Bonds are loans to governments or companies that pay interest.
Word in 30 Seconds
- A financial instrument representing debt.
- Borrower pays interest and repays principal.
- Common investment for stable income.
Overview
债券（zhàiquàn）是债务融资的一种常见形式。当政府或企业需要筹集大量资金用于项目建设、扩张或运营时，它们可以通过发行债券来向公众或机构投资者借钱。债券持有人购买债券，实际上是将钱借给了发行方，并期望获得固定的利息回报和到期时的本金偿还。这是一种相对低风险的投资方式，尤其当债券由信用良好的政府或大型企业发行时。
在日常语境中，“债券”通常与投资、金融市场、政府财政、公司融资等概念联系在一起。人们购买债券是为了获得稳定的收益，或者将其作为资产配置的一部分。例如，你可以听到“购买国债”、“投资公司债券”、“债券市场波动”等说法。它也可以用来比喻一种承诺或义务，但这种用法相对较少，且更偏向书面语。
债券常出现在以下语境中：
**经济学和金融学课程**：作为理解资本市场和债务工具的基础知识进行讲解。
与“股票”（gǔpiào）相比，债券代表的是债权关系，而股票代表的是所有权。购买债券意味着你成为了债权人，有权获得固定的利息和本金；购买股票则意味着你成为了股东，分享公司的利润（股息）并可能从股价上涨中获益，但风险也更高。与“存款”（cúnkuǎn）相比，债券通常收益率更高，但流动性和安全性也可能不如银行存款，并且涉及更复杂的金融市场运作。
Examples
我想买一些国债，因为它们比较安全。
everydayI want to buy some government bonds because they are relatively safe.
该银行发行了三年期公司债券，票面利率为4%。
formalThe bank issued three-year corporate bonds with a coupon rate of 4%.
他把大部分积蓄都买了债券，指望能稳定收息。
informalHe put most of his savings into bonds, hoping for stable interest income.
分析师指出，当前环境下，长期债券的吸引力正在下降。
academicAnalysts pointed out that long-term bonds are becoming less attractive in the current environment.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
买国债
buy government bonds
债券市场
bond market
固定收益债券
fixed-income bond
Often Confused With
Bonds represent debt (you lend money), while stocks represent ownership (you own a piece of the company). Bondholders receive fixed interest, while stockholders may receive dividends and benefit from price appreciation.
Deposits are typically held in banks with government insurance, offering high safety and liquidity. Bonds are investments in the financial market, potentially offering higher returns but with varying levels of risk and liquidity.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term 'bond' is primarily used in a financial or economic context. It refers to a specific type of debt security. While it can occasionally be used metaphorically for a strong connection or commitment, this is less common and usually requires specific phrasing.
Common Mistakes
Learners might confuse bonds with stocks, not understanding the fundamental difference between debt and equity. Another mistake is assuming all bonds are risk-free; the risk level varies significantly depending on the issuer's creditworthiness.
Tips
Understand Bond Basics
Bonds are essentially IOUs from governments or corporations. You lend them money and they promise to pay you back with interest.
Be Aware of Risks
While often safer than stocks, bonds still carry risks like interest rate changes and potential default by the issuer.
Government Bonds
Government bonds (like US Treasuries or Chinese Guozhai) are often seen as very safe investments due to the backing of national governments.
Word Origin
The word 'bond' originates from Old French 'bondon', meaning a fastening or tie. In finance, it refers to the legal document that binds the issuer to repay the debt.
Cultural Context
In many cultures, government bonds are considered among the safest investments, reflecting trust in the stability and creditworthiness of the nation's government.
Memory Tip
Think of a 'bond' as a promise (a bond) to pay back borrowed money, with interest. It's a formal agreement, like a strong tie (bond) between the borrower and lender.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions国债是由中央政府发行的债券。它被认为是非常安全的投资，因为偿还能力由国家信用担保。
主要风险包括利率风险（利率上升导致债券价格下跌）和信用风险（发行方违约）。但总体而言，信用良好的债券风险相对较低。
债券是借贷关系，你作为债权人获得固定利息；股票是所有权关系，你作为股东分享公司利润和承担风险。
风险偏好较低、寻求稳定收入的投资者，如退休人士、机构投资者（如养老基金、保险公司）等，会购买债券。
Test Yourself
这家公司发行了新的______来为扩大生产线筹集资金。
公司发行债券是为了借款，这与题目中描述的为扩大生产线筹集资金的场景相符。
关于债券，下列说法哪个是正确的？
债券代表的是债权，持有人是债权人，可以获得约定的利息和本金偿还。
风险，投资，债券，较低，相对
这个句子清晰地表达了债券作为一种投资的特点。
Score: /3
Summary
Bonds are loans to governments or companies that pay interest.
- A financial instrument representing debt.
- Borrower pays interest and repays principal.
- Common investment for stable income.
Understand Bond Basics
Bonds are essentially IOUs from governments or corporations. You lend them money and they promise to pay you back with interest.
Be Aware of Risks
While often safer than stocks, bonds still carry risks like interest rate changes and potential default by the issuer.
Government Bonds
Government bonds (like US Treasuries or Chinese Guozhai) are often seen as very safe investments due to the backing of national governments.
Examples
4 of 4我想买一些国债，因为它们比较安全。
I want to buy some government bonds because they are relatively safe.
该银行发行了三年期公司债券，票面利率为4%。
The bank issued three-year corporate bonds with a coupon rate of 4%.
他把大部分积蓄都买了债券，指望能稳定收息。
He put most of his savings into bonds, hoping for stable interest income.
分析师指出，当前环境下，长期债券的吸引力正在下降。
Analysts pointed out that long-term bonds are becoming less attractive in the current environment.
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