हिस्सेदारी करना in 30 Seconds
- A formal verb for sharing, partnering, or participating in a project or business.
- Implies having a 'stake' (hissa) rather than just being a spectator.
- Commonly used in business, law, politics, and serious emotional contexts.
- Grammatically feminine: 'Hissedari ki' is correct for past tense.
The Hindi verb हिस्सेदारी करना (hissedari karna) is a compound verb that translates to 'to share', 'to participate', or 'to have a stake' in something. It is derived from the Urdu/Persian word 'hissa' (part/portion) and the suffix 'dari' (holding/having), combined with the Hindi helper verb 'karna' (to do). While simple words like 'baantna' refer to the physical act of dividing an object, 'hissedari karna' implies a more formal, structural, or emotional involvement in a collective endeavor. It is the go-to term when discussing business equity, community participation, or the sharing of burdens and joys in a relationship.
- Business Context
- In the corporate world, this refers to equity participation. If you invest in a startup, you are performing 'hissedari'. It suggests ownership and the right to a portion of the profits or losses.
- Social Context
- When a community comes together for a festival or a clean-up drive, every individual is said to 'hissedari karna' in the progress of the society. Here, it leans closer to 'participation'.
- Relational Context
- In friendships or marriages, it refers to sharing the 'bojh' (burden) or 'khushi' (happiness). It implies a 50/50 partnership where both parties are equally invested.
नये प्रोजेक्ट में हमें बराबरी की हिस्सेदारी करनी चाहिए। (We should have an equal share/participation in the new project.)
Understanding the nuance of 'hissedari' requires looking at the word 'hissa'. In rural India, when a harvest is reaped, the 'hissedari' defines how much grain each laboring family receives. This deep-rooted cultural sense of 'rightful portion' carries over into modern usage. It is not just about 'taking' a part, but often about 'contributing' to the whole to earn that part. This dual directionality—giving and receiving—is what makes the verb unique compared to 'shamil hona' (to join) or 'bhag lena' (to participate).
गाँव के विकास में हर नागरिक ने हिस्सेदारी की। (Every citizen participated in the development of the village.)
The verb is also frequently used in legal and property discussions. If brothers are dividing an ancestral home, they are negotiating their 'hissedari'. In this context, the verb 'karna' might be replaced by 'baantna' (to divide), but 'hissedari karna' remains the act of establishing those shares. It conveys a sense of justice and proportional distribution. In modern Hindi media, you will often hear this word in the context of 'Mahila Hissedari' (Women's participation/stake) in the workforce or politics, emphasizing that women should not just be present, but have a defining stake in the outcome.
व्यापार में घाटा होने पर भी उसने अपनी हिस्सेदारी निभाई। (Even when there was a loss in business, he fulfilled his share/responsibility.)
Using हिस्सेदारी करना correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure as a 'Karna' compound verb. It functions similarly to 'kaam karna' or 'intezar karna'. The gender and number of the verb often depend on the tense and the subject, but since 'hissedari' is a feminine noun, in certain ergative constructions (Past Tense with 'ne'), the verb will take the feminine form 'ki'.
- Present Tense (Habitual)
- वह हर सामाजिक कार्य में हिस्सेदारी करता है। (He participates in every social work.) Here, it describes a regular habit of involvement.
- Past Tense (Perfective)
- हमने उस कंपनी में हिस्सेदारी की। (We took a stake in that company.) Notice 'ki' matches the feminine 'hissedari'.
- Future Tense
- क्या आप हमारे साथ हिस्सेदारी करेंगे? (Will you partner/share with us?) This is a formal way to propose a collaboration.
सफलता में सबकी हिस्सेदारी करनी चाहिए। (Everyone should share in the success.)
When constructing complex sentences, you will often find 'hissedari' paired with adjectives like 'barabari ki' (equal), 'mahatvapurna' (important), or 'sajhi' (joint). For example, 'Sajhi hissedari karna' means to engage in a joint partnership. In a legal sense, 'hissedari karna' might involve signing a 'hissedari sanvad' (partnership deed). For learners, the key is to remember that you are 'doing' (karna) the 'sharing' (hissedari).
उसने संपत्ति में अपनी हिस्सेदारी करने से मना कर दिया। (He refused to take his share in the property.)
In conversational Hindi, especially among the youth or in professional settings, you might hear 'share karna' (using the English loanword). However, 'hissedari karna' remains the standard for formal writing, news broadcasting, and serious discussions. It carries a weight of responsibility that 'share karna' sometimes lacks. For instance, in a political debate about minority rights, a speaker would demand 'satta mein hissedari' (participation in power), never 'satta mein sharing'.
क्या बच्चों को घर के कामों में हिस्सेदारी करनी चाहिए? (Should children participate/share in household chores?)
Lastly, consider the emotional aspect. To 'hissedari karna' in someone's 'dukh-dard' (pain and suffering) is a common poetic and colloquial expression. It means to empathize so deeply that you take on a portion of their pain. This shows the verb's versatility—from cold business transactions to the warmest of human emotions.
The word हिस्सेदारी करना is ubiquitous in Indian public life. If you turn on a Hindi news channel like NDTV India or Aaj Tak, you are almost guaranteed to hear it within an hour. It is a staple of political discourse, especially during election cycles. Politicians often promise 'bhagidari' and 'hissedari' to different castes or economic groups, suggesting that if elected, those groups will have a real stake in the government's decisions and resources.
- News & Media
- 'Bharat ki arthvyavastha mein mahilayon ki hissedari badh rahi hai.' (Women's participation in India's economy is increasing.) This is a classic headline structure.
- Corporate Meetings
- In Mumbai's boardrooms, when discussing 'Equity Stake', the Hindi translation used in official documents is 'Hissedari'. 'Humein is startup mein 20% hissedari karni chahiye.'
- Legal & Family Disputes
- In courtrooms or during 'Panchayat' (village council) meetings, the division of land is all about 'hissedari'. 'Zameen mein hissedari karna' is the legal act of partitioning.
फिल्मों में भी, जब दो विलेन लूट के माल का बंटवारा करते हैं, तो वे हिस्सेदारी की बात करते हैं। (In movies too, when two villains divide the loot, they talk about their share.)
Beyond the formal, you'll hear it in sports commentary. While 'playing' is 'khelna', a commentator might say a particular player's 'hissedari' (contribution/participation) was crucial to the team's victory. This elevates the player's role from just a participant to a stakeholder in the win. In literature, particularly in the works of Premchand or modern Hindi novelists, the word is used to describe the intricate social contracts of village life, where every ritual and every harvest involves a carefully negotiated 'hissedari'.
In the digital age, you might see this word on crowdfunding platforms or investment apps like Groww or Zerodha (in their Hindi interfaces). Instead of 'Invest', they might use terms related to 'hissedari' to explain that you are buying a part of a company. Even in social media activism, hashtags like #Hissedari are used to demand representation for marginalized communities in various sectors of society.
Learning to use हिस्सेदारी करना can be tricky because it overlaps with several other verbs. The most common mistake is confusing it with बाँटना (baantna). While 'baantna' is the act of giving out parts to others (distributing), 'hissedari karna' is the act of taking or having a part in a collective whole. If you say 'Maine cake ki hissedari ki', it sounds like you entered into a legal partnership with a cake, which is nonsensical. You should say 'Maine cake baanta'.
- Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Bhag Lena'
- Incorrect: 'Maine race mein hissedari ki.' (I took a stake in the race). Correct: 'Maine race mein bhag liya.' (I participated in the race). Use 'hissedari' when there's an ownership or long-term stake.
- Mistake 2: Wrong Postposition
- Incorrect: 'Usne mere se hissedari ki.' Correct: 'Usne mere saath hissedari ki' (He partnered with me) or 'Usne kaam mein hissedari ki' (He participated in the work).
गलत: मैंने अपनी रोटी की हिस्सेदारी की। (Wrong context for simple sharing of food.)
Another error is using it as an intransitive verb. 'Hissedari' is a noun being used as an object for 'karna'. Beginners often forget that 'hissedari' is feminine. In the past tense, you must say 'ki' (feminine) regardless of the subject's gender if the object 'hissedari' is what the 'ne' subject acted upon. Example: 'Ram ne hissedari ki' (Ram participated/partnered). Saying 'Ram ne hissedari kiya' is a common grammatical slip-up even among some native speakers in certain dialects, but it is technically incorrect in Standard Hindi.
Finally, don't over-formalize your speech. In a very casual setting, like sharing a pizza with friends, 'hissedari karna' sounds overly dramatic or like a business deal. Use 'mil-baantkar khana' (to eat by sharing) instead. Reserve 'hissedari' for situations where the 'share' is a significant, defined portion of something larger, like a project, a property, or a lifelong commitment.
To truly master हिस्सेदारी करना, you must see how it sits in a family of related terms. Hindi has a rich vocabulary for 'sharing' and 'participation', each with a specific flavor. Depending on whether you are in a courtroom, a kitchen, or a playground, your choice of word will change.
- साझेदारी करना (Sajhedari Karna)
- This is almost a perfect synonym for business. 'Sajhedari' specifically means 'partnership'. While 'hissedari' focuses on the 'share', 'sajhedari' focuses on the 'relationship' between the partners. Use this for legal partnerships.
- भागीदारी करना (Bhagidari Karna)
- More common in governance and social contexts. 'Jan-bhagidari' (Public participation) is a government buzzword. It sounds more formal and 'Sanskritized' than 'hissedari'.
- शामिल होना (Shamil Hona)
- To be included or to join. It doesn't necessarily imply a 'share' or 'stake'. You can be 'shamil' in a crowd without having any 'hissedari' in the event's outcome.
तुलना: 'हिस्सेदारी' में मालिकाना हक (ownership) का भाव होता है, जबकि 'भागीदारी' में केवल योगदान (contribution) का।
For physical objects, use बाँटना (Baantna). For example, 'khana baantna' (to distribute food). If you want to say 'to share a secret', use साझा करना (Sajha karna). 'Sajha' is a very versatile word that is increasingly used in modern Hindi as a direct translation for the English 'to share' (on social media, etc.). 'Apne vichaar sajha karein' (Share your thoughts).
In summary, choose 'hissedari karna' when you want to emphasize that someone has a rightful, defined, and significant part in a project, business, or responsibility. It is the word of 'stakes'. If you are just joining in for fun, use 'bhag lena'. If you are giving things away, use 'baantna'. If you are building a formal business together, use 'sajhedari karna'.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The word 'Hissa' is used in many Indian languages including Marathi, Bengali, and Punjabi, showing the deep influence of Persian on the administrative and legal vocabulary of the Indian subcontinent.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing 'hisse' as 'hise' (single 's'). It must be a geminate (double) consonant.
- Misgendering the noun: saying 'hissedari kiya' instead of 'hissedari ki'.
- Confusing the retroflex 'd' with dental 'd'. In Hindi, it's a dental 'd' (d̪).
- Nasalizing the final 'aa' in 'karna' when it shouldn't be.
- Speeding through 'dari'—it needs a clear, long 'i' at the end.
Difficulty Rating
The word is common in newspapers but requires understanding of compound verbs.
Grammatical gender agreement (feminine) in past tense is a common hurdle.
Natural to use in professional or serious social settings.
Very frequently heard in news and movies, easy to spot.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Compound Verbs with
Examples by Level
हम खेल में हिस्सेदारी करते हैं।
We participate in the game.
Simple present tense with 'hum' (we).
क्या तुम हिस्सेदारी करोगे?
Will you participate?
Future tense for 'tum' (you).
वह काम में हिस्सेदारी करता है।
He shares in the work.
Habitual present tense.
मैंने हिस्सेदारी की।
I participated.
Past tense with 'ne', matching feminine 'hissedari'.
सबको हिस्सेदारी करनी चाहिए।
Everyone should participate.
Use of 'chahiye' (should).
यह मेरी हिस्सेदारी है।
This is my share/participation.
Possessive pronoun 'meri' (my).
वे खुशी में हिस्सेदारी करते हैं।
They share in the happiness.
Present plural form.
हिस्सेदारी करना अच्छा है।
To participate is good.
Infinitive as a subject.
माँ ने रसोई में मेरी हिस्सेदारी की तारीफ की।
Mother praised my participation in the kitchen.
Compound sentence with 'ki तारीफ की'.
हमने सफाई अभियान में हिस्सेदारी की।
We participated in the cleaning drive.
Past tense with a specific activity.
क्या आप इस व्यापार में हिस्सेदारी करेंगे?
Will you partner in this business?
Formal 'aap' usage.
उसने मुनाफे में अपनी हिस्सेदारी माँगी।
He asked for his share in the profit.
Past tense with 'maangi' (asked for).
बच्चे खेल-कूद में बढ़-चढ़कर हिस्सेदारी करते हैं।
Children participate enthusiastically in sports.
Adverbial phrase 'badh-chadhkar'.
हमें जिम्मेदारी में हिस्सेदारी करनी होगी।
We will have to share the responsibility.
Obligation with 'hogi'.
उसने प्रोजेक्ट में कोई हिस्सेदारी नहीं की।
He did not participate in the project at all.
Negative sentence.
हिस्सेदारी करने से काम आसान हो जाता है।
By sharing/participating, work becomes easy.
Causal construction 'se... ho jata hai'.
कंपनी के विकास में कर्मचारियों की हिस्सेदारी करना ज़रूरी है।
It is necessary for employees to participate in the company's growth.
Infinitive used as a requirement.
उसने अपनी संपत्ति में भाई को हिस्सेदारी करने का मौका दिया।
He gave his brother a chance to have a stake in his property.
Complex object 'hissedari karne ka mauka'.
क्या आप इस सामाजिक कार्य में हिस्सेदारी करना चाहेंगे?
Would you like to participate in this social work?
Polite request with 'chahenge'.
गाँव वालों ने मिलकर नहर बनाने में हिस्सेदारी की।
The villagers together participated in building the canal.
Collective action.
राजनीति में युवाओं की हिस्सेदारी करना समय की माँग है।
Youth participation in politics is the need of the hour.
Idiomatic expression 'samay ki maang'.
उसने दुख के समय में मेरी हिस्सेदारी की और मुझे संभाला।
He shared in my time of grief and supported me.
Emotional context.
निवेशकों ने नए स्टार्टअप में हिस्सेदारी करने का फैसला किया।
Investors decided to take a stake in the new startup.
Decision making verb 'faisla kiya'.
बराबरी की हिस्सेदारी करना ही सच्ची साझेदारी है।
To share equally is true partnership.
Defining a concept.
निर्णय लेने की प्रक्रिया में सबकी हिस्सेदारी करना अनिवार्य है।
It is mandatory for everyone to participate in the decision-making process.
Formal vocabulary 'anivarya' (mandatory).
उन्होंने घाटे में भी बराबरी की हिस्सेदारी करने का वादा किया था।
They had promised to share equally even in the losses.
Past perfect tense.
शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में निजी कंपनियों की हिस्सेदारी करना विवादास्पद है।
Private companies' participation in the education sector is controversial.
Abstract noun 'vivadaspad' (controversial).
महिला सशक्तिकरण का अर्थ है सत्ता में उनकी हिस्सेदारी करना।
Women's empowerment means their participation in power.
Defining empowerment.
उसने बिना किसी स्वार्थ के जनसेवा में हिस्सेदारी की।
He participated in public service without any selfishness.
Prepositional phrase 'bina kisi swarth ke'.
वैज्ञानिकों ने अंतरराष्ट्रीय प्रोजेक्ट में सक्रिय हिस्सेदारी की।
Scientists took an active part in the international project.
Adjective 'sakriya' (active).
क्या आप अपनी जिम्मेदारियों में हिस्सेदारी करने से कतरा रहे हैं?
Are you shying away from sharing your responsibilities?
Continuous tense with 'katra rahe'.
सांस्कृतिक कार्यक्रमों में स्थानीय लोगों की हिस्सेदारी करना गौरव की बात है।
It is a matter of pride for local people to participate in cultural programs.
Idiom 'gaurav ki baat'.
लोकतंत्र की सफलता नागरिकों की सक्रिय हिस्सेदारी करने पर निर्भर है।
The success of democracy depends on the active participation of citizens.
Complex dependency structure.
पूँजीवादी व्यवस्था में केवल धनवानों की हिस्सेदारी करना एक बड़ी चुनौती है।
In a capitalist system, the participation of only the wealthy is a major challenge.
Sociological analysis.
उसने अपनी बौद्धिक संपदा में दूसरों को हिस्सेदारी करने की अनुमति दी।
He allowed others to have a stake in his intellectual property.
Advanced concept 'bauddhik sampada'.
पर्यावरण संरक्षण में वैश्विक स्तर पर हिस्सेदारी करना अब विकल्प नहीं, आवश्यकता है।
Participating in environmental protection at a global level is no longer an option, but a necessity.
Rhetorical structure.
इतिहास गवाह है कि जनता की हिस्सेदारी के बिना कोई भी क्रांति सफल नहीं हुई।
History is witness that no revolution succeeded without the participation of the people.
Historical reference.
संसाधनों के वितरण में न्यायपूर्ण हिस्सेदारी करना सामाजिक न्याय की नींव है।
Fair participation in the distribution of resources is the foundation of social justice.
Abstract philosophical statement.
उसने अपनी कलात्मक यात्रा में अपने गुरु की हिस्सेदारी को हमेशा सराहा।
He always appreciated his mentor's participation in his artistic journey.
Metaphorical usage.
डिजिटल क्रांति ने सूचना के प्रसार में सबकी हिस्सेदारी करना संभव बना दिया है।
The digital revolution has made it possible for everyone to participate in the spread of information.
Cause and effect.
अस्तित्ववाद के अनुसार, मनुष्य को अपने भाग्य के निर्माण में स्वयं हिस्सेदारी करनी पड़ती है।
According to existentialism, man himself has to participate in the creation of his destiny.
Philosophical terminology.
वैश्विक कूटनीति में छोटे राष्ट्रों की हिस्सेदारी करना शक्ति संतुलन के लिए अनिवार्य है।
The participation of small nations in global diplomacy is essential for the balance of power.
Geopolitical context.
साहित्यिक विमर्श में हाशिए के समाज की हिस्सेदारी करना एक क्रांतिकारी कदम है।
The participation of marginalized society in literary discourse is a revolutionary step.
Literary criticism terminology.
ब्रह्मांडीय रहस्यों की खोज में मानव जाति की हिस्सेदारी करना उसके विकास का चरम है।
Mankind's participation in the discovery of cosmic mysteries is the pinnacle of its evolution.
Grand scale conceptualization.
नैतिक द्वंद्वों में हिस्सेदारी करना ही मनुष्य को मशीन से अलग करता है।
Participating in moral conflicts is what distinguishes man from machine.
Ethical philosophy.
संपत्ति के अधिकार और सामाजिक हिस्सेदारी के बीच का संघर्ष सदियों पुराना है।
The conflict between property rights and social participation is centuries old.
Legal-historical analysis.
कला के रसास्वादन में दर्शक की हिस्सेदारी करना ही उस कला की सार्थकता है।
The viewer's participation in the aesthetic enjoyment of art is the very meaning of that art.
Aesthetics/Art theory.
पारिस्थितिक तंत्र में हर जीव की हिस्सेदारी करना प्रकृति के संतुलन को बनाए रखता है।
The participation of every organism in the ecosystem maintains nature's balance.
Scientific/Ecological context.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To fulfill one's role or share of responsibility.
उसने अपनी हिस्सेदारी बखूबी निभाई।
Idioms & Expressions
— To take advantage of a situation where everyone is benefiting.
जब सब लूट रहे थे, उसने भी हिस्सेदारी करके बहती गंगा में हाथ धो लिए।
Colloquial— To work together with equal participation.
हमने कंधे से कंधा मिलाकर हिस्सेदारी की।
Poetic— To participate only for selfish reasons.
वह हिस्सेदारी तो करता है पर सिर्फ अपना उल्लू सीधा करने के लिए।
Informal— When participation leads to a clear, logical result.
सबकी हिस्सेदारी से परिणाम दो और दो चार की तरह साफ था।
Neutral— To help or share the workload.
घर के कामों में हिस्सेदारी करना यानी हाथ बँटाना।
Common— To share the same fate or participation in a risky venture.
हम इस व्यापार में हिस्सेदारी करके एक ही कश्ती में सवार हो गए हैं।
Metaphorical— To participate in a struggle or fight.
उसने आज़ादी की लड़ाई में हिस्सेदारी की और दुश्मनों से लोहा लिया।
Formal— Used to describe unequal participation.
दोनों की हिस्सेदारी में जमीन-आसमान का अंतर है।
Neutral— To participate with extreme hard work.
उसने प्रोजेक्ट में हिस्सेदारी की और खून-पसीना एक कर दिया।
Emphatic— To refuse to participate or acknowledge responsibility.
जब मुसीबत आई, तो उसने हिस्सेदारी करने के बजाय आँखें मूँद लीं।
InformalWord Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'Hiss' (like a snake's sound) + 'Dare' (to be brave) + 'I'. You 'Dare' to take your 'Hissa' (part) and 'Do' (Karna) the work. Hissa-Dare-I Karna.
Visual Association
Imagine a pie chart where you are physically placing your hand on one slice. That action of claiming and working for that slice is 'Hissedari Karna'.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'Hissedari karna' in three different ways today: once for a chore, once for a project, and once for a feeling.
Word Origin
The word is a hybrid (Perso-Arabic + Indo-Aryan). 'Hissa' (حصه) is Arabic for 'part' or 'portion'. 'Dari' is a Persian suffix meaning 'holding' or 'having'. 'Karna' is the standard Hindi verb from Sanskrit 'Kr'.
Original meaning: The original meaning in Persian/Urdu was 'to hold a portion' or 'to possess a share'.
Indo-Iranian / Indo-Aryan.Cultural Context
Be careful when using it in family disputes, as it can sound very transactional and cold if used for emotional matters without care.
In English, we might say 'to have a stake' or 'to chip in'. 'Hissedari karna' covers both but sounds slightly more formal than 'chipping in'.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Business
- Equity stake
- Profit sharing
- Board participation
- Investment
Family
- Property division
- Household chores
- Shared responsibility
- Inheritance
Politics
- Representation
- Power sharing
- Voting
- Public policy
Social/NGO
- Volunteering
- Community drive
- Collective action
- Awareness
Emotions
- Empathy
- Sharing grief
- Mutual joy
- Support
Conversation Starters
"क्या आप इस नए बिज़नेस में मेरे साथ हिस्सेदारी करना चाहेंगे?"
"आपके देश में राजनीति में युवाओं की हिस्सेदारी कैसी है?"
"क्या घर के कामों में पुरुषों को बराबरी की हिस्सेदारी करनी चाहिए?"
"हमें पर्यावरण को बचाने में अपनी हिस्सेदारी कैसे बढ़ानी चाहिए?"
"क्या आपने कभी किसी सामाजिक कार्य में हिस्सेदारी की है?"
Journal Prompts
आज मैंने किस तरह से दूसरों के साथ हिस्सेदारी की? क्या वह काम था या भावनाएँ?
मेरे जीवन के सबसे महत्वपूर्ण प्रोजेक्ट में मेरी हिस्सेदारी क्या थी और मैंने क्या सीखा?
क्या समाज में सभी वर्गों को बराबरी की हिस्सेदारी मिल रही है? अपने विचार लिखें।
अगर मुझे किसी बड़ी कंपनी में हिस्सेदारी करने का मौका मिले, तो मैं क्या करूँगा?
एक ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब किसी ने आपके दुख में हिस्सेदारी की हो।
Summary
The verb 'हिस्सेदारी करना' goes beyond simple participation; it signifies a commitment to a shared outcome, whether it's financial profit, social progress, or personal responsibility. Example: 'Satta mein hissedari' (A stake in power).
- A formal verb for sharing, partnering, or participating in a project or business.
- Implies having a 'stake' (hissa) rather than just being a spectator.
- Commonly used in business, law, politics, and serious emotional contexts.
- Grammatically feminine: 'Hissedari ki' is correct for past tense.
Related Content
More work words
आचार संहिता
B1A set of rules outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, an individual or organization.
आगे बढ़ाना
A2To make progress; to promote or advance something.
आहरित करना
B1To withdraw money; to take money out of an account.
आहिस्ता-आहिस्ता
B1Slowly, gradually; at a slow pace; in a gentle or unhurried manner.
आजीविका
B1Livelihood; a means of securing the necessities of life.
आंकड़े इकट्ठा करना
B1To gather facts and statistics for analysis.
आलेख तैयार करना
B1To draft a document; to prepare a written piece.
आलस्य से
B1Lazily; in a way that shows a lack of effort or enthusiasm.
आमदनी
A2Income, earnings
आने वाला कल
B1On the day after today.
