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A1 adjective #2,500 最常用 6分钟阅读

داكن

daakin
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'dākin' means 'dark' when talking about colors. You will use it to describe your clothes, like a 'dark blue shirt' (qamīṣ azraq dākin). It is a simple descriptive word that helps you be more specific than just saying 'black' or 'blue'. Remember it always comes after the color or the noun.
At the A2 level, you start using 'dākin' for more than just clothes. You can use it to describe food, like 'dark chocolate' (shūkulātah dākinah) or 'dark bread'. You should also be comfortable making the word feminine (dākinah) to match feminine nouns. You might hear it in simple weather descriptions, like 'dark clouds' (ghuyūm dākinah).
At the B1 level, you should distinguish between 'dākin' (dark shade) and 'muẓlim' (dark/no light). You can use 'dākin' in more professional contexts, such as describing interior design or professional attire. You will also start to see it in short stories to set a mood or describe a character's features, like 'dark skin' (basharah dākinah) or 'dark eyes'.
At the B2 level, you can use 'dākin' to describe nuances in art, nature, and literature. You understand that it conveys a sense of depth and intensity. You might use it to describe the 'dark depths' of a forest or the sea. You are also aware of its synonyms like 'ghāmiq' (dialectal) and 'qātim' (gloomy) and can choose the right word for the context.
At the C1 level, you use 'dākin' with precision in academic or literary writing. You might use it metaphorically to describe complex emotions or historical periods, though 'muẓlim' is more common for 'dark times'. You understand the etymological roots and how the word functions in classical poetry to describe the richness of colors.
At the C2 level, 'dākin' is part of a sophisticated palette of descriptive terms. You can discuss the subtle differences between 'dākin', 'qātim', 'hālik', and 'aswad' in a critique of a painting or a literary work. You use the word effortlessly in complex grammatical structures and appreciate its rhythmic value in elevated prose.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

داكن 30秒了解

  • Used for deep shades of colors (e.g., dark blue).
  • Different from 'muẓlim' (which means lack of light).
  • Common in fashion, food (chocolate), and nature.
  • The primary antonym is 'fātih' (light/pale).

The word داكن (dākin) is a primary adjective in the Arabic language used to describe the intensity and depth of colors. At its core, it refers to a shade that is saturated, deep, and lacks brightness or light. Unlike the word 'dark' in English, which can sometimes mean the total absence of light (like a dark room), داكن is almost exclusively reserved for the quality of a color itself. For example, when you look at a deep navy blue or a rich forest green, you are looking at a لون داكن (dark color).

Visual Spectrum
It occupies the lower end of the value scale in color theory, representing hues that have been mixed with black or are naturally deep.
Semantic Range
While primarily physical, it can occasionally touch upon atmospheric descriptions, though 'muzlim' (dark/pitch black) is preferred for environments.
Grammatical Function
As an active participle (Ism Fa'il) from the root D-K-N, it functions as a descriptive adjective that follows the noun it modifies in gender and number.

"أحب ارتداء الملابس ذات اللون الأزرق الداكن في فصل الشتاء." (I love wearing dark blue clothes in the winter.)

Understanding the nuance of داكن requires distinguishing it from its antonym فاتح (fātih), which means light or pale. In the world of Arabic aesthetics, dark colors are often associated with formality, elegance, and seriousness. In traditional poetry, dark eyes or dark hair are frequently praised using this term or its synonyms to denote beauty and depth. The root د-ك-ن carries the essence of something being 'thick' or 'dense' in its coloration, which is why it feels more substantial than a simple 'black'.

"كانت السماء داكنة قبل هطول المطر الغزير." (The sky was dark before the heavy rain fell.)

"يتميز الخشب الداكن بفخامة لا تضاهى في التصميم الداخلي." (Dark wood is characterized by unparalleled luxury in interior design.)

Common Pairings
Usually paired with colors like blue (أزرق), green (أخضر), and red (أحمر) to specify the shade.
Intensity
It suggests a level of saturation that absorbs light rather than reflecting it.

"يفضل الرسام استخدام ألوان داكنة لإظهار الظلال." (The painter prefers using dark colors to show shadows.)

"هذا النوع من العسل له طعم قوي ولون داكن." (This type of honey has a strong taste and a dark color.)

Using داكن correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective (Sifa). In Arabic grammar, the adjective must match the noun it describes in four aspects: gender, number, definiteness, and case. Because داكن is a standard triliteral adjective, it follows the regular patterns of declension. When you are describing a masculine noun like قميص (shirt), you use داكن. If the noun is feminine, like سيارة (car), you must add the Tā’ Marbūṭa to make it داكنة.

  • Gender Agreement: قميص داكن (Masculine) vs. سترة داكنة (Feminine).
  • Definiteness: اللون الداكن (The dark color) vs. لون داكن (A dark color).
  • Position: It always comes after the noun it describes.

In practical daily usage, you will find داكن most frequently in the context of shopping and fashion. If you are at a market and want a darker shade of a fabric, you would say أريد لوناً أغمق (I want a darker color), but to describe what you are currently holding, you say هذا اللون داكن جداً (This color is very dark). It is also used in food descriptions, particularly for chocolate (شوكولاتة داكنة) and bread (خبز داكن/أسمر).

Example: اشتريتُ حقيبةً جلديةً ذاتَ لونٍ بنيٍّ داكنٍ.
(I bought a leather bag of a dark brown color.)

Another important usage is in the description of physical features. While 'black' (aswad) is common for hair and eyes, داكن is used to imply a certain richness or 'darkness' that isn't necessarily pure black. For instance, بشرة داكنة refers to dark or tanned skin. It conveys a sense of depth that 'aswad' might not capture in a natural context.

You will encounter داكن in various settings, ranging from the mundane to the professional. One of the most common places is in retail and fashion. Sales assistants in high-end boutiques or local souks will use it to describe the palette of a new collection. You'll hear phrases like "هذه المجموعة تعتمد على الألوان الداكنة" (This collection relies on dark colors). It suggests a sense of 'shiyāka' (chicness) and 'waqār' (dignity).

In culinary contexts, specifically in modern cafes and specialty grocery stores, داكن is the standard term for dark roast coffee or dark chocolate. If you are looking for healthy options, you might hear about الخبز الداكن (dark bread/whole wheat bread), which is perceived as more nutritious than white bread. The word carries a connotation of being 'natural' or 'unrefined' in these instances.

Furthermore, weather forecasts and news reports use the word to describe the sky or the sea. A meteorologist might say, "تلبدت السماء بغيوم داكنة" (The sky was overcast with dark clouds), signaling an impending storm. In literature and media, it can be used metaphorically to describe a 'dark period' in history or a 'dark mood' in a film, though this is slightly more advanced usage. If you are watching a documentary about nature, the narrator might describe the أعماق داكنة (dark depths) of the ocean.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing داكن with مظلم (muẓlim). While both can be translated as 'dark' in English, they are not interchangeable in Arabic. مظلم refers to the absence of light—a room with the lights off is غرفة مظلمة. On the other hand, داكن refers to the pigmentation or shade of an object. You cannot have a 'dākin' room unless you are talking about the color of the paint on the walls.

  • Wrong: الليل داكن جداً (The night is dark - referring to light).
  • Right: الليل مظلم جداً (The night is dark/pitch black).
  • Right: لون الليل أزرق داكن (The color of the night is dark blue).

Another mistake is the placement of the adjective. Beginners often try to put the adjective before the noun, influenced by English word order. Remember: لون داكن (color dark), not داكن لون. Additionally, ensure you match the gender. Since many colors in Arabic are masculine by default (like 'azraq'), but the word 'color' (lawn) is also masculine, داكن remains masculine. However, if you describe 'bags' (haqā'ib - plural non-human, treated as feminine singular), you must use داكنة.

To enrich your vocabulary, it is helpful to look at words that share the semantic space of داكن. The most direct synonym is غامق (ghāmiq). In many dialects (like Levantine or Egyptian), غامق is actually more common than داكن in everyday speech. While داكن feels slightly more formal or 'Fusha', غامق is the go-to word for 'dark' in a casual conversation about clothes or paint.

Another related word is قاتم (qātim). This word usually implies a darkness that is dull or gloomy. While داكن can be beautiful and rich, قاتم often has a negative or somber connotation. You might describe a 'qātim' future or a 'qātim' gray sky that feels depressing. Then there is خافت (khāfit), which means 'dim' or 'faint', usually referring to light or sound rather than color.

On the opposite side, we have فاتح (fātih), meaning light or pale. This is the primary antonym. If you want to describe something even darker than داكن, you might use شديد السواد (intensely black) or حالك (hālik), which is specifically used for the darkness of the night (as in 'aswad hālik' - pitch black).

How Formal Is It?

正式

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非正式

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难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

هذا القميص أزرق داكن.

This shirt is dark blue.

Adjective follows the noun/color.

2

أحب اللون الأخضر الداكن.

I like the dark green color.

Definite article 'al-' used for both.

3

عندي حقيبة داكنة.

I have a dark bag.

Feminine form 'dākinah'.

4

الباب لونه بني داكن.

The door's color is dark brown.

Describing the color specifically.

5

هل هذا الفستان داكن؟

Is this dress dark?

Question format.

6

أريد قلماً داكناً.

I want a dark pen.

Accusative case (tanwin fath).

7

هذا حذاء أسود داكن.

This is a dark black shoe.

Redundant but common for emphasis.

8

السماء ليست داكنة اليوم.

The sky is not dark today.

Negation with 'laysat'.

1

الشوكولاتة الداكنة مفيدة للصحة.

Dark chocolate is good for health.

Subject-adjective agreement.

2

لبست معطفاً داكناً في البرد.

I wore a dark coat in the cold.

Past tense verb usage.

3

الخبز الداكن لذيذ جداً.

Dark bread is very delicious.

Adjective modifying 'bread'.

4

رأيت سحابة داكنة في السماء.

I saw a dark cloud in the sky.

Indefinite feminine noun.

5

يفضل والدي الألوان الداكنة.

My father prefers dark colors.

Plural noun 'al-wan'.

6

هذه الغرفة لها طلاء داكن.

This room has dark paint.

Possessive 'laha'.

7

اشتريت سجادة ذات لون داكن.

I bought a rug with a dark color.

Using 'dhat' (possessing).

8

هل تفضل القهوة الداكنة؟

Do you prefer dark coffee?

Interrogative.

1

تتميز الغابة بأشجارها الخضراء الداكنة.

The forest is characterized by its dark green trees.

Plural adjective agreement.

2

كانت مياه البحر تبدو داكنة في الليل.

The sea water looked dark at night.

State verb 'tabdu'.

3

اختارت العروس فستاناً قرمزياً داكناً.

The bride chose a dark crimson dress.

Specific color terminology.

4

تظهر الظلال بشكل أوضح مع الألوان الداكنة.

Shadows appear more clearly with dark colors.

Abstract concept usage.

5

البشرة الداكنة تحتاج إلى عناية خاصة.

Dark skin needs special care.

Describing physical traits.

6

استخدم الرسام درجات داكنة للتعبير عن الحزن.

The painter used dark shades to express sadness.

Metaphorical link to emotion.

7

هذا النوع من العسل داكن اللون وقوي المذاق.

This type of honey is dark in color and strong in taste.

Compound description.

8

كان يرتدي نظارات شمسية داكنة جداً.

He was wearing very dark sunglasses.

Intensifier 'jiddan'.

1

تلبدت السماء بغيوم داكنة تنذر بالعاصفة.

The sky was overcast with dark clouds portending a storm.

Advanced vocabulary 'talabbadat'.

2

يفضل المصممون الخشب الداكن لإضفاء لمسة فخامة.

Designers prefer dark wood to add a touch of luxury.

Infinitive 'idfa'.

3

تتطلب هذه الصبغة وقتاً أطول لتبدو داكنة.

This dye requires more time to look dark.

Causal relationship.

4

كانت نظراته داكنة وغامضة في آن واحد.

His looks were dark and mysterious at the same time.

Metaphorical use for 'looks'.

5

الأقمشة الداكنة تمتص الحرارة أكثر من الفاتحة.

Dark fabrics absorb heat more than light ones.

Scientific comparison.

6

يتميز هذا العطر برائحة خشبية ولون داكن.

This perfume features a woody scent and a dark color.

Sensory description.

7

تعكس هذه الرواية جانباً داكناً من النفس البشرية.

This novel reflects a dark side of the human soul.

Deep metaphorical use.

8

كان الزيت داكناً مما يدل على قدمه.

The oil was dark, which indicates its age.

Relative clause 'mimma'.

1

استخدم الكاتب استعارات داكنة لوصف الحقبة الاستعمارية.

The writer used dark metaphors to describe the colonial era.

Literary analysis terminology.

2

تتجلى روعة اللوحة في التباين بين الضوء والظلال الداكنة.

The beauty of the painting is evident in the contrast between light and dark shadows.

Formal verb 'tatajalla'.

3

تتسم السياسة الخارجية في تلك الفترة بملامح داكنة.

Foreign policy in that period was characterized by dark features.

Political context.

4

إن الصبغة الداكنة لهذا النوع من الرخام نادرة جداً.

The dark pigmentation of this type of marble is very rare.

Emphasis with 'Inna'.

5

غاص الغواص في أعماق المحيط الداكنة.

The diver dove into the dark depths of the ocean.

Poetic structure.

6

كانت الأجواء داكنة يسودها الصمت والترقب.

The atmosphere was dark, dominated by silence and anticipation.

Descriptive 'hal' clause.

7

تتطلب معالجة الصور تعديل المستويات الداكنة بدقة.

Image processing requires adjusting dark levels precisely.

Technical jargon.

8

لا يمكن إغفال الجوانب الداكنة في هذه النظرية العلمية.

The dark aspects of this scientific theory cannot be ignored.

Passive construction 'la yumkin'.

1

ينساب الحبر الداكن على الورق كأنه ذكريات قديمة.

The dark ink flows on the paper as if it were old memories.

Simile usage.

2

ثمة خيط رفيع بين الحزن النبيل واليأس الداكن.

There is a fine line between noble sadness and dark despair.

Philosophical nuance.

3

توشحت المدينة برداء داكن من الضباب الكثيف.

The city was shrouded in a dark cloak of thick fog.

Highly literary verb 'tawashshahat'.

4

إن توظيف الألوان الداكنة في السينما التعبيرية يخدم الغرض الدرامي.

The employment of dark colors in expressionist cinema serves the dramatic purpose.

Academic film criticism.

5

تتداخل الألوان الداكنة في نسيج هذه السجادة العتيقة.

Dark colors intertwine in the fabric of this ancient rug.

Intricate description.

6

بدى الأفق داكناً كأنه ينذر بنهاية عصر كامل.

The horizon appeared dark as if portending the end of an entire era.

Epic tone.

7

تتجذر هذه الأفكار الداكنة في أعماق اللاوعي.

These dark ideas are rooted in the depths of the subconscious.

Psychological context.

8

لا تكتمل اللوحة إلا بلمسات من اللون الأرجواني الداكن.

The painting is not complete without touches of dark purple.

Exceptive structure 'la... illa'.

常见搭配

لون داكن
أزرق داكن
أخضر داكن
بني داكن
شوكولاتة داكنة
بشرة داكنة
غيوم داكنة
خشب داكن
خبز داكن
شعر داكن

常用短语

ذو لون داكن

ألوان داكنة

بشكل داكن

أصبح داكناً

درجة داكنة

صبغة داكنة

ملابس داكنة

ظلال داكنة

خلفية داكنة

مساحة داكنة

容易混淆的词

داكن vs مظلم

داكن vs غامق

داكن vs قاتم

习语与表达

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容易混淆

داكن vs

داكن vs

داكن vs

داكن vs

داكن vs

句型

如何使用

food

Standard for 'dark chocolate'.

nuance

It is more formal than 'ghāmiq'.

limitation

Rarely used for abstract 'evil' (use 'sharir' or 'aswad').

常见错误
  • Using 'dākin' for a dark night instead of 'muẓlim'.
  • Putting 'dākin' before the color name.
  • Forgetting to add 'al-' to 'dākin' when the noun has 'al-'.
  • Using 'dākin' to mean 'evil' in a moral sense.
  • Confusing the spelling with 'dukkān' (shop).

小贴士

Agreement

Always check the gender of the noun. If you describe 'the sun' (shams - feminine), use 'dākinah'.

Precision

Use it to distinguish between shades like navy blue and sky blue.

Dialect

If you are in Egypt, you will hear 'ghāmiq' more, but 'dākin' makes you sound educated.

Imagery

Use 'dākin' to create a serious or elegant tone in your descriptions.

Context

If you hear 'dākin' in a restaurant, it's likely about coffee or chocolate.

Etiquette

Using 'basharah dākinah' is a standard descriptive term in Arabic media.

Root

Connect D-K-N to 'Dense' to remember it means a thick, deep color.

Shading

In art class, 'dākin' is the word for 'shade'.

Plants

Use it to describe healthy, dark green leaves.

Professionalism

Dark colors are called 'al-wan rasmiyya' (official colors).

记住它

词源

Arabic root D-K-N

文化背景

Dark honey (عسل داكن) is often considered more medicinal and higher quality.

Dark suits are the standard for business in cities like Dubai and Cairo.

While light is positive, dark colors in art are used to show strength and groundedness.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"هل تفضل الألوان الفاتحة أم الداكنة؟"

"لماذا تختار دائماً ملابس داكنة؟"

"هل تحب الشوكولاتة الداكنة؟"

"ما رأيك في هذا الطلاء الداكن للغرفة؟"

"هل السماء تبدو داكنة اليوم؟"

日记主题

صف ملابسك المفضلة باستخدام كلمة 'داكن'.

اكتب عن يوم كانت فيه السماء داكنة جداً.

لماذا يفضل بعض الناس الألوان الداكنة في منازلهم؟

تحدث عن نوع من الطعام لونه داكن.

صف شعورك عندما ترى غابة خضراء داكنة.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, you should use 'muẓlim'. 'Dākin' is for colors.

Yes, it is the standard Fusha word, though understood everywhere.

It is 'dākinah' (داكنة).

Yes, 'sha'r dākin' is very common for dark hair.

No, 'black' is 'aswad'. 'Dākin' means a dark shade of any color.

You can say 'أدكن' or 'أكثر دكنة', but 'أغمق' is more common.

Yes, 'basharah dākinah' is a polite way to say dark skin.

Yes, 'daakinun' for people or 'daakinat' for feminine things.

The opposite is 'fātih' (فاتح).

Yes, 'shāy dākin' implies a strong, dark brew.

自我测试 192 个问题

/ 192 correct

Perfect score!

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