A1 verb Polite #50 mais comum 2 min de leitura

します

To do, to play (a sport/game), to perform.

shimasu /ɕimasɯ/

The verb 'shimasu' is a fundamental and versatile Japanese verb meaning 'to do', essential for everyday communication.

Pratique Notas e dicas

します em 30 segundos

  • Means 'to do' or 'to play'.
  • Very common and versatile verb.
  • Essential for basic Japanese conversation.
します (shimasu) is the polite form of する (suru), used in formal or semi-formal situations, when speaking to elders, superiors, or people you don't know well. Its casual equivalent is する (suru). Understanding when to use polite versus casual forms is crucial for appropriate communication in Japanese. します is used in daily conversations, business settings, and when showing respect. It contrasts with its plain form, which is typically reserved for close friends or family.
A significant use of します is its ability to combine with nouns to form compound verbs. Many Japanese nouns can be 'verbalized' by adding する or します. For instance, 勉強 (benkyō - 'study' - noun) becomes 勉強します (benkyō shimasu - 'to study' - verb). This makes します incredibly productive for expanding one's vocabulary and expressing a wide range of actions without learning a new verb for each specific activity. This grammatical structure is very common.
Beyond its literal meaning, します appears in many common expressions and idiomatic phrases. For example, 'お腹がします' (onaka ga shimasu) is incorrect; instead, 'お腹が空きます' (onaka ga sukimasu) is used for 'I'm hungry'. However, you might hear 'いい匂いがします' (ii nioi ga shimasu - 'It smells good') or '音がします' (oto ga shimasu - 'There's a sound'). These examples highlight how します can indicate perception or the occurrence of an event, adding to its versatility. Mastering these nuances is key.

Curiosidade

Despite being an A1 verb, する (suru) is one of only two truly irregular verbs in Japanese (the other being 来る - kuru, 'to come'), meaning its conjugation patterns don an follow standard rules, making it a unique linguistic feature.

Exemplos

1

毎日日本語を{勉強|べんきょう}します。

Talking about daily routine.

I study Japanese every day.

2

{週末|しゅうまつ}にテニスをしますか？

Asking about hobbies/activities.

Do you play tennis on the weekends?

3

どちらにしますか？

Asking someone to make a decision.

Which one will you choose?

4

パーティーをします。

Planning an event.

We will have a party.

Colocações comuns

{勉強|べんきょう}します to study
テニスをします to play tennis
{仕事|しごと}をします to work
{電話|でんわ}をします to make a phone call

Frases Comuns

何（なに）をしますか？

What will you do?

すみません、もう一度（いちど）します。

Excuse me, I'll do it again.

よろしくお願（ねが）いします。

Please treat me well. / Thank you in advance.

Frequentemente confundido com

します vs やる

'Yaru' also means 'to do' but is generally more informal or can sometimes imply a rougher action compared to the neutral 'shimasu'.

します vs 行う (おこなう)

'Okonau' means 'to perform' or 'to carry out' and is often used for more formal events, ceremonies, or research, sounding more formal than 'shimasu'.

Padrões gramaticais

Noun + を + します (e.g., 勉強をします) Noun + を + します (e.g., スポーツをします) Noun + を + します (e.g., 買い物（かいもの）をします)

Como usar

The verb 'shimasu' is the polite form (masu-form) of 'suru'. It is used in a wide range of situations, from casual conversations to more formal settings. When used with nouns, it often takes the particle 'o' (を). Remember that many specific verbs exist, and using them can make your Japanese more nuanced.

Erros comuns

Learners sometimes overuse 'shimasu' when a more specific verb would be more natural (e.g., using 'eiga o shimasu' instead of 'eiga o mimasu' for 'watch a movie'). Pay attention to which verbs are commonly paired with nouns.

Dicas

💡

Master the 'Do' Verb

Learn 'shimasu' first as it's the most common verb. Practice using it with various nouns.

⚠️

Avoid Overuse

While versatile, sometimes a more specific verb is better. Learn specific verbs as you progress.

🌍

Politeness Levels

'Shimasu' is polite (masu-form). For very formal situations, consider 'itashimasu'.

Origem da palavra

The verb する (suru), from which します is derived, has ancient roots in Japanese, evolving from older forms. Its irregular conjugation is a testament to its long history and frequent use.

Contexto cultural

The politeness level of 'shimasu' makes it suitable for most everyday interactions in Japan, showing respect without being overly formal. Using the 'masu' form is a fundamental aspect of Japanese social interaction.

Dica de memorização

Think of 'shimasu' as the Swiss Army knife of Japanese verbs – it can do many things! Associate it with the English word 'do' and remember its versatility.

Perguntas frequentes

4 perguntas

「します」は、何かを実行する、遊ぶ、勉強する、働くなど、幅広い動作を表す基本的な動詞です。文脈によって具体的な意味が決まります。

「します」は、名詞の後ろに「を」をつけて使われることが多いです。例えば、「勉強をします」、「ゲームをします」、「料理をします」のように使います。

「します」は丁寧語（ます形）ですが、日常会話で広く使われる標準的な表現です。より丁寧な場面では「いたします」が使われることもあります。

日常生活のあらゆる場面で使われます。友人との会話、学校、職場、趣味など、様々な状況で「～をします」という形で表現します。

Teste-se

fill blank

私は毎日、日本語の勉強を＿＿。

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa: します

「勉強」という名詞の後には、「します」が来て「勉強をする」という意味になります。

multiple choice

週末は友達とサッカーを＿＿。

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa: します

「サッカー」はスポーツの名前なので、「します」を使って「サッカーをする」と表現するのが一般的です。

sentence building

私 / 週末 / 映画 / を / します

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa: 私 は 週末 映画 を 見ます。

「映画」は「見る」という動詞と結びつくのが自然です。この問題では「します」ではなく、より具体的な動詞「見ます」を選ぶのが適切です。

Pontuação: /3

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