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A1 verb 9 min read

सुरू करणे

Examples सुरू करणे in 30 Seconds
Explanation सुरू करणे in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'सुरू करणे' (surū karaṇē) is taught as a basic action verb used to initiate common daily activities. Learners focus on simple commands like 'Turn on the fan' (पंखा सुरू कर) or 'Start the car' (गाडी सुरू कर). The focus is on the present tense and simple imperative forms. You use it to describe starting your homework, a meal, or a game. It is often one of the first compound verbs a student learns because it combines a simple adjective with the versatile verb 'करणे'. At this stage, learners should simply memorize the phrase as a single unit meaning 'to start' and practice its use with familiar objects and nouns. Understanding that 'surū' remains constant while 'karaṇē' changes is the key grammatical hurdle here.
At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'सुरू करणे' to include personal routines and planned actions. You start using it with time expressions, such as 'I start work at 9 AM' (मी नऊ वाजता काम सुरू करतो). Learners also begin to distinguish between 'सुरू करणे' (active) and 'सुरू होणे' (passive), recognizing that they 'start' a machine, but a movie 'starts' itself. The past tense becomes important here, requiring the learner to understand how 'kēlē', 'kēlī', and 'kēlā' agree with the object being started. You might describe starting a new hobby or a simple project. The vocabulary associated with 'sūru karaṇē' grows to include more abstract nouns like 'lesson', 'journey', or 'conversation'.
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By B1, the learner can use 'सुरू करणे' in more complex sentence structures, including subordinate clauses and various moods. You might say, 'If it stops raining, we will start the match' (जर पाऊस थांबला, तर आपण सामना सुरू करू). At this level, the distinction between 'सुरू करणे' and its synonyms like 'सुरूवात करणे' (to make a beginning) becomes relevant. Learners use the verb to discuss life transitions, such as starting a career or a business. They are also introduced to common collocations and idiomatic uses in professional settings. The ability to conjugate 'karaṇē' into perfective and imperfective aspects (e.g., 'I have started', 'I used to start') allows for richer storytelling and more detailed descriptions of events.
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At the B2 level, 'सुरू करणे' is used to describe more abstract and systemic initiations. This includes starting social movements, legal proceedings, or complex industrial processes. The learner understands the nuances of register—choosing 'सुरू करणे' for standard contexts versus 'प्रारंभ करणे' for formal speeches or 'चालू करणे' for casual conversation. There is a focus on precision; for instance, knowing when to use 'सुरू करणे' versus 'उघडणे' (to open) or 'लावणे' (to apply/turn on). Learners can discuss the implications of starting something, using the verb in debates or essays. They also handle the ergative past tense constructions with ease, even with complex or multiple objects.
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At the C1 level, the learner uses 'सुरू करणे' and its high-register synonyms like 'प्रवर्तन करणे' (to initiate/pioneer) or 'सूत्रपात करणे' (to herald/begin) with sophisticated precision. They can analyze literary texts where these words are used to signify the 'beginning of an era' or 'the dawn of a thought'. The focus shifts to stylistic choices. A C1 speaker might choose 'सुरूवात करणे' to add a rhythmic flow to a sentence or use 'सुरू करणे' in a metaphorical sense in poetry or advanced rhetoric. They understand the historical etymology (the Persian influence on 'surū') and how it fits into the broader linguistic landscape of Marathi. Their usage is flawless across all tenses, including rare conditional and subjunctive forms.
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At the C2 level, 'सुरू करणे' is a tool for masterful communication. The speaker uses it with native-level intuition, often employing it in wordplay or subtle irony. They can discuss the philosophical nature of 'starting' and use the verb in highly technical or academic discourses (e.g., initiating a chemical reaction or a legal precedent). The C2 learner is aware of regional variations across Maharashtra and can adjust their choice of synonym to match the specific dialect or social milieu. They can also use the verb in complex compound-verb chains and understand the most obscure idiomatic expressions involving 'surū'. At this level, the word is no longer a 'vocabulary item' but a flexible element of their creative and analytical expression.
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Examples

सुरू करणे in 30 Seconds

  • A fundamental Marathi verb meaning 'to start' or 'to begin' used in daily life.
  • Combines 'surū' (started) and 'karaṇē' (to do) to form a versatile compound verb.
  • Applicable to activities, machines, electronic devices, and abstract concepts like businesses.
  • Requires careful conjugation of 'karaṇē' based on tense and gender-number agreement with objects.

The Marathi phrase सुरू करणे (surū karaṇē) is one of the most fundamental and versatile verbal expressions in the language, serving as the primary way to express the act of initiating, starting, or beginning something. At its core, it is a compound verb consisting of the adjective 'सुरू' (surū), which means 'started' or 'commenced', and the auxiliary verb 'करणे' (karaṇē), which means 'to do'. Together, they literally translate to 'to do the starting'. This structure is incredibly common in Marathi, where many actions are formed by combining a loanword or a specific noun/adjective with the verb 'to do'.

Daily Life Usage
In everyday Marathi conversation, you will hear this word used for everything from turning on an appliance to starting a conversation or beginning a new job. For example, if you want someone to turn on the fan, you would say 'पंखा सुरू कर' (Paṅkhā surū kar). If you are about to start your homework, you would say 'मी अभ्यास सुरू करतो' (Mī abhyās surū karato).

चला, आता आपण जेवायला सुरू करूया. (Come on, let's start eating now.)

Professional Context
In a business or academic setting, 'सुरू करणे' is used to denote the commencement of projects, meetings, or academic terms. It carries a sense of formal initiation. A manager might say, 'आम्ही नवीन प्रकल्प सुरू केला आहे' (We have started a new project).

त्याने त्याचे नवीन दुकान सुरू केले. (He started his new shop.)

The flexibility of this word extends to technology as well. When you boot up a computer, launch an app, or ignite an engine, 'सुरू करणे' is the standard choice. It bridges the gap between physical actions and abstract beginnings. Whether you are starting a journey (प्रवास सुरू करणे) or starting a fight (भांडण सुरू करणे), this phrase is your go-to expression. Understanding its usage is crucial for any A1 learner because it opens the door to describing actions and intentions across all domains of life. It is the verbal 'green light' in the Marathi language.

तुम्ही तुमची गाडी कधी सुरू करणार? (When are you going to start your car?)

Emotional and Abstract Starts
Interestingly, the word is also used for beginning emotional states or habits. For example, 'व्यायाम सुरू करणे' (to start exercising) or 'वाचन सुरू करणे' (to start reading). It implies a conscious decision to move from a state of inactivity to activity.

शिक्षकांनी धडा सुरू केला. (The teacher started the lesson.)

आम्ही उद्यापासून काम सुरू करू. (We will start the work from tomorrow.)

Using सुरू करणे (surū karaṇē) correctly requires an understanding of how the auxiliary verb 'करणे' (to do) conjugates across different tenses, moods, and aspects. Since 'करणे' is an irregular verb in some forms, learners must pay close attention to the gender and number of the subject in intransitive contexts, but more importantly, to the object in transitive past tense contexts (though 'सुरू करणे' functions as a transitive unit).

Present Tense (Habitual/Continuous)
To say 'I start' or 'I am starting', you conjugate 'करणे' based on the subject. For a male: 'मी सुरू करतो' (Mī surū karato). For a female: 'मी सुरू करते' (Mī surū karatē). If you are currently in the middle of starting something: 'मी काम सुरू करत आहे' (I am starting the work).

ती दररोज सकाळी लवकर अभ्यास सुरू करते. (She starts studying early every morning.)

Past Tense (Completed Action)
In the past tense, Marathi uses an ergative-like construction where the verb agrees with the object. 'I started the work' becomes 'मी काम सुरू केले' (Mī kām surū kēlē). Here, 'kēlē' agrees with 'kām' (neuter). If the object was 'shāḷā' (school - feminine), it would be 'shāḷā surū kēlī'.

आम्ही काल नवीन चित्रपट सुरू केला. (We started a new movie yesterday.)

Future Tense
For future actions, use the 'ṇār' suffix for intention or the standard future endings. 'मी उद्या व्यवसाय सुरू करणार' (I am going to start a business tomorrow) or 'मी सुरू करेन' (I will start).

पाऊस थांबल्यावर आपण खेळ सुरू करू. (We will start the game after the rain stops.)

When using 'सुरू करणे' with other verbs (like 'starting to run'), Marathi often uses the inflected infinitive + 'lāgṇē' (e.g., dhavāylā lāglā), but 'सुरू करणे' is specifically used when you are 'starting' a noun-based activity. For instance, 'to start a meeting' is 'sabhā surū karaṇē'. If you want to use it as a command, simply use the root or imperative forms: 'सुरू कर' (Surū kar - informal) or 'सुरू करा' (Surū karā - formal/plural).

कृपया संगणक सुरू करा. (Please start the computer.)

मुलांनी गाणे सुरू केले. (The children started the song.)

In Maharashtra, सुरू करणे is omnipresent, echoing through railway stations, bustling markets, corporate offices, and quiet households. Its frequency is high because it marks the transition from 'nothing' to 'something', a constant state in human activity. Understanding the specific contexts where it appears will help you recognize it in the wild.

Public Announcements and Events
At a Marathi play (Natak) or a concert, you will hear the announcer say, 'कार्यक्रम पाच मिनिटांत सुरू होईल' (The program will start in five minutes). In this context, they often use the passive 'surū hōṇē', but the organizers 'surū karatāt' (start it). Similarly, on a bus, the conductor might tell the driver, 'चला, गाडी सुरू करा' (Come on, start the bus).

आता आपण कार्यक्रमाला सुरूवात करूया. (Now let's start the program.)

In the Kitchen and Home
Marathi households are busy places. You'll hear 'गॅस सुरू कर' (Start/Light the gas) or 'टीव्ही सुरू करा' (Start/Turn on the TV). When a mother tells her child to start eating, she might say 'जेवण सुरू कर'. It’s an essential part of the domestic imperative vocabulary.

कृपया नळ सुरू करा. (Please start/turn on the tap.)

In Marathi literature and news, 'सुरू करणे' is used to describe the launch of government schemes or social movements. Headlines often read: 'शासनाने नवीन योजना सुरू केली' (The government started a new scheme). It implies a formal, organized beginning. Even in sports commentary, you'll hear 'सामना सुरू झाला' (The match has started), and the referee 'सामना सुरू करतो' (starts the match).

त्यांनी पुण्यात एक नवीन शाळा सुरू केली. (They started a new school in Pune.)

Social Interactions
When meeting friends, someone might say, 'गप्पा सुरू करूया' (Let's start chatting). It acts as a social lubricant to transition from greetings to deeper conversation. It is a word of action, momentum, and progress.

चला, आता आपण कामाला सुरूवात करू. (Come on, let's start the work now.)

मी कालपासून योगासने सुरू केली आहेत. (I have started Yoga since yesterday.)

Even though सुरू करणे seems straightforward, English speakers often make specific errors due to literal translation or confusion with similar-sounding Marathi words. Avoiding these will make your Marathi sound much more natural and native-like.

Confusion with 'सुरू होणे' (surū hōṇē)
The biggest mistake is using 'karaṇē' (active) when 'hōṇē' (passive/intransitive) is required. If you say 'पाऊस सुरू केला' (Pāūs surū kēlā), it sounds like YOU started the rain (like a god). Instead, you must say 'पाऊस सुरू झाला' (The rain started). Use 'karaṇē' only when there is a deliberate human agent performing the start.

❌ चुकीचे: वर्ग सुरू केला (The class started - sounds like the class started itself).
✅ बरोबर: वर्ग सुरू झाला.

Overusing 'सुरू' for 'Open'
In English, we 'start' a car but 'open' a door. In Marathi, never use 'सुरू करणे' for opening physical objects like doors, windows, or boxes. Use 'उघडणे' (ughaḍṇē) for that. However, for 'opening' a bank account, 'सुरू करणे' or 'काढणे' (kāḍhṇē) is used. Confusing these leads to very strange sentences.

❌ चुकीचे: दरवाजा सुरू करा.
✅ बरोबर: दरवाजा उघडा.

Misusing with Verb Roots
English speakers often try to say 'I started to eat' by saying 'Mī khāṇē surū kēlē'. While grammatically okay in some formal contexts, it's more common to use the '-ū lāglō' construction: 'Mī khāyū lāglō'. Use 'सुरू करणे' primarily with nouns (e.g., 'Mī jevaṇ surū kēlē').

✅ अधिक नैसर्गिक: तो रडू लागला. (He started crying - rather than 'rūdaṇ surū kēlē').

Finally, watch out for the distinction between 'सुरू करणे' and 'चालू करणे' (chālū karaṇē). While often interchangeable, 'चालू' can sometimes imply 'functioning' or 'on', whereas 'सुरू' is more about the 'act of beginning'. In formal writing, 'सुरू' is preferred. Using 'चालू' in a very formal speech might sound a bit too casual or 'Bambaiya' (Mumbai slang style).

त्यांनी नवीन व्यवसाय सुरू केला. (They started a new business - standard and correct.)

मी आता वाचन सुरू करत आहे. (I am starting reading now.)

Marathi offers several synonyms for सुरू करणे, each with its own nuance and register. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are speaking formally, informally, or using literary language.

सुरूवात करणे (surūvāt karaṇē)
'Surūvāt' is the noun form meaning 'beginning'. 'Surūvāt karaṇē' (to make a beginning) is very similar to 'surū karaṇē' but is often used when emphasizing the first step of a long journey or process. Example: 'आपण कामाला सुरूवात करूया' (Let's make a start on the work).

तिने शून्यातून विश्वाची सुरूवात केली. (She started her world from zero/nothing.)

प्रारंभ करणे (prārambha karaṇē)
This is a formal, Sanskrit-derived term. You will see this in invitations, official reports, or classical literature. It sounds elegant and serious. Example: 'कार्यक्रमाचा प्रारंभ दीप्रज्वलनाने झाला' (The program commenced with the lighting of the lamp).
आरंभ करणे (ārambha karaṇē)
Similar to 'prārambha', this is formal. It is often used for the very beginning of an era or a significant historical event. It carries a sense of weight and importance.

मुख्याध्यापकांनी भाषणाला सुरूवात केली. (The principal started the speech.)

चालू करणे (chālū karaṇē)
Used mostly for machines and electronic items in informal speech. 'Fan chālū kar' is more common in homes than 'Fan surū kar'. However, 'chālū' can also mean 'cunning' in some contexts, so use it carefully when referring to people!

त्याने नवीन हॉटेल सुरू केले आहे. (He has started a new hotel.)

In summary, while 'सुरू करणे' is your best all-around choice, knowing 'सुरूवात करणे' for emphasis and 'प्रारंभ करणे' for formality will greatly enhance your Marathi vocabulary. Each of these words helps you paint a clearer picture of how and why something is beginning.

आपण आता चर्चा सुरू करूया. (Let's start the discussion now.)

तिने गाणे शिकायला सुरूवात केली. (She started learning singing.)

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Examples by Level

1

पंखा सुरू कर.

Turn on the fan.

Imperative (informal) form of 'karaṇē'.

2

मी अभ्यास सुरू करतो.

I start (my) studies.

Present habitual tense, masculine subject.

3

गाडी सुरू करा.

Start the car.

Imperative (formal/plural) form.

4

खेळ सुरू करूया का?

Shall we start the game?

Adhortative form (-ūyā) for 'let's'.

5

टीव्ही सुरू नको करू.

Don't start the TV.

Negative imperative.

6

तो जेवण सुरू करतो.

He starts (his) meal.

Third person singular present.

7

आम्ही काम सुरू करतो.

We start the work.

First person plural present.

8

संगणक सुरू करा.

Start the computer.

Formal imperative.

1

मी उद्यापासून व्यायाम सुरू करणार आहे.

I am going to start exercising from tomorrow.

Future intentional form.

2

त्याने काल नवीन पुस्तक सुरू केले.

He started a new book yesterday.

Past tense; verb agrees with 'pustak' (neuter).

3

तुम्ही तुमची शाळा कधी सुरू केली?

When did you start your school?

Past tense question; agrees with 'shāḷā' (feminine).

4

ती नऊ वाजता काम सुरू करते.

She starts work at nine o'clock.

Present habitual, feminine subject.

5

आम्ही नवीन प्रकल्प सुरू केला आहे.

We have started a new project.

Present perfect tense.

6

कृपया गाणे सुरू करा.

Please start the song.

Polite request.

7

पाऊस पडल्यावर त्याने छत्री सुरू केली.

He started (opened) the umbrella when it rained.

Note: 'Ughaḍṇē' is better for umbrellas, but 'surū' is used colloquially.

8

तिने स्वयंपाक सुरू केला.

She started cooking.

Past tense, transitive.

1

जर तू मदत केलीस, तर मी लवकर काम सुरू करेन.

If you help, I will start the work early.

Conditional sentence with future tense.

2

त्यांनी गावात एक नवीन वाचनालय सुरू केले आहे.

They have started a new library in the village.

Present perfect with location.

3

आम्ही चर्चा सुरू करण्यापूर्वी चहा घेऊया.

Let's have tea before starting the discussion.

Gerund form 'surū karṇyāpūrvī' (before starting).

4

तिने स्वतःचा व्यवसाय सुरू करण्याचा निर्णय घेतला.

She decided to start her own business.

Infinitive as an object of a decision.

5

तुम्ही हे काम का सुरू केले नाही?

Why didn't you start this work?

Negative past tense question.

6

तो नेहमी वेळेवर काम सुरू करतो.

He always starts work on time.

Adverbial usage with habitual present.

7

आम्हाला हा कार्यक्रम पुन्हा सुरू करावा लागेल.

We will have to start this program again.

Obligative future (must/have to).

8

तिने बोलणे सुरू केल्यावर सगळे शांत झाले.

Everyone became quiet after she started speaking.

Temporal clause using the gerund.

1

सरकारने प्रदूषणाविरुद्ध नवीन मोहीम सुरू केली आहे.

The government has started a new campaign against pollution.

Formal usage with abstract noun 'mōhīm' (campaign).

2

त्याने आपल्या भाषणाची सुरूवात एका कवितेने केली.

He started his speech with a poem.

Use of noun 'surūvāt' as the object of 'kēlī'.

3

संशोधकांनी नवीन औषधाची चाचणी सुरू केली आहे.

Researchers have started testing the new medicine.

Technical/Scientific context.

4

तिने आपल्या संघर्षाची कहाणी सांगायला सुरूवात केली.

She started telling the story of her struggle.

Infinitive 'sāṅgāylā' combined with 'surūvāt kēlī'.

5

आम्ही हा प्रकल्प तातडीने सुरू करणे आवश्यक आहे.

It is necessary for us to start this project immediately.

Necessitative construction.

6

त्यांनी जुन्या परंपरा पुन्हा सुरू करण्याचा प्रयत्न केला.

They tried to restart old traditions.

Abstract usage for cultural revival.

7

लेखकाने कादंबरीचा पुढचा भाग लिहायला सुरू केले आहे.

The author has started writing the next part of the novel.

Agentive past with complex object.

8

कंपनीने नवीन तंत्रज्ञान विकसित करायला सुरूवात केली.

The company started developing new technology.

Business/Tech context.

1

या घटनेने भारतीय इतिहासात एका नवीन युगाला सुरूवात केली.

This event started a new era in Indian history.

Literary/Historical usage.

2

त्यांनी सामाजिक विषमतेविरुद्ध लढा सुरू केला.

They started a fight against social inequality.

Socio-political abstract context.

3

विद्वज्जनांनी या विषयावर सखोल चर्चा सुरू केली आहे.

Scholars have started a deep discussion on this subject.

High-register vocabulary (vidvajjan).

4

तिने आपल्या साहित्यातून वास्तववादाचा नवा प्रवाह सुरू केला.

She started a new trend of realism through her literature.

Metaphorical usage in literary criticism.

5

न्यायालयाने या प्रकरणाची सुनावणी सुरू केली आहे.

The court has started the hearing of this case.

Legal terminology.

6

संस्थेने पर्यावरणाचे रक्षण करण्यासाठी मोठे पाऊल उचलून अभियान सुरू केले.

The organization started a campaign by taking a big step to protect the environment.

Complex sentence with participial phrase.

7

त्यांच्या या कृतीमुळे एका नवीन वादाला सुरूवात झाली.

Because of their action, a new controversy started.

Passive voice 'surū jhālī' showing consequence.

8

आधुनिक विज्ञानाने मानवी जीवनात अमुलाग्र बदल घडवून आणायला सुरूवात केली आहे.

Modern science has started bringing radical changes in human life.

Highly abstract and academic tone.

1

त्यांच्या विचारांनी महाराष्ट्राच्या वैचारिक क्षितिजावर एक नवीन पहाट सुरू केली.

Their thoughts started a new dawn on the intellectual horizon of Maharashtra.

Highly metaphorical and poetic.

2

या कायद्याच्या अंमलबजावणीने प्रशासकीय सुधारणांचे पर्व सुरू केले.

The implementation of this law started an era of administrative reforms.

Abstract noun 'parva' (era/chapter).

3

कलाकाराने आपल्या कुंचल्याने कॅनव्हासवर जीवनाचा नवा अर्थ शोधायला सुरूवात केली.

The artist started seeking a new meaning of life on the canvas with his brush.

Artistic and philosophical register.

4

त्यांनी सत्तेच्या विकेंद्रीकरणासाठी एक व्यापक लोकचळवळ सुरू केली.

They started a widespread people's movement for the decentralization of power.

Political science terminology.

5

या संशोधनाने विश्वाच्या उत्पत्तीबाबत नवीन सिद्धांतांची मांडणी करायला सुरूवात केली आहे.

This research has started the formulation of new theories regarding the origin of the universe.

Advanced scientific discourse.

6

तिच्या एका निर्णयाने तिच्या आयुष्यातील संघर्षाचा अंत आणि यशाचा प्रवास सुरू केला.

Her one decision started the journey of success and the end of struggle in her life.

Narrative climax structure.

7

या प्रकल्पाने ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्थेत परिवर्तनाचे चक्र सुरू केले आहे.

This project has started the wheel of transformation in the rural economy.

Economic metaphor.

8

त्यांच्या मार्गदर्शनाखाली अनेक तरुणांनी समाजसेवेचे व्रत सुरू केले.

Under their guidance, many youths started the vow of social service.

Cultural/Religious metaphor 'vrat' (vow).

Common Collocations

काम सुरू करणे
गाडी सुरू करणे
अभ्यास सुरू करणे
व्यवसाय सुरू करणे
चर्चा सुरू करणे
प्रवास सुरू करणे
लढा सुरू करणे
नळ सुरू करणे
खेळ सुरू करणे
योजना सुरू करणे

Common Phrases

सुरू करा

— A polite command to begin something.

तुम्ही तुमचे भाषण सुरू करा.

कधी सुरू करणार?

— Asking about the timing of an initiation.

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