It describes something that has lost its moisture or is inherently dry.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Describes a state lacking moisture or humidity.
- Commonly used for weather, skin, and food.
- Formal yet versatile adjective for physical states.
Overview
- 1概要:「乾燥した」は、対象物から水分が抜けて乾いている状態を指します。気象用語から日常的な肌の悩み、さらには干物のような食品まで幅広く使われる表現です。2) 使用パターン:主に「乾燥した空気」「乾燥した肌」「乾燥した地面」のように名詞を修飾する形(連体修飾)で用いられます。また、「空気が乾燥している」のように状態を説明する述語としても頻繁に使われます。3) 一般的な文脈:冬場の低湿度な環境や、砂漠などの降水量が少ない地域、あるいはスキンケアの話題で非常によく耳にします。また、ドライフルーツや干物など、保存性を高めるために水分を抜いた食品を指す際にも用いられます。4) 類義語との比較:「乾いた(かわいた)」は、より日常的で「濡れている状態から乾く」という変化に焦点が当たることが多いのに対し、「乾燥した」はより客観的で、状態そのものや環境的な要因を強調する際に選ばれます。学術的・公的な文脈では「乾燥した」が好まれます。
Examples
冬は空気が乾燥しています。
everydayThe air is dry in winter.
この地域は年間を通して乾燥した気候です。
formalThis region has a dry climate throughout the year.
乾燥した肌にはクリームが必要です。
informalCream is necessary for dry skin.
乾燥した土壌では作物の栽培が困難である。
academicIt is difficult to grow crops in dry soil.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
乾燥注意報
Dry weather warning
肌の乾燥
Skin dryness
乾燥肌
Dry skin type
Often Confused With
Refers to the state of having lost water, often used for clothes or objects. It is less formal than 'kanso shita'.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use 'kanso shita' for formal or objective descriptions of environments or skin. It is a na-adjective, so it follows 'na' when modifying nouns. Avoid using it to describe human emotions or abstract personality traits.
Common Mistakes
Students often use it to describe a person's character, which is incorrect. Another error is using it for things that are just 'empty' or 'boring', whereas it strictly refers to moisture levels.
Tips
Use for formal weather reports
When discussing humidity or climate, 'kanso shita' sounds more professional than just saying 'kawaita'. It is the standard term in news and academic writing.
Do not use for personality
Unlike 'dry' in English, 'kanso shita' cannot describe a person's personality or sense of humor. Use other terms like 'tsumetai' for cold personality.
Japan's seasonal dryness
Japan is very dry in winter, so you will hear 'kanso' constantly in winter. It is a major concern for health, leading to many products for humidification.
Word Origin
Derived from the kanji 乾 (dry) and 燥 (parch/dry). It combines two characters that emphasize the absence of water.
Cultural Context
Due to Japan's distinct seasons, humidity management is a cultural priority. People often use humidifiers during winter to prevent the 'kanso' that causes dry skin and throat irritation.
Memory Tip
Think of a desert where the ground is 'kanso'. The sound 'kan' reminds of 'can' (a dry container).
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「乾いた」は日常的な動作や感覚に近い表現で、「乾燥した」は気候や状態を客観的に説明する際に適しています。
肌が水分不足の状態である場合に「乾燥した肌」と言うことはありますが、性格が冷淡であるという意味で使うことはありません。
「湿った(しめった)」や「潤った(うるおった)」が反対の意味を持ちます。
天気予報で湿度が低い時、スキンケア製品の紹介、あるいは食品の保存状態を説明する際によく使われます。
Test Yourself
冬は空気が___ので、風邪に注意してください。
冬の空気の状態として適切なのは「乾燥した」です。
Score: /1
Summary
It describes something that has lost its moisture or is inherently dry.
- Describes a state lacking moisture or humidity.
- Commonly used for weather, skin, and food.
- Formal yet versatile adjective for physical states.
Use for formal weather reports
When discussing humidity or climate, 'kanso shita' sounds more professional than just saying 'kawaita'. It is the standard term in news and academic writing.
Do not use for personality
Unlike 'dry' in English, 'kanso shita' cannot describe a person's personality or sense of humor. Use other terms like 'tsumetai' for cold personality.
Japan's seasonal dryness
Japan is very dry in winter, so you will hear 'kanso' constantly in winter. It is a major concern for health, leading to many products for humidification.
Examples
4 of 4冬は空気が乾燥しています。
The air is dry in winter.
この地域は年間を通して乾燥した気候です。
This region has a dry climate throughout the year.
乾燥した肌にはクリームが必要です。
Cream is necessary for dry skin.
乾燥した土壌では作物の栽培が困難である。
It is difficult to grow crops in dry soil.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More weather words
大雪
A2Heavy snow; a large amount of snow falling.
雷雨
A2Thunderstorm; a storm with thunder and lightning.
そうだ
A2It looks like; it seems that (based on observation).
不快な
B1Uncomfortable; unpleasant (na-adjective).
気持ちいい
A2Pleasant; comfortable (e.g., weather).
夕焼け
A2Sunset glow; the red sky at sunset.
大雨
A2Heavy rain; a large amount of rain falling.
積もる
A2To pile up (e.g., snow).
次第
B1Depending on; as soon as.
穏やかな
B1Calm; mild (na-adjective).