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حمله قلبی

B1 noun #7,000 most common 9 min read

حمله قلبی

hamleh qalbi Top 7,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips حمله قلبی in 30 Seconds

Explanation حمله قلبی in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to know the complex medical causes of a heart attack, but you should recognize the words 'قلب' (heart) and 'حمله' (attack). Think of it as a 'very bad sickness of the heart'. You might learn this word when talking about family members or health in a very simple way. For example, 'پدربزرگ من مریض است' (My grandfather is sick). If you see 'حمله قلبی' in a simple text, just know it means a serious emergency. You should focus on the pronunciation of 'Ghalb' and 'Hamle'. At this stage, you might not use the full phrase yourself, but recognizing it in a hospital sign or a basic news headline is a great first step. You can associate 'Ghalb' with the shape of a heart ❤️ and 'Hamle' with something sudden and scary.

At the A2 level, you can start using 'حمله قلبی' in basic sentences. You should be able to say things like 'او حمله قلبی داشت' (He had a heart attack), even if it's not the most perfectly natural Persian (which would be 'دچار شد'). You are beginning to understand health and body parts better. You can describe symptoms simply, like 'قلب درد' (heart pain) or 'بیمارستان' (hospital). You should also be able to recognize the difference between 'حمله قلبی' and a regular 'سرماخوردگی' (cold). When you hear this word in a story or a simple conversation, you understand that the situation is urgent and requires a doctor (dr.). You might also learn the word 'خطرناک' (dangerous) to describe this condition. Practice linking the two words with the 'e' sound: Hamle-ye Ghalbi.

At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'حمله قلبی' confidently in various contexts. You should use the correct verb 'دچار شدن' (to suffer from) and be able to discuss causes and prevention in a basic way. For example, 'چربی خون باعث حمله قلبی می‌شود' (Cholesterol causes heart attacks). You can participate in conversations about health and lifestyle, explaining why someone might be in the hospital. You should also be able to distinguish between 'حمله قلبی' and 'سکته قلبی' and know that they are similar. At this level, you can read short articles about heart health in Persian magazines and understand the main points. You are also expected to know related words like 'علائم' (symptoms) and 'پیشگیری' (prevention).

At the B2 level, you can discuss the medical and social implications of 'حمله قلبی' in detail. You can use more advanced grammatical structures, such as 'اگر او زودتر به بیمارستان می‌رفت، دچار حمله قلبی نمی‌شد' (If he had gone to the hospital sooner, he wouldn't have had a heart attack). You can understand news reports and documentaries about cardiovascular disease without much help. You should be familiar with the nuances between 'حمله قلبی' and 'ایست قلبی' (cardiac arrest) and use them accurately. You can also discuss the impact of stress and diet on heart health using specialized vocabulary like 'فشار خون' (blood pressure) and 'انسداد رگ‌ها' (clogged arteries). Your pronunciation should be clear, especially the guttural 'gh' in 'Ghalbi'.

At the C1 level, you have a near-native understanding of 'حمله قلبی'. you can read academic papers or complex medical reports that use this term alongside technical terms like 'انفارکتوس'. You can discuss public health policies in Iran or other Persian-speaking countries regarding heart disease. You understand the cultural weight of the term and can use it in metaphors or formal speeches. You are comfortable with the Ezafe construction and complex sentence structures involving this term. You can also analyze how the media uses 'حمله قلبی' to create a sense of urgency or to educate the public. Your ability to distinguish between different types of 'attacks' (neurological vs. cardiac) is sharp, and you can explain these differences to others in Persian.

At the C2 level, you use 'حمله قلبی' with the same ease as a native speaker, including in highly specialized medical or legal contexts. You can interpret for doctors or patients, ensuring that the distinction between 'حمله' and 'ایست' is perfectly clear. You are familiar with the history of medical terminology in Persian and how 'حمله قلبی' has evolved from older terms. You can write professional articles or give lectures on heart health, using the term within a broad range of sophisticated vocabulary. You also understand any idiomatic or hyperbolic uses of 'سکته' in literature or slang that might be related to the concept of a heart attack. Your command of the language allows you to navigate the most complex discussions about life, death, and medical science with precision.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

حمله قلبی in 30 Seconds

حمله قلبی is the standard Persian term for a heart attack, used in both medical and everyday life.
It is a compound noun consisting of 'attack' (hamle) and 'heart-related' (ghalbi).
The most common verb used with it is 'dochar shodan' (to suffer from/be afflicted by).
It is often confused with stroke (sekthe maghzi) or cardiac arrest (ist-e ghalbi).

The Persian term حمله قلبی (pronounced as 'Hamle-ye Ghalbi') is a critical medical and everyday phrase used to describe a myocardial infarction, commonly known in English as a heart attack. This term is a compound noun formed by the word 'حمله' (Hamle), meaning 'attack' or 'assault', and 'قلبی' (Ghalbi), which is the adjectival form of 'قلب' (Ghalb), meaning 'heart'. Understanding this term is essential not only for medical professionals but for anyone living in or traveling to a Persian-speaking environment, as it is the standard way to communicate a life-threatening emergency. In the context of Iranian culture and the broader Persian-speaking world, health issues are often discussed with a mix of clinical accuracy and emotional weight. When someone mentions a حمله قلبی, it immediately signals a high level of urgency and concern.

Literal Meaning: The literal translation is 'Heart Attack'. 'Hamle' comes from Arabic but is fully integrated into Persian, while 'Ghalbi' uses the Persian suffix '-i' to denote relation.

Usage Context: It is used in hospitals, news reports, and casual conversations. While doctors might use the term 'سکته قلبی' (Sekthe-ye Ghalbi) more frequently in a clinical setting, 'حمله قلبی' is universally understood and widely used in media headlines.

پدربزرگ من سال گذشته دچار یک حمله قلبی خفیف شد اما خوشبختانه اکنون حالش خوب است.

Translation: My grandfather had a mild heart attack last year, but fortunately, he is doing well now.

In Persian literature and metaphorical speech, the heart is the center of emotion, but unlike 'broken heart' (del-shekaste), حمله قلبی is almost exclusively reserved for the physical medical condition. You would rarely hear this used as a metaphor for sudden shock, unlike the English 'I almost had a heart attack' when surprised; Persians are more likely to say 'سکته کردم' (I had a stroke/heart attack) in a hyperbolic sense to indicate extreme fear or surprise. However, 'حمله قلبی' remains the formal and semi-formal standard. In the news, you will see it in headlines regarding public figures or health statistics. For instance, 'افزایش آمار حمله قلبی در جوانان' (Increase in heart attack statistics among youth) is a common type of headline found in Iranian health journals.

علائم حمله قلبی را جدی بگیرید.

Translation: Take the symptoms of a heart attack seriously.

Grammar Note: The 'e' sound at the end of 'Hamle' (Hamle-ye) is the Ezafe construction, which links the noun to its adjective. Because 'Hamle' ends in a silent 'h', a 'y' sound is added for smooth transition.

او به دلیل حمله قلبی در بیمارستان بستری شد.

Translation: He was hospitalized due to a heart attack.

استرس زیاد می‌تواند باعث حمله قلبی شود.

Translation: High stress can cause a heart attack.

پزشکان توانستند او را پس از حمله قلبی نجات دهند.

Translation: Doctors were able to save him after the heart attack.

Using حمله قلبی correctly requires an understanding of Persian verb collocations and sentence structure. In Persian, the word for heart attack acts as the direct object or the subject of a condition. The most standard way to say 'to have a heart attack' is 'دچار حمله قلبی شدن' (dochar-e hamle-ye ghalbi shodan), where 'dochar shodan' means to be afflicted with or to suffer from. This construction is formal and precise. Another common way, slightly more colloquial but still very common, is 'حمله قلبی دست دادن' (hamle-ye ghalbi dast dadan), which literally translates to 'a heart attack gave a hand', meaning it occurred or happened to someone. For example, 'به او حمله قلبی دست داد' means 'He had a heart attack'.

Common Verb Pairings: 1. دچار شدن (To suffer) 2. کردن (To do - used in the variant 'سکته کردن') 3. رخ دادن (To occur) 4. پیشگیری کردن (To prevent).

ورزش منظم خطر حمله قلبی را کاهش می‌دهد.

Translation: Regular exercise reduces the risk of a heart attack.

When describing the severity of the event, you can use adjectives like 'خفیف' (khafif - mild) or 'شدید' (shadid - severe). These adjectives follow the noun and are linked by the Ezafe. For example, 'حمله قلبی شدید' (hamle-ye ghalbi-ye shadid) means 'a severe heart attack'. In medical reports, you might also see 'حمله قلبی وسیع' (hamle-ye ghalbi-ye vasi'), meaning a massive heart attack. It's also important to note the difference between 'حمله قلبی' and 'ایست قلبی' (ist-e ghalbi). While the former is an 'attack' (blockage of blood flow), the latter is 'cardiac arrest' (the heart stops beating). Using the wrong one in a medical emergency could lead to confusion, though in casual speech, people often use them interchangeably.

او بعد از شنیدن خبر بد، دچار حمله قلبی شد.

Translation: After hearing the bad news, he suffered a heart attack.

Sentence Structure: Subject + (Prepositional Phrase) + دچارِ + حمله قلبی + Verb (شدن). Example: علی دچار حمله قلبی شد.

آیا می‌دانید در هنگام حمله قلبی چه باید کرد؟

Translation: Do you know what to do during a heart attack?

سیگار کشیدن یکی از دلایل اصلی حمله قلبی است.

Translation: Smoking is one of the main causes of heart attacks.

او از حمله قلبی جان سالم به در برد.

Translation: He survived the heart attack.

In everyday life in Iran, Afghanistan, or Tajikistan, you will encounter حمله قلبی in several specific environments. The most common is the evening news or health-related television programs. Iranian national TV often broadcasts segments on cardiovascular health, where doctors discuss 'پیشگیری از حمله قلبی' (prevention of heart attack). You will also hear it in pharmacies (darookhaneh) when people discuss medications for 'بیماران قلبی' (heart patients). In hospitals, specifically in the 'بخش قلب' (cardiology ward), the term is used constantly by staff and families. Interestingly, in Persian culture, there is a deep fear of sudden death, and 'حمله قلبی' is often discussed as a tragic, sudden event that takes away loved ones without warning.

News Media: Headlines often use 'حمله قلبی' for its dramatic and clear impact. Example: 'فوت بازیگر مشهور بر اثر حمله قلبی' (Death of a famous actor due to a heart attack).

اخبار اعلام کرد که وزیر دچار حمله قلبی شده است.

Translation: The news announced that the minister has suffered a heart attack.

Social media in Persian-speaking communities also frequently uses this term. On platforms like Instagram or Telegram, health influencers share infographics titled 'چگونه از حمله قلبی جلوگیری کنیم؟' (How to prevent a heart attack?). In more traditional settings, you might hear older generations using the term 'سکته' (Sekthe) which is a broader term covering both heart attacks and strokes. However, the younger generation and educated urbanites prefer the more specific 'حمله قلبی' when referring to the heart. If you are watching a Persian dubbed medical drama like 'Grey's Anatomy' or 'House', you will hear 'حمله قلبی' used in almost every episode during emergency room scenes.

در فیلم، قهرمان داستان بر اثر حمله قلبی درگذشت.

Translation: In the movie, the protagonist died of a heart attack.

Public Service Announcements: Billboards in Tehran often have health warnings: 'فشار خون بالا، عامل اصلی حمله قلبی' (High blood pressure, the main factor of heart attack).

او در حین مسابقه فوتبال دچار حمله قلبی شد.

Translation: He suffered a heart attack during the football match.

بسیاری از مردم نشانه‌های حمله قلبی را نمی‌شناسند.

Translation: Many people do not know the signs of a heart attack.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning Persian is confusing حمله قلبی (heart attack) with سکته مغزی (stroke). In Persian, the word 'سکته' (Sekthe) is a general term for an infarction or a sudden blockage. If you just say 'He had a Sekthe', people might ask, 'Heart or brain?' (Ghalbi ya Maghzi?). To be clear, you must specify 'قلبی' for heart. Another mistake is using the wrong verb. While in English we 'have' a heart attack, in Persian, you 'become afflicted' (dochar shodan) or it 'occurs' (rokh dadan). Saying 'من یک حمله قلبی داشتم' (I had a heart attack) using the verb 'dashtan' (to have) sounds translated and unnatural. It is better to say 'دچار حمله قلبی شدم'.

Mistake 1: Confusing with Stroke: Don't just say 'سکته'. Always add 'قلبی' if you mean the heart. 'سکته مغزی' is for the brain.

Wrong: او سکته کرد (Vague)
Right: او دچار حمله قلبی شد.

Another common error is the pronunciation of the Ezafe. Many learners forget to add the 'ye' sound between 'Hamle' and 'Ghalbi'. Without it, 'Hamle Ghalbi' sounds like two disconnected words rather than a single concept. Also, be careful with the word 'حمله' (Hamle). If you are in a stressful situation and just yell 'Hamle!', people might think there is a physical attack or a fight breaking out. Context is key. Lastly, don't confuse حمله قلبی with ایست قلبی (cardiac arrest). A heart attack is a circulation problem, while cardiac arrest is an electrical problem where the heart stops. In a medical emergency, being precise can save lives.

اشتباه رایج: استفاده از فعل 'کردن' برای حمله قلبی.

Note: While 'سکته کردن' is common, 'حمله قلبی کردن' is less common than 'دچار حمله قلبی شدن'.

Mistake 2: Preposition Error: When saying 'due to a heart attack', use 'بر اثر' (bar asar-e) or 'به دلیل' (be dalil-e). Don't use 'از' (az) alone.

او بر اثر حمله قلبی فوت کرد.

Translation: He passed away due to a heart attack.

نباید حمله قلبی را با سوزش معده اشتباه گرفت.

Translation: One should not mistake a heart attack for heartburn.

While حمله قلبی is the most direct translation for 'heart attack', Persian offers several other terms depending on the register and the specific medical situation. The most common alternative is سکته قلبی (Sekthe-ye Ghalbi). This is often used by doctors and is the technical term for myocardial infarction. In everyday speech, you might just hear 'سکته' (Sekthe), but as mentioned before, this is ambiguous. Another related term is ایست قلبی (Ist-e Ghalbi), which means 'cardiac arrest'. It's important to differentiate: an 'attack' (Hamle) is often survivable and involves tissue damage, while an 'arrest' (Ist) means the heart has stopped and requires immediate CPR.

حمله قلبی vs. سکته قلبی: 'Hamle' sounds more like a sudden event/attack, while 'Sekthe' sounds more like a medical condition or blockage. They are 95% interchangeable.

پزشک گفت که او دچار یک سکته قلبی خفیف شده است.

Translation: The doctor said he had a mild heart attack (using 'Sekthe').

For more specific conditions, you might hear نارسایی قلبی (Naresayi-ye Ghalbi), which means 'heart failure'—a chronic condition where the heart doesn't pump well. Another term is درد قفسه سینه (Dard-e Ghafase-ye Sineh), which means 'chest pain' (angina), often a precursor to a heart attack. If someone is experiencing the symptoms, they might say 'قلبم درد می‌کند' (My heart hurts) or 'تنگی نفس دارم' (I have shortness of breath). Understanding these nuances helps in providing accurate information to medical personnel. In very formal or academic medical Persian, you might even see the transliterated 'انفارکتوس میوکارد' (Infarctus-e Myocard), though this is strictly for medical textbooks.

او به جای حمله قلبی، فقط دچار اضطراب شده بود.

Translation: Instead of a heart attack, he was just suffering from anxiety.

Related Terms: 1. فشار خون (Blood pressure) 2. چربی خون (Cholesterol) 3. رگ‌های قلب (Heart arteries) 4. جراحی قلب (Heart surgery).

بسیاری از بیماران بعد از حمله قلبی نیاز به آنژیوگرافی دارند.

Translation: Many patients need angiography after a heart attack.

تفاوت بین حمله قلبی و ایست قلبی بسیار حیاتی است.

Translation: The difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest is very vital.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

In ancient Persian medicine (Avicenna's time), the heart was seen as the source of 'Vital Spirit'. While 'Hamle Ghalbi' is a modern term, the concept of sudden heart failure has been studied for over a thousand years in the region.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /hæm.le.je ɡæl.biː/

US /hɑːm.le.je ɡɑːl.biː/

Stress is on the last syllable of 'Hamle' and the last syllable of 'Ghalbi'.

Rhymes With

سلبی (Salbi) حلبی (Halabi) طلبی (Talabi) مذهبی (Mazhabi) عربی (Arabi) ادبی (Adabi) نسبی (Nasbi) غربی (Gharbi)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'Ghalbi' with a hard English 'G' instead of the Persian 'Gh'.
Omitting the Ezafe 'ye' sound between the two words.
Pronouncing 'Hamle' like the English 'ham' (meat) too strongly.
Stressing the first syllable instead of the last.
Mixing up the 'a' sound in 'Hamle' with a long 'oo' sound.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Requires knowledge of the Ezafe and Arabic-rooted vocabulary.

Writing 4/5

Spelling 'Ghalbi' with 'Gh' (ق) and 'Hamle' with 'H' (ح) can be tricky.

Speaking 3/5

The guttural 'Gh' sound requires practice for English speakers.

Listening 3/5

Easily recognized in context, but can be confused with 'Sekthe'.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

قلب (Heart) حمله (Attack) دچار (Afflicted) درد (Pain) بیمارستان (Hospital)

Learn Next

سکته مغزی (Stroke) فشار خون (Blood pressure) دیابت (Diabetes) اورژانس (Emergency) جراحی (Surgery)

Advanced

آنژیوگرافی الکتروکاردیوگرام نارسایی احتقانی قلب آریتمی کاردیولوژی

Grammar to Know

Ezafe Construction

حملهِ قلبی (The 'e' links attack and heart).

Compound Verbs with 'Shodan'

دچار شدن (To become afflicted).

Adjective Placement

حمله قلبی شدید (Adjective 'shadid' comes after the noun phrase).

Prepositional Phrases for Cause

بر اثرِ حمله قلبی (Due to a heart attack).

Pluralization of Compound Nouns

حملات قلبی (Only the first part 'hamle' becomes 'hamalat').

Examples by Level

او حمله قلبی داشت.

He had a heart attack.

Simple subject-verb-object structure.

حمله قلبی بد است.

Heart attack is bad.

Basic adjective use.

قلب او درد می‌کند.

His heart hurts.

Present tense verb 'dard mikonad'.

دکتر برای حمله قلبی آمد.

The doctor came for the heart attack.

Past tense verb 'amad'.

او در بیمارستان است.

He is in the hospital.

Preposition 'dar' (in).

پدربزرگ حمله قلبی کرد.

Grandfather had a heart attack.

Using 'kardan' as a simple auxiliary.

آیا این یک حمله قلبی است؟

Is this a heart attack?

Simple question structure.

او زنده ماند.

He survived.

Simple past tense.

او به دلیل حمله قلبی در بیمارستان است.

He is in the hospital because of a heart attack.

Use of 'be dalil-e' (because of).

حمله قلبی خیلی خطرناک است.

A heart attack is very dangerous.

Adverb 'kheyli' (very).

پدرم پارسال دچار حمله قلبی شد.

My father suffered a heart attack last year.

Use of 'parsal' (last year) and 'dochar shodan'.

علائم حمله قلبی چیست؟

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

Plural noun 'ala'em' (symptoms).

او باید بعد از حمله قلبی استراحت کند.

He must rest after the heart attack.

Modal verb 'bayad' (must).

دوستم از حمله قلبی می‌ترسد.

My friend is afraid of heart attacks.

Verb 'tarsidan' (to fear) with 'az'.

غذای چرب برای حمله قلبی بد است.

Fatty food is bad for heart attacks.

Adjective 'charb' (fatty).

او سریع به دکتر زنگ زد.

He called the doctor quickly.

Adverb 'sari' (quickly).

استرس زیاد می‌تواند یکی از دلایل حمله قلبی باشد.

High stress can be one of the reasons for a heart attack.

Use of 'mitavanad' (can).

او بعد از حمله قلبی، سیگار را ترک کرد.

After the heart attack, he quit smoking.

Verb 'tark kardan' (to quit).

پزشکان می‌گویند ورزش از حمله قلبی پیشگیری می‌کند.

Doctors say exercise prevents heart attacks.

Subordinate clause with 'migooyand ke'.

او به سرعت بعد از حمله قلبی جراحی شد.

He was operated on quickly after the heart attack.

Passive voice 'jarahi shod'.

خانواده‌اش نگران حمله قلبی دوباره او هستند.

His family is worried about him having another heart attack.

Adjective 'negaran' (worried).

او داروهایش را برای جلوگیری از حمله قلبی می‌خورد.

He takes his medicine to prevent a heart attack.

Purpose clause with 'baraye'.

آیا حمله قلبی همیشه با درد قفسه سینه همراه است؟

Is a heart attack always accompanied by chest pain?

Use of 'hamrah' (accompanied).

بسیاری از مردم از خطرات حمله قلبی آگاه نیستند.

Many people are not aware of the dangers of heart attacks.

Adjective 'agah' (aware).

اگر علائم حمله قلبی را می‌شناخت، زودتر اقدام می‌کرد.

If he knew the symptoms of a heart attack, he would have acted sooner.

Conditional type 2 structure.

حمله قلبی می‌تواند تاثیرات بلندمدتی بر زندگی فرد داشته باشد.

A heart attack can have long-term effects on a person's life.

Compound adjective 'boland-modat' (long-term).

تحقیقات نشان می‌دهد که آلودگی هوا خطر حمله قلبی را افزایش می‌دهد.

Research shows that air pollution increases the risk of heart attacks.

Verb 'afzayesh dadan' (to increase).

او پس از گذراندن یک حمله قلبی شدید، سبک زندگی خود را تغییر داد.

After going through a severe heart attack, he changed his lifestyle.

Gerund 'gozarandan' (passing/going through).

تیم پزشکی موفق شد بیمار را پس از حمله قلبی احیا کند.

The medical team succeeded in resuscitating the patient after the heart attack.

Verb 'ehya kardan' (to resuscitate).

فشار خون بالا به عنوان قاتل خاموش و عامل حمله قلبی شناخته می‌شود.

High blood pressure is known as the silent killer and a factor in heart attacks.

Passive construction 'shenakhte mishavad'.

او به دلیل سابقه خانوادگی، بسیار مراقب حمله قلبی است.

Due to family history, he is very careful about heart attacks.

Noun phrase 'sabeghe-ye khanevadegi'.

آموزش کمک‌های اولیه برای مقابله با حمله قلبی ضروری است.

First aid training is essential for dealing with heart attacks.

Noun 'moghabeleh' (dealing with/confronting).

پیامدهای روانی پس از حمله قلبی اغلب نادیده گرفته می‌شوند.

The psychological consequences after a heart attack are often ignored.

Complex plural subject and passive verb.

پیشرفت‌های پزشکی نرخ مرگ و میر ناشی از حمله قلبی را به شدت کاهش داده است.

Medical advances have drastically reduced the mortality rate caused by heart attacks.

Present perfect tense 'kahesh dade ast'.

تشخیص افتراقی بین حمله قلبی و دردهای عصبی گاهی دشوار است.

Differential diagnosis between a heart attack and nerve pain is sometimes difficult.

Technical term 'tashkhis-e efteraghi'.

او به عنوان سخنران، درباره اهمیت بازتوانی پس از حمله قلبی صحبت کرد.

As a speaker, he talked about the importance of rehabilitation after a heart attack.

Noun 'baztavani' (rehabilitation).

دولت باید بودجه بیشتری را صرف پیشگیری از حمله قلبی در جامعه کند.

The government should spend more budget on heart attack prevention in society.

Subjunctive mood 'sarf konad'.

ارتباط مستقیمی بین رژیم غذایی ناسالم و وقوع حمله قلبی وجود دارد.

There is a direct link between an unhealthy diet and the occurrence of heart attacks.

Noun 'voghuh' (occurrence).

بیماران باید از تداخلات دارویی که ممکن است منجر به حمله قلبی شوند، آگاه باشند.

Patients must be aware of drug interactions that may lead to a heart attack.

Relative clause starting with 'ke'.

درک فیزیولوژی حمله قلبی برای دانشجویان پزشکی الزامی است.

Understanding the physiology of a heart attack is mandatory for medical students.

Formal noun 'fiziolozhi'.

تبیین سازوکارهای مولکولی درگیر در حمله قلبی، دریچه‌ای نو به درمان گشوده است.

Explaining the molecular mechanisms involved in a heart attack has opened a new window to treatment.

Highly formal academic vocabulary.

وی در رساله خود به بررسی اپیدمیولوژیک حمله قلبی در مناطق محروم پرداخت.

In his thesis, he addressed the epidemiological study of heart attacks in underprivileged areas.

Use of 'be ... pardakht' (addressed/dealt with).

پیچیدگی‌های اخلاقی در احیای بیماران پس از حمله قلبی وسیع، همواره مورد بحث بوده است.

The ethical complexities in resuscitating patients after a massive heart attack have always been debated.

Abstract noun 'pichidegi' (complexity).

تصلب شرایین، پیش‌درآمدی اجتناب‌ناپذیر برای بسیاری از حملات قلبی به شمار می‌رود.

Atherosclerosis is considered an inevitable precursor to many heart attacks.

Formal phrase 'be shomar miravad' (is considered).

او با ظرافتی خاص، ترس از حمله قلبی را در رمان جدیدش به تصویر کشیده است.

With a specific elegance, he depicted the fear of heart attacks in his new novel.

Literary phrase 'be tasvir keshidan'.

برنامه‌های جامع غربالگری می‌توانند بار مالی ناشی از حمله قلبی را بر سیستم سلامت کاهش دهند.

Comprehensive screening programs can reduce the financial burden of heart attacks on the health system.

Compound noun 'ghalbal-gari' (screening).

تغییر پارادایم در مدیریت بحران حمله قلبی مستلزم همکاری‌های بین‌بخشی است.

A paradigm shift in heart attack crisis management requires inter-sectoral cooperation.

Transliterated term 'paradaym'.

ماهیت ناگهانی حمله قلبی، چالش‌های منحصر به فردی را برای فوریت‌های پزشکی ایجاد می‌کند.

The sudden nature of a heart attack creates unique challenges for medical emergencies.

Formal noun 'mahiyat' (nature/essence).

Common Collocations

دچار حمله قلبی شدن

حمله قلبی شدید

علائم حمله قلبی

پیشگیری از حمله قلبی

خطر حمله قلبی

بعد از حمله قلبی

دلیل حمله قلبی

حمله قلبی خفیف

سابقه حمله قلبی

مرگ بر اثر حمله قلبی

Common Phrases

قلبش ضعیف است

— His heart is weak. Often used for someone prone to heart issues.

پدربزرگم را ناراحت نکنید، قلبش ضعیف است.

به قلبش فشار آمد

— His heart was strained. Used after physical or emotional stress.

در حین کوهنوردی به قلبش فشار آمد.

دکتر متخصص قلب

— Cardiologist. A doctor specializing in the heart.

او باید به یک دکتر متخصص قلب مراجعه کند.

بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه

— ICU. Where heart attack patients are often kept.

او در بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه بستری است.

قرص زیرزبانی

— Nitroglycerin pill. Common emergency medicine for heart pain.

او همیشه قرص زیرزبانی همراه خود دارد.

نوار قلب

— ECG/EKG. A test to check the heart's rhythm.

دکتر از او نوار قلب گرفت.

عمل قلب باز

— Open heart surgery. A major procedure.

او ماه آینده عمل قلب باز دارد.

باطری قلب

— Pacemaker. A device to regulate the heart.

او برای تنظیم ضربان قلبش، باطری قلب گذاشته است.

آنژیوگرافی قلب

— Angiography. A procedure to look at heart vessels.

نتایج آنژیوگرافی قلب او خوب بود.

صدای قلب

— Heartbeat sound. Often used in medical or romantic contexts.

دکتر با گوشی به صدای قلب او گوش داد.

Often Confused With

حمله قلبی vs ایست قلبی

Cardiac arrest (the heart stops) vs. Heart attack (blood flow blocked).

حمله قلبی vs سکته مغزی

Stroke (brain) vs. Heart attack (heart).

حمله قلبی vs حمله عصبی

Panic attack (nerves/anxiety) vs. Heart attack (physical heart issue).

Idioms & Expressions

"قلبم ریخت"

— My heart dropped. Used to describe sudden fear or shock.

وقتی صدای تصادف را شنیدم، قلبم ریخت.

Informal

"سکته کردن (از ترس)"

— To have a heart attack (from fear). Used hyperbolically.

وقتی او را دیدم، از ترس سکته کردم!

Slang/Informal

"قلبش مثل ساعت کار می‌کند"

— His heart works like a clock. Means he is in perfect health.

دکتر گفت قلبش مثل ساعت کار می‌کند.

Informal

"دل‌شوره داشتن"

— To have heart-wash (anxiety). Feeling uneasy in the chest.

از صبح برای امتحان دل‌شوره دارم.

General

"قلب مهربانی داشتن"

— To have a kind heart. Unrelated to medical issues.

او واقعاً قلب مهربانی دارد.

General

"مثل قلب تپنده"

— Like a beating heart. Used for the center of a city or project.

این بازار قلب تپنده شهر است.

Literary

"با تمام قلب"

— With all one's heart. Sincere or wholehearted.

با تمام قلبم تو را دوست دارم.

General

"قلب کسی را شکستن"

— To break someone's heart. Emotional pain.

او با حرف‌هایش قلب مرا شکست.

General

"توی دل کسی را خالی کردن"

— To empty someone's heart. To discourage or scare someone.

با این حرف‌ها توی دل مرا خالی نکن.

Informal

"دل به دریا زدن"

— To hit the heart to the sea. To take a big risk.

او دل به دریا زد و شغلش را رها کرد.

Informal

Easily Confused

حمله قلبی vs سکته

It can mean either heart attack or stroke.

Sekthe is a general term for any infarction. You must add 'Ghalbi' (heart) or 'Maghzi' (brain) to be specific.

او سکته کرد (Vague) vs. او دچار حمله قلبی شد (Specific).

حمله قلبی vs تپش قلب

Both involve the heart.

Tapash-e Ghalb means heart palpitations or a racing heart, which is a symptom, not the attack itself.

او تپش قلب دارد اما حمله قلبی نکرده است.

حمله قلبی vs درد معده

Symptoms can feel similar in the chest area.

Dard-e Ma'de is stomach pain. People often mistake heart attacks for indigestion.

او فکر کرد درد معده است، اما حمله قلبی بود.

حمله قلبی vs نارسایی

Both are heart conditions.

Naresayi is failure (chronic), Hamle is attack (acute/sudden).

نارسایی قلبی درمان متفاوتی نسبت به حمله قلبی دارد.

حمله قلبی vs فشار خون

Closely related in health discussions.

Feshar-e Khoon is blood pressure (the cause), Hamle Ghalbi is the event (the result).

فشار خون بالا می‌تواند منجر به حمله قلبی شود.

Sentence Patterns

[Subject] حمله قلبی داشت.

او حمله قلبی داشت.

[Subject] دچار حمله قلبی شد.

علی دچار حمله قلبی شد.

[Reason] باعث حمله قلبی می‌شود.

سیگار باعث حمله قلبی می‌شود.

برای پیشگیری از حمله قلبی باید [Action].

برای پیشگیری از حمله قلبی باید ورزش کرد.

نرخ مرگ و میر ناشی از حمله قلبی [Verb].

نرخ مرگ و میر ناشی از حمله قلبی کاهش یافته است.

علائم حمله قلبی در [Group] متفاوت است.

علائم حمله قلبی در زنان متفاوت است.

تبیینِ [Concept] در حمله قلبی ضروری است.

تبیینِ سازوکارهایِ فیزیولوژیک در حمله قلبی ضروری است.

حمله قلبی به مثابهِ [Metaphor].

حمله قلبی به مثابهِ یک بحرانِ وجودی در آثار اوست.

Word Family

Nouns

قلب (Heart)

حمله (Attack)

سکته (Stroke/Infarction)

قلب‌شناس (Cardiologist - rare)

قلب‌شناسی (Cardiology)

Verbs

حمله کردن (To attack)

سکته کردن (To have a heart attack/stroke)

تپیدن (To beat/pulsate)

Adjectives

قلبی (Cardiac/Heart-related)

حمله‌ای (Attack-like/Paroxysmal)

پرتحرک (Active - related to prevention)

بیمارستان

آمبولانس

پزشک

دارو

استرس

How to Use It

frequency

Common in health, news, and elderly care contexts.

Common Mistakes

او حمله قلبی داشت. → او دچار حمله قلبی شد.
In Persian, we use 'dochar shodan' (to suffer from) rather than 'dashtan' (to have) for medical conditions like heart attacks.
او سکته کرد (when meaning heart attack specifically). → او دچار حمله قلبی شد.
Just saying 'Sekthe' is ambiguous as it can also mean a stroke. Always specify 'Ghalbi'.
حمله قلبی شدیداً → حمله قلبی شدید
Do not use the adverbial '-an' suffix for the adjective 'shadid' in this phrase. Use the simple adjective form.
مرگ از حمله قلبی → مرگ بر اثر حمله قلبی
The correct preposition for 'due to' in a medical/cause-of-death context is 'bar asar-e'.
حملهِ قلب → حملهِ قلبی
You need the adjectival form 'Ghalbi' (heart-related), not the noun 'Ghalb' (heart), to modify 'Hamle'.

Tips

Watch the Ezafe

Don't forget the 'ye' sound in 'Hamle-ye Ghalbi'. It connects the noun to the adjective and is vital for correct grammar.

Use 'Dochar'

Instead of saying 'I had' (dashtam), use 'dochar shodam'. It sounds much more native and medically accurate in Persian.

Emotional Weight

When someone mentions a heart attack, express sympathy immediately with phrases like 'Ishalla behtar mishan' (Hopefully they get better).

The 'Gh' Sound

Practice the 'Gh' sound in 'Ghalbi' by gargling water; it's that same area in the back of your throat.

Precision

In a hospital, use 'سکته قلبی' to sound more informed, but 'حمله قلبی' is perfectly fine and understood by everyone.

Spelling 'Hamle'

Make sure to use 'ح' (He-ye Jimi) and not 'ه' (He-ye Do-cheshm) when writing 'حمله'.

Context Clues

If you see 'قلب' and 'بیمارستان', the word 'حمله' nearby almost certainly means heart attack.

Emergency Phrases

Learn 'او حمله قلبی کرده' (He has had a heart attack) as a set phrase for emergencies.

News Vocabulary

News readers speak fast; listen for the 'Hamle' and 'Ghalbi' sounds specifically in health segments.

Word Roots

Knowing 'Ghalb' (Heart) will help you learn many other words like 'Ghalbi' (Cardiac) and 'Ghalban' (Sincerely).

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'Ham' (Hamle) sandwich attacking a 'Gull' (Ghalbi) on a beach. Ham-le Ghal-bi.

Visual Association

Visualize a red heart (Ghalb) with a small sword or lightning bolt (Hamle) hitting it.

Word Web

Heart Attack Doctor Hospital Chest pain Emergency Artery Blood

Challenge

Try to explain three symptoms of a heart attack in Persian to a friend using the word 'حمله قلبی' twice.

Word Origin

The word 'حمله' (Hamle) is of Arabic origin (حملة), meaning a charge or attack. 'قلب' (Ghalb) is also Arabic (قلب), meaning heart or center. The suffix '-i' is Persian, creating an adjective. These two were combined in modern Persian to translate the Western medical concept of a heart attack.

Original meaning: A sudden assault on the heart.

Afro-Asiatic (Arabic roots) with Indo-European (Persian) grammar and suffixes.

Cultural Context

Be sensitive when discussing this topic as it refers to a life-threatening condition. Avoid using it jokingly unless you are very familiar with the person.

In English, 'heart attack' is used casually ('You gave me a heart attack!'). In Persian, 'Sekthe' is used for this hyperbole, while 'Hamle Ghalbi' remains more serious.

Abbas Kiarostami, the famous filmmaker, had heart-related issues discussed in Iranian media. Many famous Persian poets use 'Ghalb' (Heart) as a central theme, though not in a medical sense. Iranian health campaigns on TV often use the term 'حمله قلبی' to educate the public.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Hospital Emergency Room

او دچار حمله قلبی شده است.
سریع دکتر را صدا کنید!
او درد قفسه سینه دارد.
اکسیژن بیاورید.

Health News

آمار حمله قلبی رو به افزایش است.
رژیم غذایی سالم بسیار مهم است.
ورزش خطر را کاهش می‌دهد.
تحقیقات جدید در مورد قلب.

Family Conversation

دایی‌ام حمله قلبی کرده.
خداروشکر الان بهتره.
باید بیشتر مراقب خودش باشه.
دکتر چی گفت؟

Pharmacy

این دارو برای بیماران قلبی است؟
نسخه برای حمله قلبی دارم.
عوارض این قرص چیست؟
آیا این برای فشار خون است؟

Fitness/Gym

زیاد به خودت فشار نیار.
برای قلبت خوبه.
ضربان قلبت چنده؟
ورزش هوازی برای قلب عالیه.

Conversation Starters

"آیا در خانواده شما کسی سابقه حمله قلبی دارد؟ (Does anyone in your family have a history of heart attack?)"

"به نظر شما استرس چقدر در حمله قلبی موثر است؟ (How much do you think stress affects heart attacks?)"

"چگونه می‌توانیم از حمله قلبی در سنین پایین جلوگیری کنیم؟ (How can we prevent heart attacks at a young age?)"

"اگر کسی جلوی شما دچار حمله قلبی شود، چه کار می‌کنید؟ (What would you do if someone had a heart attack in front of you?)"

"آیا می‌دانید نشانه‌های حمله قلبی در زنان و مردان متفاوت است؟ (Do you know heart attack signs are different in men and women?)"

Journal Prompts

درباره اهمیت سلامتی قلب و راه‌های پیشگیری از بیماری‌های قلبی بنویسید. (Write about the importance of heart health and ways to prevent heart diseases.)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره کسی که از یک حمله قلبی نجات یافته بنویسید. (Write a short story about someone who survived a heart attack.)

نظر خود را درباره سیستم بهداشتی کشورتان در مواجهه با فوریت‌های قلبی بیان کنید. (Express your opinion about your country's health system in dealing with heart emergencies.)

چرا امروزه آمار حمله قلبی در میان جوانان زیاد شده است؟ تحلیل کنید. (Analyze why heart attack statistics among youth have increased today.)

نامه‌ای به یک دوست بنویسید و او را به زندگی سالم‌تر برای دوری از خطر حمله قلبی تشویق کنید. (Write a letter to a friend encouraging them to live healthier to avoid heart attack risk.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

The most common and accurate way is 'حمله قلبی' (Hamle-ye Ghalbi). You can also use 'سکته قلبی' (Sekthe-ye Ghalbi) in medical contexts.

'Hamle' literally means attack, while 'Sekthe' is a more general medical term for an infarction. They are mostly used interchangeably for heart attacks.

It is neutral to formal. It's used in news, hospitals, and polite conversation. The informal version is often just 'سکته کردن'.

The most natural verb is 'دچار شدن' (to suffer from). For example: 'او دچار حمله قلبی شد'.

The 'Gh' is a guttural sound like the French 'r' but further back in the throat. It is not a hard 'G' like 'Go'.

No, for a panic attack you should use 'حمله عصبی' (Hamle-ye Asabi) or 'حمله پانیک'.

You should say: 'او بر اثر حمله قلبی فوت کرد' (He passed away due to a heart attack).

Yes, cardiovascular disease is a major health concern in Iran, and the term is very common in public health awareness.

The plural is 'حملات قلبی' (Hamalat-e Ghalbi).

You say 'حمله قلبی خفیف' (Hamle-ye Ghalbi-ye khafif).