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B1 noun 7分钟阅读

چشم انداز

cheshm andaz
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示 چشم انداز 30秒了解
解析 چشم انداز in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'Cheshm-andaz' as a fancy word for 'view' or 'what you see.' Imagine you are standing on a balcony and looking at the sea. That big, beautiful picture of the water and the sky is the 'Cheshm-andaz.' You don't need to use it in complex business sentences yet. Just remember it as 'view.' For example, 'The view is good' would be 'Cheshm-andaz khub ast.' It is made of two parts: 'Cheshm' (eye) and 'Andaz' (to throw). So, it's like where you throw your eyes to look. Even at this level, knowing this word makes you sound more advanced than just using the word for 'window' or 'see.' Use it when you are talking about your house or a park. It is a masculine noun and usually stays at the end of simple descriptive sentences. Focus on the physical meaning first.
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At the A2 level, you start to see 'Cheshm-andaz' in descriptions of travel and nature. You can use it to describe a trip you took to the mountains or the beach. You should start pairing it with simple adjectives like 'ziba' (beautiful), 'bozorg' (big), or 'ghashang' (pretty). You will also notice it in real estate ads or when people talk about their apartments. At this level, you should be able to say things like 'My house has a mountain view.' You are moving beyond just 'seeing' to describing the 'outlook' of a place. It is also a good time to learn that this word is more formal than 'Manzareh' (scenery). If you want to impress someone with your Persian, use 'Cheshm-andaz' instead of 'Manzareh' when talking about a wide, impressive vista. Remember the 'Ezafe' sound: 'Cheshm-andaz-e...' when you add a description.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'Cheshm-andaz' in both its physical and metaphorical senses. This is the target level for this word. You should be able to discuss 'outlook' in terms of your career or the economy. For example, 'What is the outlook for your job?' or 'The economic outlook of the country is changing.' You will encounter this word in news articles and blog posts about social trends. You should also understand its role in compound phrases like 'Cheshm-andaz-e roshan' (bright outlook). This is a very common expression for optimism. At B1, you start to see the word in professional contexts, such as a 'Vision Statement' for a small business. You should be able to distinguish between a simple 'view' and a 'strategic outlook.' You might use it in a journal entry about your goals for the next year, describing your personal 'Cheshm-andaz' for your life.
At the B2 level, you should use 'Cheshm-andaz' fluently in discussions about complex topics like urban planning, environmental forecasts, and political strategies. You will see it in official documents, such as Iran's '20-Year Vision Document.' You should be comfortable using the word to describe the 'scope' or 'landscape' of an intellectual field or a historical period. For instance, 'The literary landscape of the 20th century.' At this level, you should be able to use it with more advanced verbs like 'tarsim kardan' (to sketch/delineate) or 'tabyin kardan' (to explain/clarify). You should also be aware of its nuances compared to synonyms like 'dour-nama' or 'ofogh.' In a debate or a formal essay, 'Cheshm-andaz' becomes a tool to talk about potentiality and long-term consequences. You will also notice it in higher-level literature and poetry where it represents the breadth of human experience.
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At the C1 level, 'Cheshm-andaz' is a nuanced tool for sophisticated analysis. You use it to describe the 'paradigm' or the 'overarching vision' of a movement or a philosophy. You will encounter it in academic journals, high-level political analysis, and philosophical texts. At this level, you understand that 'Cheshm-andaz' can imply a specific perspective that shapes how everything else is perceived. You might use it to critique a policy by saying its 'Cheshm-andaz' is too narrow. You will also find it in classical-style modern poetry where it takes on a more metaphysical meaning, representing the limit of human understanding or the vastness of the divine. Your usage should be precise, distinguishing between the 'immediate outlook' and the 'strategic vision.' You can also use it in the plural to describe multiple potential scenarios in a strategic forecast.
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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'Cheshm-andaz' in all its rhetorical and literary glory. You can use it to construct powerful metaphors in speeches or creative writing. You understand its etymological roots deeply and can play with the concept of 'casting the eye' in a poetic sense. In professional high-stakes environments, you use it to define the 'strategic horizon' of an organization. You can analyze the 'Cheshm-andaz' of different civilizations or historical epochs with ease. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a conceptual framework. You might use it to discuss the 'epistemological landscape' of a theory. Your ability to use it includes knowing when *not* to use it, choosing instead more archaic or highly specialized synonyms to achieve a specific tone. You are comfortable with its usage in the most formal state-level documents and the most avant-garde literary works.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

چشم انداز 30秒了解

  • Cheshm-andaz means a wide view or landscape. It comes from 'cheshm' (eye) and 'andaz' (casting). It is used for both physical vistas and future outlooks.
  • This word is common in news, travel, and business. It is more formal than 'manzareh' and implies a larger scale of vision or time.
  • In business, it translates to 'Vision' or 'Prospect.' In nature, it means 'Vista' or 'Panorama.' It is a key word for B1 learners.
  • Common collocations include 'roshan' (bright), 'ziba' (beautiful), and 'estratezhik' (strategic). It describes what lies ahead, either in space or time.

The Persian word چشم انداز (Cheshm-andaz) is a evocative compound noun that translates literally to "eye-casting" or "where the eye is thrown." In its most literal sense, it refers to a wide, expansive view of a landscape, such as the vista from a mountain top or a high-rise balcony. However, its usage extends far beyond physical geography. In modern Persian, it is the standard term for an 'outlook,' 'prospect,' or 'vision' regarding the future. Whether you are discussing a country's economic outlook, a company's twenty-year vision, or your own career prospects, this is the word you will encounter.

Literal Meaning
A physical landscape or vista that one can see from a specific vantage point.
Figurative Meaning
The prospects or future possibilities of a situation, project, or individual.

از بالای این کوه، چشم انداز شهر بسیار زیباست.

Translation: From the top of this mountain, the landscape of the city is very beautiful.

In business and political contexts, you will often hear about 'Sand-e Cheshm-andaz' (Vision Document). This refers to a strategic roadmap. For example, 'Cheshm-andaz-e Bist Saleh' (The 20-Year Vision) is a well-known political term in Iran. It implies looking far into the horizon to plan for what is ahead. It differs from a simple 'view' (manzareh) because it carries a sense of scale and duration. While a 'manzareh' might be a pretty garden view, a 'cheshm-andaz' is the entire valley stretching out before you.

ما باید چشم انداز روشنی برای آینده خود داشته باشیم.

Translation: We must have a clear outlook for our future.

این هتل دارای چشم انداز رو به دریا است.

Translation: This hotel has a landscape facing the sea.

چشم انداز اقتصادی کشور در حال بهبود است.

Translation: The country's economic outlook is improving.
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Used in both formal (academic/business) and poetic/descriptive contexts.

Using 'Cheshm-andaz' correctly requires understanding whether you are describing a physical space or a temporal concept. In Persian grammar, it functions as a simple noun and can be modified by adjectives like 'ziba' (beautiful), 'roshan' (bright/clear), or 'tireh' (dark/gloomy).

Physical Context
Use it with verbs like 'dashtan' (to have) or 'tamasha kardan' (to watch/behold).

پنجره اتاق من چشم انداز زیبایی به باغ دارد.

Translation: My room window has a beautiful outlook onto the garden.

When moving into professional or abstract realms, 'Cheshm-andaz' often appears in phrases concerning development and planning. It is frequently paired with 'tarsim kardan' (to draw/sketch) when referring to creating a vision for a project.

مدیر عامل چشم انداز جدید شرکت را ترسیم کرد.

Translation: The CEO sketched out the company's new vision.

Another common usage is in the phrase 'dar cheshm-andaz' meaning 'on the horizon' or 'in sight.' This is used when something is expected to happen soon or is within the realm of possibility.

هیچ راه حلی در چشم انداز دیده نمی‌شود.

Translation: No solution is seen on the horizon.
Collocation
'Cheshm-andaz-e roshan' (Bright outlook) is one of the most common pairings in Persian.

با تلاش زیاد، چشم انداز موفقیت نزدیک است.

Translation: With much effort, the prospect of success is near.

You will encounter 'Cheshm-andaz' in a variety of real-world scenarios. In Iran, the evening news often features segments on the 'Cheshm-andaz-e Eghtesadi' (Economic Outlook), discussing inflation, growth, and market trends. If you are watching a travel documentary about the Alborz mountains or the deserts of Yazd, the narrator will inevitably use this word to describe the breathtaking vistas.

In the Media
Used to discuss long-term goals, political strategies, and environmental forecasts.

اخبار از چشم انداز مثبت بازار بورس خبر داد.

Translation: The news reported a positive outlook for the stock market.

In academia and literature, 'Cheshm-andaz' is used to define the scope of a study or the 'intellectual landscape' of an era. For instance, a professor might talk about the 'Cheshm-andaz-e Adabi-ye Doreh-ye Safavi' (The literary landscape of the Safavid period). It suggests a comprehensive view that encompasses many elements.

این کتاب چشم انداز جدیدی به تاریخ هنر می‌گشاید.

Translation: This book opens a new perspective/landscape to the history of art.

In everyday conversation, if someone is describing their dream home, they might say: 'I want a house with a cheshm-andaz of the forest.' It sounds more romantic and grand than simply saying 'I want to see the forest.' It implies a panoramic, soul-stirring view.

او همیشه به چشم اندازهای بزرگ فکر می‌کند.

Translation: He always thinks about big vistas (ambitious future prospects).
In Poetry
Modern poets use it to describe the mental horizon or the vastness of human emotion.

One of the most common mistakes for learners is confusing 'Cheshm-andaz' with 'Manzareh' (View/Scenery) or 'Didgah' (Viewpoint/Opinion). While they are related, they are not always interchangeable. 'Manzareh' is strictly physical and often refers to something small or specific, like a garden or a painting. 'Cheshm-andaz' is broader and can be metaphorical.

Cheshm-andaz vs. Didgah
'Didgah' is for opinions. Don't say 'From my cheshm-andaz, this is wrong.' Say 'Az didgah-e man...'

غلط: از چشم انداز من این کار اشتباه است.

Translation: Incorrect: From my landscape, this is wrong. (Use 'didgah' for opinion).

Another mistake is using 'Cheshm-andaz' to mean 'eyesight.' The word for eyesight is 'binayi' or 'cheshm.' 'Cheshm-andaz' is the *thing* being seen, not the *ability* to see. Also, be careful with the plural form 'Cheshm-andaz-ha.' While grammatically correct, it is less common than the singular form when referring to a general outlook.

درست: چشم انداز این طرح بسیار وسیع است.

Translation: Correct: The outlook of this plan is very vast.

Learners also sometimes forget the 'Ezafe' (the linking -e sound) when connecting it to an adjective. It is 'Cheshm-andaz-e ziba' not 'Cheshm-andaz ziba.' Finally, don't confuse it with 'Dour-bin' (binoculars), although both involve 'throwing' the eye or looking far.

Common Confusion
Confusing it with 'Ofogh' (Horizon). While related, the horizon is the line, while 'Cheshm-andaz' is the whole view.

ما به دنبال یک چشم انداز مشترک هستیم.

Translation: We are looking for a common vision/outlook.

Persian is rich with words related to seeing and views. Understanding the nuances between 'Cheshm-andaz' and its synonyms will elevate your fluency. 'Manzareh' is the most common synonym, but it is often more static and localized. 'Dour-nama' (distant-view) is a beautiful, slightly more poetic term that specifically emphasizes the distance of the vista.

Comparison: Manzareh
Manzareh is 'scenery.' You use it for a park or a painting. Cheshm-andaz is 'landscape' or 'outlook,' implying a larger scale.
Comparison: Ofogh
Ofogh is the 'horizon.' It is the line where the earth meets the sky. Cheshm-andaz includes everything from your feet to that line.

دورنمای کوهستان در مه پنهان شده بود.

Translation: The distant view (Dour-nama) of the mountains was hidden in the fog.

In business contexts, 'Aayandeh-negari' (future-viewing/foresight) is a more technical alternative to 'Cheshm-andaz.' While 'Cheshm-andaz' is the 'vision' itself, 'Aayandeh-negari' is the act of looking forward. 'Did' (Sight/View) is also used informally, as in 'In khuneh didesh khube' (This house has a good view).

این منطقه منظرههای طبیعی بکری دارد.

Translation: This region has pristine natural scenery (Manzareh).

Finally, 'Namazadeh' (View/Facade) is used in architecture to refer to the front of a building. Don't confuse it with 'Cheshm-andaz,' which is what you see *from* the building, not the building itself. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to sound casual, professional, or poetic.

Summary of Choice
Use 'Cheshm-andaz' for grand vistas, strategic visions, and long-term outlooks.

او به افقهای دور خیره شده بود.

Translation: He was staring at the distant horizons (Ofogh).

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'andaz' is also found in 'tir-andaz' (archer/arrow-thrower) and 'gol-andaz' (flower-thrower). It implies an active projection.

发音指南

UK /tʃeʃm.æn.dɒːz/
US /tʃeʃm.æn.dɒːz/
The primary stress is on the last syllable '-daz'.
押韵词
انداز (andaz) پرواز (parvaz) ساز (saz) آواز (avaz) نیاز (niyaz) راز (raz) دراز (deraz) سرافراز (sarafraz)
常见错误
  • Pronouncing 'andaz' as 'andaz' with a short 'a' like 'cat'. It should be a long 'ah' sound.
  • Merging the 'm' and 'a' too quickly. It is cheshm-andaz.
  • Forgetting the 'sh' sound in cheshm.
  • Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
  • Thinking it is two separate words without the Ezafe in speech.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts once the compound parts are known.

写作 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 'cheshm' and 'andaz' and proper Ezafe usage.

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires the long 'a' sound.

听力 3/5

Commonly heard in news and formal speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

چشم (eye) دیدن (to see) زیبا (beautiful) آینده (future) کوه (mountain)

接下来学习

استراتژی (strategy) توسعه (development) افق (horizon) دورنما (vista) بصیرت (insight)

高级

معرفت‌شناسی (epistemology) ژئوپلیتیک (geopolitics) آینده‌پژوهی (futures studies) پارادایم (paradigm)

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

چشم اندازِ کوه (The view of the mountain)

Compound Noun Formation

چشم + انداز = چشم‌انداز

Indefinite 'i'

چشم اندازی زیبا (A beautiful view)

Pluralization with 'ha'

چشم اندازها (The views/outlooks)

Prepositional Phrases

چشم اندازی به سمتِ دریا (A view towards the sea)

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按水平分级的例句

1

چشم انداز کوه زیبا است.

The mountain view is beautiful.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb 'is'.

2

این اتاق چشم انداز دارد.

This room has a view.

Using 'dashtan' (to have) with 'cheshm-andaz'.

3

چشم انداز دریا را دوست دارم.

I like the sea view.

Direct object with 'ra'.

4

یک چشم انداز بزرگ ببین.

See a big landscape.

Imperative 'bebin' (see).

5

چشم انداز اینجا خوب نیست.

The view here is not good.

Negative 'nist' (is not).

6

چشم انداز شهر در شب.

The city landscape at night.

Noun phrase with Ezafe.

7

ما چشم انداز را دیدیم.

We saw the landscape.

Past tense 'didim'.

8

کدام چشم انداز بهتر است؟

Which view is better?

Interrogative 'kodam' (which).

1

هتل ما چشم انداز رو به جنگل داشت.

Our hotel had a view facing the forest.

Compound preposition 'ru be' (facing).

2

او یک چشم انداز زیبا از پنجره دید.

He saw a beautiful view from the window.

Indefinite 'yek' and adjective.

3

چشم اندازهای این جاده عالی هستند.

The views of this road are excellent.

Plural 'ha' + 'hastand'.

4

من چشم انداز کویر را ترجیح می‌دهم.

I prefer the desert landscape.

Present tense 'tarjih midaham'.

5

آیا این آپارتمان چشم انداز ابدی دارد؟

Does this apartment have an eternal (unobstructed) view?

Question with 'aya'.

6

چشم انداز روستا بسیار آرام است.

The village landscape is very peaceful.

Adverb 'besyar' (very).

7

ما برای دیدن چشم انداز به پشت بام رفتیم.

We went to the roof to see the view.

Purpose clause with 'baraye'.

8

چشم انداز باغ در بهار بی نظیر است.

The garden view in spring is unique.

Compound adjective 'bi-nazir'.

1

چشم انداز شغلی او در این شرکت روشن است.

Her career outlook in this company is bright.

Metaphorical use of 'roshan' (bright).

2

ما نیاز به یک چشم انداز جدید برای زندگی داریم.

We need a new vision for life.

Abstract usage of 'vision'.

3

چشم انداز اقتصادی جهان در حال تغییر است.

The world's economic outlook is changing.

Progressive tense 'dar hal-e taghyir'.

4

این پروژه چشم اندازهای بزرگی دارد.

This project has great prospects.

Plural for 'prospects'.

5

او چشم انداز وسیعی از تاریخ دارد.

He has a broad perspective of history.

Adjective 'vasia' (vast/broad).

6

چشم اندازهای سیاسی منطقه پیچیده هستند.

The political outlooks of the region are complex.

Adjective 'pichideh' (complex).

7

بدون چشم انداز، هیچ موفقیتی حاصل نمی‌شود.

Without a vision, no success is achieved.

Preposition 'bedun-e' (without).

8

چشم انداز آینده برای جوانان مهم است.

The outlook of the future is important for youth.

Dative 'baraye' (for).

1

دولت سند چشم انداز بیست ساله را منتشر کرد.

The government published the 20-year vision document.

Specific terminology: 'Sand-e Cheshm-andaz'.

2

چشم انداز استراتژیک شرکت باید بازنگری شود.

The company's strategic outlook must be revised.

Passive voice 'bayad baznegari shavad'.

3

این نویسنده چشم انداز متفاوتی از جامعه ارائه می‌دهد.

This author presents a different perspective of society.

Verb 'araye dadan' (to present).

4

تغییرات اقلیمی چشم انداز زیست محیطی را تهدید می‌کند.

Climate change threatens the environmental outlook.

Subject-verb agreement with 'tahdid kardan'.

5

او با نگاهی به چشم انداز دور، تصمیم گرفت.

He made a decision with an eye on the distant horizon.

Gerund-like construction 'ba negahi be'.

6

چشم انداز توسعه شهری نیازمند منابع مالی است.

The urban development outlook requires financial resources.

Compound noun 'tose-e shahri'.

7

هنرمند چشم اندازهای انتزاعی را در آثارش خلق می‌کند.

The artist creates abstract landscapes in his works.

Plural object with adjective.

8

چشم انداز صلح در منطقه هنوز تیره است.

The prospect of peace in the region is still dark/gloomy.

Adjective 'tireh' for pessimistic outlook.

1

چشم انداز معرفت شناختی این نظریه بسیار عمیق است.

The epistemological landscape of this theory is very deep.

Advanced academic vocabulary.

2

ما باید چشم اندازهای متعددی را برای حل این بحران در نظر بگیریم.

We must consider multiple perspectives/outlooks to solve this crisis.

Verb 'dar nazar gereftan' (to consider).

3

چشم انداز فرهنگی ایران در دوران معاصر دستخوش تحول شده است.

The cultural landscape of Iran has undergone transformation in the contemporary era.

Idiomatic 'dastkhosh-e tahavol shodan'.

4

او در کتاب خود، چشم انداز وسیعی از تمدن‌های بشری ترسیم می‌کند.

In his book, he sketches a vast panorama of human civilizations.

Literary verb 'tarsim kardan'.

5

چشم اندازهای تکنولوژیک، مرزهای اخلاق را به چالش می‌کشند.

Technological vistas challenge the boundaries of ethics.

Verb 'be chalesh keshidan' (to challenge).

6

این سیاست، چشم انداز روشنی برای عدالت اجتماعی فراهم نمی‌کند.

This policy does not provide a clear outlook for social justice.

Negative present tense.

7

چشم انداز بلندمدت سرمایه گذاری در این بخش سودآور است.

The long-term outlook for investment in this sector is profitable.

Compound adjective 'boland-modat'.

8

او با بصیرت خود، چشم انداز جدیدی به روی ما گشود.

With his insight, he opened a new vista/horizon to us.

Metaphorical 'goshudan' (to open).

1

چشم انداز هستی شناختی شاعر در این غزل تجلی یافته است.

The poet's ontological outlook is manifested in this ghazal.

Highly formal/philosophical register.

2

تحلیل گران در پی تبیین چشم اندازهای ژئوپلیتیک جدید هستند.

Analysts are seeking to clarify the new geopolitical outlooks.

Gerund 'dar pey-e tabyin' (seeking to clarify).

3

چشم انداز فراروی ما، مستلزم تصمیمی شجاعانه و خردمندانه است.

The vista before us necessitates a brave and wise decision.

Formal adjective 'fararu' (ahead/before).

4

در این اثر، چشم اندازهای اساطیری با واقعیت‌های مدرن گره خورده‌اند.

In this work, mythological vistas are intertwined with modern realities.

Passive 'gereh khorde-and' (intertwined).

5

چشم اندازهای کلان اقتصادی باید با عدالت ساختاری همسو باشند.

Macro-economic outlooks must be aligned with structural justice.

Adjective 'ham-su' (aligned).

6

او چشم اندازهای معرفتی خود را بر پایه خردگرایی بنا نهاده است.

He has built his epistemic vistas on the foundation of rationalism.

Verb 'bana nehadan' (to build/found).

7

چشم اندازهای تیره و تار جنگ، افق‌های امید را پوشانده است.

The dark and gloomy vistas of war have covered the horizons of hope.

Poetic 'tireh o tar' (dark and gloomy).

8

بازتعریف چشم اندازهای هویتی، ضرورتی در جهان جهانی شده است.

Redefining identity outlooks is a necessity in a globalized world.

Verbal noun 'baz-ta'rif' (redefinition).

常见搭配

چشم انداز روشن
چشم انداز استراتژیک
چشم انداز رو به دریا
سند چشم انداز
چشم انداز اقتصادی
چشم انداز ابدی
چشم انداز وسیع
ترسیم چشم انداز
چشم انداز تیره
چشم انداز جهانی

常用短语

در چشم انداز بودن

— To be on the horizon or likely to happen soon.

تغییرات بزرگی در چشم انداز است.

چشم انداز کوتاه مدت

— Short-term outlook or perspective.

چشم انداز کوتاه مدت ما افزایش فروش است.

چشم انداز بلند مدت

— Long-term vision or outlook.

باید به چشم انداز بلند مدت فکر کنیم.

فاقد چشم انداز

— Lacking vision or a clear future path.

این طرح فاقد چشم انداز است.

چشم انداز مشترک

— A shared vision among a group.

ما برای رسیدن به چشم انداز مشترک تلاش می‌کنیم.

تغییر چشم انداز

— Changing one's perspective or the outlook of a situation.

سفر چشم انداز او را به زندگی تغییر داد.

چشم انداز خیره کننده

— A stunning or breathtaking vista.

قله کوه چشم انداز خیره کننده‌ای داشت.

چشم انداز شغلی

— Career prospects or professional outlook.

چشم انداز شغلی در این رشته عالی است.

چشم انداز سیاسی

— Political landscape or outlook.

چشم انداز سیاسی کشور در حال تحول است.

چشم انداز فرهنگی

— Cultural landscape or perspective.

این موزه چشم انداز فرهنگی شهر را غنی می‌کند.

容易混淆的词

چشم انداز vs منظره (Manzareh)

Manzareh is more common for small views; Cheshm-andaz is for vast vistas or future visions.

چشم انداز vs دیدگاه (Didgah)

Didgah is for opinions; Cheshm-andaz is for the landscape or outlook of a situation.

چشم انداز vs افق (Ofogh)

Ofogh is the horizon line; Cheshm-andaz is the entire view including the horizon.

习语与表达

"چشم انداز روشنی داشتن"

— To be optimistic about the future.

او همیشه چشم انداز روشنی به زندگی دارد.

Neutral
"در چشم انداز دیده شدن"

— To be in sight or expected to occur.

پایان جنگ در چشم انداز دیده نمی‌شود.

Formal
"چشم انداز را تیره کردن"

— To make the outlook look grim or pessimistic.

اخبار بد چشم انداز بازار را تیره کرد.

Neutral
"وسعت چشم انداز"

— The breadth of one's vision or perspective.

وسعت چشم انداز او همه را متعجب کرد.

Literary
"چشم انداز ابدی"

— A view that will never be blocked (real estate term).

این ویلا چشم انداز ابدی دارد.

Informal/Commercial
"ترسیم چشم انداز"

— To plan for the future with detail.

رهبران در حال ترسیم چشم انداز صلح هستند.

Formal
"چشم انداز فراگیر"

— A comprehensive or all-encompassing vision.

ما به یک چشم انداز فراگیر نیاز داریم.

Academic
"چشم انداز محدود"

— A narrow or limited perspective.

او چشم انداز محدودی به مسائل دارد.

Neutral
"در افق چشم انداز"

— In the distant future or scope of sight.

در افق چشم انداز ما، موفقیت حتمی است.

Poetic
"تغییر بنیادین چشم انداز"

— A fundamental shift in perspective.

این اختراع چشم انداز صنعت را تغییر داد.

Formal

容易混淆

چشم انداز vs اندازه (Andazeh)

Shares the root 'andaz'.

Andazeh means 'size' or 'measure', while Cheshm-andaz means 'view'.

اندازه این اتاق بزرگ است. (The size of this room is big.)

چشم انداز vs چشم‌گیر (Cheshm-gir)

Shares the prefix 'cheshm'.

Cheshm-gir is an adjective meaning 'impressive' or 'striking'.

او پیشرفت چشم‌گیری داشت. (He had impressive progress.)

چشم انداز vs دورنما (Dour-nama)

Synonymous meaning.

Dour-nama is more poetic and specifically means 'distant view'.

دورنمای شهر در شب می‌درخشد. (The distant view of the city shines at night.)

چشم انداز vs دید (Did)

Related to seeing.

Did is informal and often refers to the visibility or view in real estate.

این ماشین دید خوبی ندارد. (This car doesn't have good visibility.)

چشم انداز vs نما (Nama)

Related to appearance.

Nama is the facade of a building or the way something looks from the outside.

نمای ساختمان مدرن است. (The building facade is modern.)

句型

A1

[Subject] [Adjective] است.

چشم انداز زیبا است.

A2

[Subject] چشم انداز دارد.

این خانه چشم انداز دارد.

B1

چشم اندازِ [Noun] [Adjective] است.

چشم انداز آینده روشن است.

B2

با توجه به چشم اندازِ [Noun]...

با توجه به چشم انداز بازار، باید صبر کرد.

C1

ترسیمِ چشم اندازی برای [Noun]...

ترسیم چشم اندازی برای توسعه فرهنگی ضروری است.

C2

چشم اندازهایِ [Adjective] در [Noun] تجلی یافته‌اند.

چشم اندازهای هستی‌شناختی در اشعار او تجلی یافته‌اند.

B1

در چشم انداز دیده شدن

موفقیت در چشم انداز دیده می‌شود.

B2

تغییر در چشم اندازِ [Noun]

تغییر در چشم انداز سیاسی منطقه مشهود است.

词族

名词

چشم (eye)
اندازه (size/measure)
انداختن (throwing - root)
پیش‌انداز (apron - unrelated but same root)

动词

انداختن (to throw)
چشم دوختن (to stare/fix eyes)
چشم پوشیدن (to overlook/ignore)

形容词

چشم‌گیر (impressive/striking)
اندازه‌گیری شده (measured)

相关

منظره (scenery)
دورنما (vista)
دیدگاه (viewpoint)
افق (horizon)
دید (sight)
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如何使用

frequency

Common in media, real estate, and professional settings.

常见错误
  • Using 'Cheshm-andaz' for personal opinions. → Use 'Didgah' or 'Nazar'.

    Cheshm-andaz refers to the outlook of a situation, not a person's subjective opinion.

  • Using it to mean 'eyesight'. → Use 'Binayi'.

    Cheshm-andaz is the view itself, not the biological ability to see.

  • Pronouncing 'andaz' with a short 'a'. → Use a long 'ah' sound.

    The 'a' in the root 'andaz' is always long in Persian.

  • Forgetting the Ezafe in compound phrases. → Cheshm-andaz-e roshan.

    Persian requires the Ezafe to link nouns and adjectives.

  • Using it for a very small view (e.g., looking at a book). → Use 'Negah' (look) or 'Did'.

    Cheshm-andaz implies a wide, expansive, or distant vista.

小贴士

Use it for Vistas

When describing a view from a high place, 'Cheshm-andaz' is the most natural word to use. It captures the scale of the scene.

Strategic Vision

In a professional setting, use 'Cheshm-andaz' to mean 'Vision Statement'. It shows high proficiency in business Persian.

Mind the Ezafe

Don't forget the short 'e' sound when adding an adjective. Say 'Cheshm-andaz-e ziba', not 'Cheshm-andaz ziba'.

Outlook vs. View

Think of 'Cheshm-andaz' as 'outlook'. It works for both seeing far away in space and seeing far away in time.

Long 'A' Sound

The 'a' in '-daz' is long, like the 'a' in 'father'. Make sure to stretch it slightly for a correct accent.

Replace Manzareh

To sound more sophisticated in your writing, try replacing the common word 'Manzareh' with 'Cheshm-andaz' when appropriate.

Apartment Hunting

When looking for a place in Iran, ask if it has 'Cheshm-andaz'. It's a key selling point for luxury apartments.

Literary Flair

In poetry, this word often implies a spiritual horizon. Use it to add a touch of depth to your creative writing.

Listen for Economics

You will hear 'Cheshm-andaz-e eghtesadi' daily on the news. It's a great way to practice hearing the word in context.

Throw your Eye

Remember: Cheshm (Eye) + Andaz (Throw). If you throw your eye far, you see the 'Cheshm-andaz'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine you are standing on a cliff and you literally 'throw' (andaz) your 'eye' (cheshm) out into the valley to see everything. That 'thrown eye' covers the 'Cheshm-andaz'.

视觉联想

Visualize a giant eye being tossed like a ball over a mountain range, seeing the whole landscape as it flies.

Word Web

Nature Future Strategy Mountain Vision Outlook Window Horizon

挑战

Try to describe the view from your favorite window using 'Cheshm-andaz' and then describe your goals for next year using the same word.

词源

A Persian compound noun. 'Cheshm' comes from Middle Persian 'čašm'. 'Andaz' is the present stem of 'andākhtan' (to throw).

原始含义： Literally 'eye-throwing'. It describes the act of casting one's gaze across a distance.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a very positive and standard word.

Similar to how 'landscape' is used in English to describe both physical land and 'the political landscape'.

Sand-e Cheshm-andaz-e Bist Saleh (Iran's 20-Year Vision Document) Cheshm-andaz-e Shahr (A common title for urban photography books) Poetic references to 'Cheshm-andaz-e del' (The landscape of the heart)

在生活中练习

真实语境

Real Estate

  • چشم انداز ابدی
  • واحد با چشم انداز دریا
  • بدون چشم انداز (blocked view)
  • بهترین چشم انداز منطقه

Business/Strategy

  • سند چشم انداز
  • چشم انداز سازمانی
  • ترسیم چشم انداز آینده
  • همسویی با چشم انداز

Tourism/Nature

  • چشم انداز کوهستانی
  • عکاسی از چشم انداز
  • زیباترین چشم اندازهای ایران
  • تماشای چشم انداز

Economics

  • چشم انداز بازار
  • چشم انداز رشد اقتصادی
  • بهبود چشم انداز مالی
  • چشم انداز منفی

Personal Growth

  • چشم انداز زندگی
  • تغییر چشم انداز شخصی
  • چشم انداز روشن برای موفقیت
  • نداشتن چشم انداز

对话开场白

"چشم انداز مورد علاقه شما در طبیعت چیست؟ (What is your favorite landscape in nature?)"

"چشم انداز شغلی خود را در پنج سال آینده چطور می‌بینید؟ (How do you see your career outlook in the next five years?)"

"آیا چشم انداز خانه برای شما مهم است؟ (Is the view of the house important to you?)"

"به نظر شما چشم انداز اقتصادی جهان رو به بهبود است؟ (In your opinion, is the world's economic outlook improving?)"

"چشم انداز این شهر از بالای برج چطور است؟ (How is the landscape of this city from the top of the tower?)"

日记主题

یک چشم انداز زیبا را که تا به حال دیده‌اید توصیف کنید. (Describe a beautiful landscape you have seen.)

چشم انداز شما برای یادگیری زبان فارسی در سال آینده چیست؟ (What is your vision for learning Persian in the next year?)

چطور یک چشم انداز منفی را به یک چشم انداز مثبت تبدیل می‌کنید؟ (How do you change a negative outlook into a positive one?)

درباره چشم انداز آرمانی خود برای جهان بنویسید. (Write about your ideal vision for the world.)

تأثیر چشم انداز محیط زندگی بر روحیه انسان را بررسی کنید. (Examine the impact of the living environment's landscape on human morale.)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it is very commonly used metaphorically to mean 'outlook' or 'vision' for the future, especially in business and politics. For example, 'economic outlook' is 'cheshm-andaz-e eghtesadi'.

While both can mean 'view,' 'Cheshm-andaz' implies a wider, more expansive vista and is often more formal. 'Manzareh' is more common for local scenery like a garden or a park.

Not directly. To express an opinion, use 'Didgah' (viewpoint) or 'Nazar' (opinion). 'Cheshm-andaz' is the landscape of the situation, not your personal thought on it.

Yes, it is common when talking about houses (real estate) or when discussing future plans and news. It is not overly academic.

It translates to 'Vision Document.' It refers to a long-term strategic plan, like Iran's 20-Year Vision Document (Sand-e Cheshm-andaz-e Bist Saleh).

Persian does not have grammatical gender, so it is neutral like all other nouns.

You add the suffix '-ha' to get 'Cheshm-andaz-ha' (views/outlooks).

There is no single verb, but common verb pairings include 'dashtan' (to have a view) and 'tarsim kardan' (to sketch a vision).

You can use it to describe a person's future prospects, e.g., 'Cheshm-andaz-e shoghli-ye u' (his career outlook).

Yes, 'Cheshm-andaz' and 'Parvaz' (flight) share the same ending and rhyme perfectly.

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自我测试 103 个问题

writing

Write a sentence describing the view from your ideal house using 'چشم انداز'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
writing

Describe your career outlook for the next five years.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Talk about the most beautiful landscape you have ever seen in 30 seconds.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
speaking

Explain why a 'Sand-e Cheshm-andaz' is important for a country.

Read this aloud:

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Listen to the audio (simulated): 'چشم انداز آینده ما روشن است.' What is bright?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
listening

Listen: 'هیچ چشم اندازی برای صلح وجود ندارد.' Is there an outlook for peace?

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

/ 103 correct

Perfect score!

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