Hello! You're learning Japanese, that's great! Today we learn おくる (okuru). It means 'to send' or 'to see someone off'.
Imagine you send a toy to your friend. You おくる the toy. Or, your mom goes to work. You say 'bye-bye' at the door. You おくる her. It's like a little goodbye wave!
So, おくる is for sending things or saying goodbye when someone leaves. Easy, right?
Great job! You're moving up! Let's talk about おくる (okuru). This verb has two main uses: 'to send' and 'to see someone off'.
For example, you can おくる a letter to your grandma: 手紙をおくる (tegami o okuru). Or, if your friend is going home, you can walk with them to the station to おくる them: 駅までおくる (eki made okuru).
It's a very common verb used in daily life when you send things or accompany someone to their departure point. Keep practicing!
Fantastic! You're at an intermediate level, and おくる (okuru) is a verb you'll encounter often. It means 'to send' or 'to see someone off'.
Let's look at some common situations. If you want to send a package, you'd say 荷物をおくる (nimotsu o okuru). When you're seeing a friend off at the airport, you can say 空港までおくる (kūkō made okuru).
It's important to note that while おくる can mean 'to see off', the verb 見送る (miokuru) specifically means 'to see someone off' and is often used in this context. However, おくる is perfectly natural in casual conversation for both sending items and seeing people off.
Mastering おくる will help you communicate more effectively in various daily scenarios.
Excellent! At the B2 level, you're ready to appreciate the nuances of おくる (okuru). Beyond the basic 'to send' and 'to see off', understanding its collocations and register is key.
Consider the difference between sending a gift, プレゼントをおくる (purezento o okuru), and seeing someone off at the station, 駅までおくる (eki made okuru). While おくる covers both, the specific context and accompanying words clarify the meaning.
In more formal situations, or when you want to emphasize the act of farewell, 見送る (miokuru) might be preferred. However, おくる remains a versatile and widely understood verb. Pay attention to its usage in different contexts to grasp the subtle differences in politeness and emphasis.
You might also encounter idioms like 時を öκuru (toki o okuru), meaning 'to pass time', though other verbs are often more common for this specific meaning.
Welcome to the advanced level! Let's delve deeper into おくる (okuru). While its core meanings of 'to send' and 'to see off' are well-established, its usage can carry subtle implications depending on the context and collocations.
The verb おくる is often used when dispatching items, such as メールをおくる (mēru o okuru) (to send an email) or 書類をおくる (shorui o okuru) (to send documents). When seeing someone off, it implies accompaniment and a degree of personal involvement. For instance, 親友を駅までおくる (shin'yū o eki made okuru) (to see off a close friend to the station) carries a warmer connotation than a simple factual statement.
Culturally, the act of seeing someone off is significant in Japan. While おくる is a general term, specific expressions like 餞別を贈る (senbetsu o okuru) (to give a parting gift) highlight the social importance of farewells. Understanding these nuances allows for more sophisticated communication.
Be aware of potential confusion with synonyms like 送致する (sōchi suru) (to transmit, often in official contexts) or 派遣する (haken suru) (to dispatch, often personnel). おくる remains the most common and versatile choice for everyday scenarios.
At the mastery level, we examine おくる (okuru) not just for its denotations but for its cultural resonance and literary applications. The verb's etymology, stemming from ancient Japanese roots signifying movement and conveyance, informs its broad semantic field.
In contemporary usage, おくる encompasses both the physical dispatch of objects—小包をおくる (kozutsumi o okuru) (to send a parcel)—and the act of accompanying someone, often imbued with emotional weight. The distinction between おくる and the more specific 見送る (miokuru) becomes apparent in nuanced contexts; while おくる can imply seeing off, 見送る specifically denotes the act of watching someone depart, often with a sense of longing or finality.
Literary works might employ おくる in more figurative senses. For example, 人生の節目に餞を贈る (jinsei no fushime ni sen o okuru) (to give a parting gift at a turning point in life) uses the verb in a ceremonial context. Understanding the historical evolution of 送 (sō) and its associated verbs provides insight into the cultural significance of sending and farewell rituals in Japan.
Furthermore, comparing おくる with Sino-Japanese compounds like 郵送する (yūsō suru) (to send by post) or 配達する (haitatsu suru) (to deliver) reveals the idiomatic and native character of おくる, highlighting its deep integration into the Japanese linguistic fabric.
おくる em 30 segundos
- おくる is a versatile verb with two main meanings: 'to send' (items, messages) and 'to see someone off' (at a departure point).
- It's a Group 1 verb, following predictable conjugation patterns.
- Distinguish between 送る (general send) and 贈る (send gifts/blessings) based on kanji and context.
- Common collocations include sending letters, gifts, emails, and seeing people off to stations or airports.
Hey there! Let's dive into the super useful Japanese verb おくる (okuru). It's one of those words that pops up in everyday conversations, so knowing it will really boost your Japanese skills!
At its core, おくる has two main meanings that are related but distinct. The first is 'to send'. Think about sending a gift to a friend, mailing a letter, or even sending an email. If you're transmitting something from one place or person to another, おくる is the verb you'll often use.
The second, and equally important, meaning is 'to see someone off'. This is when you accompany someone to their departure point – maybe the train station, the airport, or even just to the door when they're leaving. It’s about being there to say goodbye and wish them well on their journey. It carries a sense of care and politeness.
So, whether you're dispatching a package or giving a heartfelt farewell, おくる is your go-to verb. It’s a fantastic word to have in your vocabulary arsenal!
The verb おくる (okuru) has a fascinating history rooted in the Japanese language itself. Its origins can be traced back to ancient Japanese, where the verb oku (送り) already existed with meanings related to sending and dispatching.
The character 送 (sō) which is often used for the 'send' meaning of おくる, has been part of written Japanese for centuries. Its original pictographic form depicted a person walking or moving, emphasizing the idea of movement and conveyance. Over time, the pronunciation shifted and evolved, leading to the modern verb おくる.
Interestingly, the nuance of 'seeing someone off' is also deeply embedded in Japanese culture. The act of accompanying someone to their departure point is a gesture of respect and care. This cultural practice likely reinforced and perhaps even broadened the usage of おくる to encompass this specific meaning.
While the core meaning has remained consistent, the contexts in which おくる is used have naturally expanded with societal changes, such as the advent of modern communication methods like email and instant messaging. Yet, the fundamental idea of transmission and farewell remains at its heart.
おくる is a workhorse verb in Japanese, appearing in a wide variety of situations! Let's break down how and when to use it.
Sending Objects: When you're sending a physical item, you'll often pair おくる with the object being sent. For example, 手紙をおくる (tegami o okuru) means 'to send a letter', and プレゼントをおくる (purezento o okuru) means 'to send a present'. You might also hear 荷物をおくる (nimotsu o okuru), 'to send luggage'.
Seeing Someone Off: This is where the politeness factor comes in! When you're seeing someone off, you're usually accompanying them. Common phrases include 駅までおくる (eki made okuru), 'to see someone off to the station', or 空港までおくる (kūkō made okuru), 'to see someone off to the airport'. You can also simply say 見送る (miokuru), which specifically means 'to see off', but おくる is often used interchangeably in casual contexts when you are the one doing the accompanying.
Formality: おくる is generally a neutral verb. It can be used in both casual and slightly more formal settings. However, when seeing someone off, using the more specific verb 見送る (miokuru) can sometimes sound a bit more formal or emphasize the act of watching them depart. In everyday conversation, おくる is perfectly acceptable for both meanings.
Register Scale:
- Casual: Just saying おくる is fine for friends and family.
- Neutral: Works in most daily situations, like with acquaintances or colleagues.
- Formal: While おくる itself isn't overly formal, in very formal writing or speeches, you might see more specific kanji or alternative phrasing depending on the context.
Remember, context is key! Pay attention to how native speakers use it, and you'll quickly get the hang of it.
While おくる itself is quite straightforward, it appears in some common expressions that add a layer of nuance!
1. 時を öκuru (toki o okuru)
- Meaning: To pass time, to spend time.
- Example: 週末は家でゆっくり時を過ごしました。(Shūmatsu wa ie de yukkuri toki o sugoshimashita.) - I spent the weekend relaxing at home. (Note: 過ごす (sugosu) is more common here, but おくる can sometimes be used poetically or in older contexts.)
2. 船出を öκuru (funade o okuru)
- Meaning: To see off a ship's departure; metaphorically, to send someone off on a new venture or journey.
- Example: 友人の新しい門出を祝って、盛大に見送りました。(Yūjin no atarashii kadode o iwatte, seidai ni miokurimashita.) - We celebrated our friend's new beginning and saw them off grandly. (Here, 見送る is more common, but the concept aligns with おくる.)
3. 涙を öκuru (namida o okuru)
- Meaning: To shed tears; to cry.
- Example: その感動的な映画を見て、思わず涙を流しました。(Sono kandōteki na eiga o mite, omowazu namida o nagashimashita.) - Watching that moving movie, I unintentionally shed tears. (Again, 流す (nagashu) is more common, but おくる can be used in literary contexts.)
4. 命を öκuru (inochi o okuru)
- Meaning: To give one's life; to sacrifice one's life. This is a very strong and often poetic expression.
- Example: 兵士たちは祖国のために命を捧げた。(Heishitachi wa sokoku no tame ni inochi o sasageta.) - The soldiers sacrificed their lives for their country. (捧げる (sasageru) is the more standard verb here.)
5. 餞 (はなむけ) を öκuru (hanamuke o okuru)
- Meaning: To give a parting gift or send-off; traditionally, a gift given to someone about to embark on a journey or new phase of life.
- Example: 旅立つ先輩に、皆で餞別を贈った。(Tabidatsu senpai ni, minna de senbetsu o okutta.) - Everyone gave a parting gift to the senior colleague who was leaving. (贈る (okuru) is the kanji used here, and it's a synonym.)
These expressions show how the core idea of 'sending' or 'dispatching' can be extended metaphorically. Keep an ear out for them!
Let's get down to the nitty-gritty of おくる's grammar and how to say it!
Verb Conjugation: おくる is a Group 1 verb (also known as a 'u-verb'). This means its stem ends in a 'u' sound, and it follows a predictable pattern for conjugation.
- Masu-form (Polite): おくります (okurimasu) - to send/see off
- Te-form: おくって (okutte) - sending/seeing off (used for requests, connecting clauses)
- Ta-form (Past): おくった (okutta) - sent/saw off
- Potential Form: おくれる (okureru) - can send/can see off
- Volitional Form: おくろう (okurō) - let's send/let's see off
- Imperative Form: おくれ (okure) - send!/see off! (use with caution, can be rude)
Pronunciation:
- IPA (British English): /əˈkʊ.ɹuː/
- IPA (American English): /əˈkʊ.ɹu/
- Breakdown: The 'o' is often a soft, unstressed sound, almost like 'uh'. The 'ku' is a clear 'k' sound followed by a short 'oo'. The final 'ru' is pronounced clearly.
- Sounds like: Think of saying 'uh-KOO-roo'.
Common Pronunciation Errors:
- Over-emphasizing the 'o': Saying 'OH-koo-roo' instead of the softer 'uh-koo-roo'.
- Pronouncing 'ku' too hard: Make sure it's a standard 'k' sound, not too aspirated.
- Dropping the final 'u': While the final 'u' can sometimes be devoiced or shortened in rapid speech, it's important to articulate it clearly when learning.
Rhyming Words: Finding perfect rhymes in Japanese can be tricky due to the syllable structure, but words ending in '-kuru' or '-uru' might sound similar:
- つく (tsuku) - to arrive
- しくしく (shikushiku) - sobbing sound
- ゆるく (yuruku) - loosely (adverb)
- さく (saku) - to bloom
Practice saying おくる clearly and smoothly, and you'll nail it!
Curiosidade
The kanji '送' itself has evolved from pictograms representing movement and conveyance, highlighting the long history of this concept in the language.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing the initial 'o' too strongly.
- Making the 'ku' sound too aspirated.
- Not clearly articulating the final 'u' sound.
Nível de dificuldade
Readable with basic kanji knowledge
Requires understanding of verb conjugation and particles
Pronunciation is relatively straightforward
Common verb, easily recognizable
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Verb Conjugation (Group 1)
おくる -> おくります (masu-form), おくって (te-form), おくった (ta-form)
Particles を and に
プレゼントを友達に送る (purezento o tomodachi ni okuru)
Using まで with Verbs of Movement
駅まで送る (eki made okuru)
Expressing Intentions with 〜ことにする
メールを送ることにしました (mēru o okuru koto ni shimashita)
Exemplos por nível
私 は 手紙 を おくる。
I / letter / send
Basic Subject-Object-Verb structure.
友達 に プレゼント を おくる。
Friend / to / present / send
The particle に indicates the recipient.
駅 まで おくる。
Station / until / see off
まで means 'until' or 'to'.
これ を 送って ください。
This / send / please do
Te-form + ください for polite request.
お母さん を 見送る。
Mother / see off
見送る specifically means 'to see off'.
手紙 を 送った。
Letter / sent
Ta-form for past tense.
メール を おくる。
Email / send
Modern usage for digital communication.
さようなら。またね。
Goodbye. / See you.
Common farewell phrases.
田中さんは友達に誕生日プレゼントを贈りました。
Tanaka-san / friend / birthday present / sent
Polite past tense -ました.
明日、空港まで彼を見送りに行きます。
Tomorrow / airport / until / him / see off / go
〜まで indicates destination.
この荷物は東京の家族に送ります。
This / luggage / Tokyo / family / to / send
〜に indicates the recipient or destination.
古い手紙を整理してお母さんに送った。
Old / letters / organize / mother / to / sent
〜て form connects actions.
卒業式の日、先生は私たちを見送ってくれた。
Graduation ceremony / day / teacher / we / saw off / did for us
〜てくれる shows a favor done for the speaker.
メールで資料を送ってください。
Email / by / documents / send / please do
〜で indicates the means (by email).
彼は遠い国へ旅立ちました。寂しいですが、見送ってあげましょう。
He / far / country / to / departed. / Sad / but, / see off / let's do for him.
〜てあげましょう is a suggestion to do a favor.
この本は図書館から借りたものです。返却期限までに送り返してください。
This / book / library / from / borrowed / is. / Due date / by / send back / please do.
送り返す (okurikaesu) means 'to send back'.
この絵は友人の個展に送る予定です。
This / painting / friend's / solo exhibition / to / send / plan is
〜予定です indicates a future plan.
出発の時、同僚たちが駅まで私を見送ってくれた。
Departure / time / colleagues / station / until / me / saw off / did for us
The particle まで specifies the endpoint of the escort.
大切な書類なので、速達で送ることにしました。
Important / documents / because, / express mail / by / send / decided to do
〜ことにしました expresses a decision made.
子供の成長を願って、両親は温かい言葉を送った。
Child's / growth / wish / parents / warm / words / sent
Metaphorical use of 'sending' words of encouragement.
彼は新しいビジネスを始めるため、故郷を離れる。皆で盛大に見送ろう。
He / new / business / start / because, / hometown / leave. / Everyone / grandly / let's see off.
Volitional form 〜う for suggestion.
このプレゼントは、感謝の気持ちを込めてお送りします。
This / present / gratitude / feeling / put in / will send
お送りします is the humble form of 送る.
卒業後、友人は海外に留学するので、空港まで見送りに行く予定だ。
After graduation, / friend / overseas / study abroad / because, / airport / until / see off / go / plan is
〜ので indicates reason.
古いアルバムを整理したら、懐かしい写真がたくさん出てきたので、昔の友達に送ってみようと思う。
Old / album / organize / when, / nostalgic / photos / many / came out / because, / old / friends / to / send / try / think
〜てみようと思う expresses intention to try something.
この度はご丁寧な対応、誠にありがとうございました。心より感謝の意をお送りいたします。
This time / polite / response, / truly / thank you. / Heart / from / gratitude / feeling / send
Formal expression of gratitude, using お送りいたします (humble form).
長年勤めた会社を退職するにあたり、同僚たちに餞別を贈られた。
Many years / worked / company / retire / upon, / colleagues / parting gift / were given
餞別を贈る (senbetsu o okuru) - to give a parting gift.
彼は遠く離れた故郷の母に、毎月欠かさず仕送りを送っている。
He / far / distant / hometown / mother / every month / without fail / remittance / sends
仕送り (shiokuri) refers to financial support sent to someone studying or living away from home.
プロジェクトの成功を祈念し、関係各位に感謝状を送付いたしました。
Project / success / pray for / related parties / thank you letter / send
送付する (sōfu suru) is a more formal synonym for sending documents.
別れは寂しいものだが、友人の新たな門出を盛大に見送ってあげたい。
Parting / sad / thing / but, / friend's / new / beginning / grandly / let's see off for them
門出 (kadode) - new beginning; 〜てあげたい expresses a desire to do something for someone.
この度の震災により被災された方々へ、心ばかりの支援物資をお送りします。
This time / earthquake disaster / due to / affected / people / to, / small / relief supplies / send
心ばかり (kokorobakari) - 'just a small token'; often used in offering gifts or aid.
彼は常に周囲の人々への配慮を忘れず、誰に対しても丁寧な言葉遣いで接していた。
He / always / people around / towards / consideration / forget / anyone / towards / polite / way of speaking / treated
This sentence uses 接する (sessuru - to treat/interact), but the underlying theme is similar to 'sending' good feelings.
卒業制作の展示会には、多くの恩師や友人が駆けつけ、彼の新たな一歩を温かく見送ってくれた。
Graduation work / exhibition / to, / many / teachers / friends / rushed to attend, / his / new / step / warmly / saw off
恩師 (onshi) - respected teacher; 駆けつける (kaketsukeru) - to rush to attend.
彼は長年の研究成果を学会に発表し、その功績を称え、関係者から多くの賛辞が送られた。
He / many years / research results / academic conference / to / presented, / his achievements / praise, / related parties / from / many / compliments / were sent
賛辞を送る (sanji o okuru) - to send compliments/praise.
別れの季節、卒業生たちは恩師からの温かい励ましの言葉を胸に、それぞれの道を歩み始めた。
Parting / season, / graduating students / respected teachers / from / warm / words of encouragement / heart / into, / their respective paths / start walking
励ましの言葉を送る (hagemashi no kotoba o okuru) - to send words of encouragement.
その作家は、登場人物たちの内面心理を丹念に描き出し、読者に深い共感を送ることに成功した。
That / author / characters / inner psychology / meticulously / depicted, / readers / deep empathy / send / succeeded in doing
共感（の念）を送る (kyōkan (no nen) o okuru) - to send empathy/sympathy.
歴史的な瞬間、平和への願いが世界中から送られ、新たな時代の幕開けを告げた。
Historic / moment, / peace / towards / wish / world from / sent, / new era / beginning / announced
平和への願いを送る (heiwa e no negai o okuru) - to send wishes for peace.
彼は、長年連れ添った妻を亡くし、深い悲しみの中にあったが、友人たちの励ましに支えられ、静かに時を過ごしていた。
He, / many years / accompanied / wife / lost, / deep sadness / within / was, / friends' / encouragement / by supported, / quietly / time / was spending
時を過ごす (toki o sugosu) is more common than 時を送る for 'spending time', but the latter can be used poetically.
その芸術家は、社会へのメッセージを込めた作品を発表し、鑑賞者に強烈な印象を送った。
That / artist / society / towards / message / put in / artwork / presented, / viewers / strong / impression / sent
印象を送る (inshō o okuru) - to send an impression.
長年の功績が認められ、彼は栄誉ある賞を授与された。関係者一同、心からの祝福を送った。
Many years / achievements / recognized, / he / honorable / award / was awarded. / Related parties / all, / heart's / congratulations / sent
祝福を送る (shukufuku o okuru) - to send congratulations.
異国の地で奮闘する若者たちへ、我々ができる限りの支援を送りたいと強く願っている。
Foreign land / at / struggling / young people / to, / we / can do / as much as possible / support / send / want to / strongly / am wishing
支援を送る (shien o okuru) - to send support/aid.
その哲学者による長文の書簡は、後世に多大な影響を及ぼす思想的遺産を送り出すものだった。
That / philosopher / by / long-written / letter / future generations / to / immense / influence / exert / philosophical legacy / send out / was
送り出す (okuridasu) - to send out, dispatch, launch; often used for sending something significant into the future.
彼は、数奇な運命に翻弄されながらも、不屈の精神で人生という名の航海を送り続けた。
He, / strange / fate / tossed about / while, / indomitable / spirit / with / life / named / voyage / continued to send
人生を送る (jinsei o okuru) - to live one's life; here used poetically as 'sending' or 'navigating' life.
その芸術家は、伝統的な技法に革新的な解釈を施し、時代を超えて響き渡る普遍的な美学を送出した。
That / artist / traditional / techniques / innovative / interpretation / applied, / era / beyond / resonate / universal / aesthetics / sent out
送出した (okuridashita) - sent out, produced, created (often with a sense of bringing something new into existence).
古来より、旅立つ者には餞が贈られ、その門出を祝う慣習は、人々の絆の深さを物語っている。
Ancient times / from, / departing people / parting gift / was given, / their new beginning / celebrate / custom / people's / bonds / depth / tells
餞が贈られ (sen ga okurare) - a parting gift was given (passive form).
彼は、自らの体験を基にした小説を通して、現代社会に潜む孤独や疎外感といったテーマを読者に突きつける形で提示した。
He, / his own / experiences / based on / novel / through, / modern society / lurking / loneliness / alienation / such themes / readers / confrontational / way / presented
突きつける (tsukitsukeru) - to thrust at, confront; here implies 'sending' a challenging message.
その指揮者は、オーケストラから聴衆へと、情熱的な音楽の奔流を送り出すことに成功した。
That / conductor / orchestra / from / audience / to, / passionate / music / torrent / send out / succeeded in doing
奔流を送る (honryū o okuru) - to send forth a torrent (metaphorical).
彼女は、長年にわたる社会貢献活動を通じて、人々に希望の灯を送り続けることを自らの使命としていた。
She, / many years / social contribution activities / through, / people / hope / light / continue to send / as her own / mission / was
希望の灯を送る (kibō no hi o okuru) - to send a light of hope.
この古典文学作品は、時代を超えて読み継がれ、現代人にも普遍的な人間ドラマの真髄を送っている。
This / classical literature work / era / beyond / read continuously, / modern people / to also / universal / human drama / essence / is sending
真髄を送る (shinzui o okuru) - to send the essence/quintessence.
Colocações comuns
Expressões idiomáticas
"時を öκuru (toki o okuru)"
To pass time; to spend time.
週末は家で静かに時を送りました。
neutral/literary"餞を öκuru (sen o okuru)"
To give a parting gift; to send someone off with good wishes.
旅立つ友人へ、皆で餞を送った。
formal/literary"命を öκuru (inochi o okuru)"
To give one's life; to sacrifice one's life (often used in heroic or tragic contexts).
兵士たちは祖国のために命を送った。
formal/literary"涙を送る (namida o okuru)"
To shed tears; to cry (less common than 流す).
その悲しい知らせに、思わず涙を送ってしまった。
literary"声援を送る (seien o okuru)"
To send cheers; to cheer someone on.
スタジアムから選手たちに声援を送った。
neutral"メッセージを送る (messēji o okuru)"
To send a message (often digital).
お祝いのメッセージを送ってください。
neutral/casualFácil de confundir
Similar pronunciation to おくる (okuru).
おくる means 'to send' or 'to see off'. 教わる means 'to be taught'.
先生に日本語を教わる (sensei ni nihongo o osowaru) - To be taught Japanese by a teacher. vs. 友達に手紙を送る (tomodachi ni tegami o okuru) - To send a letter to a friend.
Identical pronunciation, similar concept of 'giving'.
送る is general 'sending' (items, emails, seeing off). 贈る is specifically for gifts, congratulations, blessings, carrying a warmer nuance.
プレゼントを送る (purezento o okuru - general sending of a gift) vs プレゼントを贈る (purezento o okuru - giving a gift warmly).
Both relate to sending.
おくる is a general, everyday verb. 送致する is formal, used mainly for official documents, legal matters, or transmitting data.
書類を送る (shorui o okuru - send documents casually) vs 書類を送致する (shorui o sōchi suru - formally transmit documents).
Both involve getting something to someone.
おくる focuses on the sender's action of dispatching. 配達する focuses on the act of delivery to the recipient's location.
荷物を送る (nimotsu o okuru - send luggage) vs 荷物を配達する (nimotsu o haitatsu suru - deliver luggage).
Padrões de frases
Noun (Object) + を + おくる
手紙を おくる。
Noun (Recipient) + に + Noun (Object) + を + おくる
友達に プレゼントを おくる。
Location + まで + おくる
駅まで おくる。
Noun (Object) + を + おくる + ことにする
メールを送ることにしました。
Noun (Abstract) + を + おくる
感謝の気持ちを送る。
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Relacionado
Como usar
-
Using おくる for 'to deliver' when 配達する or 届ける is more appropriate.
→
荷物を配達する (nimotsu o haitatsu suru) or 荷物が届く (nimotsu ga todoku).
おくる focuses on the act of sending from the sender's perspective. 配達する and 届く focus on the arrival or delivery to the recipient.
-
Confusing おくる (send/see off) with 教わる (osowaru - to be taught).
→
先生に日本語を教わる (sensei ni nihongo o osowaru) - To be taught Japanese by a teacher.
The pronunciation is similar but the meanings and kanji are completely different. 教わる is a passive verb form.
-
Using the wrong kanji: 送る vs 贈る.
→
手紙を送る (tegami o okuru) vs プレゼントを贈る (purezento o okuru).
送る is general sending. 贈る is specifically for gifts, congratulations, or blessings, carrying a warmer nuance.
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Overusing おくる when 見送る is more specific for 'seeing someone off'.
→
友達を駅まで見送る (tomodachi o eki made miokuru).
While おくる can mean 'to see off', 見送る specifically emphasizes the act of watching someone depart and is often preferred in this context.
-
Using the plain imperative form おくれ (okure) in polite situations.
→
送ってください (okutte kudasai) or お送りください (ookuri kudasai).
The imperative form おくれ is very direct and can sound rude or commanding. Always use 〜てください or 〜ください for polite requests.
Dicas
Kanji Clues
Pay attention to the kanji! 送 often implies movement or dispatch, while 贈 specifically relates to gifts and blessings. This visual cue can help you remember the nuance.
Context is King
Always consider the context. Are you sending a physical item, an email, or seeing someone off? The situation will guide you to the most appropriate nuance of おくる or its related verbs.
The Art of Farewell
In Japan, seeing someone off (見送り) is often a significant gesture of politeness and care. Understanding this cultural context enhances your appreciation of the verb's usage.
Particle Power
Remember the particles! を marks the object being sent, and に marks the recipient. Location + まで + verb is common for seeing someone off to a place.
Soft Start
Don't overemphasize the first 'O' in おくる. Aim for a softer, unstressed 'uh' sound for a more natural pronunciation.
Gift Distinction
Remember the difference between 送る and 贈る. Use 贈る for gifts and congratulations to convey warmth and sincerity.
Ancient Roots
The concept of 'sending' or 'dispatching' is ancient, reflected in the evolution of the kanji 送 from symbols of movement and conveyance.
Role-Playing Practice
Practice scenarios! Imagine sending items to friends or family, or practice saying goodbye at a station. Role-playing helps solidify the verb's usage.
Build Your Set
Learn related words like 見送り (seeing off), 仕送り (remittance), and 送別会 (farewell party) to build a strong vocabulary network around おくる.
Formal vs. Casual
While おくる is versatile, remember that 送付する is more formal for documents, and 見送る specifically means 'to see off'. Choose wisely based on the situation!
Memorize
Mnemônico
Imagine an 'Ogre' (オグ) who likes to 'Roo' (ルー) around and send things, or see people off!
Associação visual
Picture yourself waving goodbye to a friend at a train station, holding a package you just sent them.
Word Web
Desafio
Try sending a short email or message to a friend in Japanese using おくる, or describe seeing someone off at the station.
Origem da palavra
Japanese
Significado original: The ancient Japanese verb 'oku' meant to dispatch, send away, or let go.
Contexto cultural
When seeing someone off, especially for a long journey or important event, showing genuine care and politeness is valued.
In English-speaking cultures, 'sending' can be very transactional (sending an email), while 'seeing someone off' implies a personal farewell, similar to the Japanese nuance.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
At the Post Office / Sending Mail
- 手紙を送りたいのですが。(Tegami o okuritai no desu ga.) - I'd like to send a letter.
- この荷物を送ってください。(Kono nimotsu o okutte kudasai.) - Please send this package.
- 速達でお願いします。(Sokutatsu de onegaishimasu.) - By express mail, please.
Saying Goodbye at a Station/Airport
- 駅まで送るよ。(Eki made okuru yo.) - I'll see you to the station.
- 気をつけてね。(Ki o tsukete ne.) - Take care.
- また連絡するね。(Mata renraku suru ne.) - I'll contact you again.
Sending Digital Messages
- メールを送ります。(Mēru o okurimasu.) - I will send an email.
- メッセージを送ってください。(Messēji o okutte kudasai.) - Please send a message.
- 添付ファイルを確認してください。(Tenpu fairu o kakunin shite kudasai.) - Please check the attached file.
Giving Gifts / Celebrations
- お誕生日おめでとうございます。プレゼントを贈ります。(Otanjōbi omedetō gozaimasu. Purezento o okurimasu.) - Happy birthday. I'll give you a present.
- 心ばかりの品ですが、お受け取りください。(Kokorobakari no shina desu ga, ouketori kudasai.) - It's just a small token, please accept it.
Iniciadores de conversa
"What's something interesting you've sent recently?"
"Who was the last person you saw off?"
"Do you prefer sending emails or physical letters?"
"What's the best gift you've ever received or sent?"
"How do you usually say goodbye to friends or family when they leave?"
Temas para diário
Describe a time you sent an important package or letter. What was it and why was it important?
Write about a memorable farewell you experienced. Who were you seeing off, or who saw you off?
Imagine you could send anything anywhere in the world. What would you send and where?
Reflect on the meaning of 'seeing someone off' in your culture. How is it done?
Perguntas frequentes
8 perguntasBoth can be pronounced 'okuru', but 贈る (with the 'gift' kanji) is specifically used for sending gifts, congratulations, or blessings, carrying a warmer, more personal nuance than the general 'send' meaning of 送る.
Yes, absolutely! メールを送る (mēru o okuru) is the standard way to say 'to send an email'.
Not necessarily. While 見送る is more specific, おくる is perfectly natural and common in casual conversation for seeing someone off. The context usually makes the meaning clear.
For delivering items like packages or mail, 配達する (haitatsu suru) or 届ける (todokeru) are often more appropriate than おくる, as they focus on the arrival or completion of delivery.
The past tense is おくった (okutta).
Yes, you can send messages (メッセージを送る - messēji o okuru) or even abstract concepts like 'words of encouragement' (励ましの言葉を送る - hagemashi no kotoba o okuru).
仕送り refers to the financial support (money or goods) that parents or guardians send to a child who is studying or living away from home.
Yes, depending on the context, you might use 送付する (sōfu suru) for formal documents, 派遣する (haken suru) for dispatching personnel, or 郵送する (yūsō suru) for sending via postal mail.
Teste-se
友達にプレゼントを ______。
You send a present to a friend.
Which sentence means 'I will see my mother off to the station'?
The phrase '駅まで送ります' specifically means to see someone off to the station.
The verb おくる can only mean 'to send' physical objects.
おくる also means 'to see someone off'.
Word
Significado
Matching common phrases with their meanings.
The correct order is 'I saw Mr. Tanaka off to the airport'.
感謝の気持ちを込めて、この花を ______。
When expressing feelings like gratitude with a gift, 贈る is often preferred.
Which phrase best conveys sending a formal document?
送付する is the most formal and appropriate term for sending official documents.
卒業生たちは、恩師からの ______ を胸に、新たな一歩を踏み出した。
Graduates stepped forward with words of encouragement from their teachers.
彼は、長年の功績を称えられ、関係者から多くの ______ が送られた。
'賛辞' (compliments/praise) is the appropriate word in this context of honoring achievements.
Explain the difference in nuance between おくる and 見送る when seeing someone off.
Understanding the specific focus of each verb.
Pontuação: /10
Summary
Master おくる to confidently express sending things and showing care by seeing people off!
- おくる is a versatile verb with two main meanings: 'to send' (items, messages) and 'to see someone off' (at a departure point).
- It's a Group 1 verb, following predictable conjugation patterns.
- Distinguish between 送る (general send) and 贈る (send gifts/blessings) based on kanji and context.
- Common collocations include sending letters, gifts, emails, and seeing people off to stations or airports.
Kanji Clues
Pay attention to the kanji! 送 often implies movement or dispatch, while 贈 specifically relates to gifts and blessings. This visual cue can help you remember the nuance.
Context is King
Always consider the context. Are you sending a physical item, an email, or seeing someone off? The situation will guide you to the most appropriate nuance of おくる or its related verbs.
The Art of Farewell
In Japan, seeing someone off (見送り) is often a significant gesture of politeness and care. Understanding this cultural context enhances your appreciation of the verb's usage.
Particle Power
Remember the particles! を marks the object being sent, and に marks the recipient. Location + まで + verb is common for seeing someone off to a place.
Conteúdo relacionado
Esta palavra em outros idiomas
Mais palavras de communication
について
A2about; concerning
宛先
B1The address or name of the recipient to whom mail or an email is sent.
番地
A2House number
賛同
B1Approval, endorsement; support or agreement with an idea.
~も
A2Too, also.
〜そして
A1And then; and (used to connect sentences or clauses).
〜や
A2And; and so forth (used to list examples, implying others exist).
たり
A2Indicates a non-exhaustive list of actions/states ('and so on').
お知らせ
B1Notice; an announcement or communication.
答え
A2A thing said, written, or done as a reaction to a question or statement.
