B2 verb Neutro 1 min de leitura

运转

yunzhuan /yn.tʂwæn/
Practice it

运转 describes the active, continuous functioning of a mechanism, system, or process.

Palavra em 30 segundos

  • Describes the continuous functioning of machines or systems.
  • Implies an active process of working or operating.
  • Applicable to physical mechanisms and abstract entities.

Overview

“运转”是一个动词，核心含义是指机器、设备、系统、机构乃至抽象的概念（如经济、社会）处于正常的工作状态，进行持续的、有规律的活动。它强调的是一个过程，即事物在发挥其功能时的动态表现。例如，一台发动机在工作时，我们说它在“运转”；一个经济体系在正常运行发展时，我们也可以说经济在“运转”。这个词通常带有“持续进行”和“发挥功能”的意味，是描述事物动态功能状态的常用词汇。

“运转”常用于以下句式：

* **运转 + 方式/目的**: 描述运转的方式或目的，例如“按计划运转”、“为实现目标而运转”。

“运转”在日常生活中和专业领域都有广泛应用：

  • 机械设备: 用于描述各种机器、车辆、电器等物理设备的运行状态，如“汽车发动机运转平稳”、“电脑风扇正在运转”。
  • 系统与程序: 指计算机系统、软件程序、操作系统等的信息处理和功能执行，如“服务器系统运转缓慢”、“程序开始运转”。
  • 经济与社会: 描述宏观层面的经济活动、社会机制、政府机构等的运作情况，如“国家经济运转良好”、“社会保障体系运转顺畅”。

* **人体器官/思维**: 偶尔也用于比喻人体的某些功能或思维活动，如“大脑高速运转，思考问题”。

  • 运行 (yùnxíng): 与“运转”非常接近，很多情况下可以互换。但“运行”更侧重于事物按照既定轨道或程序持续移动、活动。它既可以指具体的物理运动（如火车运行），也可以指抽象的系统运作（如程序运行）。“运转”则更强调内部机制的运作和功能的发挥，常带有“转动”的物理意象。可以说，“运转”是“运行”的一种具体表现形式，特别是在涉及机械或内部协调工作时。
  • 运作 (yùnzuò): 也与“运转”高度相似，尤其在描述组织、机构、项目等的工作时，两者常可通用。“运作”有时更侧重于管理、组织和实施的层面，强调一个整体过程的协调和推进。而“运转”则更偏向于内部机制或系统的功能性活动。例如，可以说“公司运作良好”（指管理和经营），也可以说“公司各个部门运转良好”（指具体部门的功能发挥）。
  • 操作 (cāozuò): 指按照一定程序或方法进行具体的人工活动，以使机器或系统工作。它强调的是“人”的主动行为和控制。而“运转”是机器或系统在“操作”之后或自身启动后所呈现的“工作状态”。一个是动作，一个是状态。例如，先“操作”机器，然后机器开始“运转”。

Exemplos

1

这台新机器运转起来非常平稳，几乎听不到声音。

everyday

This new machine operates very smoothly, almost silently.

2

确保国家经济的健康运转是政府的重要职责。

formal

Ensuring the healthy operation of the national economy is an important responsibility of the government.

3

哎呀，我的电脑最近老是卡顿，感觉运转不太灵光了。

informal

Oh no, my computer has been lagging lately, it feels like it's not operating very smoothly.

4

细胞内的各种生物分子协同运转，维持着生命的各项活动。

academic

Various biomolecules within the cell operate synergistically to maintain all life activities.

Colocações comuns

机器运转 machine operation
经济运转 economic operation
系统运转 system operation

Frases Comuns

正常运转

normal operation

高速运转

high-speed operation

维持运转

maintain operation

Frequentemente confundido com

运转 vs 运行 (yùnxíng)

While often interchangeable, "运行" tends to be broader, emphasizing continuous movement or operation along a set path (e.g., a train running, a program executing). "运转" focuses more on the internal mechanism's active functioning and turning, often implying a more mechanical or systemic process.

运转 vs 运作 (yùnzuò)

“运作” is very similar and often interchangeable with “运转” for organizations or projects. However, “运作” can sometimes lean more towards the overall management, organization, and execution of a process, whereas “运转” is more about the functional activity of the components or system itself.

Padrões gramaticais

主语 + 正在 + 运转 (e.g., 机器正在运转) 使 + 宾语 + 运转 (e.g., 使系统正常运转) 运转 + 补语 (e.g., 运转良好/不畅)

How to Use It

Notas de uso

“运转” is generally a neutral to slightly formal verb. It is widely applicable across various contexts, from describing the physical operation of machinery to the abstract functioning of economic or social systems. It maintains a consistent meaning of "to be in operation" or "to function."

Erros comuns

A common mistake is confusing "运转" with "操作" (cāozuò). "操作" refers to the act of manually controlling or manipulating something, while "运转" is the state of that thing working. Another error is using it for simple, non-systemic human actions or emotions, where words like "工作" (gōngzuò) or "活动" (huódòng) would be more appropriate.

Tips

💡

Focus on Active Functioning Process

Remember "运转" emphasizes the dynamic and continuous process of something working, rather than just its static state or a single action. Think of it as "being in operation."

⚠️

Avoid for Simple Human Actions

Do not use "运转" for simple human actions like "I'm working" (我正在工作) or for emotional states. It's primarily for machines, systems, or complex organizational processes.

🌍

Implies Efficiency in Systems

In Chinese culture, "运转良好" (operating well) often implies a desirable state of efficiency and harmony within systems, whether mechanical, economic, or social, reflecting a value placed on smooth functioning.

Origem da palavra

The word "运转" is composed of two characters: "运" (yùn), meaning to move, transport, or operate, and "转" (zhuǎn), meaning to turn, rotate, or revolve. Together, they vividly describe the dynamic process of something moving and turning to perform its function, thereby signifying operation or functioning.

Contexto cultural

In Chinese, the concept of "运转" often carries an implication of efficiency, order, and smooth functioning, especially when applied to larger systems like the economy or society. A "well-operating" (运转良好) system is highly valued, reflecting a cultural preference for harmony and stability in collective processes.

Dica de memorização

Think of "运转" as "Yun-zhuan," which sounds a bit like "run-turn." Machines *run* and *turn* to operate, continuously functioning as intended.

Perguntas frequentes

4 perguntas

“运转”和“运行”在很多语境下可以互换，但细微差别在于：“运转”更侧重于内部机制的活动和功能的发挥，常带有“转动”的物理意象。而“运行”则更侧重于事物按照既定轨道或程序持续移动、活动，可以指更广泛的、抽象的持续性活动。

“运转”通常不直接形容单个人，但可以形容人的某个器官（如“大脑高速运转”）或一个团队、组织的整体工作状态（如“团队运转良好”），此时是比喻用法，将其视为一个系统或机构。

常见的搭配有：机器运转、设备运转、系统运转、经济运转、公司运转、大脑运转、工厂运转、正常运转、高速运转、维持运转等。

当机器、系统、机构或经济等事物工作顺利、效率高、没有故障或阻碍时，就可以用“运转良好”来形容。它表示一切都按预期顺利进行。

Teste-se

fill blank

这台老旧的机器已经不能正常___了。

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa: 运转

“运转”指机器处于工作状态，发挥功能。“操作”是人的行为，“运行”侧重持续移动，“活动”范围更广，不特指机器工作。此处最符合机器功能状态的是“运转”。

multiple choice

公司的财务系统正在**运转**，请勿随意更改数据。

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa: 工作

“运转”在这里指系统处于工作状态，正在发挥其功能。“工作”是其最直接的近义词。“管理”是行为，“操作”是人为活动，“启动”是开始，不完全等同于持续的工作状态。

sentence building

使用“高速运转”造一个句子。

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa: 我的大脑高速运转，想出了一个好主意。

“高速运转”常用来形容机器、系统或大脑等以高效率、快节奏工作。选项A符合这种比喻用法。其他选项的“高速运转”搭配不当，应为“高速奔跑”、“高速行驶”或“高效完成任务”。

Pontuação: /3

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