Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use the -il or -in suffix to turn active verbs into passive ones, focusing on the action rather than the doer.
- Add -il to verbs ending in a consonant: yozmoq (to write) -> yozilmoq (to be written).
- Add -n to verbs ending in a vowel: o'qimoq (to read) -> o'qilmoq (to be read).
- If the verb ends in -l, add -in: yuvmoq (to wash) -> yuvinmoq (to wash oneself/be washed).
Passive Voice Formation
| Active Verb | Passive Suffix | Passive Verb | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
|
yozmoq
|
-il
|
yozilmoq
|
to be written
|
|
o'qimoq
|
-l
|
o'qilmoq
|
to be read
|
|
yuvmoq
|
-in
|
yuvinmoq
|
to be washed
|
|
topmoq
|
-il
|
topilmoq
|
to be found
|
|
kormoq
|
-il
|
korilmoq
|
to be seen
|
|
bermoq
|
-il
|
berilmoq
|
to be given
|
Meanings
The passive voice shifts the focus from the person performing the action to the object or the action itself.
Standard Passive
The action is performed on the subject by an unknown or irrelevant agent.
“Eshik ochildi.”
“Ovqat pishirildi.”
Reflexive Passive
The subject performs the action on themselves.
“U kiyindi.”
“U yuvindi.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Stem + il/in + di
|
Yozildi
|
|
Negative
|
Stem + il/in + madi
|
Yozilmadi
|
|
Question
|
Stem + il/in + di + mi?
|
Yozildimi?
|
|
Future
|
Stem + il/in + adi
|
Yoziladi
|
|
Present
|
Stem + il/in + moqda
|
Yozilmoqda
|
|
Reflexive
|
Stem + in
|
Yuvindi
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Ish bajarildi. (Workplace)
Ish qilindi. (Workplace)
Ish bitdi. (Workplace)
Ish hal bo'ldi. (Workplace)
Passive Voice Logic
Suffixes
- -il consonants
- -in vowels/l
Function
- Focus on object
- Agent unknown
수준별 예문
Kitob o'qildi.
The book was read.
Eshik ochildi.
The door was opened.
Xat yozildi.
The letter was written.
Ovqat pishirildi.
The food was cooked.
Uy qurildi.
The house was built.
Mashina yuvildi.
The car was washed.
Dars tugatildi.
The lesson was finished.
Pul topildi.
The money was found.
Qonun qabul qilindi.
The law was adopted.
Muammo hal qilindi.
The problem was solved.
Reja tasdiqlandi.
The plan was approved.
Maqola nashr etildi.
The article was published.
Bu qaror keng muhokama qilindi.
This decision was widely discussed.
Yangi texnologiyalar joriy etildi.
New technologies were introduced.
Xatolar bartaraf etildi.
The errors were eliminated.
Ma'lumotlar tahlil qilindi.
The data was analyzed.
Ushbu asar o'z davrida tanqid qilindi.
This work was criticized in its time.
Barcha talablar bajarilishi shart.
All requirements must be fulfilled.
Tarixiy haqiqat tiklandi.
Historical truth was restored.
Uning fikrlari e'tiborga olinmadi.
His thoughts were not taken into account.
Qadimiy qo'lyozmalar qayta tiklanmoqda.
Ancient manuscripts are being restored.
Ushbu nazariya keng e'tirof etilgan.
This theory is widely recognized.
Qaror qabul qilinishidan oldin o'rganildi.
The decision was studied before being adopted.
Uning xatti-harakati qoralandi.
His behavior was condemned.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both use suffixes.
Both use -in.
Both describe states.
자주 하는 실수
U yozildi xat.
Xat yozildi.
U yozdi.
U yozildi.
Xat yozdi.
Xat yozildi.
Xat yozil.
Xat yozildi.
Uy qurilindi.
Uy qurildi.
Mashina yuvdi.
Mashina yuvildi.
Dars tugadi.
Dars tugatildi.
Qonun qabul qildi.
Qonun qabul qilindi.
Muammo hal etdi.
Muammo hal etildi.
Reja tasdiqladi.
Reja tasdiqlandi.
Uning fikrlari e'tibor oldi.
Uning fikrlari e'tiborga olindi.
Asar tanqid qildi.
Asar tanqid qilindi.
Qaror qabul qildi.
Qaror qabul qilindi.
문장 패턴
___ yozildi.
___ hal qilindi.
___ tasdiqlandi.
___ e'tirof etildi.
Real World Usage
Qonun qabul qilindi.
Hisobot tayyorlandi.
Rasm yuklandi.
Yo'l yopildi.
Buyurtma qabul qilindi.
Ma'lumotlar tahlil qilindi.
Focus on the object
Don't over-passive
Check the stem
Formal tone
Smart Tips
Use passive to sound objective.
Passive is your best friend.
Passive keeps the focus on steps.
Passive hides the actor.
발음
Suffix stress
The stress usually moves to the syllable before the passive suffix.
Declarative
Xat yozildi ↘
Neutral statement of fact.
암기하기
기억법
Think of 'IL' as 'I'm Lost' — the doer is lost, so we use -il.
시각적 연상
Imagine a letter sitting on a desk by itself. No one is holding it. It is just 'written' (-il).
Rhyme
For the action to be done, add -il or -in to the one.
Story
The king lost his crown. The crown was found (-il). The king washed his face (-in). The kingdom was saved (-il).
Word Web
챌린지
Write 3 sentences about things in your room using the passive voice.
문화 노트
Passive voice is highly valued in formal government and academic settings to show respect and objectivity.
The passive voice in Turkic languages evolved from reflexive markers.
대화 시작하기
Bugun nima qilindi?
Bu bino qachon qurilgan?
Sizningcha, bu muammo qanday hal qilinishi kerak?
Tarixiy voqealar qanday yoritilishi lozim?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
Kitob ___ (yozmoq).
Eshik ___.
Find and fix the mistake:
Uy qurilindi.
U xat yozdi.
Passive voice uses -il/-in.
A: Ish bitdimi? B: Ha, ___.
qilindi / hal / muammo
Which is passive?
Score: /8
연습 문제
8 exercisesKitob ___ (yozmoq).
Eshik ___.
Find and fix the mistake:
Uy qurilindi.
U xat yozdi.
Passive voice uses -il/-in.
A: Ish bitdimi? B: Ha, ___.
qilindi / hal / muammo
Which is passive?
Score: /8
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
No, only transitive verbs can be passivized.
Use -il for consonants, -n for vowels, -in for -l.
Yes, it is very common in formal writing.
Yes, but keep it simple.
Because the subject is passive.
The sentence will be active.
Yes, Uzbek uses suffixes.
Try writing reports.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Se + verb
Uzbek is agglutinative, Spanish is analytical.
être + past participle
Uzbek is synthetic.
werden + past participle
Uzbek is synthetic.
-reru/-rareru
Japanese has more complex honorifics.
Internal vowel change
Arabic is root-based.
bei
Chinese is isolating.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Connected Grammar
Causative Voice
Builds OnNext step in verb morphology.
Verb Tenses
PrerequisiteNeed to conjugate.
Reported Speech
Advanced FormUses passive.
Reflexive Verbs
SimilarUses -in suffix.
