An ancestral tablet serves as the spiritual home for a deceased person within a Buddhist household.
位牌 em 30 segundos
- A wooden tablet representing a deceased person's spirit.
- Placed inside a Buddhist altar for daily worship.
- Commonly used in Japanese funeral and memorial rituals.
Overview
- 1概要：位牌（いはい）は、日本の仏教寺院や家庭において、故人の霊を祀るために作られる木製の札です。表面には戒名や法名、裏面には没年月日や俗名が記されます。故人の魂が宿る「依代（よりしろ）」としての役割を持ち、仏壇の中に安置されます。2) 使用パターン：主に葬儀の後に作られ、四十九日の法要を機に「本位牌」へ作り替えるのが一般的です。法事や毎日の礼拝の際に、位牌に向かって手を合わせることで、故人への感謝や追悼の意を示します。3) 一般的な文脈：お盆や彼岸、命日などの仏事において必ず登場する言葉です。家族が親族を亡くした際、位牌の作成や安置場所（仏壇）の準備は、日本社会における重要な儀礼の一つです。4) 類語との比較：『墓碑（ぼひ）』は墓石に刻まれた文字を指しますが、位牌は屋内用です。『遺影（いえい）』は故人の写真であり、位牌とは役割が異なります。位牌はより宗教的・儀礼的な意味合いが強いのが特徴です。
Exemplos
仏壇に新しい位牌を安置した。
everydayI placed the new ancestral tablet in the Buddhist altar.
先祖の位牌を丁寧に掃除する。
formalI carefully clean the ancestral tablets.
位牌の前で手を合わせる。
informalI press my hands together in front of the ancestral tablet.
位牌の歴史は日本仏教の変遷と深く関わっている。
academicThe history of ancestral tablets is deeply connected to the evolution of Japanese Buddhism.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
位牌を閉じる
to stop ancestral worship (end the lineage)
位牌分け
creating a smaller duplicate tablet for family members
Frequentemente confundido com
Boseki is a tombstone located in a cemetery outdoors. Ihai is a wooden tablet kept indoors for daily worship.
Iei is a photograph of the deceased. It is for remembering their face, whereas the Ihai is for the spirit.
Padrões gramaticais
Como usar
The word is highly formal and carries deep religious weight. It is used primarily in contexts involving funerals, memorial services, or discussions about family ancestry. Avoid using it lightly in casual conversation.
Learners often confuse the physical tablet with a photo or a grave marker. Remember that 'ihai' specifically refers to the wooden tablet used inside the home. It is also often misspelled or misused as a generic term for all funeral goods.
Dicas
Understanding the spiritual role
Think of the 'ihai' not just as a piece of wood, but as the physical vessel for the spirit. It acts as a bridge between the living and the departed.
Respectful handling of tablets
Never handle an ancestral tablet carelessly. It is treated with the same reverence as the person it represents.
Cultural importance in Japan
The presence of ancestral tablets is central to Japanese ancestor worship. It maintains the family bond across generations.
Origem da palavra
The term comes from Chinese Buddhism, where 'i' means rank or position and 'hai' means tablet. It signifies the rank or status of the deceased in the afterlife hierarchy.
Contexto cultural
Ancestral tablets are the core of the Japanese 'butsudan' culture. They symbolize the continuity of the family line and the ongoing connection between the living and the ancestors.
Dica de memorização
Think of 'I' (spirit) + 'hai' (tablet). It is the 'I' (spirit) home for the 'hai' (tablet).
Perguntas frequentes
4 perguntas通常は遺族が仏壇店や石材店に依頼して作成します。葬儀の際に使う仮の位牌から、四十九日までに正式な本位牌へ作り替えるのが一般的です。
位牌には故人の魂が宿ると考えられているため、勝手に捨てることはできません。寺院で「閉眼供養（魂抜き）」をしてもらい、お焚き上げを依頼するのが正しい作法です。
最近ではコンパクトな現代風の仏壇も増えています。仏壇がない場合でも、故人を偲ぶための小さなスペースを設け、そこに丁寧に安置することが推奨されます。
位牌は家の中に安置して日常的に供養するためのもので、墓石は屋外に建てて故人を永代にわたって祀るためのものです。どちらも故人を尊ぶための大切な存在です。
Teste-se 1 perguntas
四十九日の法要で、仮の位牌から___に作り替えた。
四十九日を境に正式な位牌である「本位牌」に切り替えるのが日本の伝統的な習慣です。
/ 1 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
An ancestral tablet serves as the spiritual home for a deceased person within a Buddhist household.
- A wooden tablet representing a deceased person's spirit.
- Placed inside a Buddhist altar for daily worship.
- Commonly used in Japanese funeral and memorial rituals.
Understanding the spiritual role
Think of the 'ihai' not just as a piece of wood, but as the physical vessel for the spirit. It acts as a bridge between the living and the departed.
Respectful handling of tablets
Never handle an ancestral tablet carelessly. It is treated with the same reverence as the person it represents.
Cultural importance in Japan
The presence of ancestral tablets is central to Japanese ancestor worship. It maintains the family bond across generations.
Exemplos
4 de 4仏壇に新しい位牌を安置した。
I placed the new ancestral tablet in the Buddhist altar.
先祖の位牌を丁寧に掃除する。
I carefully clean the ancestral tablets.
位牌の前で手を合わせる。
I press my hands together in front of the ancestral tablet.
位牌の歴史は日本仏教の変遷と深く関わっている。
The history of ancestral tablets is deeply connected to the evolution of Japanese Buddhism.
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