Hypertension is a serious medical condition characterized by persistently high blood pressure.
Word in 30 Seconds
- High blood pressure is a common chronic condition.
- Often asymptomatic but can lead to serious health issues.
- Requires lifestyle changes and sometimes medication.
Overview
高血压，英文为Hypertension，是一种常见的慢性疾病，指动脉血压持续升高。正常血压范围通常定义为收缩压低于120 mmHg且舒张压低于80 mmHg。当收缩压持续高于140 mmHg或舒张压持续高于90 mmHg时，即可诊断为高血压。高血压常被称为“沉默的杀手”，因为它在早期往往没有明显症状，但如果不加以控制，会显著增加患心脏病、脑卒中、肾衰竭等严重疾病的风险。
在日常生活中，“高血压”一词常用于描述一种健康状况，尤其是在体检、就医、谈论健康饮食和生活方式时。它也可以作为一种疾病名称，用于医学讨论或新闻报道。例如，人们会说“我得了高血压”或“他是高血压患者”。
高血压一词最常出现在以下语境中：
**食品和饮料行业**：一些产品会标注“低盐”、“有助于控制血压”等，与高血压的预防和管理相关。
与“高血压”相似但有区别的词语包括：
- 血压 (xuèyā)：血压是一个更广泛的概念，指血液在血管内流动时对血管壁产生的侧压力。高血压是血压异常升高的一种状态，而血压本身是生理指标。
- 低血压 (dī xuèyā)：与高血压相对，指血压持续过低，可能导致头晕、乏力等症状。
- 心血管疾病 (xīnxuèguǎnjíbìng)：这是一个更广泛的类别，包括所有影响心脏和血管的疾病。高血压是导致许多心血管疾病（如心脏病、中风）的重要危险因素，但心血管疾病还包括其他病症，如冠心病、心律失常等。
- 动脉硬化 (dòngmài yìnghuà)：指动脉血管壁增厚、变硬、失去弹性。高血压是动脉硬化的一个重要原因，同时动脉硬化也会加剧高血压。
Examples
医生建议我注意饮食，多运动，以控制高血压。
everydayThe doctor advised me to pay attention to my diet and exercise more to control my high blood pressure.
高血压是心脑血管疾病的重要危险因素之一。
formalHypertension is one of the significant risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
他年纪轻轻就得了高血压，真让人担心。
informalIt's worrying that he developed high blood pressure at such a young age.
流行病学研究表明，高血压的发病率与年龄、遗传、生活习惯等多种因素相关。
academicEpidemiological studies indicate that the incidence of hypertension is related to multiple factors such as age, genetics, and lifestyle habits.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
血压计
sphygmomanometer / blood pressure monitor
量血压
measure blood pressure
血压正常
blood pressure is normal
Often Confused With
Blood pressure (血压) is the measurement of the force of blood against artery walls. High blood pressure (高血压) refers specifically to a condition where this force is persistently too high.
Low blood pressure (低血压) is the opposite condition, where blood pressure is consistently too low, potentially causing dizziness and fatigue. High blood pressure (高血压) is when it's too high.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
High blood pressure (高血压) is a common medical term. It can be used in both formal medical contexts and everyday conversations about health. When discussing personal health, it's often used directly, e.g., 'I have high blood pressure.' In more formal or academic writing, 'hypertension' or '动脉高压' might be preferred.
Common Mistakes
Learners might confuse 'high blood pressure' (高血压) with just 'blood pressure' (血压). Remember that '血压' is the general measurement, while '高血压' signifies a condition of elevated pressure. Also, ensure correct usage of related terms like '心血管疾病' (cardiovascular disease) which is a consequence, not a synonym.
Tips
Monitor Your Blood Pressure
Regularly check your blood pressure, especially if you have a family history or risk factors. Early detection is key.
Silent Danger
High blood pressure often shows no symptoms, making regular check-ups crucial to avoid serious complications.
Health is Wealth
In Chinese culture, health is highly valued. Managing conditions like hypertension is seen as a responsible act for oneself and family.
Word Origin
The term '高血压' (gāo xuè yā) is a direct and descriptive translation. '高' means high, '血' means blood, and '压' means pressure. It clearly conveys the meaning of elevated blood pressure.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, maintaining good health is highly respected. Diagnoses like high blood pressure are taken seriously, and managing it through diet (like reducing salt and oil) and lifestyle is a common topic of discussion among family and friends.
Memory Tip
Think of '高' (gāo) meaning 'high' and '血压' (xuèyā) meaning 'blood pressure'. So, 高血压 directly translates to 'high blood pressure'. Imagine blood pressure readings going 'high' on a gauge.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions高血压是指动脉血管壁所承受的压力持续过高的一种慢性疾病。正常成年人的血压，收缩压应低于140 mmHg，舒张压应低于90 mmHg。超过这个范围，并持续存在，就可能被诊断为高血压。
高血压早期通常没有明显症状，因此被称为“沉默的杀手”。一些人可能会出现头痛、头晕、耳鸣、失眠、心悸等非特异性症状，但这些症状也可能由其他原因引起。
长期高血压会损害全身血管，增加患心脏病（如心肌梗死、心力衰竭）、脑卒中（中风）、肾脏疾病（如肾功能衰竭）以及视网膜病变等严重疾病的风险。
预防和控制高血压需要健康的生活方式，包括低盐低脂饮食、均衡营养、规律运动、控制体重、戒烟限酒、减轻精神压力、保证充足睡眠。必要时，需在医生指导下服用降压药物。
Test Yourself
长期_____会对心血管系统造成严重损害。
句子描述的是长期存在的、有害的血压状况，符合高血压的定义。
以下哪项不是高血压的常见危害？
虽然严重的视网膜病变可能导致视力问题，但视力模糊本身不是高血压最直接或最常见的危害，其他选项都是高血压的典型并发症。
词语：高血压、控制、需要、生活方式、健康
这个句子结构最符合逻辑，说明了控制高血压的方法是采用健康的生活方式。
Score: /3
Summary
Hypertension is a serious medical condition characterized by persistently high blood pressure.
- High blood pressure is a common chronic condition.
- Often asymptomatic but can lead to serious health issues.
- Requires lifestyle changes and sometimes medication.
Monitor Your Blood Pressure
Regularly check your blood pressure, especially if you have a family history or risk factors. Early detection is key.
Silent Danger
High blood pressure often shows no symptoms, making regular check-ups crucial to avoid serious complications.
Health is Wealth
In Chinese culture, health is highly valued. Managing conditions like hypertension is seen as a responsible act for oneself and family.
Examples
4 of 4医生建议我注意饮食，多运动，以控制高血压。
The doctor advised me to pay attention to my diet and exercise more to control my high blood pressure.
高血压是心脑血管疾病的重要危险因素之一。
Hypertension is one of the significant risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
他年纪轻轻就得了高血压，真让人担心。
It's worrying that he developed high blood pressure at such a young age.
流行病学研究表明，高血压的发病率与年龄、遗传、生活习惯等多种因素相关。
Epidemiological studies indicate that the incidence of hypertension is related to multiple factors such as age, genetics, and lifestyle habits.
