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B1 verb 7分钟阅读

يَتَضَمّن

yatadamman
例句 يَتَضَمّن 30秒了解
解析 يَتَضَمّن in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'يتضمن' (yatadamman) often, but you might see it on signs or menus. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'has' or 'with'. If you see a menu that says 'الوجبة تتضمن مشروب' (The meal includes a drink), just know that the drink is part of the deal. It's a bit more formal than the basic word 'فيه' (fih) which means 'there is' or 'in it'. At this stage, focus on recognizing the word when you see it in lists. It usually comes right after the main item and before the extra thing you get. For example, 'The ticket includes lunch.' The word 'يتضمن' acts like a bridge between the ticket and the lunch. You can remember it by the sound 'tadamman', which sounds a bit like 'to-do-man'—like a list of things to do or things included in a plan. Don't worry about conjugating it perfectly yet; just remember it means 'includes'.
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By A2, you should start using 'يتضمن' to describe simple packages or lists. Instead of always saying 'الشنطة فيها كتب' (The bag has books), you can say 'الحقيبة تتضمن كتباً' in a more formal school context. This word is very useful when you are traveling. You might ask 'هل السعر يتضمن الإفطار؟' (Does the price include breakfast?). This is a very common and practical sentence. At this level, you should notice that the verb changes slightly depending on what is doing the including. If it's a masculine thing like 'السعر' (the price), use 'يتضمن' (yatadamman). If it's a feminine thing like 'الخطة' (the plan), use 'تتضمن' (tatadamman). It's a great word to make your Arabic sound a bit more professional and less like a beginner. You will see it on receipts, in simple advertisements, and in basic news headlines about events.
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At the B1 level, 'يتضمن' becomes a key vocabulary item for discussing plans, reports, and news. You should be able to use it to describe the contents of a project, a book, or a speech. For example, 'يتضمن التقرير نتائج البحث' (The report includes the research results). Notice that you don't need to use any prepositions like 'of' or 'in' after it. It goes straight to the object. This is also the stage where you should distinguish it from 'يحتوي على' (yahtawi 'ala). Use 'يتضمن' for abstract things like ideas, clauses, or sections of a book. Use 'يحتوي على' for physical containers like a box of chocolates. You can also start using the past tense 'تضمن' (tadammana) to talk about what was included in a past event, like 'تضمن الحفل عرضاً موسيقياً' (The ceremony included a musical performance). This word will help you transition from simple descriptive sentences to more structured, formal Arabic used in work and study.
At the B2 level, you should use 'يتضمن' with confidence in professional and academic settings. You should understand its nuance as 'comprising' or 'involving'. For instance, in a business context, you might say 'هذا المنصب يتضمن مسؤوليات كبيرة' (This position involves/includes great responsibilities). Here, it's not just a list of items, but the inherent parts of a role. You should also be comfortable with its Form V morphology, recognizing the 'shadda' on the 'm' and how it affects the rhythm of the sentence. At this level, you can use it to summarize complex documents: 'يتضمن البيان الختامي خمس نقاط أساسية' (The final statement includes five essential points). You should also be able to recognize the active participle 'مُتَضَمِّن' (including/containing) in phrases like 'رسالة متضمنة شروطاً جديدة' (a letter containing new conditions). This level requires you to use the word to link abstract concepts together in a logical flow.
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At the C1 level, your use of 'يتضمن' should reflect a deep understanding of its semantic range, including its use for implication and inherent containment. You might use it in literary analysis: 'النص يتضمن دلالات رمزية عميقة' (The text includes/carries deep symbolic significations). You should also be able to distinguish it from more specialized synonyms like 'ينطوي على' (yantawi 'ala - to involve/entail) or 'يشتمل على' (yashtamil 'ala - to comprise). 'يتضمن' is often used in legal and constitutional discourse to define the scope of rights and obligations. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'إن أي حل سياسي يتضمن تنازلات من الطرفين لن يكون مقبولاً' (Any political solution that involves concessions from both sides will not be acceptable). At this stage, you are not just using the word to list things, but to define the very nature and boundaries of the subjects you are discussing.
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At the C2 level, 'يتضمن' is used with precision in highly specialized fields such as law, philosophy, and high-level diplomacy. You understand that 'يتضمن' can imply an ontological containment—where one concept is logically nested within another. For example, in philosophical debate: 'المفهوم يتضمن بالضرورة عناصره الأولية' (The concept necessarily includes its primary elements). You can use it to describe the intricate layers of a legal code or a complex scientific theory. You are also aware of the word's history and its connection to the concept of 'ضمان' (guarantee), understanding how the 'inclusion' in 'يتضمن' carries a sense of formal assurance that the parts are indeed there. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, employing it to create nuanced, authoritative, and precise discourse. You might use it in the passive or with complex modal verbs to express subtle shades of meaning regarding what is or is not included in a particular framework.
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例句

يَتَضَمّن 30秒了解

  • A formal verb meaning 'to include' or 'comprise'.
  • Used for documents, plans, meals, and abstract ideas.
  • Transitive verb: no preposition needed before the object.
  • Root is d-m-n, related to guarantees and containment.

The Arabic verb يَتَضَمّن (yatadamman) is a cornerstone of formal and semi-formal communication. At its core, it signifies the act of including, comprising, or containing something as an integral part of a larger whole. Derived from the root ض-م-ن, which relates to guarantees, responsibility, and containment, this Form V verb suggests a relationship where one entity holds another within its boundaries, whether those boundaries are physical, conceptual, or legal.

Conceptual Inclusion
This is the most common usage. It describes how an abstract idea, a plan, or a document 'contains' specific points or clauses. For example, a contract 'includes' terms, or a speech 'includes' a message of hope.
Physical Containment
While often replaced by 'يحتوي' (contains) for physical objects, 'يتضمن' is still used when the inclusion is essential to the definition of the object, such as a meal including specific ingredients or a book including specific chapters.
Implied Meaning
In literary or analytical contexts, it can mean 'to imply' or 'to carry within itself.' A look might 'contain' a sense of sadness, or a word might 'include' multiple layers of meaning.

العقد يَتَضَمّن شروطاً صارمة لحماية حقوق الموظفين.

— The contract includes strict conditions to protect employee rights.

You will frequently encounter this word in news broadcasts, legal documents, academic papers, and professional emails. It is less common in very casual street slang, where people might opt for simpler verbs like 'فيه' (in it) or 'جواه' (inside it). However, in any setting that requires clarity and precision regarding the components of a system or document, يتضمن is the preferred choice.

البرنامج السياحي يَتَضَمّن زيارة إلى الأهرامات والمتحف المصري.

— The tourist program includes a visit to the Pyramids and the Egyptian Museum.

رسالته تَتَضَمّن اعتذاراً صريحاً عما حدث.

— His letter includes an explicit apology for what happened.

الوجبة تَتَضَمّن طبقاً رئيسياً ومشروباً غازياً.

— The meal includes a main dish and a soft drink.

تقرير اللجنة يَتَضَمّن توصيات هامة للمستقبل.

— The committee's report includes important recommendations for the future.

Using يتضمن correctly requires an understanding of its conjugation and its relationship with direct objects. As a Form V verb, it follows a predictable pattern but has a distinct 'middle' weight due to the doubled 'm' (meem). It is almost always followed immediately by the thing being included, without the need for prepositions like 'in' or 'with'.

Present Tense Conjugation
The root is d-m-n. In the present tense: هو يتضمن (He/It includes), هي تتضمن (She/It includes), هم يتضمنون (They include). Note that when the subject is a non-human plural (like 'reports' or 'books'), the verb is usually conjugated in the feminine singular: 'التقارير تتضمن'.
Past Tense Usage
The past tense is 'تَضَمَّنَ' (tadammana). For example: 'تضمن الكتاب فصلاً عن التاريخ' (The book included a chapter about history). It is used to describe what was part of a specific instance or version of something.
Passive Voice
The passive form 'يُتَضَمَّن' (yutadamman - is included) is less common but used in legal phrasing. More often, you will see the active participle 'مُتَضَمِّن' (including) or the passive participle 'مُتَضَمَّن' (included/contained).

هل يَتَضَمّن السعر ضريبة القيمة المضافة؟

— Does the price include Value Added Tax (VAT)?

In a sentence, the subject is the 'container' and the object is the 'content'. If you want to say 'The box contains toys,' you would say 'الصندوق يتضمن ألعاباً' (though 'يحتوي على' is more common for physical boxes). If you want to say 'The plan includes three steps,' you say 'الخطة تتضمن ثلاث خطوات'.

الدستور الجديد يَتَضَمّن مواداً تضمن حرية التعبير.

— The new constitution includes articles that guarantee freedom of expression.

المشروع يَتَضَمّن بناء جسر جديد فوق النهر.

— The project includes building a new bridge over the river.

بيان الخارجية يَتَضَمّن إدانة واضحة للهجوم.

— The Foreign Ministry's statement includes a clear condemnation of the attack.

العرض يَتَضَمّن خصماً بنسبة عشرين بالمئة.

— The offer includes a twenty percent discount.

If you turn on Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, you will hear يتضمن within the first ten minutes. It is the 'workhorse' verb of news reporting. News anchors use it to describe the contents of diplomatic cables, UN resolutions, and government statements. It provides a sense of official documentation and factual reporting.

News & Media
'The news bulletin includes the following headlines...' (نشرة الأخبار تتضمن العناوين التالية). It sets the stage for what is to come.
Business & Law
In meetings, a manager might say, 'The agenda includes three main points.' In law, lawyers debate what a specific article 'includes' or 'excludes'.
Education
Teachers use it to describe curricula. 'The semester includes five units of study.' It helps students understand the scope of their learning.

المقال يَتَضَمّن تحليلاً عميقاً للأزمة الاقتصادية.

— The article includes a deep analysis of the economic crisis.

In a more personal setting, you might hear it when discussing travel plans or restaurant menus. If you ask a waiter if a dish includes nuts, you could use 'يتضمن'. However, in very casual Egyptian or Levantine dialects, you're more likely to hear 'فيه' (it has) or 'موجود فيه' (present in it). Using 'يتضمن' in a casual conversation makes you sound educated, precise, and perhaps a bit formal.

جدول الأعمال يَتَضَمّن مناقشة الميزانية الجديدة.

— The agenda includes a discussion of the new budget.

الفيلم يَتَضَمّن مشاهد تم تصويرها في الصحراء.

— The movie includes scenes filmed in the desert.

الملف يَتَضَمّن كافة المستندات المطلوبة للتأشيرة.

— The file includes all the documents required for the visa.

المؤتمر يَتَضَمّن ورش عمل للمبتدئين.

— The conference includes workshops for beginners.

While يتضمن is a versatile word, English speakers often trip up on its grammar or confuse it with similar-looking roots. The most common error is related to prepositions. In English, we say 'consists of' or 'comprises of' (incorrectly, but often). In Arabic, 'يتضمن' is transitive—it needs no preposition.

The Preposition Trap
Mistake: 'يتضمن على' (yatadamman 'ala). Correct: 'يتضمن' (yatadamman). People confuse it with 'يشتمل على' (yashtamil 'ala), which does require 'on'. Stick to the direct object with 'يتضمن'.
Root Confusion
The root d-m-n (ض-م-ن) is also in 'ضمان' (daman - guarantee). Learners sometimes think 'يتضمن' means 'to guarantee'. While related, 'يتضمن' is about inclusion, while 'يضمن' (yadman) is about guaranteeing.
Form V vs. Form I
Don't confuse 'يتضمن' (yatadamman - to include) with 'يضمن' (yadman - to guarantee). The extra 'ta' and the 'shadda' (doubling) on the 'm' completely change the meaning from guaranteeing to including.

❌ الخطأ: الكتاب يتضمن على فصول مفيدة.
✅ الصواب: الكتاب يَتَضَمّن فصولاً مفيدة.

— Avoid using 'على' after 'يتضمن'.

Another mistake is using it for purely physical containment where 'يحتوي' (contains) is more natural. For example, saying a box 'يتضمن' a ball sounds like the ball is a conceptual part of the box's definition. Use 'يحتوي على' for physical storage and 'يتضمن' for conceptual or integral parts.

❌ الخطأ: الصندوق يتضمن تفاحاً.
✅ الصواب: الصندوق يحتوي على تفاح.

— 'Contains' is better for physical contents like fruit in a box.

Arabic is rich with verbs of containment and inclusion. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about physical space, conceptual lists, or essential components. Here is how يتضمن compares to its cousins.

يشمل (Yashmal)
Meaning: To cover or encompass. Usage: Often used for scope or range. 'The law covers everyone.' (القانون يشمل الجميع). It is very close to 'يتضمن' but feels more like a blanket covering everything rather than a container holding parts.
يحتوي على (Yahtawi 'ala)
Meaning: To contain. Usage: Primarily for physical contents. 'The bottle contains water.' (الزجاجة تحتوي على ماء). It emphasizes the physical presence of something inside another thing.
يشتمل على (Yashtamil 'ala)
Meaning: To comprise or consist of. Usage: Very formal. 'The project comprises three phases.' (المشروع يشتمل على ثلاث مراحل). It is almost interchangeable with 'يتضمن', but 'يشتمل' always takes the preposition 'على'.
يتألف من (Yata'allaf min)
Meaning: To be composed of. Usage: When listing the ingredients or members that make up a whole. 'The team consists of five people.' (يتألف الفريق من خمسة أشخاص).

بينما يَتَضَمّن الكتاب معلومات، يشتمل على مراجع علمية أيضاً.

— While the book includes information, it also comprises scientific references.

In summary, use يتضمن for formal inclusion in documents or plans, يشمل for broad coverage, يحتوي for physical objects, and يتألف من when you want to list the constituent parts. Mastering these nuances will make your Arabic sound much more natural and sophisticated.

الخطة تَتَضَمّن أهدافاً بعيدة المدى.

— The plan includes long-term goals.

الموقع الإلكتروني يَتَضَمّن قسماً للأسئلة الشائعة.

— The website includes a section for frequently asked questions.
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按水平分级的例句

1

الكتاب يتضمن صوراً.

The book includes pictures.

Simple SVO structure with a feminine plural object.

2

الوجبة تتضمن تفاحة.

The meal includes an apple.

The verb is feminine because 'الوجبة' is feminine.

3

التذكرة تتضمن الغداء.

The ticket includes lunch.

'الغداء' is the direct object.

4

الفندق يتضمن مسبحاً.

The hotel includes a pool.

A1 level vocabulary for travel.

5

الدرس يتضمن كلمات جديدة.

The lesson includes new words.

Plural feminine 'كلمات' as the object.

6

الهدية تتضمن رسالة.

The gift includes a letter.

Focus on 'تتضمن' agreeing with 'الهدية'.

7

البرنامج يتضمن موسيقى.

The program includes music.

Simple present tense.

8

البيت يتضمن غرفتين.

The house includes two rooms.

Dual object 'غرفتين'.

1

هل العرض يتضمن التوصيل؟

Does the offer include delivery?

Question format using 'هل'.

2

القائمة تتضمن أطباقاً نباتية.

The menu includes vegetarian dishes.

Plural object 'أطباقاً'.

3

الرحلة تتضمن زيارة للمتحف.

The trip includes a visit to the museum.

'زيارة' is the direct object.

4

الامتحان يتضمن عشرة أسئلة.

The exam includes ten questions.

Number-noun agreement practice.

5

هذا القسم يتضمن ملابس أطفال.

This section includes children's clothes.

Genitive construction 'ملابس أطفال' as object.

6

الاشتراك يتضمن إنترنت سريع.

The subscription includes high-speed internet.

Adjective 'سريع' modifying 'إنترنت'.

7

الكتاب يتضمن خرائط قديمة.

The book includes old maps.

Feminine plural adjective 'قديمة'.

8

الحفل يتضمن رقصاً شعبياً.

The party includes folk dancing.

Abstract activity as an object.

1

الخطة تتضمن تحسين الخدمات.

The plan includes improving services.

Masdar 'تحسين' as the object.

2

تضمن التقرير أرقاماً دقيقة.

The report included accurate figures.

Past tense 'تضمن'.

3

المشروع يتضمن بناء مدرسة.

The project includes building a school.

Gerund-like usage of 'بناء'.

4

الدورة تتضمن تدريباً عملياً.

The course includes practical training.

Adjective 'عملياً' modifying 'تدريباً'.

5

الرسالة تتضمن شكراً وتقديراً.

The letter includes thanks and appreciation.

Coordinated objects using 'و'.

6

النظام يتضمن ميزات أمان.

The system includes security features.

Plural 'ميزات' (features).

7

الاتفاق يتضمن وقف إطلاق النار.

The agreement includes a ceasefire.

Political vocabulary common at B1.

8

الفيلم يتضمن ترجمة بالعربية.

The movie includes Arabic subtitles.

Describing media features.

1

تتضمن الميزانية زيادة في الرواتب.

The budget includes an increase in salaries.

Formal business Arabic.

2

يتضمن القانون مواداً لحماية البيئة.

The law includes articles for environmental protection.

Legal terminology 'مواد' (articles).

3

البيان يتضمن رداً على الانتقادات.

The statement includes a response to the criticisms.

Connecting abstract concepts.

4

هذا البحث يتضمن تجارب ميدانية.

This research includes field experiments.

Academic Arabic.

5

العقد يتضمن بنداً لفسخ التعاقد.

The contract includes a clause for termination.

Legal term 'بند' (clause).

6

المؤتمر يتضمن جلسات نقاشية.

The conference includes discussion sessions.

Describing professional events.

7

البرنامج يتضمن تحديثات تلقائية.

The program includes automatic updates.

Tech terminology.

8

الرواية تتضمن أبعاداً فلسفية.

The novel includes philosophical dimensions.

Literary analysis.

1

الخطاب يتضمن رسائل مبطنة للخصوم.

The speech includes veiled messages to opponents.

Nuanced meaning: 'veiled messages'.

2

تتضمن الأطروحة نقداً للمدارس الكلاسيكية.

The thesis includes a critique of classical schools.

High-level academic structure.

3

العملية تتضمن مخاطر لا يمكن تجاهلها.

The process involves risks that cannot be ignored.

Relative clause 'لا يمكن تجاهلها'.

4

تتضمن الاستراتيجية رؤية شاملة للتطوير.

The strategy includes a comprehensive vision for development.

Abstract noun 'رؤية' (vision).

5

القصيدة تتضمن صوراً بيانية معقدة.

The poem includes complex rhetorical imagery.

Literary terminology 'صور بيانية'.

6

يتضمن المنهج تحليلاً نقدياً للنصوص.

The curriculum includes a critical analysis of texts.

Educational/Academic context.

7

الاتفاقية تتضمن آليات لفض النزاعات.

The agreement includes mechanisms for conflict resolution.

Legal/Diplomatic 'آليات' (mechanisms).

8

التقرير يتضمن توصيات غير ملزمة.

The report includes non-binding recommendations.

Legal nuance 'غير ملزمة'.

1

تتضمن هذه المقاربة تفكيكاً للمفاهيم السائدة.

This approach includes a deconstruction of prevailing concepts.

Philosophical/Critical theory vocabulary.

2

النص يتضمن تناصاً مع الملاحم القديمة.

The text includes intertextuality with ancient epics.

Literary theory 'تناص' (intertextuality).

3

تتضمن المنظومة القيمية تحولات عميقة.

The value system includes deep transformations.

Sociological/Philosophical context.

4

القرار يتضمن تداعيات جيوسياسية خطيرة.

The decision involves serious geopolitical implications.

Political science terminology.

5

تتضمن النظرية فرضيات تحتاج إلى إثبات.

The theory includes hypotheses that need proof.

Scientific methodology.

6

العمل يتضمن استعارات تمس الوجدان.

The work includes metaphors that touch the soul.

High-level aesthetic description.

7

تتضمن المخطوطة إشارات إلى علوم مفقودة.

The manuscript includes references to lost sciences.

Historical/Archeological context.

8

الخطاب يتضمن نبرة من التحدي الصريح.

The speech includes a tone of explicit defiance.

Analyzing rhetorical tone.

常见搭配

يتضمن شروطاً
يتضمن تفاصيل
يتضمن برنامجاً
يتضمن معلومات
يتضمن قائمة
يتضمن تعديلات
يتضمن رسالة
يتضمن أهدافاً
يتضمن تحليلاً
يتضمن عرضاً

常用短语

بما يتضمن

— Including that which is...

يجب مراجعة الملف بما يتضمنه من أخطاء.

يتضمن في طياته

— To carry within its folds (metaphorical for hidden meaning).

القرار يتضمن في طياته مفاجآت.

لا يتضمن

— Does not include.

السعر لا يتضمن الضرائب.

محتوى يتضمن

— Content that includes...

نبحث عن محتوى يتضمن نصائح طبية.

يتضمن بالضرورة

— Necessarily includes.

النجاح يتضمن بالضرورة العمل الجاد.

يتضمن كجزء من

— Included as part of...

هذا يتضمن كجزء من الاتفاق.

يتضمن ما يلي

— Includes the following...

الجدول يتضمن ما يلي.

يتضمن كافة

— Includes all...

العرض يتضمن كافة المصاريف.

يتضمن نصاً

— Includes a text/clause.

العقد يتضمن نصاً صريحاً.

يتضمن دعوة
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