To cause an object to become dirty or stained.
Word in 30 Seconds
- To make something unclean or soiled.
- Commonly used for clothes, hands, or surfaces.
- Implies a change from a clean state to a dirty one.
1) 概览：弄脏（nòng zāng）由动词“弄”（使、导致）和形容词“脏”（不干净）组合而成。它是描述物体状态改变的常用词，侧重于动作的结果，即从干净变为不干净的状态。
2) 用法模式：常见结构为“主语 + 弄脏 + 宾语”。例如：你弄脏了我的衣服。在口语中，也可以使用补语形式，如“把衣服弄脏了”。
3) 常见语境：该词多用于日常生活场景，比如吃饭时汤汁溅到衣服上、雨天走路鞋子沾上泥水、或者孩子玩耍时把手弄脏。它既可以表示主观故意，也可以表示无意间的过失。
4) 近义词辨析：与“污染”相比，“弄脏”更口语化，范围更广，多指具体的物体表面；“污染”则更正式，常用于环境、水源或空气等宏观概念。与“沾染”相比，“弄脏”强调的是结果，而“沾染”侧重于接触的过程。
Examples
别把你的新衣服弄脏了。
everydayDon't get your new clothes dirty.
他在修理汽车时弄脏了双手。
formalHe got his hands dirty while repairing the car.
快去洗手，你把手弄脏了。
informalGo wash your hands, you've made them dirty.
雨水弄脏了白色的地毯。
academicRainwater stained the white carpet.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
不小心弄脏
Accidentally get dirty
故意弄脏
Intentionally get dirty
Often Confused With
Refers to environmental or large-scale contamination. It is much more formal than 弄脏.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use '弄脏' in casual or neutral settings. It is a very common verb for everyday accidents. Avoid using it in highly formal or professional documentation.
Common Mistakes
Learners often confuse '弄脏' with '脏'. Remember that '脏' is an adjective, while '弄脏' is a verb. You cannot say '他脏了衣服', you must say '他弄脏了衣服'.
Tips
Focus on the Result
Remember that '弄' acts as a causative verb. Focus on the final state of the object being dirty.
Avoid Formal Contexts
Do not use '弄脏' in formal reports or scientific writing. Use '污染' or '玷污' instead.
Cultural Cleanliness
In Chinese culture, keeping one's clothes clean is often seen as a sign of respect. Saying someone '弄脏' their clothes can sometimes imply carelessness.
Word Origin
The word combines the causative verb 弄 (to handle/make) and the adjective 脏 (dirty). It reflects the standard Chinese structure of verb-resultative compounds.
Cultural Context
In Chinese households, cleanliness is highly valued. Using this word correctly helps in expressing apologies for accidental spills or messes.
Memory Tip
Think of '弄' as 'making' and '脏' as 'dirty'. Making something dirty is '弄脏'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“弄脏”通常指具体的物体表面变脏，用于日常生活。而“污染”通常指环境、空气或水质受到破坏，语气更正式。
可以使用“把+宾语+弄脏了”的结构。例如：我不小心把地板弄脏了。
它是一个中性词，主要描述客观状态的改变，不带有强烈的感情色彩。
几乎任何物体都可以，比如弄脏手、弄脏脸、弄脏地毯或弄脏墙壁。
Test Yourself
我不小心把墨水洒在桌子上，把桌子___了。
墨水会使桌面变脏，因此选弄脏。
Score: /1
Summary
To cause an object to become dirty or stained.
- To make something unclean or soiled.
- Commonly used for clothes, hands, or surfaces.
- Implies a change from a clean state to a dirty one.
Focus on the Result
Remember that '弄' acts as a causative verb. Focus on the final state of the object being dirty.
Avoid Formal Contexts
Do not use '弄脏' in formal reports or scientific writing. Use '污染' or '玷污' instead.
Cultural Cleanliness
In Chinese culture, keeping one's clothes clean is often seen as a sign of respect. Saying someone '弄脏' their clothes can sometimes imply carelessness.
Examples
4 of 4别把你的新衣服弄脏了。
Don't get your new clothes dirty.
他在修理汽车时弄脏了双手。
He got his hands dirty while repairing the car.
快去洗手，你把手弄脏了。
Go wash your hands, you've made them dirty.
雨水弄脏了白色的地毯。
Rainwater stained the white carpet.
