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A2 verb 10 min de leitura

desfasar

Exemplos desfasar em 30 segundos
Explicação desfasar in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'desfasar' is quite a complex word, but you can understand it through the concept of 'time' and 'matching.' Imagine you are playing a game where everyone must clap at the same time. If you clap too late, you are 'desfasado.' At this level, focus on the adjective form 'desfasado' to describe things that feel 'old' or 'wrong' for the current moment. Think of it like a clock that shows the wrong time compared to your phone. It is important to know that this word describes a difference between two things. If your friend is talking about a very old movie as if it were new, you can think: 'That is desfasado.' You don't need to use the verb in complex sentences yet, but recognizing that it means 'out of sync' helps you understand when things are not working together correctly. It is like having one shoe from one pair and one shoe from another—they are 'desfasados' because they don't match the situation.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'desfasar' to describe simple technical problems and personal schedules. You might use it to talk about your sleep. For example, 'Mi horario de sueño está desfasado' (My sleep schedule is out of sync). This is very useful when talking about jet lag or staying up too late on weekends. You should also learn the adjective 'desfasado/a' to describe technology. If you have an old phone that doesn't work with new apps, it is 'desfasado.' This level is about moving from simple 'old' (viejo) to the more specific 'outdated' (desfasado). You are learning that some things aren't just old; they just don't fit into the modern world anymore. You can also start to recognize the word in the news when they talk about 'precios' (prices) or 'leyes' (laws) that are no longer good for today. Remember: 'desfasar' is about the gap between how things are and how they should be.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'desfasar' in both its literal and metaphorical senses. You can use it to describe social situations and generational gaps. For instance, you can talk about how a person's ideas are 'desfasadas' compared to modern society. This is a great word for debates and expressing opinions. You should also learn the reflexive form 'desfasarse.' In Spain, this is very common for saying someone went too far at a party ('Se desfasó en la fiesta'). You can also use it to describe economic issues, such as the 'desfase' between what people earn and what they spend. At B1, you start to see that 'desfasar' isn't just a technical term; it's a way to criticize or describe a lack of balance. You should be able to conjugate it in the past tense (pretérito perfecto and indefinido) to describe when something became outdated or when a synchronization error occurred.
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At the B2 level, you use 'desfasar' with nuance and precision. You understand the difference between 'desfasar,' 'atrasar,' and 'desajustar.' You can use 'desfasar' in professional contexts to describe project timelines that no longer align with reality or technical specifications that have fallen behind industry standards. You are aware of the word's register—it can be very formal in a scientific paper or very informal as slang in Spain. You can use it to talk about abstract concepts like 'desfase cultural' (cultural lag) or 'desfase horario' (jet lag/time difference). You should also be able to use the noun 'desfase' effectively. For example, 'Existe un desfase significativo entre la teoría y la práctica.' This level requires you to use the word to show complex relationships between different variables, showing that you can handle the sophisticated 'gap' concept that the word implies.
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At the C1 level, 'desfasar' becomes a tool for deep analysis. You use it to discuss historical shifts, sociological phenomena, and complex engineering problems. You might discuss how the legislative process is 'desfasado' relative to the speed of technological change. You can use the verb in the subjunctive to express hypothetical scenarios: 'Si no actualizamos el sistema, se acabará desfasando por completo.' You are also sensitive to the regional variations of the word. You know that while a Spaniard might use 'desfasar' to describe a wild night, a Latin American might use it more strictly for technical or temporal gaps. Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'fase,' 'desfase,' 'enfase,' and you can manipulate the word in various grammatical structures, including passive voices and complex relative clauses, to provide precise descriptions of misalignment in any field.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'desfasar' and its connotations. You can use it to describe the most subtle discrepancies in philosophy, quantum physics, or high-level economics. You might use it in a literary context to describe a character who feels 'desfasado' from their own era—a sense of anachronism. You understand the etymological roots and how they play into the word's modern resonance. You can use 'desfasar' to create irony or metaphor in your writing. For instance, you could describe a relationship where the two partners' emotional growth has 'desfasado,' leading to an inevitable break. You are capable of using the word in any register, from the most colloquial street slang to the most rigorous academic discourse, always choosing the correct form and context to convey exactly the right degree of 'out-of-phase' sentiment. You can also identify and correct the most subtle misuses of the word by others, demonstrating a native-like intuition for its semantic boundaries.
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Exemplos

desfasar em 30 segundos

  • Desfasar means to get out of sync, whether technically (audio/video), temporally (jet lag), or socially (outdated ideas).
  • In Spain, it also colloquially means to party excessively or lose control in a social setting.
  • The adjective form 'desfasado' is extremely common for describing obsolete technology, laws, or fashion.
  • It is a regular -ar verb, but its reflexive form 'desfasarse' is crucial for personal and social contexts.

The Spanish verb desfasar is a multifaceted term that primarily deals with the concept of being 'out of sync' or 'out of phase.' At its core, it describes a situation where two or more elements that should be aligned in time, space, or logic are no longer matching. In a technical sense, it refers to waves or signals that do not peak at the same time. However, in everyday Spanish, its usage extends far beyond physics and engineering into social, economic, and personal contexts. When you feel that your internal clock is not matching the local time after a long flight, or when you realize that your old computer cannot run modern software, you are dealing with a desfase.

Technical Application
In electronics and physics, it means to cause a phase shift. For example, when audio and video in a movie are not aligned, we say they are desfasados.

El audio de la película se empezó a desfasar después de diez minutos.

Translation: The movie audio started to get out of sync after ten minutes.
Social and Generational Context
It is frequently used to describe people or ideas that are outdated or 'behind the times.' If someone holds views that were common fifty years ago but are seen as obsolete today, they are considered desfasados.

Furthermore, the verb is essential in discussing economic disparities. Economists often talk about how wages are 'desfasados' compared to the rising cost of living. This implies a lag or a gap that prevents the two figures from being in a healthy equilibrium. Because the word carries this heavy connotation of 'mismatch,' it is a powerful tool for critique. Whether you are criticizing a government policy, a broken piece of technology, or a friend who is acting out of character, 'desfasar' provides the nuance of something being 'off-kilter.' It is not just that something is wrong; it is that it is disconnected from the reality or the rhythm it should be following.

Tus ideas sobre la educación están un poco desfasadas para el siglo veintiuno.

Temporal Disconnect
Used when schedules don't align. If two people work different shifts, their lives are desfasadas.

In summary, 'desfasar' is the go-to verb for any situation involving a lack of synchronization. From the literal physics of a wave to the metaphorical gap between generations, it captures the essence of being out of step. Understanding this word helps you describe the friction that occurs when things don't line up as they should, making it an indispensable part of an intermediate Spanish vocabulary.

Using desfasar correctly requires understanding whether you are using it as a transitive verb (to cause something to be out of sync), an intransitive verb (to become out of sync), or a reflexive verb (to lose control or become outdated). The conjugation is regular, following the standard '-ar' pattern, which makes it relatively easy to apply once you master the context.

Transitive Usage
When you are the agent causing the lack of synchronization. 'El técnico desfasó las señales por error.'

Si cambias esa configuración, vas a desfasar todo el sistema de iluminación.

If you change that setting, you are going to put the whole lighting system out of sync.

The most common form you will encounter is the past participle used as an adjective: desfasado. This is used to describe anything that is obsolete. 'Este manual está desfasado' (This manual is outdated). Note that the adjective must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies (desfasado, desfasada, desfasados, desfasadas).

Reflexive Usage (Social)
'Desfasarse' is used when a person goes overboard. 'Anoche nos desfasamos un poco en la fiesta' means 'We went a bit wild last night at the party.'

In a business or professional context, you might hear about 'precios desfasados.' This refers to prices that have not been adjusted for inflation or market changes. It is a formal way to say the numbers are no longer relevant. Similarly, 'planes desfasados' are projects that no longer meet the current needs of a company.

La realidad económica acabó por desfasar las previsiones del gobierno.

Passive/State Usage
Often used with 'quedar' or 'estar'. 'Mi teléfono ha quedado desfasado con la nueva actualización.'

To use it like a native, try to identify the 'rhythm' or 'phase' that is being broken. Is it time? Is it logic? Is it a social norm? Once you identify the pattern being disrupted, 'desfasar' is the perfect verb to describe that disruption. Practice by identifying things in your own life that feel 'out of sync'—perhaps your sleep schedule during the weekend or your knowledge of a specific technology.

You will encounter desfasar in a surprising variety of environments, from the nightclub to the physics lab, and from the newsroom to the family dinner table. Its versatility is its greatest strength, but it also means you must pay close attention to the tone and setting to understand the intended meaning.

In the Media and News
Journalists use 'desfase' and 'desfasar' to talk about statistics. You might hear: 'Hay un desfase entre el número de graduados y los puestos de trabajo disponibles.' This highlights a structural mismatch in society.

El presentador dijo que las cifras de desempleo están desfasadas.

In Spain, specifically, the word takes on a vibrant life in youth culture. If you are watching a Spanish TV show like 'Elite' or 'La Casa de Papel,' or simply walking through the streets of Madrid at 3 AM, you might hear someone say '¡Cómo desfasamos anoche!' In this context, it has nothing to do with physics; it means they went totally wild, probably drank too much, danced until dawn, and generally 'lost the plot' in a fun, albeit chaotic, way.

In Technology Circles
IT professionals use it when talking about legacy systems. If a company uses software from the 90s, the IT consultant will say the infrastructure is 'completamente desfasada'.

Ese modelo de servidor ya se ha desfasado.

In the arts, especially in music production or film editing, 'desfasar' is a common technical term. If the drummer isn't following the click track, the producer might say the percussion is 'desfasada.' In cinematography, if the light waves are out of phase, it creates visual artifacts that are described using this verb.

In Daily Conversation
You'll hear parents telling children their sleep schedules are 'desfasados' during summer holidays because they stay up until 4 AM. It's a way of saying their 'life clock' is out of sync with the rest of the world.

Whether you're reading a serious editorial about the 'desfase' between the rich and poor or hearing a teenager talk about a wild night out, the word is ubiquitous. It’s a bridge between formal logic and informal expression, making it a key indicator of a speaker's fluency and cultural integration.

While desfasar is a regular verb, English speakers often stumble because of its broad range of meanings. The most common error is using it as a direct translation for 'to delay' (retrasar) or 'to be late' (llegar tarde). While 'desfasar' involves a temporal element, it specifically refers to the gap or mismatch, not the act of being late itself.

Mistake: Confusing with 'Retrasar'
Incorrect: 'El tren se desfasó veinte minutos.' (The train was out of phase 20 mins). Correct: 'El tren se retrasó veinte minutos.' Use 'retrasar' for simple delays.

Incorrecto: Mi reloj está desfasado cinco minutos (unless it's a technical phase issue). Correcto: Mi reloj está atrasado cinco minutos.

Another frequent mistake is failing to use the reflexive 'se' when talking about social behavior. If you want to say someone went wild at a party, you must say 'él se desfasó.' Without the 'se,' it sounds like he was causing something else to be out of sync, which would confuse the listener.

Mistake: Overusing the slang meaning
In Latin America, the slang meaning of 'partying hard' is much less common than in Spain. Using 'desfasar' to mean 'to party' in Mexico might lead to puzzled looks; they might prefer 'perder el control' or 'alocarse'.

Learners also often confuse 'desfasado' with 'antiguo' (old). While an old thing can be desfasado, 'antiguo' is often positive (like an antique). 'Desfasado' is almost always negative or neutral-technical, implying that the object is no longer functional or appropriate for the current time. Don't call your grandmother's beautiful vintage dress 'desfasado' unless you mean it's ugly and out of style!

No confundas: Un libro antiguo (classic/old) con un libro desfasado (outdated info).

Finally, watch out for the preposition. We usually say something is 'desfasado respecto a' or 'desfasado con' something else. Using 'de' (desfasado de) is common but sometimes less precise in formal writing. By avoiding these pitfalls, your use of 'desfasar' will sound sophisticated and naturally integrated into your Spanish discourse.

To truly master desfasar, you should know the words that live in its neighborhood. Depending on whether you mean 'outdated,' 'out of sync,' or 'going wild,' there are several alternatives that might be more precise for your specific situation.

Desfasar vs. Obsoleto
'Obsoleto' is a direct synonym for the adjective 'desfasado' when referring to technology. However, 'obsoleto' is more final—it means something is no longer used at all. 'Desfasado' suggests it's just not matching the current standard.

El software está desfasado (needs update) vs. El software es obsoleto (cannot be used).

Desfasar vs. Atrasar
'Atrasar' means to move something back in time or to be slow. Use 'atrasar' for clocks or schedules. Use 'desfasar' for the resulting gap between two things.

When it comes to the slang meaning (partying), 'desfasar' is quite unique to Spain. In other countries, you might use 'descontrolarse' (to lose control), 'pasarse de la raya' (to cross the line), or 'irse de las manos' (to get out of hand). These all convey the idea of a situation becoming excessive, but 'desfasar' adds a specific flavor of being 'out of one's normal state.'

Desfasar vs. Desincronizar
'Desincronizar' is the technical twin of 'desfasar.' It is used almost exclusively for digital data, Bluetooth connections, or audio-visual files. While 'desfasar' can be used here too, 'desincronizar' is more precise for computer science.

Se han desincronizado los subtítulos de la serie.

Another interesting alternative is 'caducar' (to expire). If a law or a document is 'desfasado,' it might still be legal but it's irrelevant. If it is 'caducado,' it has no legal power anymore. This distinction is crucial in legal or administrative contexts.

Comparison Table Summary
  • Desfasar: Out of sync, outdated, or wild partying (Spain).
  • Anticuado: Old-fashioned (usually about style or people).
  • Desajustar: To put out of adjustment (mechanical or economic).
  • Trasnochar: To stay up late (often the cause of being 'desfasado' the next day).

By learning these nuances, you avoid the 'one-word-fits-all' trap. You can choose 'desfasado' when you want to highlight a lack of alignment, 'obsoleto' for useless tech, and 'descontrolado' for a party that went too far. This precision is what separates an intermediate learner from an advanced speaker.

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Exemplos por nível

1

Mi reloj está desfasado.

My watch is out of sync.

Adjective use of the past participle.

2

El audio no va con la imagen, está desfasado.

The audio doesn't go with the image, it is out of sync.

Describing a technical mismatch.

3

Esa ropa es de hace mil años, está desfasada.

Those clothes are from a thousand years ago, they are outdated.

Gender agreement (ropa/desfasada).

4

No quiero desfasar mi horario.

I don't want to mess up my schedule.

Infinitive after 'querer'.

5

Tu teléfono es muy viejo, está desfasado.

Your phone is very old, it is outdated.

Simple predicate adjective.

6

Los niños se desfasaron un poco.

The kids got a bit out of control.

Reflexive verb in the past.

7

Hay un desfase de dos horas.

There is a two-hour gap.

Using the noun 'desfase'.

8

El ritmo está desfasado.

The rhythm is out of sync.

Masculine singular agreement.

1

Si duermes todo el día, vas a desfasar tu sueño.

If you sleep all day, you're going to get your sleep out of sync.

Future construction 'ir a + infinitive'.

2

Este libro de ciencia está desfasado.

This science book is outdated.

Adjective modifying 'libro'.

3

Las noticias se desfasaron rápidamente.

The news became outdated quickly.

Reflexive use for becoming outdated.

4

Tenemos que arreglar el desfase entre los dos departamentos.

We have to fix the gap between the two departments.

Noun 'desfase' as a direct object.

5

El profesor usa métodos desfasados.

The teacher uses outdated methods.

Plural adjective agreement.

6

Me siento desfasado con la tecnología actual.

I feel out of touch with current technology.

Reflexive state with 'sentirse'.

7

El precio está desfasado comparado con otras tiendas.

The price is out of line compared to other stores.

Comparison using 'comparado con'.

8

La música y el baile se desfasaron.

The music and the dance got out of sync.

Plural reflexive verb.

1

Anoche nos desfasamos y volvimos a casa a las seis.

Last night we went wild and got home at six.

Colloquial reflexive use (Spain).

2

Es normal que los salarios se desfasen con la inflación.

It's normal for salaries to get out of sync with inflation.

Subjunctive after 'es normal que'.

3

El sistema operativo se ha desfasado y no admite nuevas apps.

The operating system has become outdated and doesn't support new apps.

Present perfect tense.

4

No quiero que mis ideas se queden desfasadas.

I don't want my ideas to become outdated.

Subjunctive after 'no querer que'.

5

Hay un gran desfase entre lo que dice y lo que hace.

There is a big gap between what he says and what he does.

Using 'desfase' for behavioral inconsistency.

6

La iluminación se desfasó durante el concierto.

The lighting got out of sync during the concert.

Preterite tense.

7

Muchas leyes actuales están desfasadas y necesitan reforma.

Many current laws are outdated and need reform.

Adjective with 'estar'.

8

Me desfasé un poco con los gastos este mes.

I went a bit overboard with my expenses this month.

Reflexive use for lack of control.

1

La empresa corre el riesgo de desfasarse si no invierte en I+D.

The company risks becoming outdated if it doesn't invest in R&D.

Reflexive infinitive after 'riesgo de'.

2

El desfase horario me dejó agotado durante tres días.

The jet lag left me exhausted for three days.

Specific term 'desfase horario'.

3

Al desfasar las señales de entrada, el circuito falló.

By putting the input signals out of phase, the circuit failed.

Gerund-like use of 'al + infinitive'.

4

Sus comentarios estaban totalmente desfasados de la realidad social.

His comments were totally out of touch with social reality.

Adjective phrase with 'de la realidad'.

5

No debemos permitir que la educación se desfase de las necesidades del mercado.

We must not allow education to fall behind the needs of the market.

Subjunctive after 'permitir que'.

6

El desfase entre la oferta y la demanda provocó una crisis.

The gap between supply and demand caused a crisis.

Economic context.

7

Suelen desfasar las vacaciones para que la oficina no quede vacía.

They usually stagger the holidays so the office doesn't stay empty.

Meaning 'to stagger' or 'to offset'.

8

La película es buena, pero el montaje está un poco desfasado.

The movie is good, but the editing is a bit outdated.

Critique context.

1

El desfase generacional es evidente en la forma de consumir medios.

The generational gap is evident in the way media is consumed.

Noun 'desfase' as a subject.

2

A medida que la tecnología avanza, los marcos legales se van desfasando.

As technology advances, legal frameworks are gradually becoming outdated.

Progressive construction 'ir + gerund'.

3

Resulta imperativo no desfasar los objetivos a largo plazo con las acciones diarias.

It is imperative not to disconnect long-term goals from daily actions.

Formal impersonal construction.

4

El técnico tuvo que desfasar la onda para evitar interferencias.

The technician had to shift the phase of the wave to avoid interference.

Technical transitive use.

5

Se produjo un desfase cognitivo al intentar asimilar tanta información.

A cognitive disconnect occurred while trying to assimilate so much information.

Abstract psychological use.

6

Las infraestructuras han quedado desfasadas por el crecimiento urbano.

The infrastructure has been left outdated by urban growth.

Passive state with 'quedar'.

7

Es un error desfasar la teoría académica de la implementación práctica.

It is an error to decouple academic theory from practical implementation.

Transitive use in a formal argument.

8

El desfase entre el discurso político y la acción ciudadana es preocupante.

The gap between political discourse and citizen action is worrying.

Complex noun phrase.

1

La obsolescencia programada busca desfasar los productos de forma artificial.

Planned obsolescence seeks to make products outdated artificially.

Transitive use in a complex socio-economic context.

2

El desfase temporal en la narrativa de la novela crea una sensación de desorientación.

The temporal shift in the novel's narrative creates a sense of disorientation.

Literary analysis context.

3

Sería un anacronismo desfasar la mentalidad del protagonista de su contexto histórico.

It would be an anachronism to disconnect the protagonist's mentality from their historical context.

High-level philosophical/literary argument.

4

La síncopa en el jazz a menudo juega con desfasar el ritmo principal.

Syncopation in jazz often plays with offsetting the main rhythm.

Specialized artistic usage.

5

El desfase de fase en la mecánica cuántica es un concepto fundamental.

Phase shift in quantum mechanics is a fundamental concept.

Scientific terminology.

6

No podemos permitir que el ímpetu del progreso desfasen nuestra brújula moral.

We cannot allow the momentum of progress to throw our moral compass out of sync.

Metaphorical usage with 'permitir que' + subjunctive.

7

Se desfasó tanto en sus pretensiones que acabó perdiendo todo su capital.

He went so far overboard in his pretensions that he ended up losing all his capital.

Reflexive use indicating excessive ambition.

8

La dialéctica entre lo nuevo y lo viejo a menudo desfasa las estructuras de poder.

The dialectic between the new and the old often puts power structures out of sync.

Abstract sociological usage.

Colocações comuns

Desfase horario
Estar desfasado
Desfasar las señales
Desfase generacional
Quedar desfasado
Desfasarse en la fiesta
Desfase presupuestario
Desfase temporal
Completamente desfasado
Desfasar el ritmo

Frases Comuns

Un poco desfasado

— Slightly out of date or slightly out of sync.

Tu móvil está un poco desfasado, ¿no?

Desfasado de la realidad

— Out of touch with what is actually happening.

Vives en un mundo desfasado de la realidad.

No te desfases

— Don't go too crazy or don't lose control.

Pásalo bien en la fiesta, pero no te desfases.

Desfase de precios

— A gap between the actual price and the expected/fair price.

Hay un gran desfase de precios entre el campo y el supermercado.

Desfasar los turnos

— To stagger work shifts so they don't overlap perfectly.

Vamos a desfasar los turnos para cubrir las 24 horas.

Sentirse desfasado

— To feel like one doesn't belong to the current time or group.

A veces me siento desfasado en este trabajo.

Tecnología desfasada

— Obsolete or old technology.

No podemos competir con tecnología desfasada.

Ideas desfasadas

— Old-fashioned or irrelevant thoughts.

Son ideas desfasadas que ya no funcionan.

Desfase de audio

— Lip-sync error or audio lag.

El desfase de audio hace que la película sea imposible de ver.

Desfasar por completo

— To be totally out of sync or to go completely wild.

Se desfasó por completo y acabó gritando a todos.

Expressões idiomáticas

"Estar en el siglo pasado"

— To be extremely outdated (similar to being desfasado).

Ese profesor está en el siglo pasado.

Informal
"Ir a su bola"

— To do one's own thing, often resulting in being 'desfasado' from the group.

Él va a su bola y siempre está desfasado con el equipo.

Slang
"Perder el norte"

— To lose one's way or sense of reality (often leads to 'desfasarse').

Desde que ganó la lotería, ha perdido el norte y se ha desfasado.

Neutral
"Pasarse tres pueblos"

— To go way too far (similar to the slang meaning of desfasarse).

Te has pasado tres pueblos con ese comentario, estás desfasado.

Slang (Spain)
"Quedarse en la prehistoria"

— To be incredibly outdated.

Tu ordenador se ha quedado en la prehistoria, está desfasadísimo.

Informal
"No dar pie con bola"

— To not get anything right (often because one is out of sync/desfasado).

Estoy tan cansado que no doy pie con bola, estoy desfasado.

Informal
"Estar fuera de onda"

— To be 'out of the wave' or out of touch.

Ya no entiendo a los jóvenes, estoy fuera de onda y desfasado.

Informal
"Cantar las cuarenta"

— To tell someone off (often done to someone who has 'desfasado').

Le canté las cuarenta porque se desfasó mucho en la reunión.

Informal
"Hacer el agosto"

— To make a lot of money (often by taking advantage of a 'desfase' in prices).

Hizo el agosto vendiendo paraguas durante el desfase del clima.

Informal
"Estar a por uvas"

— To be distracted or out of it.

Estás a por uvas y te has desfasado de la conversación.

Informal (Spain)
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