이랑/랑
When you want to connect two nouns in Korean, you can use the particle 이랑/랑. It means "and" or "with" and is very commonly used in everyday spoken Korean. If the preceding noun ends in a consonant, use 이랑. If it ends in a vowel, use 랑.
For example, if you want to say "bread and milk," you would say "빵이랑 우유." If you want to say "I'm going with my friend," you would say "친구랑 가요." It's a casual way to connect nouns, so it's best to use it in informal settings.
§ What does it mean and when do people use it?
Alright, let's break down another super common and useful Korean particle: 이랑/랑. You're going to hear and use this one a lot. In simple terms, it means 'and' or 'with'. It's pretty versatile, but there's a key thing to remember: it's generally used in spoken Korean, in casual settings, and often when you're talking about combining nouns or listing things together.
Think of it as your go-to informal way to connect items or indicate companionship. If you're chatting with friends, family, or people you're comfortable with, 이랑/랑 is your friend. If you're in a more formal situation, like a business meeting or writing an academic paper, you'll want to use a more formal equivalent like 와/과 (wa/gwa), but we'll get to that another time. For now, let's focus on mastering 이랑/랑.
The choice between 이랑 and 랑 depends on whether the preceding noun ends in a consonant (batchim) or a vowel. It's a simple rule, but crucial for sounding natural:
- If the noun ends in a consonant (has a batchim), you add 이랑.
- If the noun ends in a vowel (no batchim), you add 랑.
Let's look at some examples to make this crystal clear.
- Definition
- Used to connect two or more nouns, meaning 'and' or 'with'. It's common in casual spoken Korean.
When you're using 이랑/랑 to mean 'and', you're essentially listing items or people that are together. It's a simple way to combine elements in a sentence.
사과랑 바나나 주세요.
Hint: 사과 (apple), 바나나 (banana), 주세요 (please give).
책이랑 연필이 필요해요.
Hint: 책 (book), 연필 (pencil), 필요해요 (I need).
Now, when 이랑/랑 means 'with', you're indicating that someone or something is accompanying another. This is super useful for talking about doing activities together or who you're with.
친구랑 영화 볼 거예요.
Hint: 친구 (friend), 영화 (movie), 볼 거예요 (will watch).
엄마랑 시장에 갔어요.
Hint: 엄마 (mom), 시장 (market), 갔어요 (went).
Let's try another example, imagining you're ordering food.
김치찌개랑 밥 주세요.
Hint: 김치찌개 (kimchi stew), 밥 (rice), 주세요 (please give).
Here, 김치찌개 ends in a vowel (개), so we use 랑. Pretty simple, right? It's all about that last sound. Remember, consistent practice with these little particles will make your Korean sound much more natural. Pay attention to how native speakers use it in dramas, songs, or conversations. You'll pick it up quickly!
Guia de pronúncia
- confusing with '하고' or '와/과'
Nível de dificuldade
Short and straightforward particle.
Short and straightforward particle.
Commonly used in spoken Korean, easy to integrate.
Easy to distinguish in conversations.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Exemplos por nível
빵이랑 우유 주세요.
Bread and milk, please.
친구랑 영화 봤어요.
I watched a movie with a friend.
엄마랑 같이 시장에 가요.
I go to the market with my mom.
사과랑 오렌지 있어요?
Do you have apples and oranges?
동생이랑 놀아요.
I play with my younger sibling.
밥이랑 김치 먹어요.
I eat rice and kimchi.
선생님이랑 이야기했어요.
I talked with the teacher.
수박이랑 참외는 과일이에요.
Watermelon and melon are fruits.
저는 친구랑 영화를 볼 거예요.
I am going to watch a movie with my friend.
사과랑 오렌지 주세요.
Please give me an apple and an orange.
저는 엄마랑 시장에 갔어요.
I went to the market with my mom.
밥이랑 국 같이 먹을까요?
Shall we eat rice and soup together?
동생이랑 같이 게임했어요.
I played a game with my younger sibling.
책이랑 연필을 준비해 주세요.
Please prepare a book and a pencil.
커피랑 케이크 주문할게요.
I'll order coffee and cake.
선생님이랑 이야기하고 싶어요.
I want to talk with the teacher.
Padrões gramaticais
Padrões de frases
[Noun]이랑/랑 [Noun] 주세요.
커피랑 빵 주세요. (Please give me coffee and bread.)
[Person]이랑/랑 [Action Verb].
친구랑 공부했어요. (I studied with a friend.)
[Noun A]이랑/랑 [Noun B] [verb/adjective].
책이랑 연필이 있어요. (I have a book and a pencil.)
[Place]에서 [Person]이랑/랑 [Action Verb].
카페에서 동생이랑 얘기했어요. (I talked with my younger sibling at the cafe.)
[Noun A]이랑/랑 [Noun B]이/가 좋아요.
밥이랑 김치가 좋아요. (I like rice and kimchi.)
누구랑 갔어요?
누구랑 갔어요? (Who did you go with?)
뭐랑 먹었어요?
뭐랑 먹었어요? (What did you eat it with?)
[Noun]이랑/랑 같이 [Verb].
언니랑 같이 운동했어요. (I exercised with my older sister.)
Dicas
Basic Usage of 이랑/랑
The particle 이랑/랑 connects nouns, meaning 'and' or 'with'. It's used in everyday, casual conversations. Use 랑 after a vowel-ending word, and 이랑 after a consonant-ending word.
Connecting Nouns as 'And'
When connecting two nouns, 이랑/랑 means 'and'. For example, 빵이랑 우유 (bbang-irang uyu) means 'bread and milk'. 사과랑 배 (sagwa-rang bae) means 'apple and pear'.
Connecting Nouns as 'With'
It can also mean 'with' when referring to accompanying someone or something. For instance, 친구랑 영화 봐요 (chin-gu-rang yeong-hwa bwayo) means 'I watch a movie with a friend'.
Colloquial Use Only
이랑/랑 is colloquial. Avoid using it in formal settings, writing, or speeches. For formal situations, use 과/와.
Sentence Examples for 'And'
Try these: 저는 커피랑 케이크를 좋아해요. (Jeoneun keopi-rang keikeu-reul joahaeyo.) - I like coffee and cake. 책이랑 연필이 있어요. (Chaegirang yeonpili isseoyo.) - I have a book and a pencil.
Sentence Examples for 'With'
Practice with these: 엄마랑 시장에 가요. (Eomma-rang sijange gayo.) - I go to the market with mom. 누구랑 밥 먹었어요? (Nugu-rang bap meogeosseoyo?) - Who did you eat with?
Vowel vs. Consonant Rule
Remember the rule: 이랑 if the noun ends in a consonant (e.g., 밥이랑 - bap-irang, rice and). 랑 if the noun ends in a vowel (e.g., 사과랑 - sagwa-rang, apple and).
Everyday Korean Conversations
You'll hear 이랑/랑 all the time in everyday Korean. Mastering it will make your conversations sound much more natural and fluent.
Comparison with 하고
Another colloquial particle for 'and/with' is 하고 (hago). While similar, 하고 can also connect verbs. 이랑/랑 is strictly for nouns.
Practice Speaking
The best way to get comfortable with 이랑/랑 is to use it often in your spoken Korean. Try forming simple sentences about your daily activities.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Think of 'rang' like a 'ring' connecting two things. You 'ring' two things together to say 'and' or 'with'. '이' is added if the word needs a 'ring' to sound smooth, like 'earing' for your ear.
Associação visual
Imagine two distinct objects, like a banana and an apple. Visualize a tiny, flexible string or 'rang' connecting them together, making them a pair. When you see a consonant-ending word, picture a small 'i' shape appearing before the string to help it connect smoothly.
Word Web
Desafio
Look around your room. Name two items using 이랑/랑. For example, '책상이랑 의자' (desk and chair). Then, think of something you do 'with' someone, like '엄마랑 요리했어요' (I cooked with mom).
Teste-se 72 perguntas
What did I do with my friend?
What fruits am I asking for?
Who did I eat with?
Read this aloud:
저는 동생이랑 게임을 할 거예요.
Focus: 동생이랑 (dong-saeng-i-rang)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
커피랑 빵 주세요.
Focus: 커피랑 (keo-pi-rang)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
선생님이랑 이야기하고 싶어요.
Focus: 선생님이랑 (seon-saeng-nim-i-rang)
Você disse:
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'이랑/랑' connects nouns. If the preceding noun ends with a consonant, use '이랑'. If it ends with a vowel, use '랑'. '사과' ends with a vowel, so '랑' is used. (Please buy apples and watermelons.)
'친구' ends with a vowel, so '랑' is used. (I studied with my friend.)
'빵' ends with a consonant, so '이랑' is used. (I eat bread and milk.)
저는 보통 주말에 친구___ 시간을 보내요.
‘이랑’은 친구와 함께 시간을 보낸다는 의미를 나타내는 조사입니다.
저는 커피___ 빵을 아침으로 먹었어요.
‘랑’은 커피와 빵을 함께 먹었다는 의미를 나타내는 조사입니다.
엄마___ 시장에 가서 장을 봤어요.
‘랑’은 엄마와 함께 시장에 갔다는 의미를 나타내는 조사입니다.
저는 동생___ 영화를 보러 갈 거예요.
‘이랑’은 동생과 함께 영화를 보러 갈 것이라는 의미를 나타내는 조사입니다.
저는 과일___ 채소를 좋아해요.
‘이랑’은 과일과 채소를 모두 좋아한다는 의미를 나타내는 조사입니다.
저는 학교에서 친구___ 숙제를 했어요.
‘랑’은 친구와 함께 숙제를 했다는 의미를 나타내는 조사입니다.
Choose the most natural sentence using 이랑/랑.
랑 is used after a noun ending in a vowel, while 이랑 is used after a noun ending in a consonant. 친구 ends with a vowel (ㅜ), so 랑 is appropriate.
Which sentence correctly uses 이랑/랑 to connect two nouns?
사과 ends with a vowel (ㅏ), so 랑 is correct. 배 also ends with a vowel (ㅐ), so 랑 would be used if it was the first item. When connecting two items, the particle is typically attached only to the first item, or to both for emphasis.
Select the sentence where 이랑/랑 is used correctly in a 'with' context.
엄마 ends with a vowel (ㅏ), so 랑 is correct. '같이' is often used with 이랑/랑 to emphasize 'together with'. While '엄마랑 시장에 갔어요' is also grammatically correct and common, the option with '같이' provides a more complete and natural expression for 'with mom'.
You can always replace '하고' with '이랑/랑' in any sentence without changing the nuance.
'이랑/랑' is generally more colloquial than '하고'. While they often mean similar things ('and', 'with'), '하고' can sometimes be used in slightly more formal contexts or when listing items in a more neutral way. '이랑/랑' tends to imply a closer, more casual connection.
In the sentence '저는 친구랑 커피를 마셨어요.', '친구랑' means 'with a friend'.
Yes, in this sentence, '친구랑' (친구 + 랑) clearly indicates the action of drinking coffee was done 'with a friend'.
If a noun ends with a consonant, you should use '랑' to mean 'and' or 'with'.
No, if a noun ends with a consonant, you should use '이랑'. For example, '책이랑 연필' (book and pencil). '랑' is used when the preceding noun ends with a vowel.
What did I do yesterday with my friend?
What two items are being requested?
What two fruits are being compared?
Read this aloud:
저는 엄마랑 장을 보러 갈 거예요.
Focus: 엄마랑
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
점심으로 김치찌개랑 밥을 먹었어요.
Focus: 김치찌개랑 밥
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
주말에 남자친구랑 데이트할 거예요.
Focus: 남자친구랑
Você disse:
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Imagine you're planning a small picnic. List three things you want to bring, using '이랑/랑' to connect them. For example: 사과랑 바나나랑 물.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
샌드위치랑 김밥이랑 주스를 가져갈 거예요. (I'm going to bring sandwiches, gimbap, and juice.)
You're telling a friend about your favorite weekend activities. Describe two activities you often do together, using '이랑/랑' to say 'with' your friend. For example: 친구랑 영화를 봐요.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
주말에 친구랑 공원에서 산책하고 친구랑 저녁을 먹어요. (On the weekend, I walk in the park with my friend and eat dinner with my friend.)
You're making a shopping list for a recipe. List two ingredients you need, connecting them with '이랑/랑'. For example: 양파랑 마늘.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
고기랑 채소를 사야 해요. (I need to buy meat and vegetables.)
무엇을 샀습니까? (What did they buy?)
Read this passage:
저는 어제 친구랑 같이 쇼핑했어요. 우리는 옷이랑 신발을 샀어요. 그리고 나서 맛있는 점심을 먹었어요.
무엇을 샀습니까? (What did they buy?)
The passage states "우리는 옷이랑 신발을 샀어요." which means "We bought clothes and shoes."
The passage states "우리는 옷이랑 신발을 샀어요." which means "We bought clothes and shoes."
화자는 아침에 보통 무엇을 먹습니까? (What does the speaker usually eat for breakfast?)
Read this passage:
저는 아침에 커피랑 빵을 먹어요. 때때로 과일이랑 요구르트도 먹어요. 건강하게 먹으려고 노력해요.
화자는 아침에 보통 무엇을 먹습니까? (What does the speaker usually eat for breakfast?)
The passage starts with "저는 아침에 커피랑 빵을 먹어요." (I eat coffee and bread in the morning).
The passage starts with "저는 아침에 커피랑 빵을 먹어요." (I eat coffee and bread in the morning).
화자는 동생이랑 공원에서 주로 무엇을 합니까? (What do the speaker and their sibling mainly do at the park?)
Read this passage:
제 동생이랑 저는 매일 공원에서 운동해요. 우리는 달리기랑 스트레칭을 해요. 가끔은 자전거도 타요.
화자는 동생이랑 공원에서 주로 무엇을 합니까? (What do the speaker and their sibling mainly do at the park?)
The passage says "우리는 달리기랑 스트레칭을 해요." (We run and stretch).
The passage says "우리는 달리기랑 스트레칭을 해요." (We run and stretch).
This sentence means 'I watched a movie with my friend.' The particles '이랑/랑' are used colloquially to mean 'with' or 'and'. In this context, '친구랑' indicates 'with a friend'.
This sentence means 'Last night, I ate rice and soup.' Here, '밥이랑 국을' uses '이랑' to connect 'rice' and 'soup' as items that were eaten together.
This sentence means 'On the weekend, I enjoy books and music.' '책이랑 음악을' uses '이랑' to list 'books' and 'music' as things enjoyed.
다음 문장 중 '이랑/랑'의 사용이 어색한 것을 고르세요.
'이랑/랑'은 일반적으로 사물이나 사람을 연결할 때 사용되며, 장소를 연결할 때는 잘 쓰이지 않습니다.
빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것은 무엇입니까? '저는 동생____ 공원에 갔어요.'
'~이랑'은 '~와/과 함께'라는 의미로 사용될 수 있습니다.
다음 중 '이랑/랑'이 'and'의 의미로 사용된 문장은 무엇입니까?
'커피랑 빵'은 '커피 그리고 빵'이라는 의미로, 두 사물을 나열하고 있습니다.
'이랑/랑'은 격식적인 상황에서 '과/와' 대신 사용할 수 있다.
'이랑/랑'은 비격식적이고 구어적인 표현이므로, 격식적인 상황에서는 '과/와'를 사용하는 것이 더 적절합니다.
'이랑'은 앞에 오는 명사에 받침이 없을 때 사용하고, '랑'은 받침이 있을 때 사용한다.
'이랑'은 앞에 오는 명사에 받침이 있을 때 사용하고, '랑'은 받침이 없을 때 사용합니다.
'저는 친구랑 같이 영화를 봤어요.'와 '저는 친구하고 영화를 봤어요.'는 같은 의미이다.
'이랑/랑'과 '하고'는 'with' 또는 'and'의 의미로 서로 바꿔 사용할 수 있는 경우가 많습니다.
What did they do for dinner?
What fruits do they like?
Who is going to the market?
Read this aloud:
저는 커피랑 빵을 먹었어요.
Focus: 커피랑, 빵을
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
친구랑 영화 보러 갈래요?
Focus: 친구랑, 보러
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
이거랑 저거랑 차이가 뭐예요?
Focus: 이거랑, 저거랑, 차이가
Você disse:
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그는 나___ 함께 그 계획을 짰다. (He devised the plan with me.)
In colloquial settings, '랑' is frequently used after pronouns like '나' (I/me) to mean 'with'. '과' and '와' are more formal, and '하고' can also be used but '랑' is more natural here for a C2 context.
이번 프로젝트는 창의성___ 혁신적인 사고가 필요하다. (This project requires creativity and innovative thinking.)
'랑' can connect two nouns even in complex, abstract contexts, emphasizing a natural flow in C2-level spoken or informal written Korean. While '과'/'와' are also correct, '랑' fits a more dynamic, less formal tone often present in high-level discussions.
우리는 지난 밤늦게까지 정치___ 경제에 대해 열띤 토론을 벌였다. (We had a heated discussion about politics and economy late last night.)
'랑' is used to link the two topics of discussion in a way that suggests they were treated as interconnected elements, reflecting a natural and high-level conversational style. '과' would also be correct but '랑' adds a nuance of fluidity.
그 회사의 성공은 전략적인 비전___ 탁월한 실행력이 결합된 결과다. (The company's success is the result of a combination of strategic vision and excellent execution.)
'랑' effectively joins two abstract nouns, '비전' (vision) and '실행력' (execution ability), as contributing factors to success. This usage is common in sophisticated discourse to express a holistic combination. '과' is also possible, but '랑' keeps the tone slightly less formal.
이 논문은 이론적 고찰___ 실증적 분석을 병행하여 연구의 깊이를 더했다. (This paper enhanced the depth of the research by combining theoretical considerations and empirical analysis.)
Here, '랑' serves to connect two distinct research methodologies, '이론적 고찰' (theoretical considerations) and '실증적 분석' (empirical analysis), indicating their parallel application. This demonstrates a sophisticated use of '랑' in academic or professional contexts at C2 level.
그는 예술___ 과학의 접점에서 새로운 형태의 융합 기술을 탐구하고 있다. (He is exploring a new form of convergence technology at the intersection of art and science.)
At the C2 level, '랑' is used to concisely link complex concepts like '예술' (art) and '과학' (science) when discussing their intersection or combination. It maintains a natural, yet precise, connection between the two fields without adding unnecessary formality.
다음 중 '나는 동생이랑 축구를 했다.' 문장의 의미와 가장 유사한 것은 무엇인가요?
'이랑'은 주로 '함께'의 의미를 내포하며, 같이 어떤 행동을 했음을 나타냅니다.
빈칸에 들어갈 가장 적절한 조사를 고르세요. '어제 밤에 친구___ 술을 마셨어요.'
'친구랑'은 '친구와 함께' 술을 마셨다는 의미로, '~와/과' 대신 구어체에서 자주 쓰이는 표현입니다.
다음 문장 중 '이랑/랑'의 사용이 어색한 것은 무엇인가요?
'이랑/랑'은 명사 뒤에 붙어 '명사와 명사'를 연결하거나 '누구와 함께'라는 의미로 사용됩니다. '밥이랑 먹고 싶어요'는 어법상 어색하며, '밥을 먹고 싶어요' 또는 '다른 음식과 밥을 먹고 싶어요'와 같이 사용해야 합니다.
'동생이랑 공원에서 산책했다.'에서 '이랑'은 'and'의 의미로 사용되었다.
이 문장에서 '이랑'은 '동생과 함께'라는 'with'의 의미로 사용되었습니다. 'and'의 의미로 사용될 때는 주로 두 가지 이상의 사물을 나열할 때 쓰입니다.
'이랑'과 '랑'은 받침 유무에 관계없이 서로 바꿔 사용할 수 있다.
'이랑'은 앞 단어에 받침이 있을 때, '랑'은 앞 단어에 받침이 없을 때 사용됩니다. (예: 책상이랑, 친구랑)
'커피랑 빵 주세요.'에서 '랑'은 두 가지 이상의 물건을 요청할 때 사용될 수 있다.
이 문장에서 '랑'은 '커피 그리고 빵'의 의미로, 여러 물건을 나열할 때 사용되는 'and'의 의미를 가집니다.
She likes walking with her dog.
I'm going to watch a movie with my friends.
I ate a meal with mom and dad.
Read this aloud:
주말에 뭐 할 거예요? 친구랑 같이 공원에 갈 거예요.
Focus: 친구랑 같이
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
어떤 음식을 좋아해요? 저는 비빔밥이랑 불고기를 좋아해요.
Focus: 비빔밥이랑 불고기
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Read this aloud:
여행 계획은 어떻게 돼요? 동생이랑 제주도에 갈 거예요.
Focus: 동생이랑 제주도
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Basic Usage of 이랑/랑
The particle 이랑/랑 connects nouns, meaning 'and' or 'with'. It's used in everyday, casual conversations. Use 랑 after a vowel-ending word, and 이랑 after a consonant-ending word.
Connecting Nouns as 'And'
When connecting two nouns, 이랑/랑 means 'and'. For example, 빵이랑 우유 (bbang-irang uyu) means 'bread and milk'. 사과랑 배 (sagwa-rang bae) means 'apple and pear'.
Connecting Nouns as 'With'
It can also mean 'with' when referring to accompanying someone or something. For instance, 친구랑 영화 봐요 (chin-gu-rang yeong-hwa bwayo) means 'I watch a movie with a friend'.
Colloquial Use Only
이랑/랑 is colloquial. Avoid using it in formal settings, writing, or speeches. For formal situations, use 과/와.
Exemplo
나랑 제니랑 같이 영화 보러 갔어요.
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Mais palavras de general
몇몇
A2An unspecified small number of; some or a few.
조금
A1A little/a bit
적게
A1A little / Few
약간
A2A little; slightly; somewhat.
많이
A1A lot/much
잠시
A2For a moment; briefly.
잠깐
A2For a short time; a moment.
아까
A2A little while ago, earlier.
대해
A2About, concerning.
~에 대해서
A2Concerning or regarding a particular subject; about.
