A0 Script & Writing 1 min read 쉬움

The D with a Stroke (đ)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

The 'đ' is a distinct letter from 'd' in Vietnamese; it sounds like a hard 'd' in English, while 'd' sounds like 'z'.

  • Always treat 'đ' as a unique letter, not a variation of 'd'. Example: 'đi' (to go).
  • The 'đ' is pronounced like a hard English 'd'. Example: 'đẹp' (beautiful).
  • Never confuse 'đ' with 'd' in writing, as they change word meaning entirely. Example: 'đá' (stone) vs 'dá' (not a word).
Letter 'đ' = Hard 'd' sound | Letter 'd' = 'z' sound (in Northern dialect)

Letter Comparison

Letter Sound English Equivalent Example
d
z (North) / y (South)
z or y
da (skin)
đ
d
d
đa (many)

Meanings

The letter 'đ' represents the voiced alveolar plosive consonant in the Vietnamese alphabet.

1

Consonant usage

Used as the initial consonant in many common Vietnamese words.

“đẹp”

“đường”

Reference Table

Reference table for The D with a Stroke (đ)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
đ + vowel
đi (to go)
Negative
không + đ + vowel
không đi (not going)
Question
đ + vowel + không?
đi không? (going?)
Short Answer
đ + vowel
đi (yes, going)
Past
đã + đ + vowel
đã đi (went)
Future
sẽ + đ + vowel
sẽ đi (will go)

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Tôi đi.

Tôi đi. (Daily conversation)

중립
Tôi đi.

Tôi đi. (Daily conversation)

비격식체
Đi thôi.

Đi thôi. (Daily conversation)

속어
Đi nè.

Đi nè. (Daily conversation)

The 'đ' Sound Family

đ

Verbs

  • đi to go
  • đợi to wait

Adjectives

  • đẹp beautiful
  • đúng correct

수준별 예문

1

Tôi đi học.

I go to school.

2

Cái này đẹp quá.

This is very beautiful.

3

Đúng rồi.

That's right.

4

Đường này đi đâu?

Where does this road go?

1

Bạn có đi làm không?

Are you going to work?

2

Đừng làm thế.

Don't do that.

3

Tôi đợi bạn ở đây.

I am waiting for you here.

4

Đồ ăn rất ngon.

The food is very delicious.

1

Đề bài này rất khó.

This assignment is very difficult.

2

Anh ấy đã đi rồi.

He has already left.

3

Đồng hồ này đắt quá.

This watch is too expensive.

4

Đất nước Việt Nam rất đẹp.

The country of Vietnam is very beautiful.

1

Đại diện của công ty đã đến.

The company representative has arrived.

2

Đầu tư vào giáo dục là quan trọng.

Investing in education is important.

3

Đặc điểm của vùng này là gì?

What are the characteristics of this region?

4

Đảm bảo bạn đã khóa cửa.

Ensure you have locked the door.

1

Động thái này gây tranh cãi.

This move is controversial.

2

Định hướng phát triển rất rõ ràng.

The development direction is very clear.

3

Đồng thuận đạt được sau nhiều giờ.

Consensus was reached after many hours.

4

Đương nhiên là tôi đồng ý.

Naturally, I agree.

1

Đạo đức nghề nghiệp là tối thượng.

Professional ethics are paramount.

2

Đỉnh điểm của cuộc khủng hoảng.

The peak of the crisis.

3

Đả phá những tư tưởng cũ kỹ.

To dismantle outdated ideologies.

4

Đương đầu với thử thách khó khăn.

To confront difficult challenges.

혼동하기 쉬운

The D with a Stroke (đ) 대 d vs đ

Learners mix them up because they look similar.

The D with a Stroke (đ) 대 đ vs t

Sometimes beginners confuse the sounds.

The D with a Stroke (đ) 대 đ vs th

Both are common consonants.

자주 하는 실수

✗

di

✓

đi

Missing the stroke.
✗

dẹp

✓

đẹp

Used 'd' instead of 'đ'.
✗

dung

✓

đúng

Wrong letter choice.
✗

dường

✓

đường

Missing stroke.
✗

dợi

✓

đợi

Incorrect letter.
✗

dã

✓

đã

Missing stroke.
✗

dồ

✓

đồ

Incorrect letter.
✗

dề bài

✓

đề bài

Incorrect letter.
✗

dồng hồ

✓

đồng hồ

Missing stroke.
✗

dất nước

✓

đất nước

Incorrect letter.
✗

dộng thái

✓

động thái

Incorrect letter.
✗

dịnh hướng

✓

định hướng

Missing stroke.
✗

dồng thuận

✓

đồng thuận

Incorrect letter.
✗

dương nhiên

✓

đương nhiên

Missing stroke.

문장 패턴

Tôi ___ đến trường.

Cái này ___ quá.

Bạn ___ tôi nhé.

___ là rất quan trọng.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Đi chơi không?

Social Media very common

Ảnh đẹp quá!

Job Interview common

Tôi đã làm việc...

Ordering Food common

Đồ ăn này ngon.

Travel common

Đường này đi đâu?

Food Delivery App very common

Đơn hàng đã giao.

💡

Keyboard Shortcut

Type 'dd' for 'đ' on most Vietnamese keyboards.
⚠️

Don't skip the stroke

Writing 'd' instead of 'đ' is a spelling error.
🎯

Listen for the stop

The 'đ' sound stops the air completely.
💬

Dialect differences

Remember that 'd' changes sound, but 'đ' stays the same.

Smart Tips

Use the Telex method (dd = đ).

d → đ

Always make the 'đ' a hard stop.

d (soft) → đ (hard)

Check if it starts with 'd' or 'đ'.

di → đi

Always add the stroke last.

d → đ

발음

/ɗ/

Hard D

The 'đ' is a plosive, meaning you stop the air and release it.

Statement

Tôi đi. ↘

Falling intonation for facts.

암기하기

기억법

The 'đ' has a line across its head, like a soldier standing straight with a sword.

시각적 연상

Imagine a 'd' wearing a belt (the stroke). The belt makes it strong and hard, like a real 'd'.

Rhyme

D is for z, but đ is for d, remember the stroke and you'll be free!

Story

Dung went to the market. She saw a beautiful (đẹp) dress. She decided to go (đi) home. She made the right (đúng) choice.

Word Web

điđẹpđườngđúngđợiđãđồ

챌린지

Write 5 words starting with 'đ' and 5 words starting with 'd' on a piece of paper, then read them aloud to check the sound difference.

문화 노트

The 'đ' is very clear, while 'd' is often a 'z' sound.

The 'đ' is still a hard 'd', but 'd' sounds like 'y'.

Pronunciation of 'đ' can be slightly more emphatic.

The 'đ' was introduced by Portuguese missionaries to represent the Vietnamese plosive.

대화 시작하기

“

Bạn đi đâu?

“

Cái này đẹp không?

“

Bạn đợi lâu chưa?

“

Đường này có đúng không?

일기 주제

Write about where you went today.
Describe something beautiful you saw.
Describe your daily routine.
Discuss a difficult challenge you faced.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Test Yourself

Fill in the missing letter.

___i (to go)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đ
The word is 'đi'.
Which word is correct? 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đẹp
'đẹp' means beautiful.
Fix the spelling. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

dúng

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đúng
'đúng' means correct.
Change to negative. Sentence Transformation

Tôi đi. -> Tôi ___ đi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: không
Negative uses 'không'.
Match the word to its meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đẹp=beautiful, đi=go
Correct meanings.
Which is a real word? 객관식

Select the real word.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đường
'đường' means road.
Fill in the missing letter.

___ợi (to wait)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đ
The word is 'đợi'.
Fix the spelling. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

dồ ăn

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đồ ăn
'đồ ăn' means food.

Score: /8

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the missing letter.

___i (to go)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đ
The word is 'đi'.
Which word is correct? 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đẹp
'đẹp' means beautiful.
Fix the spelling. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

dúng

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đúng
'đúng' means correct.
Change to negative. Sentence Transformation

Tôi đi. -> Tôi ___ đi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: không
Negative uses 'không'.
Match the word to its meaning. Match Pairs

đẹp - beautiful, đi - go

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đẹp=beautiful, đi=go
Correct meanings.
Which is a real word? 객관식

Select the real word.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đường
'đường' means road.
Fill in the missing letter.

___ợi (to wait)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đ
The word is 'đợi'.
Fix the spelling. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

dồ ăn

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: đồ ăn
'đồ ăn' means food.

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

It distinguishes it from the letter 'd'.

Yes, it is a hard 'd'.

It is a spelling error.

Yes, it is standard.

Use 'dd' or a specific input method.

No, it is a consonant.

Yes, many common ones.

No, it is consistent.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

d

Hardness.

French high

d

None.

German high

d

None.

Japanese high

d (だ)

None.

Arabic high

د

None.

Chinese high

d (拼音)

None.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
Vowels with Hooks (ư, ơ)
Next
Compound Consonants (ch, nh, th)

Related Grammar Rules

A0

Vowels with Hats (â, ê, ô)
A0

Vowels with Hooks (ư, ơ)
A0

Compound Consonants (ch, nh, th)
A0

The Tricky 'ng' and 'ngh'
A0

Final Consonants (m, n, p, t, c, ch, ng, nh)
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