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A2 noun #8,500 最常用 6分钟阅读

آبکش

Q: What is the plural of Abkesh?

The plural is 'آبکشها' (Abkesh-hā).

abkesh 前8,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 آبکش 30秒了解

解析 آبکش in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'آبکش' (Abkesh) is introduced as a basic kitchen noun. You should learn it alongside other common items like 'pot' (قابلمه) and 'spoon' (قاشق). At this stage, you only need to know that it is a tool with holes used for washing fruits or vegetables and for making rice. You might see it in simple sentences like 'This is a colander' (این یک آبکش است) or 'The colander is in the kitchen' (آبکش در آشپزخانه است). Focus on the pronunciation: ĀB-KESH. Think of it as a 'water-puller'. It's a very concrete object, so visualizing it will help you remember the word. You don't need to worry about complex metaphors yet; just focus on identifying the object in a kitchen setting.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'آبکش' in the context of simple daily tasks and recipes. You should learn the compound verb 'آبکش کردن' (to strain). You will use it to describe the steps of cooking, such as 'First, wash the rice, then strain it' (اول برنج را بشور، بعد آبکش کن). You can also start describing the material of the colander using basic adjectives: 'I have a plastic colander' (من یک آبکش پلاستیکی دارم). At this level, you should be able to ask for it in a store or ask someone where they keep it. Understanding that it is essential for 'Persian rice' is key to cultural literacy at this stage.

By B1, you should be comfortable using 'آبکش' in more detailed culinary and household contexts. You might discuss the differences between various types of colanders (metal vs. plastic) and why one might be better for certain tasks. You'll use it in sentences with more complex grammar, such as 'If the colander is too small, the rice will get mushy' (اگر آبکش خیلی کوچک باشد، برنج خمیر می‌شود). You should also begin to recognize the word in the context of shopping and household management, such as reading a label or a kitchen equipment list. This is also the stage where you might hear the word used in a very simple metaphorical sense, like describing a 'leaky' bucket or a similar object.

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At the B2 level, you can use 'آبکش' in idiomatic and metaphorical expressions. You might hear someone say 'My head is like a colander' (سرم مثل آبکش شده) to mean they are overwhelmed or forgetful. You should understand the nuances of the 'Abkeshi' cooking process and be able to explain it to someone else in Persian. You can engage in discussions about kitchen quality, comparing brands or materials (e.g., 'Stainless steel colanders are more hygienic than plastic ones'). You will also encounter the word in more formal or technical texts, such as a product review or a detailed cultural article about Iranian food traditions. Your use of the word should feel natural within a variety of sentence structures.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of 'آبکش' in both literal and figurative senses. You can appreciate its use in literature or high-level journalism to describe systemic flaws (e.g., 'The law is like a colander, full of loopholes'). You understand the historical and sociological significance of the object in Iranian society—how the shift from copper to plastic 'Abkeshs' reflects broader economic changes. You can use the word in complex debates about tradition versus modernity in the kitchen. You are also aware of regional variations and synonyms (like 'Palkesh') and can switch between formal and informal registers when discussing household items.

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At the C2 level, you possess a near-native command of the word 'آبکش' and its place in the Persian lexicon. You can analyze puns, wordplay, and subtle cultural references involving the word in classical or modern poetry and film. You might explore the etymological roots of 'Kesh' across various Persian words and how 'Abkesh' fits into that linguistic family. You can use the word with absolute precision in any context, from a masterclass in Persian cuisine to a sophisticated political critique. You understand the sensory associations of the word—the sound, the steam, the heat—and can use it to evoke vivid imagery in your own writing or speaking.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

آبکش 30秒了解

آبکش is a colander or strainer used to drain water from food.
It is the central tool for making traditional Persian fluffy rice.
The word literally means 'water-puller' (Ab + Kesh).
It can be used metaphorically to describe a bad memory or a flawed plan.

The Persian word آبکش (pronounced 'āp-kesh') is a fundamental noun in the Iranian kitchen, referring primarily to a colander or a large strainer. Linguistically, it is a compound word formed from آب (āb), meaning 'water', and the root کش (kesh), derived from the verb کشیدن (keshidan), which means 'to pull' or 'to draw'. Therefore, the literal translation is 'water-drawer' or 'water-puller', describing its function of separating water from solid food. While in English a colander might be a secondary tool, in Persian culture, the آبکش is central to the most prestigious method of cooking rice: the Abkeshi method. This involves boiling rice in a large pot of salted water until the grains are parboiled, then pouring the entire contents into an آبکش to drain the starchy water before returning the rice to the pot to steam. This process creates the famously fluffy, separate grains of Persian Chelow.

Physical Form: Traditionally made of hammered copper or tin-lined brass, modern versions are typically stainless steel, aluminum, or colorful plastic. They range from small hand-held strainers to massive industrial-sized bowls used in religious ceremonies (Nazri).
Cultural Weight: The act of 'Abkesh kardan' (straining) is a milestone in Persian culinary skill. A cook's ability to time the straining perfectly determines the texture of the rice and the quality of the Tahdig (the crispy bottom layer).

مادرم همیشه می‌گوید که برنج را باید درست وقتی که مغزش هنوز کمی سفت است در آبکش بریزی.

Beyond the kitchen, the word appears in various metaphors. For instance, if a plan is described as being 'like an Abkesh', it implies it is full of holes or flaws. In the context of traditional crafts, the making of these vessels was a specialized trade in the Grand Bazaar of Tehran and Isfahan. Even today, a high-quality stainless steel آبکش is considered a staple item in a bride's dowry (Jahiziyeh). When you enter an Iranian home during meal preparation, the rhythmic sound of rice hitting the metal surface of the آبکش is a distinct auditory signal that a feast is being prepared.

Using the word آبکش involves understanding its role as a noun and its primary associated verb: کردن (kardan). Together, آبکش کردن is the compound verb for 'to strain' or 'to drain'. You will most frequently encounter this in the imperative form when following recipes. For example, 'برنج را آبکش کن' (Drain the rice). It is also important to distinguish between the object itself and the action. You might say 'آبکش کجاست؟' (Where is the colander?) when searching for the tool, or 'آبکش را بشور' (Wash the colander) after use. Because Persian often omits the object if it's understood from context, you might simply hear 'آبکش کردی؟' (Did you strain [the rice]?).

Material Descriptions: آبکش استیل (Stainless steel colander), آبکش پلاستیکی (Plastic colander), آبکش مسی (Copper colander).

برای شستن میوه‌ها، آن‌ها را در یک آبکش بزرگ بریز و زیر شیر آب بگیر.

In more advanced usage, the word can describe anything perforated. For example, in a technical or construction context, a surface with many holes might be compared to an آبکش. It is also used in sports commentary or casual talk to describe a defense that is easily bypassed: 'دفاع تیم مثل آبکش بود' (The team's defense was like a colander). When talking about quantities, you don't usually use 'Abkesh' as a measure, but rather as the vessel of transition. For instance, 'یک آبکش پر از سبزی' (A colander full of herbs) is a common sight when preparing Sabzi Khordan.

The most common place to hear آبکش is within the domestic sphere, specifically the kitchen. However, its usage extends into the commercial and social fabric of Iran. If you visit a traditional bazaar, particularly the copper-smiths' section (Bazaar-e Mesgarha), you will hear the word constantly as vendors hawk their wares. They might shout about the durability of their 'آبکش‌های ضخیم' (thick colanders). In the context of 'Nazri' (charitable food distribution during religious months like Muharram), the word takes on a communal tone. Huge aluminum آبکش units, sometimes a meter wide, are used to prepare rice for hundreds of people. Hearing someone ask for 'آبکش‌های بزرگ هیئت' (the large colanders of the religious center) is common during these times.

Kitchen Dialogues: 'مواظب باش، آبکش سنگین است!' (Be careful, the colander is heavy!) - often said when draining a large pot of boiling water.

توی بازار تجریش، فروشنده داد می‌زد: آبکش استیل نگیر، فقط مسی ببر!

You will also hear it on Persian cooking shows, which are immensely popular. Chefs will meticulously explain the 'timing of the Abkesh' (زمان آبکش کردن). In a more modern, urban setting, you might hear it at a homeware store like IKEA or a local 'Plasco' (plastic goods store). Younger generations might use it jokingly to describe a sieve-like object or even a bad internet connection that 'leaks' data, though this is very informal. Essentially, wherever there is rice, there is an آبکش, making it one of the most culturally 'present' nouns in the Persian language.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing آبکش with صافی (sāfi). While both are used for straining, a Safi is generally a smaller, fine-mesh strainer used for liquids like tea or juice, whereas an آبکش is a larger bowl with holes for solids like rice or pasta. If you ask for an 'Abkesh' to strain your tea, an Iranian might look at you with confusion, imagining you trying to pour tea through a giant rice colander. Another mistake is using the word غربال (gharbāl) interchangeably. A Gharbal is a sieve used for dry ingredients like flour or in construction for sand; it is not used for wet drainage in the kitchen.

Pronunciation Pitfall: Don't pronounce the 'b' too heavily. In fast speech, it almost blends with the 'k', but the 'ā' should be long and clear (like 'aw' in 'saw').

اشتباه: برای چای از آبکش استفاده کن. (Incorrect: Use a colander for tea.)

Grammatically, learners often forget that 'Abkesh kardan' is a compound verb. They might try to use 'Abkesh' as a standalone verb, which doesn't work. You must always pair it with 'kardan' (to do) or 'shodan' (to be done). Furthermore, be careful with the plural. While 'آبکش‌ها' (Abkesh-hā) is correct, in casual speech, people often just use the singular even when referring to multiple items if the quantity is implied. Finally, avoid using 'Abkesh' when you mean a 'funnel' (قیف - ghif); they serve opposite purposes (one spreads water, the other concentrates it).

To enrich your vocabulary, it's helpful to look at words that share the semantic field of straining and filtering. The most direct alternative in a kitchen context is صافی (sāfi), which covers a wide range of strainers. Then there is الک (alak), specifically a flour sifter. For larger-scale agricultural or construction work, غربال (gharbāl) is the word for a coarse sieve. Understanding these distinctions helps you sound more native and precise.

آبکش vs. صافی: Abkesh has larger holes and is bowl-shaped (for rice/pasta). Safi is often mesh-based and used for liquids or small grains.
آبکش vs. الک: Abkesh is for wet drainage. Alak is for dry sifting (like flour for a cake).

اگر آبکش دم دست نداری، می‌توانی از یک صافی بزرگ استفاده کنی.

In some regional dialects, you might hear the word پالکش (pāl-kesh), which is an older or dialectal variation of 'Abkesh'. In Dari Persian (Afghanistan), the term صافی is sometimes used more broadly where Iranians would specifically say 'Abkesh'. Another related term is کفگیر (kafgir), the large slotted spoon used to move rice from the colander back into the pot. While not a strainer itself, it is the 'Abkesh's constant companion' in the kitchen.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"لطفاً جهت تصفیه برنج، از آبکش استیل استفاده نمایید."

中性

"برنج را در آبکش بریزید."

非正式

"آبکش رو بده به من."

Child friendly

"ببین این ظرف کوچولو کلی سوراخ داره، بهش می‌گیم آبکش!"

俚语

"مخش آبکشه، هیچی یادش نمی‌مونه."

趣味小知识

The 'Kesh' root is found in many Persian words like 'Khat-kesh' (ruler/line-drawer) and 'Dast-kesh' (gloves/hand-puller).

发音指南

UK /ɑːbˈkɛʃ/

US /ɑbˈkɛʃ/

The stress is on the second syllable: ab-KESH.

押韵词

کِش (kesh) خوش (khosh - near rhyme) بِکش (bekesh) نکِش (nakesh) دست‌کِش (dast-kesh) خط‌کِش (khat-kesh) پیش‌کِش (pish-kesh) ارزش (arzesh - near rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'ā' like the 'a' in 'cat'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Making the 'b' sound too much like a 'p' (though 'āpkesh' is a common phonetic variation in fast speech).
Pronouncing 'sh' as 's'.
Adding an extra vowel between 'b' and 'k'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to read as it follows standard phonetic rules.

写作 3/5

Requires remembering the 'khe' and 'shin' sequence.

口语 2/5

Simple two-syllable word.

听力 2/5

Distinct sound, easy to identify in kitchen contexts.

接下来学什么

前置知识

آب (Water) کشیدن (To pull) برنج (Rice) آشپزخانه (Kitchen)

接下来学习

صافی (Strainer) قابلمه (Pot) ته‌دیگ (Crispy rice) بخارپز (Steamer)

高级

فیلتراسیون (Filtration) تصفیه (Purification) خلل و فرج (Pores/Holes)

需要掌握的语法

Compound Verbs with 'Kardan'

آبکش کردن (To strain)

Noun Compounds (Noun + Stem)

آب (Water) + کش (Puller)

Adjective placement

آبکشِ بزرگ (Big colander) - Note the Ezafe.

Pluralization with 'hā'

آبکش‌ها

Indefinite 'Yek'

یک آبکش خریدم.

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按水平分级的例句

این آبکش است.

This is a colander.

Simple demonstrative sentence (این + noun + است).

آبکش کجاست؟

Where is the colander?

Interrogative sentence using 'کجاست' (where is).

آبکش در آشپزخانه است.

The colander is in the kitchen.

Locational sentence with preposition 'در'.

من یک آبکش دارم.

I have a colander.

Possession using 'داشتن' (to have).

آبکش قرمز است.

The colander is red.

Noun + adjective + copula.

سیب‌ها را در آبکش بریز.

Put the apples in the colander.

Imperative sentence with 'بریز' (pour/put).

آبکش را بشور.

Wash the colander.

Imperative sentence with 'بشور' (wash).

این آبکش بزرگ است.

This colander is big.

Adjective 'بزرگ' (big) modifying the noun.

برنج را در آبکش بریز و با آب سرد بشور.

Pour the rice into the colander and wash it with cold water.

Compound imperative sentence.

آیا شما آبکش استیل دارید؟

Do you have a stainless steel colander?

Polite question with 'آیا'.

مادرم برنج را آبکش کرد.

My mother strained the rice.

Past tense of the compound verb 'آبکش کردن'.

ما برای ماکارونی به آبکش نیاز داریم.

We need a colander for the pasta.

Expressing need with 'نیاز داشتن'.

آبکش پلاستیکی ارزان‌تر از آبکش فلزی است.

A plastic colander is cheaper than a metal colander.

Comparative structure using 'تر از'.

لطفاً آبکش را به من بده.

Please give me the colander.

Request using 'لطفاً' and imperative 'بده'.

بعد از استفاده، آبکش را خشک کن.

Dry the colander after use.

Temporal phrase 'بعد از' + compound imperative.

این آبکش سوراخ‌های خیلی ریزی دارد.

This colander has very small holes.

Descriptive sentence with 'دارد'.

اگر برنج را زود آبکش کنی، سفت می‌ماند.

If you strain the rice too early, it will stay hard.

Conditional sentence (type 1).

او یک آبکش جدید برای جهیزیه‌اش خرید.

She bought a new colander for her dowry.

Use of 'برای' to show purpose.

همیشه قبل از ریختن برنج، مطمئن شو که آبکش تمیز است.

Always make sure the colander is clean before pouring the rice.

Complex imperative with 'مطمئن شو'.

آبکش‌های مسی قدیمی خیلی سنگین بودند.

Old copper colanders were very heavy.

Plural noun with past tense plural copula.

من ترجیح می‌دهم از آبکش استیل استفاده کنم چون زنگ نمی‌زند.

I prefer to use a stainless steel colander because it doesn't rust.

Expressing preference and reason with 'چون'.

وقتی آبکش را برمی‌داری، مواظب باش دستت نسوزد.

When you pick up the colander, be careful not to burn your hand.

Temporal clause 'وقتی' + negative subjunctive.

این آبکش برای این مقدار برنج خیلی کوچک است.

This colander is too small for this amount of rice.

Adverb 'خیلی' with adjective 'کوچک'.

سبزی‌ها را توی آبکش بگذار تا آبشان کاملاً برود.

Put the herbs in the colander so their water drains completely.

Purpose clause with 'تا'.

حافظه‌اش مثل آبکش است؛ هر چه می‌گویم فراموش می‌کند.

His memory is like a colander; he forgets whatever I say.

Simile using 'مثل'.

دفاع تیم فوتبال ما دیشب مثل آبکش سوراخ بود.

Our football team's defense was full of holes like a colander last night.

Metaphorical usage in sports context.

برای درست کردن یک پلوی عالی، زمان دقیق آبکش کردن حیاتی است.

To make a perfect pilaf, the exact timing of straining is vital.

Gerund-like use of 'آبکش کردن' as a noun phrase.

او تمام وسایل آشپزخانه، از جمله چندین آبکش در سایزهای مختلف را فروخت.

He sold all the kitchen equipment, including several colanders in different sizes.

Use of 'از جمله' (including).

آبکش‌های صنعتی که در رستوران‌ها استفاده می‌شوند، بسیار بزرگ هستند.

The industrial colanders used in restaurants are very large.

Passive relative clause 'که ... استفاده می‌شوند'.

او با دقت برنج را آبکش کرد تا دانه‌ها نشکنند.

She strained the rice carefully so that the grains wouldn't break.

Adverbial phrase 'با دقت' and purpose clause.

این طرح اقتصادی به قدری نقص دارد که شبیه آبکش است.

This economic plan has so many flaws that it resembles a colander.

Result clause 'به قدری ... که'.

آیا می‌دانستی که در قدیم آبکش‌ها را از چوب هم می‌ساختند؟

Did you know that in the past, they also made colanders from wood?

Historical inquiry with 'آیا می‌دانستی'.

ساختار اداری این سازمان چنان فرسوده است که گویی با یک آبکش طرف هستیم.

The administrative structure of this organization is so worn out that it's as if we're dealing with a colander.

High-level simile using 'گویی' (as if).

در متون قدیمی، گاهی به جای آبکش از واژه 'پالکش' استفاده شده است.

In old texts, the word 'Palkesh' has sometimes been used instead of 'Abkesh'.

Passive voice and linguistic comparison.

ظرافت در آبکش کردن برنج، مرز بین یک آشپز آماتور و یک استاد را تعیین می‌کند.

Subtlety in straining rice determines the boundary between an amateur cook and a master.

Abstract noun phrase as a subject.

فروشنده با افتخار می‌گفت که این آبکش‌ها هنر دست مسگران زنجان است.

The seller proudly said that these colanders are the handicraft of Zanjan's coppersmiths.

Indirect speech and cultural reference.

نفوذپذیری مرزها به قدری زیاد بود که منتقدان آن را به آبکش تشبیه کردند.

The permeability of the borders was so high that critics likened it to a colander.

Political metaphor with 'تشبیه کردن' (to liken).

تحلیل او از وضعیت بازار، به دلیل حفره‌های اطلاعاتی، شبیه یک آبکش بود.

His analysis of the market situation, due to information gaps, was like a colander.

Complex sentence with parenthetical reason.

او با وسواس عجیبی سوراخ‌های آبکش را یکی‌یکی تمیز می‌کرد.

He was cleaning the colander holes one by one with a strange obsession.

Describing manner with 'با وسواس عجیبی'.

هنر مسگری و ساخت آبکش‌های تزئینی در حال فراموشی است.

The art of coppersmithing and making decorative colanders is being forgotten.

Progressive passive voice.

در این جستار، نویسنده ذهن مدرن را به آبکشی تشبیه می‌کند که قادر به حفظ میراث فرهنگی نیست.

In this essay, the author likens the modern mind to a colander that is unable to preserve cultural heritage.

Academic register and complex metaphor.

توالیِ منطقیِ استدلال‌های وی، با اندک تأملی، همچون آبکشی از هم می‌پاشد.

The logical sequence of his arguments, upon slight reflection, falls apart like a colander.

Sophisticated literary structure.

واژه‌گزینیِ دقیق برای ابزارهای روزمره همچون آبکش، نشان‌دهنده غنای زبانی یک تمدن است.

Precise word selection for everyday tools like the colander indicates the linguistic richness of a civilization.

Philosophical observation on linguistics.

او در خاطراتش می‌نویسد که صدای برخورد برنج با آبکش مسی، موسیقی متن کودکی‌اش بوده است.

He writes in his memoirs that the sound of rice hitting the copper colander was the soundtrack of his childhood.

Evocative, poetic prose.

نظام مالیاتی کشور به چنان آبکشی بدل گشته که ثروت‌های کلان به راحتی از آن عبور می‌کنند.

The country's tax system has turned into such a colander that massive fortunes pass through it easily.

Political/Economic critique.

استحاله معنایی 'آبکش' از یک ابزار آشپزخانه به یک استعاره سیاسی، پدیده‌ای درخور توجه است.

The semantic transformation of 'Abkesh' from a kitchen tool to a political metaphor is a phenomenon worthy of attention.

Highly formal academic language.

اگرچه ابزارها تغییر کرده‌اند، اما جوهره عمل 'آبکش کردن' در فرهنگ ایرانی ثابت مانده است.

Although the tools have changed, the essence of the act of 'straining' has remained constant in Iranian culture.

Concessive clause with 'اگرچه'.

وی با دقتی میکروسکوپی، تفاوت‌های ساختاری آبکش‌های دوران صفوی و قاجار را بررسی کرد.

With microscopic precision, he examined the structural differences of colanders from the Safavid and Qajar eras.

Detailed historical/technical description.

常见搭配

آبکش کردن برنج

آبکش استیل

آبکش پلاستیکی

سوراخ‌های آبکش

آبکش بزرگ

ست آبکش

آبکش مسی

آبکش دسته دار

شستن آبکش

آبکش صنعتی

常用短语

برنج آبکشی

— Rice prepared by boiling and straining.

من برنج آبکشی را بیشتر دوست دارم.

آبکش را دم دست بگذار

— Keep the colander handy.

وقتی آشپزی می‌کنی، آبکش را دم دست بگذار.

آبکش را تکان بده

— Shake the colander (to remove excess water).

بعد از شستن کاهو، آبکش را تکان بده.

آبکش کردن ماکارونی

— Straining pasta.

ماکارونی را بعد از ده دقیقه آبکش کن.

آبکش سوراخ ریز

— Fine-hole colander.

برای شستن کنجد از آبکش سوراخ ریز استفاده کن.

آبکش سوراخ درشت

— Large-hole colander.

این آبکش سوراخ درشت برای میوه خوب است.

آبکش پایه دار

— Colander with a base/stand.

آبکش پایه دار در سینک ثابت می‌ماند.

آبکش کردن میوه

— Rinsing/draining fruit.

میوه‌ها را بعد از شستن آبکش کن.

آبکش را وارونه بذار

— Put the colander upside down (to dry).

آبکش را وارونه بذار تا خشک شود.

آبکش کردن سبزی

— Straining herbs/greens.

سبزی‌ها را در آبکش بریز تا آبشان برود.

容易混淆的词

آبکش vs صافی (Safi)

Safi is for liquids/fine particles; Abkesh is for large solids/rice.

آبکش vs غربال (Gharbal)

Gharbal is a sieve for dry goods like sand or grain.

آبکش vs الک (Alak)

Alak is specifically for sifting flour.

习语与表达

"مغزش مثل آبکش است"

— He/she is very forgetful; information doesn't stay in their head.

هر چه به او می‌گویم یادش می‌رود، مغزش مثل آبکش است.

Informal

"دفاع آبکشی"

— A very weak defense (usually in sports) that lets everything through.

تیم حریف دفاع آبکشی داشت و ما راحت گل زدیم.

Slang/Sports

"مثل آبکش سوراخ سوراخ شدن"

— To be riddled with holes (literally or figuratively).

بدنه ماشین در تصادف مثل آبکش سوراخ سوراخ شد.

Informal

"آبکش به کفگیر می‌گوید تو دو سوراخ داری"

— The pot calling the kettle black (literally: the colander telling the slotted spoon you have two holes).

خودش هم گناهکار است اما از دیگران انتقاد می‌کند؛ آبکش به کفگیر می‌گوید تو دو سوراخ داری!

Proverbial

"حافظه آبکشی"

— A memory like a sieve.

با این حافظه آبکشی، حتماً کلیدها را جا می‌گذارم.

Informal

"آبکش کردن (Metaphorical)"

— To thoroughly filter or scrutinize something.

پلیس تمام منطقه را آبکش کرد تا مجرم را پیدا کند.

Slang

"دلش مثل آبکش است"

— Someone who gets emotional or hurt very easily.

خیلی حساس است، دلش مثل آبکش می‌ماند.

Informal

"طرح آبکشی"

— A plan full of flaws.

این یک طرح آبکشی است و شکست می‌خورد.

Informal

"آبکش شدن"

— To be completely exhausted or 'drained'.

بعد از تمرین امروز واقعاً آبکش شدم.

Slang

"مثل آبکش ریختن"

— To pour out in great quantities through many points.

باران مثل آبکش از سقف می‌ریخت.

Informal

容易混淆

آبکش vs کش (Kesh)

It's a component of the word.

Kesh means rubber band or the act of pulling; Abkesh is the tool.

کش شلوارم پاره شد.

آبکش vs آب‌چکان (Ab-chakan)

Both involve water and kitchens.

Ab-chakan is the dish drying rack; Abkesh is the colander.

بشقاب‌ها را در آب‌چکان بگذار.

آبکش vs قابلمه (Ghablameh)

Used together in cooking.

Ghablameh is the pot; Abkesh is the strainer.

برنج در قابلمه می‌جوشد.

آبکش vs کفگیر (Kafgir)

Both have holes and are used with rice.

Kafgir is a spoon; Abkesh is a bowl.

با کفگیر برنج را بکش.

آبکش vs قیف (Ghif)

Kitchen vessels for liquid.

Ghif is a funnel; Abkesh is a strainer.

روغن را با قیف در بطری بریز.

句型

این [اسم] است.

این آبکش است.

[اسم] را آبکش کن.

برنج را آبکش کن.

اگر [جمله]، [اسم] را آبکش می‌کنم.

اگر برنج پخت، آن را آبکش می‌کنم.

[اسم] مثل آبکش [صفت] است.

حافظه‌اش مثل آبکش سوراخ است.

با استفاده از [اسم]، می‌توان [فعل].

با استفاده از آبکش، می‌توان آب اضافی را گرفت.

استحاله [اسم] به [مفهوم]...

استحاله آبکش به یک نماد فرهنگی...

باید [اسم] را در [اسم] بریزی.

باید ماکارونی را در آبکش بریزی.

من [صفت] [اسم] دارم.

من دوتا آبکش دارم.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Very common in daily life and culinary contexts.

常见错误

Using 'Abkesh' for a tea strainer. → Safi-ye Chay (صافی چای)
Abkesh is too large; its holes won't catch tea leaves.
Saying 'Man berenj ra abkesh' (omitting kardan). → Man berenj ra abkesh kardam.
Persian requires a helper verb to turn the noun into an action.
Confusing 'Abkesh' with 'Gharbal'. → Abkesh for rice, Gharbal for sand/flour.
They are used in different domains (kitchen vs. construction/agriculture).
Misspelling with 'Alef' instead of 'Alef-ba-kolah'. → آبکش (with آ)
The initial 'ā' sound in Persian always starts with 'آ' at the beginning of a word.
Pronouncing it as 'Ab-kash'. → Ab-kesh
The second syllable uses the 'e' sound (like 'mesh'), not 'a'.

小贴士

Rice Timing

Always have your Abkesh ready in the sink before the rice finishes boiling; seconds matter!

Verb Usage

Remember that 'Abkesh' is the noun, but 'Abkesh kardan' is the action. Don't just say 'Man berenj ra abkesh'.

Buy Steel

For longevity, buy a 'stainless steel' (steel-e zang nazan) Abkesh rather than plastic.

Humility

Remember the idiom 'Abkesh be kafgir migeh...' to remind yourself not to criticize others for your own flaws.

Avoid Clogs

Rinse your Abkesh immediately after straining rice to prevent starch from drying in the holes.

Stacking

Abkeshs are usually sold in sets because they nest perfectly inside each other to save space.

Steam Burns

When pouring boiling water into an Abkesh, turn your face away to avoid the steam.

Gift Giving

A high-quality Abkesh set is a practical and appreciated gift for someone moving into a new home.

Forgetfulness

If you forget your homework, you can jokingly tell your teacher 'Maghzam mesle abkeshe' (My brain is like a colander).

Root Learning

Learn the root 'Kesh' to help you understand dozens of other Persian tools and actions.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'AB' (water) and 'CASH' (but with a K). You are 'pulling' (Kesh) the 'Ab' away to get the 'Cash' (the precious rice).

视觉联想

Imagine a giant bowl with a thousand eyes (the holes) crying 'Ab' (water) because the rice is leaving.

Word Web

آشپزخانه برنج سوراخ شستن استیل ماکارونی صافی آب

挑战

Go to your kitchen, find your colander, and say out loud three times: 'این آبکش من است' (This is my colander).

词源

A Persian compound word. 'آب' (Ab) from Middle Persian 'āp', meaning water. 'کش' (Kesh) from the present stem of 'keshidan' (to pull/draw), from Middle Persian 'kašīdan'.

原始含义： A device that draws or pulls water away from food.

Indo-European (Indo-Iranian branch).

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral household term.

While English speakers use 'colander' for pasta, Iranians use 'Abkesh' primarily for rice, which is the heart of their diet.

Mentioned in classical Persian cookbooks like 'Karnameh' by Haji Mohammad Ali Belurchi. Appears in modern Iranian cinema to depict domestic life.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Cooking Rice

برنج را آبکش کن
آبکش بزرگ کجاست؟
برنج از آبکش نریزد
آبکش را تکان بده

Washing Vegetables

سبزی را در آبکش بشور
بگذار آبش برود
آبکش را توی سینک بذار
میوه‌ها را آبکش کن

Shopping

آبکش استیل می‌خواهم
قیمت این آبکش چقدر است؟
آیا ست آبکش دارید؟
آبکش پلاستیکی بهتر است

Metaphorical/Slang

مغزش آبکشه
دفاع تیم آبکش بود
نقشه مثل آبکش سوراخ است
حافظه آبکشی دارد

Cleaning

آبکش را با اسکاج بشور
سوراخ‌هایش را تمیز کن
آبکش را خشک کن
آبکش را سر جایش بذار

对话开场白

"آیا شما برای پختن برنج همیشه از آبکش استفاده می‌کنید؟"

"به نظر شما آبکش استیل بهتر است یا پلاستیکی؟"

"در فرهنگ شما، از چه وسیله‌ای شبیه آبکش استفاده می‌شود؟"

"آیا تا به حال سعی کرده‌اید بدون آبکش برنج بپزید؟"

"چرا در ایران آبکش کردن برنج اینقدر مهم است؟"

日记主题

امروز در آشپزخانه چه کارهایی با آبکش انجام دادید؟

تفاوت بین برنج آبکشی و برنج کته را از نظر خودتان بنویسید.

یک خاطره خنده‌دار در مورد آشپزی و استفاده از آبکش بنویسید.

اگر بخواهید یک آبکش ایده‌آل طراحی کنید، چه ویژگی‌هایی خواهد داشت؟

چرا اصطلاح 'مغز آبکشی' برای توصیف فراموشکاری به کار می‌رود؟

常见问题

10 个问题

Abkesh is a large bowl-shaped colander with holes, used mainly for rice and pasta. Safi is a general term for any strainer, often smaller or made of mesh, used for tea or filtering liquids.

No, an Abkesh has holes that are too large for flour. You should use an 'Alak' (sifter) for flour.

No, 'Kateh' is a method where the water is fully absorbed. Abkesh is only used for the 'Abkeshi' method where the rice is parboiled and then drained.

They are commonly made of stainless steel, aluminum, plastic, and occasionally copper for traditional use.

You use the compound verb 'آبکش کردن' (Abkesh kardan).

Yes, it often refers to a poor memory ('memory like a sieve') or something full of holes and flaws.

Use a sponge and soap. If the holes are clogged with rice, let it soak in water first.

The plural is 'آبکش‌ها' (Abkesh-hā).

They come in many sizes, from small ones for berries to huge ones used in religious ceremonies for hundreds of people.

It comes from 'Ab' (water) and 'Kesh' (from keshidan, to pull), because it 'pulls' the water away from the food.

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