B1 Passive & Reported Speech 1 min read Medio

Passive Voice (-il/-in)

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Practícalo

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use the -il or -in suffix to turn active verbs into passive ones, focusing on the action rather than the doer.

  • Add -il to verbs ending in a consonant: yozmoq (to write) -> yozilmoq (to be written).
  • Add -n to verbs ending in a vowel: o'qimoq (to read) -> o'qilmoq (to be read).
  • If the verb ends in -l, add -in: yuvmoq (to wash) -> yuvinmoq (to wash oneself/be washed).
Object + (Verb + il/in) = Passive Sentence

Passive Voice Formation

Active Verb Passive Suffix Passive Verb Meaning
yozmoq
-il
yozilmoq
to be written
o'qimoq
-l
o'qilmoq
to be read
yuvmoq
-in
yuvinmoq
to be washed
topmoq
-il
topilmoq
to be found
kormoq
-il
korilmoq
to be seen
bermoq
-il
berilmoq
to be given

Reference Table

Reference table for Passive Voice (-il/-in)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Stem + il/in + di
Yozildi
Negative
Stem + il/in + madi
Yozilmadi
Question
Stem + il/in + di + mi?
Yozildimi?
Future
Stem + il/in + adi
Yoziladi
Present
Stem + il/in + moqda
Yozilmoqda
Reflexive
Stem + in
Yuvindi

Meanings

The passive voice shifts the focus from the person performing the action to the object or the action itself.

1

Standard Passive

The action is performed on the subject by an unknown or irrelevant agent.

“Eshik ochildi.”

“Ovqat pishirildi.”

2

Reflexive Passive

The subject performs the action on themselves.

“U kiyindi.”

“U yuvindi.”

Espectro de formalidad

Formal
Ish bajarildi.

Ish bajarildi. (Workplace)

Neutral
Ish qilindi.

Ish qilindi. (Workplace)

Informal
Ish bitdi.

Ish bitdi. (Workplace)

Jerga
Ish hal bo'ldi.

Ish hal bo'ldi. (Workplace)

Passive Voice Logic

Passive Voice

Suffixes

  • -il consonants
  • -in vowels/l

Function

  • Focus on object
  • Agent unknown

Ejemplos por nivel

1

Kitob o'qildi.

The book was read.

2

Eshik ochildi.

The door was opened.

3

Xat yozildi.

The letter was written.

4

Ovqat pishirildi.

The food was cooked.

1

Uy qurildi.

The house was built.

2

Mashina yuvildi.

The car was washed.

3

Dars tugatildi.

The lesson was finished.

4

Pul topildi.

The money was found.

1

Qonun qabul qilindi.

The law was adopted.

2

Muammo hal qilindi.

The problem was solved.

3

Reja tasdiqlandi.

The plan was approved.

4

Maqola nashr etildi.

The article was published.

1

Bu qaror keng muhokama qilindi.

This decision was widely discussed.

2

Yangi texnologiyalar joriy etildi.

New technologies were introduced.

3

Xatolar bartaraf etildi.

The errors were eliminated.

4

Ma'lumotlar tahlil qilindi.

The data was analyzed.

1

Ushbu asar o'z davrida tanqid qilindi.

This work was criticized in its time.

2

Barcha talablar bajarilishi shart.

All requirements must be fulfilled.

3

Tarixiy haqiqat tiklandi.

Historical truth was restored.

4

Uning fikrlari e'tiborga olinmadi.

His thoughts were not taken into account.

1

Qadimiy qo'lyozmalar qayta tiklanmoqda.

Ancient manuscripts are being restored.

2

Ushbu nazariya keng e'tirof etilgan.

This theory is widely recognized.

3

Qaror qabul qilinishidan oldin o'rganildi.

The decision was studied before being adopted.

4

Uning xatti-harakati qoralandi.

His behavior was condemned.

Fácil de confundir

Passive Voice (-il/-in) vs Causative vs Passive

Both use suffixes.

Passive Voice (-il/-in) vs Reflexive vs Passive

Both use -in.

Passive Voice (-il/-in) vs Intransitive vs Passive

Both describe states.

Errores comunes

✗

U yozildi xat.

✓

Xat yozildi.

Subject-object order is wrong.
✗

U yozdi.

✓

U yozildi.

Confusing active and passive.
✗

Xat yozdi.

✓

Xat yozildi.

Missing passive suffix.
✗

Xat yozil.

✓

Xat yozildi.

Missing tense marker.
✗

Uy qurilindi.

✓

Uy qurildi.

Double passive suffix.
✗

Mashina yuvdi.

✓

Mashina yuvildi.

Passive voice required.
✗

Dars tugadi.

✓

Dars tugatildi.

Intransitive vs passive.
✗

Qonun qabul qildi.

✓

Qonun qabul qilindi.

Missing passive marker.
✗

Muammo hal etdi.

✓

Muammo hal etildi.

Passive voice required.
✗

Reja tasdiqladi.

✓

Reja tasdiqlandi.

Passive voice required.
✗

Uning fikrlari e'tibor oldi.

✓

Uning fikrlari e'tiborga olindi.

Passive voice required.
✗

Asar tanqid qildi.

✓

Asar tanqid qilindi.

Passive voice required.
✗

Qaror qabul qildi.

✓

Qaror qabul qilindi.

Passive voice required.

Patrones de oraciones

___ yozildi.

___ hal qilindi.

___ tasdiqlandi.

___ e'tirof etildi.

Real World Usage

News constant

Qonun qabul qilindi.

Work very common

Hisobot tayyorlandi.

Social Media common

Rasm yuklandi.

Travel occasional

Yo'l yopildi.

Food Delivery common

Buyurtma qabul qilindi.

Academic very common

Ma'lumotlar tahlil qilindi.

💡

Focus on the object

When using passive, ensure the object is the subject of the sentence.
⚠️

Don't over-passive

Too much passive voice makes text sound cold and robotic.
🎯

Check the stem

Always check if the verb ends in a vowel or consonant before adding the suffix.
💬

Formal tone

Use passive voice in formal letters to sound professional.

Smart Tips

Use passive to sound objective.

Men ishni qildim. → Ish bajarildi.

Passive is your best friend.

Kimdir eshikni ochdi. → Eshik ochildi.

Passive keeps the focus on steps.

Biz ovqatni pishirdik. → Ovqat pishirildi.

Passive hides the actor.

Men xatoni qildim. → Xato qilindi.

Pronunciación

yoz-IL-di

Suffix stress

The stress usually moves to the syllable before the passive suffix.

Declarative

Xat yozildi ↘

Neutral statement of fact.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of 'IL' as 'I'm Lost' — the doer is lost, so we use -il.

Asociación visual

Imagine a letter sitting on a desk by itself. No one is holding it. It is just 'written' (-il).

Rhyme

For the action to be done, add -il or -in to the one.

Story

The king lost his crown. The crown was found (-il). The king washed his face (-in). The kingdom was saved (-il).

Word Web

yozilmoqo'qilmoqtopilmoqyuvinmoqqurilmoqberilmoq

Desafío

Write 3 sentences about things in your room using the passive voice.

Notas culturales

Passive voice is highly valued in formal government and academic settings to show respect and objectivity.

The passive voice in Turkic languages evolved from reflexive markers.

Inicios de conversación

“

Bugun nima qilindi?

“

Bu bino qachon qurilgan?

“

Sizningcha, bu muammo qanday hal qilinishi kerak?

“

Tarixiy voqealar qanday yoritilishi lozim?

Temas para diario

Describe a day in your life using only passive voice.
Write a short report about a local event.
Discuss a historical event using passive voice.
Write a formal letter of complaint.

Errores comunes

Incorrect

Correcto

Incorrect

Correcto

Incorrect

Correcto

Incorrect

Correcto

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Kitob ___ (yozmoq).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: yozildi
Passive past tense.
Choose the correct form. Opción múltiple

Eshik ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ochildi
Passive past tense.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Uy qurilindi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Uy qurildi
No double passive.
Change to passive. Sentence Transformation

U xat yozdi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Xat yozildi
Passive transformation.
True or False? True False Rule

Passive voice uses -il/-in.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Correct suffixes.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ish bitdimi? B: Ha, ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: bitirildi
Passive past.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

qilindi / hal / muammo

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Muammo hal qilindi
Correct word order.
Sort the verbs. Grammar Sorting

Which is passive?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: yozildi
Passive suffix.

Score: /8

Ejercicios de practica

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Kitob ___ (yozmoq).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: yozildi
Passive past tense.
Choose the correct form. Opción múltiple

Eshik ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ochildi
Passive past tense.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Uy qurilindi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Uy qurildi
No double passive.
Change to passive. Sentence Transformation

U xat yozdi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Xat yozildi
Passive transformation.
True or False? True False Rule

Passive voice uses -il/-in.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Correct suffixes.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Ish bitdimi? B: Ha, ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: bitirildi
Passive past.
Build the sentence. Sentence Building

qilindi / hal / muammo

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Muammo hal qilindi
Correct word order.
Sort the verbs. Grammar Sorting

Which is passive?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: yozildi
Passive suffix.

Score: /8

Preguntas frecuentes (8)

No, only transitive verbs can be passivized.

Use -il for consonants, -n for vowels, -in for -l.

Yes, it is very common in formal writing.

Yes, but keep it simple.

Because the subject is passive.

The sentence will be active.

Yes, Uzbek uses suffixes.

Try writing reports.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Se + verb

Uzbek is agglutinative, Spanish is analytical.

French low

être + past participle

Uzbek is synthetic.

German low

werden + past participle

Uzbek is synthetic.

Japanese high

-reru/-rareru

Japanese has more complex honorifics.

Arabic low

Internal vowel change

Arabic is root-based.

Chinese none

bei

Chinese is isolating.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Causative Voice

Builds On

Next step in verb morphology.

Verb Tenses

Prerequisite

Need to conjugate.

Reported Speech

Advanced Form

Uses passive.

Reflexive Verbs

Similar

Uses -in suffix.

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