmo que, o verbo mude, o subjuntivo é quem te ajude.

Story

Maria wanted to go to the beach. She said, 'Mesmo que chova (even if it rains), I will go.' Her friend replied, 'Mesmo que você queira (even if you want to), it is dangerous.' Maria insisted, 'Mesmo que seja perigoso (even if it is dangerous), I am going.'

Word Web

SubjuntivoConcessãoMesmoQueCondiçãoHipótese

Challenge

Write 3 sentences using 'Mesmo que' about things you will do this weekend regardless of the weather.

Cultural Notes

In informal speech, Brazilians often use the indicative after 'mesmo que' when talking about past events.

European speakers are more likely to stick to the subjunctive even in informal speech.

Usage is similar to European Portuguese, favoring the subjunctive.

Derived from 'mesmo' (same) and 'que' (that). It evolved to mean 'the same thing that', eventually shifting to a concessive meaning.

Conversation Starters

Mesmo que você ganhe na loteria, você continuaria trabalhando?

Mesmo que chova, você vai sair?

Mesmo que você tenha muito tempo, o que você não faria?

Mesmo que o mundo mude, o que você manteria?

Journal Prompts

Write about a goal you have. Use 'mesmo que' to describe obstacles you will overcome.
Describe a hypothetical scenario where you move to a new country. What would you do even if things go wrong?
Reflect on a past failure. Even if you had done things differently, would the result have changed?
Write a short dialogue between two friends planning a trip. Use 'mesmo que' to discuss potential problems.

Common Mistakes

Incorrect

Correct


Incorrect

Correct


Incorrect

Correct


Incorrect

Correct

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct subjunctive form.

Mesmo que ele ___ (falar), não vou ouvir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: fale
Subjunctive required.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mesmo que chova, vou.
Correct subjunctive usage.
Find the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Mesmo que você tem dinheiro, não compre.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: tem
Should be 'tenha'.
Change to past hypothetical. Sentence Transformation

Mesmo que chova, eu vou. -> Mesmo que ___ (chover), eu ___ (ir).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: chovesse / iria
Imperfect subjunctive + conditional.
Match the sentence to its meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He might come
Hypothetical condition.
Conjugate 'fazer' in the present subjunctive. Conjugation Drill

Mesmo que nós ___ (fazer).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: façamos
Correct conjugation.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Vou cancelar. B: Mesmo que você ___ (cancelar), eu vou.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: cancele
Subjunctive.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Mesmo que / eu / querer / não / ir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mesmo que eu queira, não vou.
Correct structure.

Score: /8

Practice Exercises

8 exercises
Fill in the blank with the correct subjunctive form.

Mesmo que ele ___ (falar), não vou ouvir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: fale
Subjunctive required.
Choose the correct sentence. Multiple Choice

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mesmo que chova, vou.
Correct subjunctive usage.
Find the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Mesmo que você tem dinheiro, não compre.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: tem
Should be 'tenha'.
Change to past hypothetical. Sentence Transformation

Mesmo que chova, eu vou. -> Mesmo que ___ (chover), eu ___ (ir).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: chovesse / iria
Imperfect subjunctive + conditional.
Match the sentence to its meaning. Match Pairs

Mesmo que ele venha...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He might come
Hypothetical condition.
Conjugate 'fazer' in the present subjunctive. Conjugation Drill

Mesmo que nós ___ (fazer).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: façamos
Correct conjugation.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Vou cancelar. B: Mesmo que você ___ (cancelar), eu vou.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: cancele
Subjunctive.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

Mesmo que / eu / querer / não / ir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mesmo que eu queira, não vou.
Correct structure.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Conjugate the verb in brackets correctly Fill in the Blank

Eu viajo amanhã mesmo que não ___ (fazer) sol.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: faça
Fix the tense mismatch Error Correction

Eu saí de casa mesmo que chova muito.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eu saí de casa mesmo que chovesse muito.
Rearrange the words to form a correct sentence Sentence Reorder

que / eu / vou / seja / mesmo / longe

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: eu vou mesmo que seja longe
Translate into Portuguese Translation

I am buying it even if it is ugly.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Vou comprar mesmo que seja feio.
Select the option that sounds most natural Multiple Choice

You want to say 'even if I go' to your friend.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mesmo que eu vá
Match the correct form to the sentence context Match Pairs

Eu jogo videogame mesmo que minha mãe não ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: goste
Complete the phrase Fill in the Blank

Nós vamos casar mesmo que nossos pais não ___ (querer).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: queiram
Rearrange the words Sentence Reorder

caro / mesmo / que / eu / pago / seja

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: eu pago mesmo que seja caro
Fix the indicative mistake Error Correction

Eu te ligo amanhã mesmo que estou ocupado.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eu te ligo amanhã mesmo que esteja ocupado.
Which option correctly uses the past tense? Multiple Choice

Even if he was right, I didn't agree.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Mesmo que ele estivesse certo, eu não concordei.

Score: /10

FAQ (8)

In formal writing, no. In casual Brazilian speech, sometimes, but it's better to stick to the subjunctive.

'Mesmo que' is 'even if' (condition), 'embora' is 'although' (fact).

Yes, because it introduces a hypothetical or non-actualized condition.

You use the future subjunctive, not the future indicative.

Yes, it is very common for setting conditions and boundaries.

Use the imperfect subjunctive (e.g., 'Mesmo que chovesse').

Yes, Portugal is stricter with the subjunctive usage.

No, it must introduce the subordinate clause.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

Aunque / Incluso si

Portuguese distinguishes between 'embora' and 'mesmo que' more clearly.

French high

Même si

French uses indicative after 'même si', while Portuguese uses subjunctive.

German moderate

Selbst wenn

German uses a different syntactic structure for the conditional.

Japanese partial

~ても (temo)

Japanese is agglutinative, while Portuguese uses a separate phrase.

Arabic moderate

حتى لو (hatta law)

Arabic uses a specific particle followed by a past tense verb for hypothetical.

Chinese moderate

即使 (jíshǐ)

Chinese has no verb conjugation, unlike Portuguese.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Was this helpful?

Comments (0)

Login to Comment
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts!