ज़िम्मेदारी
Responsibility, the state of being accountable for something.
ज़िम्मेदारी em 30 segundos
- ज़िम्मेदारी (Zimmedārī) means responsibility or duty in Hindi.
- It is a feminine noun of Persian origin used in daily and formal contexts.
- Commonly paired with verbs like 'उठाना' (take) and 'निभाना' (fulfill).
- The adjective form is 'ज़िम्मेदार' (responsible).
The word ज़िम्मेदारी (Zimmedārī) is a cornerstone of Hindi social and professional discourse. Derived from Persian roots, it signifies the weight of duty, the burden of accountability, and the moral or legal obligation one holds towards a task, a person, or a community. In its simplest form, it is 'responsibility'. However, in the Indian cultural context, it often carries a deeper emotional weight, frequently associated with family roles and social expectations.
- Etymological Root
- Originates from the Persian 'Zimma' (charge/care) and 'Dārī' (holding/having). Literally, it means 'holding a charge'.
- Grammatical Nature
- It is a feminine noun. Therefore, adjectives and verbs must agree with its gender (e.g., 'बड़ी ज़िम्मेदारी', not 'बड़ा ज़िम्मेदारी').
- Semantic Range
- Covers everything from small household chores to the immense burden of leading a nation or caring for elderly parents.
"अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी समझना ही इंसानियत की पहली सीढ़ी है।" (Understanding one's responsibility is the first step of humanity.)
To use this word effectively, one must understand its collocations. We 'take' responsibility (ज़िम्मेदारी लेना), 'fulfill' it (ज़िम्मेदारी निभाना), or 'escape' it (ज़िम्मेदारी से भागना). Each verb changes the tone of the sentence significantly. For instance, 'निभाना' (to fulfill/play a role) suggests a sense of grace and dedication, whereas 'उठाना' (to lift/take) suggests the initial acceptance of a burden.
"पर्यावरण को बचाना हम सबकी ज़िम्मेदारी है।" (Protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility.)
Using ज़िम्मेदारी correctly requires attention to the surrounding verbs and the feminine gender of the noun. It is most commonly paired with the possessive 'की' (kī) rather than 'का' (kā).
- Verb Pairing: उठाना (Uṭhānā)
- To take up or shoulder a responsibility. Example: 'उसने सारी ज़िम्मेदारी उठाई।'
- Verb Pairing: निभाना (Nibhānā)
- To fulfill or carry out a responsibility over time. Example: 'वह अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी अच्छी तरह निभा रहा है।'
- Verb Pairing: सौंपना (Saumpnā)
- To hand over or delegate responsibility to someone else. Example: 'मैने उसे यह ज़िम्मेदारी सौंपी है।'
In professional settings, the word is often used to define job roles. In legal or formal Hindi, you might encounter the synonym उत्तरदायित्व (Uttardāyitva), but in daily conversation, 'ज़िम्मेदारी' is the preferred term. If you want to describe someone as 'responsible', you use the adjective form: ज़िम्मेदार (Zimmedār).
"क्या आप अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी के लिए तैयार हैं?" (Are you ready for your responsibility?)
You will encounter ज़िम्मेदारी in almost every sphere of Indian life. From Bollywood dramas to corporate boardrooms, the concept of duty is central to the narrative.
- At Home: Parents often tell their children, "अब तुम बड़े हो गए हो, अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी समझो" (Now you are grown up, understand your responsibility).
- In News/Politics: Reporters often ask, "इस हादसे की ज़िम्मेदारी कौन लेगा?" (Who will take responsibility for this accident?).
- In Movies: Iconic dialogues often revolve around the 'ज़िम्मेदारी' of a hero towards his family or country.
- At Work: Managers might say, "यह प्रोजेक्ट आपकी ज़िम्मेदारी है" (This project is your responsibility).
Common Scenario: The Wedding
In Indian culture, the marriage of a sibling or child is seen as a major 'ज़िम्मेदारी'. You will often hear elders say, "बेटी की शादी एक बड़ी ज़िम्मेदारी होती है।"
Even intermediate learners often stumble with the gender and pronunciation of this word. Here are the most frequent errors:
- 1. Wrong Gender Agreement
- Mistake: 'यह मेरा ज़िम्मेदारी है' (Yah merā zimmedārī hai).
Correct: 'यह मेरी ज़िम्मेदारी है' (Yah merī zimmedārī hai). - 2. Confusing Noun and Adjective
- Mistake: 'वह बहुत ज़िम्मेदारी इंसान है' (He is a very responsibility person).
Correct: 'वह बहुत ज़िम्मेदार इंसान है' (He is a very responsible person). - 3. Pronunciation of 'Z'
- Many speakers substitute 'Z' with 'J', saying 'Jimmedārī'. While common in some dialects, the standard Urdu-influenced Hindi pronunciation uses the 'Z' sound (नुक्ता/Nukta).
While ज़िम्मेदारी is the most common term, Hindi offers several synonyms depending on the level of formality and the specific context.
| Word | Nuance |
|---|---|
| उत्तरदायित्व (Uttardāyitva) | Formal/Academic. Used in legal or official documents. |
| कर्तव्य (Kartavya) | Duty/Moral obligation. Often used in a patriotic or ethical sense. |
| भार (Bhār) | Literally 'weight' or 'burden'. Used when responsibility feels heavy. |
| फर्ज़ (Farz) | Religious or moral duty. Common in Urdu-Hindi poetry. |
Choosing the right word depends on whether you are talking to a friend (ज़िम्मेदारी), writing a legal contract (उत्तरदायित्व), or discussing moral philosophy (कर्तव्य).
How Formal Is It?
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यह मेरी ज़िम्मेदारी है।
This is my responsibility.
Use 'मेरी' because ज़िम्मेदारी is feminine.
आपकी ज़िम्मेदारी क्या है?
What is your responsibility?
Interrogative sentence.
पढ़ना मेरी ज़िम्मेदारी है।
Studying is my responsibility.
Subject is an infinitive verb.
घर की ज़िम्मेदारी बड़ी है।
The house responsibility is big.
Adjective 'बड़ी' agrees with the noun.
यह छोटी ज़िम्मेदारी है।
This is a small responsibility.
Adjective 'छोटी' used.
मेरी कोई ज़िम्मेदारी नहीं है।
I have no responsibility.
Negative sentence.
क्या यह तुम्हारी ज़िम्मेदारी है?
Is this your responsibility?
Informal 'तुम्हारी' used.
ज़िम्मेदारी अच्छी चीज़ है।
Responsibility is a good thing.
Simple declarative sentence.
उसने अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी पूरी की।
He/She completed their responsibility.
Past tense with 'की'.
मुझ पर बहुत ज़िम्मेदारी है।
I have a lot of responsibility on me.
Use of postposition 'पर'.
वह एक ज़िम्मेदार लड़का है।
He is a responsible boy.
Adjective form 'ज़िम्मेदार'.
हमें अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी समझनी चाहिए।
We should understand our responsibility.
Use of 'चाहिए' (should).
क्या आप यह ज़िम्मेदारी लेंगे?
Will you take this responsibility?
Future tense.
ज़िम्मेदारी से मत भागो।
Don't run away from responsibility.
Imperative negative.
यह काम किसकी ज़िम्मेदारी है?
Whose responsibility is this work?
Genitive 'किसकी'.
पिता की ज़िम्मेदारी परिवार पालना है।
A father's responsibility is to support the family.
Compound sentence.
अपनी गलतियों की ज़िम्मेदारी लेना सीखो।
Learn to take responsibility for your mistakes.
Infinitive as object.
नौकरी मिलने के बाद उसकी ज़िम्मेदारियाँ बढ़ गईं।
After getting a job, his responsibilities increased.
Plural form 'ज़िम्मेदारियाँ'.
एक अच्छे नागरिक की क्या ज़िम्मेदारी होती है?
What is the responsibility of a good citizen?
General truth/habitual present.
उसने बिना किसी डर के ज़िम्मेदारी निभाई।
He fulfilled the responsibility without any fear.
Adverbial phrase 'बिना किसी डर के'.
ज़िम्मेदारी का अहसास होना ज़रूरी है।
It is important to have a sense of responsibility.
Abstract concept 'अहसास'.
वह अपनी ज़िम्मेदारियों से थक गया है।
He is tired of his responsibilities.
Postposition 'से' with plural.
क्या आप इस प्रोजेक्ट की पूरी ज़िम्मेदारी उठा सकते हैं?
Can you take full responsibility for this project?
Modal verb 'सकते हैं'.
समाज के प्रति हमारी भी कुछ ज़िम्मेदारी है।
We also have some responsibility towards society.
Postposition 'के प्रति'.
कंपनी ने अपनी सामाजिक ज़िम्मेदारी (CSR) को गंभीरता से लिया है।
The company has taken its social responsibility (CSR) seriously.
Formal business context.
अधिकारों के साथ ज़िम्मेदारियाँ भी आती हैं।
With rights come responsibilities as well.
Philosophical statement.
उसे अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी का बिल्कुल भी ज्ञान नहीं है।
He has absolutely no awareness of his responsibility.
Emphasis with 'बिल्कुल भी'.
सरकार को इस संकट की ज़िम्मेदारी स्वीकार करनी चाहिए।
The government should accept responsibility for this crisis.
Formal recommendation.
ज़िम्मेदारी सौंपने से पहले व्यक्ति की क्षमता देखनी चाहिए।
Before delegating responsibility, one should see the person's capability.
Complex sentence with 'से पहले'.
वह अपनी ज़िम्मेदारियों के बोझ तले दबा हुआ है।
He is crushed under the weight of his responsibilities.
Metaphorical usage.
माता-पिता की ज़िम्मेदारी बच्चों को अच्छे संस्कार देना है।
The parents' responsibility is to give good values to children.
Cultural context.
क्या आप अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी से पल्ला झाड़ रहे हैं?
Are you washing your hands of your responsibility?
Idiomatic expression 'पल्ला झाड़ना'.
नैतिक ज़िम्मेदारी कानूनी ज़िम्मेदारी से कहीं अधिक महत्वपूर्ण होती है।
Moral responsibility is far more important than legal responsibility.
Comparative structure.
नेतृत्व का अर्थ केवल सत्ता नहीं, बल्कि ज़िम्मेदारी भी है।
Leadership means not just power, but responsibility as well.
Correlative conjunction 'केवल... बल्कि'.
उसने अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी का निर्वहन पूरी निष्ठा से किया।
He carried out his responsibility with complete devotion.
High-level vocabulary 'निर्वहन', 'निष्ठा'.
जब तक आप ज़िम्मेदारी नहीं लेंगे, आप विकसित नहीं हो सकते।
Until you take responsibility, you cannot grow.
Conditional clause 'जब तक'.
इस विफलता की सामूहिक ज़िम्मेदारी तय की जानी चाहिए।
Collective responsibility for this failure must be fixed.
Passive voice 'की जानी चाहिए'.
अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता के साथ ज़िम्मेदारी का तत्व भी जुड़ा है।
The element of responsibility is also linked with freedom of expression.
Abstract political discourse.
वह अपनी पारिवारिक ज़िम्मेदारियों और करियर के बीच संतुलन बनाने की कोशिश कर रहा है।
He is trying to strike a balance between his family responsibilities and career.
Complex coordination.
ज़िम्मेदारी से विमुख होना कायरता की निशानी है।
Turning away from responsibility is a sign of cowardice.
Formal literary style.
अस्तित्ववाद के अनुसार, मनुष्य अपनी नियति की पूर्ण ज़िम्मेदारी स्वयं वहन करता है।
According to existentialism, man himself bears full responsibility for his destiny.
Philosophical terminology.
प्रशासनिक ज़िम्मेदारी के निर्वहन में पारदर्शिता अनिवार्य है।
Transparency is mandatory in the discharge of administrative responsibility.
Bureaucratic formal Hindi.
क्या व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता और सामाजिक ज़िम्मेदारी परस्पर विरोधी हैं?
Are individual freedom and social responsibility mutually contradictory?
Rhetorical question in academic context.
लेखक की ज़िम्मेदारी समाज को आईना दिखाना है।
The writer's responsibility is to show a mirror to society.
Metaphorical literary usage.
उसने अपनी ज़िम्मेदारियों का त्याग कर संन्यास ले लिया।
He renounced his responsibilities and took up asceticism.
Historical/Cultural context.
न्यायपालिका की ज़िम्मेदारी संविधान की रक्षा करना है।
The responsibility of the judiciary is to protect the constitution.
Legal/Constitutional context.
ज़िम्मेदारी की भावना ही व्यक्ति को महान बनाती है।
The sense of responsibility alone makes a person great.
Emphasis with 'ही'.
पर्यावरणीय ज़िम्मेदारी अब एक वैश्विक अनिवार्यता बन चुकी है।
Environmental responsibility has now become a global necessity.
Present perfect with 'चुकी है'.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
ज़िम्मेदारी से भागना
ज़िम्मेदारी का अहसास
ज़िम्मेदारी का बोझ
अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी पर
ज़िम्मेदारी तय करना
ज़िम्मेदारी स्वीकार करना
ज़िम्मेदारी डालना
ज़िम्मेदारी महसूस करना
ज़िम्मेदारी का निर्वहन
ज़िम्मेदारी से पल्ला झाड़ना
Frequentemente confundido com
Expressões idiomáticas
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Padrões de frases
Como usar
Zimmedari is more common than Uttardayitva.
Often shortened to 'Zimma' in phrases like 'मेरे ज़िम्मे छोड़ दो'.
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ज़िम्मेदारी is feminine.
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Use the adjective 'ज़िम्मेदार' to describe a person.
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'Nibhānā' is the correct verb for fulfilling a responsibility.
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The correct pronunciation uses the 'Z' sound.
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In the oblique case (with postpositions), the plural changes to 'ज़िम्मेदारियों'.
Dicas
Gender Check
Always pair 'ज़िम्मेदारी' with 'की' (kī). For example, 'घर की ज़िम्मेदारी' (responsibility of the house).
Adjective vs Noun
Don't say 'I am responsibility'. Say 'I am responsible' (मैं ज़िम्मेदार हूँ) or 'It is my responsibility' (यह मेरी ज़िम्मेदारी है).
The Nukta
Pay attention to the dot under the 'ज'. It changes the sound from 'J' to 'Z'. This is a sign of good Hindi/Urdu education.
Family First
In India, 'ज़िम्मेदारी' often refers to looking after your parents. Using this word in that context shows cultural awareness.
Pluralization
When writing about many duties, use 'ज़िम्मेदारियाँ'. Note that the 'ī' changes to 'i' before adding 'yā̃'.
Collocations
Memorize 'ज़िम्मेदारी निभाना'. It sounds much more natural than just saying 'ज़िम्मेदारी करना'.
Context Clues
If you hear 'पर' (on) before 'ज़िम्मेदारी', it usually means someone is feeling the pressure of a duty.
Visual Link
Imagine a person carrying a heavy box. The box is the 'ज़िम्मेदारी'. The person is 'ज़िम्मेदार'.
Office Talk
In an interview, use 'ज़िम्मेदारी' to describe your previous roles. It shows you are serious and reliable.
Avoiding Duty
Learn 'पल्ला झाड़ना' (to wash hands of). It's a great idiom to use when someone is avoiding their 'ज़िम्मेदारी'.
Memorize
Origem da palavra
Persian
Contexto cultural
Historically, 'ज़िम्मेदारियाँ' were divided strictly by gender, but this is rapidly changing in urban India.
Elders are respected, and taking their 'ज़िम्मेदारी' in old age is a sacred duty.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Iniciadores de conversa
"आपकी सबसे बड़ी ज़िम्मेदारी क्या है?"
"क्या आपको लगता है कि आज के बच्चे ज़िम्मेदार हैं?"
"काम की ज़िम्मेदारी कैसे बाँटनी चाहिए?"
"क्या ज़िम्मेदारी लेने से तनाव बढ़ता है?"
"बचपन में आपकी क्या ज़िम्मेदारियाँ थीं?"
Temas para diário
आज मैंने अपनी कौन सी ज़िम्मेदारी निभाई?
एक ऐसी ज़िम्मेदारी के बारे में लिखें जिसे आप छोड़ना चाहते हैं।
ज़िम्मेदार होने का क्या मतलब है?
मेरे जीवन की सबसे बड़ी ज़िम्मेदारी क्या है?
क्या ज़िम्मेदारी और आज़ादी साथ-साथ चल सकते हैं?
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasIt is a feminine noun. You should always use feminine markers like 'मेरी' or 'बड़ी' with it. This is a common point of confusion for beginners.
ज़िम्मेदारी (Responsibility) is often about a specific task or person you are accountable for. कर्तव्य (Duty) is a broader moral or ethical obligation, like duty to one's country.
You say 'मैं ज़िम्मेदारी लेता हूँ' (masculine) or 'मैं ज़िम्मेदारी लेती हूँ' (feminine). The verb 'लेना' is used here.
Yes, it can be used for anything from 'cleaning your room' to 'running a country'. It is a very versatile word in Hindi.
Yes, the plural is 'ज़िम्मेदारियाँ' (Zimmedāriyā̃). It is used when you have multiple different duties or tasks to perform.
The adjective is 'ज़िम्मेदार' (Zimmedār), meaning 'responsible'. For example, 'वह एक ज़िम्मेदार नागरिक है' (He is a responsible citizen).
The 'Z' is pronounced like the English 'z' in 'zebra'. In Hindi, it is written as 'ज़' with a dot (nukta) below 'ज'.
The direct opposite is 'गैर-ज़िम्मेदारी' (irresponsibility). You can also use 'लापरवाही' (carelessness) in many contexts.
Not really. It is very formal. If you use it with friends, you might sound like a textbook or a politician. Stick to 'ज़िम्मेदारी'.
No, it is only a noun. To express the action, you must pair it with a verb like 'लेना' (to take) or 'निभाना' (to fulfill).
Teste-se 79 perguntas
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Summary
Understanding 'ज़िम्मेदारी' is essential for navigating Hindi social structures, as it defines one's role in the family, workplace, and society. It is more than just a task; it is an emotional and moral commitment.
- ज़िम्मेदारी (Zimmedārī) means responsibility or duty in Hindi.
- It is a feminine noun of Persian origin used in daily and formal contexts.
- Commonly paired with verbs like 'उठाना' (take) and 'निभाना' (fulfill).
- The adjective form is 'ज़िम्मेदार' (responsible).
Gender Check
Always pair 'ज़िम्मेदारी' with 'की' (kī). For example, 'घर की ज़िम्मेदारी' (responsibility of the house).
Adjective vs Noun
Don't say 'I am responsibility'. Say 'I am responsible' (मैं ज़िम्मेदार हूँ) or 'It is my responsibility' (यह मेरी ज़िम्मेदारी है).
The Nukta
Pay attention to the dot under the 'ज'. It changes the sound from 'J' to 'Z'. This is a sign of good Hindi/Urdu education.
Family First
In India, 'ज़िम्मेदारी' often refers to looking after your parents. Using this word in that context shows cultural awareness.
Exemplo
यह मेरी ज़िम्मेदारी है कि मैं अपना काम पूरा करूँ।
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आचार संहिता
B1Um conjunto de regras que descrevem as responsabilidades ou práticas adequadas para um indivíduo ou organização.
आगे बढ़ाना
A2Fazer algo ou alguém progredir. Por exemplo, avançar um projeto ou passar um objeto para frente.
आहरित करना
B1Sacar; retirar dinheiro de uma conta.
आहिस्ता-आहिस्ता
B1Lentamente; gradualmente; em um ritmo lento.
आजीविका
B1Livelihood; a means of securing the necessities of life.
आंकड़े इकट्ठा करना
B1Coletar fatos e estatísticas para análise.
आलेख तैयार करना
B1To draft a document; to prepare a written piece.
आलस्य से
B1Lazily; in a way that shows a lack of effort or enthusiasm.
आमदनी
A2Renda, ganhos
आने वाला कल
B1On the day after today.
