Use '고되다' when describing tasks or situations that cause significant physical or mental exhaustion.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Used to describe strenuous physical or mental labor.
- Indicates a state of extreme fatigue or hardship.
- Often used to describe a difficult life or work.
개요
'고되다'는 어떠한 일을 하는 과정에서 겪는 육체적 혹은 정신적 어려움을 나타냅니다. 단순히 '힘들다'보다 더 강한 피로감이나 고통이 수반될 때 주로 사용합니다. 2) 사용 패턴: 주로 '고된 일', '고된 삶', '고된 훈련'처럼 명사를 꾸며주는 관형사형 '고된'으로 많이 쓰입니다. 또한 문장의 끝에서 '일이 정말 고되다'와 같이 서술어로도 활용됩니다. 3) 일반적인 맥락: 직장 생활, 고된 노동, 운동선수의 훈련, 혹은 인생의 역경을 묘사할 때 자주 등장합니다. 특히 오랜 시간 지속되는 고통이나 반복적인 노력이 필요한 상황에서 화자의 고충을 강조합니다. 4) 유의어 비교: '힘들다'는 아주 광범위하게 쓰이는 일반적인 단어라면, '고되다'는 그 힘듦의 정도가 깊고 육체적 소모가 클 때 더 자주 선택되는 표현입니다.
Examples
오늘은 정말 고된 하루였다.
everydayToday was a really strenuous day.
그의 고된 노동은 존경받을 만하다.
formalHis arduous labor is worthy of respect.
훈련이 너무 고돼서 쉬고 싶어.
informalThe training is so tough that I want to rest.
고된 역사를 이겨낸 민족이다.
academicIt is a nation that overcame a painful history.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
고된 일과
A grueling daily routine
몸이 고되다
The body is exhausted
삶이 고되다
Life is hard
Often Confused With
힘들다 is a general term for any kind of difficulty. 고되다 is more specific to physical or exhausting effort.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use '고되다' in both formal and informal contexts. It is a descriptive adjective that adds emotional weight to the difficulty being described. It is most commonly used in its adjective form '고된' to modify nouns.
Common Mistakes
Some learners use '고되다' for simple tasks. Remember it implies significant effort. Do not confuse it with '힘들다' which is interchangeable in many but not all contexts.
Tips
Use with nouns for emphasis
Combine '고된' with nouns like '노동' or '훈련' to sound more natural. This creates a strong image of the difficulty involved.
Avoid using for minor inconveniences
Don't use '고되다' for small, temporary annoyances. Reserve it for significant, draining experiences.
Cultural context of hard work
In Korean culture, working hard is often highly valued. Using '고되다' shows respect for the effort someone has put into their work.
Word Origin
Derived from the combination of '고(苦, pain)' and the suffix '-되다'. It literally means to become painful or arduous.
Cultural Context
The word reflects the cultural emphasis on diligence and endurance in Korean society. It acknowledges the hardship inherent in achieving success.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Go-dwe-da' as 'Go do the hard work'. It sounds like a task you have to go and do that is very tiring.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions힘들다는 감정적, 육체적 등 모든 상황에 쓰이지만 고되다는 주로 육체적 노동이나 지속적인 고통이 동반된 상황에 집중합니다.
고된은 고되다의 관형사형 활용입니다. 뒤에 오는 명사를 수식할 때 사용합니다.
네, 직장 업무가 많거나 육체적으로 지쳤을 때 매우 흔하게 사용합니다.
고되었다 혹은 고됐다고 표현합니다. 과거의 힘들었던 경험을 회상할 때 사용합니다.
Test Yourself
오늘 하루 종일 이사를 해서 몸이 너무 ___.
문장의 끝에서 서술어로 쓰여야 하므로 기본형인 고되다가 적절합니다.
Score: /1
Summary
Use '고되다' when describing tasks or situations that cause significant physical or mental exhaustion.
- Used to describe strenuous physical or mental labor.
- Indicates a state of extreme fatigue or hardship.
- Often used to describe a difficult life or work.
Use with nouns for emphasis
Combine '고된' with nouns like '노동' or '훈련' to sound more natural. This creates a strong image of the difficulty involved.
Avoid using for minor inconveniences
Don't use '고되다' for small, temporary annoyances. Reserve it for significant, draining experiences.
Cultural context of hard work
In Korean culture, working hard is often highly valued. Using '고되다' shows respect for the effort someone has put into their work.
Examples
4 of 4오늘은 정말 고된 하루였다.
Today was a really strenuous day.
그의 고된 노동은 존경받을 만하다.
His arduous labor is worthy of respect.
훈련이 너무 고돼서 쉬고 싶어.
The training is so tough that I want to rest.
고된 역사를 이겨낸 민족이다.
It is a nation that overcame a painful history.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
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