خم شدن 30秒了解
- Kham shodan means 'to bend' or 'to lean forward' in Persian.
- It is a compound verb using 'kham' (bent) and 'shodan' (to become).
- Used for physical actions, natural movements, and metaphorical yielding.
- Commonly heard in health, sports, and respectful social contexts.
The Persian verb خم شدن (Kham shodan) is a fundamental compound verb used to describe the physical act of bending, curving, or leaning. At its core, it consists of the adjective خم (kham), meaning 'bent' or 'curved', and the auxiliary verb شدن (shodan), meaning 'to become'. Together, they literally translate to 'to become bent'. This verb is essential for describing everyday physical movements, from picking up a dropped set of keys to the anatomical movement of joints. It is a versatile term that transitions smoothly from literal physical descriptions to more abstract or metaphorical usages in literature and formal speech.
- Physical Movement
- The primary use is to describe a person or object moving into a curved or inclined position. For example, when you lean forward to tie your shoes or when a tree leans under the weight of heavy snow.
او برای برداشتن کتاب از روی زمین خم شد.
In a social context, خم شدن can describe the act of bowing. While modern Iranian culture doesn't use the deep bow as frequently as some East Asian cultures, a slight bend of the head or upper body is a common sign of respect during Ta'arof (Persian etiquette). When someone enters a room, a younger person might slightly bend forward as a gesture of deference. This social nuance is crucial for learners to understand; it’s not just about the physics of the body, but about the hierarchy and respect embedded in the movement.
- Technical Application
- In engineering or construction, the verb describes materials losing their straightness. A metal rod might bend under heat, or a wooden plank might bend over time due to moisture.
Metaphorically, the word is used in Persian poetry and literature to signify submission, humility, or the weight of age. A poet might describe a willow tree 'bending' over a stream as a sign of mourning, or an elderly person's back 'bending' under the weight of years. Understanding these layers helps a B1 learner move beyond simple translation and into the realm of cultural fluency. Whether you are in a gym class hearing an instructor say 'bend your knees' or reading a classical poem about the 'bending of the sky', this verb is your gateway to understanding structural and emotional flexibility in Persian.
قد او از پیری خم شده است.
- Yielding or Submission
- In political or social discourse, it can imply yielding to pressure. Someone might say, 'We will not bend (yield) to these demands,' using a variation of this concept.
Using خم شدن correctly requires an understanding of how compound verbs function in Persian. Since it is composed of an adjective and the verb 'to become', only the second part (شدن) conjugates. The first part (خم) remains static regardless of the tense, person, or number. This makes it relatively straightforward once you have mastered the conjugation of 'shodan'.
- Present Continuous
- To describe an action happening right now, use the present stem 'shav' with the prefix 'mi-'. For example: 'دارم خم میشوم' (I am bending down).
شاخه درخت زیر بار برف خم میشود.
When using the verb in the past tense, you use the past stem 'shod'. It is important to note the preposition that often accompanies this verb. If you are bending towards something, you use به سمتِ (be samte) or به طرفِ (be tarafe). If you are bending over something, you might use رویِ (ruye). Mastery of these prepositions will make your Persian sound much more natural.
- Imperative Form
- In a gym or medical setting, you might hear 'خم شو' (Kham sho - Bend!) or 'خم شوید' (Kham shovid - Bend [plural/formal]).
Another common structure involves using the infinitive as a noun. For example, 'خم شدن برای کمر درد بد است' (Bending is bad for back pain). Here, خم شدن acts as the subject of the sentence. This is a common pattern for B1 learners to practice, as it allows for more complex sentence structures. Furthermore, pay attention to the degree of the bend. You can add adverbs like کمی (kami - a little) or کامل (kamel - completely) before the verb to specify the action.
او کمی خم شد تا صورت بچه را ببیند.
- Conditional Sentences
- If you use it in a 'should' or 'must' context: 'باید خم شوی' (You must bend). Notice how the 'be-' prefix of the subjunctive is often dropped in compound verbs like this in spoken Persian.
Finally, consider the passive-like nature of the verb. Because it uses 'shodan', it describes a state change. If you want to describe a state of *being* bent, you would use the past participle خمیده (khamide) with the verb 'to be' (بودن). For example, 'او خمیده بود' (He was bent/hunched). Distinguishing between the action (خم شدن) and the state (خمیده بودن) is a key milestone for intermediate learners.
In everyday life in Iran or Persian-speaking communities, خم شدن pops up in surprisingly varied environments. One of the most common places is the doctor's office or a physiotherapy session. If you are visiting a specialist for back or knee pain, the doctor will almost certainly ask you to bend: 'لطفاً به جلو خم شوید' (Please bend forward). This context is purely functional and anatomical.
- Sports and Fitness
- In a yoga or Pilates class in Tehran, the instructor will use this verb constantly. 'زانوهایتان را خم کنید' (Bend your knees - transitive) or 'تا جایی که میتوانید خم شوید' (Bend as much as you can - intransitive).
در ورزش یوگا، خم شدن به جلو باعث کشش عضلات میشود.
Another frequent context is everyday chores. If you are helping someone clean or move furniture, they might say, 'مواظب باش، سقف کوتاهه، باید خم شی' (Watch out, the ceiling is low, you have to bend down). Here, the colloquial short form خم شی (kham shi) is used instead of خم شوی (kham shavi). Listening for these shortened forms is vital for understanding natural, fast-paced conversation.
- News and Media
- You might hear this in weather reports or news about natural disasters. 'دکلهای برق زیر فشار باد شدید خم شدند' (The power pylons bent under the pressure of the strong wind).
In literature and music, especially in traditional Persian 'Tasnihs' (songs), the image of a lover bending or a flower bending towards the sun is a common trope. It often symbolizes longing or the cyclical nature of life. If you watch Iranian cinema, pay attention to scenes of 'Ta'arof' at doorways; you will see the physical manifestation of this verb as people politely gesture for others to go first while slightly bowing their heads. This word is not just a verb; it's a reflection of the physical and social flexibility required in Persian life.
The most frequent mistake learners make with خم شدن is confusing it with its transitive counterpart, خم کردن (Kham kardan). This is a classic 'intransitive vs. transitive' error common in Persian compound verbs. Remember: خم شدن is something that happens to the subject (the subject bends), while خم کردن is something the subject does to an object (the subject bends something else).
- Wrong Usage
- 'من خطکش را خم شدم' (Incorrect: I bent the ruler). Since the ruler is the object, you must use 'kardan'. Correct: 'من خطکش را خم کردم'.
اشتباه متداول: خم کردن به جای خم شدن.
Another mistake involves confusing خم شدن with کج شدن (Kaj shodan). While they are similar, کج شدن usually implies becoming tilted, slanted, or crooked, rather than bending in a curve. If a picture frame is hanging unevenly on the wall, it is کج (tilted), not خم (bent). Using 'kham' for a tilted frame would sound very strange to a native speaker.
- Preposition Errors
- Learners often forget the 'be' (to) in 'be jolo kham shodan' (to bend forward) and try to use English-style prepositions. In Persian, the direction is usually indicated before the verb.
Finally, learners sometimes over-use the word for 'folding'. If you are folding clothes or paper, the correct verb is تا کردن (Ta kardan). While خم کردن might physically describe the action of bending the paper, تا کردن is the specific functional verb for folding. Using خم شدن for a piece of paper suggests it is curving naturally, perhaps due to humidity, rather than being intentionally folded by a person. Paying attention to these subtle distinctions will elevate your Persian from functional to fluent.
To expand your vocabulary beyond the basic خم شدن, it's useful to look at synonyms and related terms that offer more specific shades of meaning. Depending on whether you are talking about a person's posture, a physical object, or a metaphorical situation, there might be a better word choice.
- دولاشدن (Dolaa Shodan)
- This literally means 'to become double-folded'. It is a very common colloquial alternative to 'kham shodan' when describing a person bending deep at the waist. It sounds more informal and descriptive of a sharp bend.
پیرزن دولا شد تا عصایش را بردارد.
For more formal or literary contexts, you might encounter انحنا یافتن (Enhena yaftan), which means 'to acquire a curvature'. This is used in scientific or highly descriptive writing. Another alternative is کمانه کردن (Kamaneh kardan), though this usually refers to something arching like a bow or ricocheting. If you want to describe someone bowing in a formal, respectful way, the term تعظیم کردن (Ta'zim kardan) is the specific word for a formal bow of respect or greeting.
- Comparison: خم شدن vs. کج شدن
- 'خم شدن' implies a curve or a bend in the structure itself. 'کج شدن' implies a change in angle or becoming crooked. A tree 'khamosh mishavad' (bends) in the wind, but a picture on the wall 'kaj mishavad' (becomes tilted).
Lastly, consider the word قوز کردن (Quz kardan), which specifically means 'to slouch' or 'to have a hunchback'. If you are telling someone to fix their posture because they are bending their back too much while sitting at a computer, 'quz kardan' is more accurate than 'kham shodan'. Understanding these alternatives allows you to be more precise in your communication and understand the nuances of native speakers' choices.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The word 'Kham' is also used in Persian to describe the 'bend' of a hair curl in classic poetry, often comparing the lover's hair to a lasso or a hook.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'kh' as 'k'. It must be scratchy.
- Pronouncing 'am' as 'ahm'. It should be a flat 'a' like 'apple'.
- Stress on 'KHAM' instead of the end of the verb.
- Confusing the 'o' in 'shodan' with a long 'oo'.
- Missing the silent 'h' feel in 'shodan' (it's very short).
难度评级
Easy to recognize as 'kham' is a short, common word.
Requires remembering the compound structure and auxiliary conjugation.
Distinguishing from 'kham kardan' in real-time is the main hurdle.
Clear pronunciation makes it easy to hear in context.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Compound Verb Conjugation
In 'خم شدن', only 'شدن' changes: خم میشوم، خم شدی، خم خواهند شد.
Intransitive vs Transitive
'خم شدن' (to bend - intr.) vs 'خم کردن' (to bend something - tr.).
Subjunctive Mood
After verbs of wanting: 'میخواهم خم شوی' (I want you to bend).
Negative Imperative
Prefix 'na' to the auxiliary: 'خم نشو!' (Don't bend!).
Past Participle as Adjective
'خمیده' (bent) is used to describe a state: 'او پیرمردی خمیده است'.
按水平分级的例句
من خم شدم.
I bent down.
Simple past tense, first person singular.
او خم میشود.
He/she bends.
Present simple/habitual tense.
کمی خم شو.
Bend a little.
Imperative singular.
درخت خم شد.
The tree bent.
Past tense, third person singular.
چرا خم شدی؟
Why did you bend?
Interrogative past tense.
ما خم میشویم.
We bend.
Present tense, first person plural.
کتاب افتاد و من خم شدم.
The book fell and I bent down.
Compound sentence with past tense.
بچهها خم شدند.
The children bent down.
Past tense, third person plural.
او برای برداشتن کلید خم شد.
He bent down to pick up the key.
Use of 'baraye' (for/to) with infinitive.
آیا میتوانی به جلو خم شوی؟
Can you bend forward?
Modal verb 'tavanestan' with subjunctive.
شاخه درخت زیر برف خم شده است.
The tree branch has bent under the snow.
Present perfect tense.
من نمیتوانم زیاد خم شوم.
I cannot bend much.
Negative modal with adverb 'ziyad'.
او به آرامی خم شد.
He bent down slowly.
Use of adverb 'be arami'.
مواظب باش، اینجا باید خم شوی.
Be careful, you have to bend here.
Compound sentence with 'bayad'.
گلها به سمت نور خم میشوند.
Flowers bend toward the light.
Present tense with direction 'be samte'.
او برای بوسیدن بچه خم شد.
He bent down to kiss the child.
Infinitive of purpose.
قد او به خاطر سن زیاد خم شده است.
His stature has become bent due to old age.
Present perfect describing a state.
وقتی باد میوزد، نیزارها خم میشوند.
When the wind blows, the reed beds bend.
Conditional 'vaqti' (when) structure.
او بدون خم شدن، زمین را لمس کرد.
Without bending [his knees], he touched the ground.
Gerund-like use of the infinitive.
میله آهنی بر اثر گرما خم شد.
The iron bar bent due to the heat.
Cause and effect with 'bar asare'.
او کمی خم شد تا در گوش من چیزی بگوید.
He bent down a little to whisper something in my ear.
Subjunctive of purpose.
خم شدن مداوم باعث کمردرد میشود.
Constant bending causes back pain.
Infinitive as a subject.
او با احترام مقابل معلم خم شد.
He bent (bowed) before the teacher with respect.
Adverbial phrase of manner.
پل زیر بار سنگین ترافیک خم شده بود.
The bridge had bent under the heavy traffic load.
Past perfect tense.
او هرگز در برابر ظلم خم نخواهد شد.
He will never bend (yield) in the face of oppression.
Future tense, metaphorical usage.
ساختار ساختمان به دلیل زلزله کمی خم شده است.
The building's structure has tilted slightly due to the earthquake.
Technical context.
او به جلو خم شد تا جزئیات نقاشی را بهتر ببیند.
He leaned forward to see the painting's details better.
Purpose clause with 'ta'.
نباید اجازه دهی غرورت باعث شود مقابل هر کسی خم شوی.
You shouldn't let your pride make you bend before anyone.
Complex causative structure.
او در حالی که خم شده بود، سوزن را پیدا کرد.
While he was bent over, he found the needle.
Participial phrase 'dar hali ke'.
کمان به شدت خم شد قبل از اینکه تیر رها شود.
The bow bent sharply before the arrow was released.
Passive-like intransitive action.
او از درد شکم به خود خم شده بود.
He was doubled over from stomach pain.
Reflexive-like 'be khod'.
تیرهای سقف زیر فشار آوار خم شدند.
The roof beams bent under the pressure of the debris.
Describing structural failure.
شاعر پیر، گویی زیر بار سنگین کلمات خم شده بود.
The old poet, as if bent under the heavy weight of words.
Literary simile.
در برابر عظمت کوهستان، هر انسانی احساس میکند باید خم شود.
In the face of the mountain's majesty, every human feels they must bow.
Abstract emotional context.
انعطافپذیری یعنی خم شدن بدون شکستن.
Flexibility means bending without breaking.
Philosophical definition.
او با تواضعی مثالزدنی در برابر استاد خم شد.
He bowed before the master with exemplary humility.
Formal register.
خطوط افق در این نقاشی گویی به درون خم شدهاند.
The horizon lines in this painting seem to bend inward.
Artistic analysis.
تاریخ نشان داده است که ارادههای پولادین هرگز خم نمیشوند.
History has shown that steely wills never bend.
Political rhetoric.
او با قامتی که از رنج روزگار خم شده بود، وارد شد.
He entered with a stature bent by the suffering of the times.
Relative clause with 'ke'.
پرتوهای نور هنگام عبور از عدسی خم میشوند.
Light rays bend as they pass through a lens.
Scientific terminology (refraction).
سرو اگرچه در طوفان خم میشود، اما اصالت خود را از دست نمیدهد.
Though the cypress bends in the storm, it does not lose its essence.
Classical literary metaphor.
در حکمت باستان، خم شدن شاخه پربار نشانه فروتنی است.
In ancient wisdom, the bending of a fruitful branch is a sign of humility.
Cultural proverb analysis.
او چنان در برابر تقدیر خم شد که گویی هیچ اختیاری از خود ندارد.
He bent before fate in such a way as if he had no will of his own.
Complex conditional with 'guyi'.
هنرمند با ظرافتی خاص، فلز را چنان خم کرد که گویی جان دارد.
The artist bent the metal with such delicacy as if it were alive.
Nuanced description of craftsmanship.
فشار روانی ناشی از بحران، باعث شد او زیر بار مسئولیت خم شود.
The psychological pressure of the crisis caused him to bend under the weight of responsibility.
Psychological metaphor.
در معماری این بنا، قوسها به گونهای خم شدهاند که تداعیگر آسمان باشند.
In the architecture of this building, the arches are bent in a way to evoke the sky.
Architectural theory.
او هیچگاه اجازه نداد فقر، قامت بلند همتش را خم کند.
He never let poverty bend the tall stature of his ambition.
Highly formal/literary structure.
خم شدن فضا-زمان در نزدیکی جرمهای عظیم، از اصول نسبیت است.
The bending of space-time near massive objects is a principle of relativity.
Advanced scientific theory.
常见搭配
常用短语
— Bending and straightening; often used to describe physical labor or exercise.
تمام روز مشغول خم شدن و راست شدن بودم.
— Not allowing something to bend; often used for rigid rules or materials.
این قانون اجازه هیچ خم شدنی را نمیدهد.
— Bending with difficulty; used for stiff joints or objects.
زانویش به سختی خم میشود.
容易混淆的词
This is the transitive version. Use it when YOU bend something else.
Use this for tilting or becoming crooked, not necessarily curving.
Bending is 'kham shodan', breaking is 'shekastan'. Some things bend before they break.
习语与表达
— To not even flinch; to show no sign of distress or displeasure under pressure.
با وجود تمام مشکلات، خم به ابرو نیاورد.
Literary/Common— To be overwhelmed by the hardships of life.
او زیر بار زندگی کمر خم کرده است.
Metaphorical— To submit; to humiliate oneself or show extreme humility.
او مقابل هیچکس گردن خم نمیکند.
Metaphorical— The ins and outs of a job; the tricks of the trade.
او تمام خم و چم این کار را میداند.
Colloquial— Referring to the seven stages of spiritual love in Sufism.
عطار در هفت خم عشق بود.
Mystical— To defeat someone or break their spirit.
این شکست پشت تیم را خم کرد.
Metaphorical— Symbolizing that the more knowledgeable or successful a person is, the humbler they should be.
مانند شاخه پربار خم شو.
Proverbial— To frown; to show anger or worry.
او با دیدن نامه خمی به پیشانی انداخت.
Literary— To turn a corner or a curve (often in driving).
ماشین با یک خم تند پیچید.
Colloquial容易混淆
Sounds very similar to 'Kham'.
'Khaam' means raw or inexperienced, 'Kham' means bent.
این گوشت خام است (This meat is raw).
Initial 'kh' sound and similar length.
'Khaab' means sleep.
او به خواب رفت.
Learners often mispronounce 'kh' as 'k'.
'Kam' means little/less.
کمی آب بده.
Rhymes and has a similar guttural start.
'Gham' means sorrow.
او بسیار غم دارد.
Rhymes.
'Dam' means breath or tail.
دم سگ تکان میخورد.
句型
[Subject] + [Kham Shodan Conjugation]
من خم شدم.
[Subject] + برای [Infinitive] + خم شدن
او برای دیدن گربه خم شد.
[Subject] + به [Direction] + خم شدن
ما به جلو خم شدیم.
[Subject] + زیرِ [Noun] + خم شدن
درخت زیر برف خم شد.
[Subject] + در برابرِ [Noun] + خم شدن
او در برابر ظلم خم نشد.
با [Adverb] + خم شدن
او با تواضع خم شد.
[Noun] + ای که + خم شده است
پیرمردی که کمرش خم شده است.
[Subject] + چنان + [Kham Shodan] + که ...
او چنان خم شد که گویی میخواست زمین را ببوسد.
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Very common in both spoken and written Persian.
-
من خطکش را خم شدم.
→
من خطکش را خم کردم.
You cannot 'become bent' a ruler; you 'make' the ruler bent.
-
او کج شد تا ببیند.
→
او خم شد تا ببیند.
'Kaj' is tilted; 'Kham' is bending down to see.
-
من دارم خم میگردم.
→
من دارم خم میشوم.
While 'gashtan' can mean become, 'shodan' is the standard auxiliary for this verb.
-
خم به ابرو نیاوردن (Literal meaning)
→
خم به ابرو نیاوردن (Idiomatic meaning)
Don't translate this literally as 'not bending an eyebrow'; it means 'not flinching'.
-
خم کردن لباسها
→
تا کردن لباسها
Use 'ta kardan' for folding laundry.
小贴士
Compound Verb Rule
Remember that in 'خم شدن', 'خم' is an adjective and 'شدن' is the verb. Only conjugate 'شدن'.
The 'KH' Sound
The 'kh' sound is like clearing your throat. Don't let it sound like a 'k'.
Direction Matters
Always use 'be' (to) to indicate where you are bending (be jolo, be aghab, be rast).
Transitive vs Intransitive
Use 'shodan' for 'I bend' and 'kardan' for 'I bend the wire'.
Respectful Bowing
A small 'kham shodan' of the head is a very polite way to say hello or thank you.
The Curve
Visualize the word 'خم' looking like a hook. Hooks are bent.
Descriptive Power
Use 'خمیده' as an adjective to describe old characters or weathered trees.
Ta'arof Context
Notice how Iranians 'kham' slightly at doorways to let others through first.
Doctor's Orders
If a doctor says 'kham shovid', they want you to lean over for an exam.
Metaphorical Weight
In poems, 'bending' usually refers to the weight of love or time.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of a 'CAM' (camera) bending down to take a photo of the ground. 'Kham' sounds like 'Cam'. You 'Kham' to see what the 'Cam' sees.
视觉联想
Visualize a giant letter 'S' or a 'C'. These are 'kham' (bent) shapes. Imagine a straight stick becoming an 'S'. That is 'Kham shodan'.
Word Web
挑战
Try to use 'Kham shodan' three times today: once for a person, once for an object, and once for a plant.
词源
Derived from the Middle Persian 'xam', which has roots in Old Persian and Proto-Indo-European. The root is associated with the concept of being curved or crooked.
原始含义： To be curved, arched, or not straight.
Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Western Iranian -> Persian.文化背景
Be careful when using 'kham shodan' to describe elderly people; use it respectfully to avoid sounding like you are mocking their infirmity.
In English, 'bending over backwards' is an idiom for trying very hard. In Persian, 'kham shodan' is more literal or related to humility/age.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Gym/Fitness
- زانوها را خم نکنید
- کمرتان را خم کنید
- تا مچ پا خم شوید
- نفس بکشید و خم شوید
Doctor/Health
- کجا درد میکند وقتی خم میشوید؟
- آیا میتوانید بیشتر خم شوید؟
- هنگام خم شدن احتیاط کنید
- پشتتان نباید خم شود
Everyday Tasks
- خم شو زیر میز را ببین
- مراقب باش سرت خم نشود
- برای بستن بند کفش خم شد
- آشغالها را با خم شدن جمع کرد
Nature/Environment
- درختها در طوفان خم شدند
- گلها به سمت خورشید خم میشوند
- علفها زیر پا خم شدند
- شاخه از سنگینی میوه خم شده
Social/Respect
- با احترام خم شد
- نباید مقابل او خم شوی
- تعظیم کرد و خم شد
- فروتنی یعنی خم شدن
对话开场白
"آیا میتوانی بدون خم کردن زانو، زمین را لمس کنی؟ (Can you touch the ground without bending your knees?)"
"چرا بعضی درختها بیشتر از بقیه خم میشوند؟ (Why do some trees bend more than others?)"
"آیا در فرهنگ شما خم شدن نشانه احترام است؟ (Is bending/bowing a sign of respect in your culture?)"
"وقتی کمردرد داری، چگونه خم میشوی؟ (How do you bend when you have back pain?)"
"به نظر تو خم شدن در برابر مشکلات نشانه ضعف است؟ (Do you think yielding/bending to problems is a sign of weakness?)"
日记主题
امروز چند بار برای انجام کارهای مختلف خم شدی؟ بنویس. (How many times did you bend today for different tasks? Write about it.)
درباره زمانی بنویس که مجبور شدی در برابر کسی یا چیزی خم شوی (فیزیکی یا اخلاقی). (Write about a time you had to bend/yield to someone or something.)
توصیف کن که یک پیرمرد چگونه با پشتی خم شده در خیابان راه میرود. (Describe how an old man walks down the street with a bent back.)
اهمیت انعطافپذیری و خم شدن در زندگی را به زبان خودت بنویس. (Write about the importance of flexibility and 'bending' in life in your own words.)
یک داستان کوتاه درباره درختی بنویس که حاضر نبود در طوفان خم شود. (Write a short story about a tree that refused to bend in a storm.)
常见问题
10 个问题You should use the transitive form: 'زانوهایتان را خم کنید' (Zanuhayatan ra kham konid).
It's better to use 'تا کردن' (Ta kardan) for intentional folding, though 'خم شدن' describes the physical curve.
Yes, while the specific term is 'Ruku', it is described as 'خم شدن در نماز'.
'Dolaa shodan' is more informal and usually implies a deeper bend at the waist.
Man kham shodam, To kham shodi, Ou kham shod, Ma kham shodim, Shoma kham shodid, Ishan kham shodand.
Yes, 'خم' means a curve or a bend. For example: 'خم جاده' (the bend of the road).
You can say 'خمنشدنی' (kham-nashodani).
Use 'به جلو خم شدن' (be jolo kham shodan).
Yes, it can be used metaphorically to mean yielding to pressure or demands.
The opposite is 'صاف' (saaf) or 'راست' (raast).
自我测试 180 个问题
Write 'I bent down' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write 'He bends forward' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write 'The tree bent under the snow' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write 'You must not bend to oppression' in Persian.
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Use 'خمیده' in a sentence about an old man.
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Write 'Bend!' as a command.
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Translate: 'I am bending to see the cat.'
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Translate: 'Bending is good for exercise.'
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Translate: 'The metal rod bent because of the heat.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence using 'خم به ابرو نیاوردن'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write 'We bent' in Persian.
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Write 'Why did you bend?' in Persian.
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Write 'The flower bends to the sun' in Persian.
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Write 'He is doubled over with pain' using 'دولا'.
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Describe a curved road using 'انحنا'.
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Write 'They bend' in Persian.
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Write 'Can you bend?' in Persian.
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Write 'Don't bend the paper' (transitive).
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Write 'The structure bent in the earthquake.'
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Explain the metaphor 'گردن خم کردن'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'I bend' in Persian.
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Tell someone to 'Bend forward'.
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Describe a tree in the wind using 'خم شدن'.
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Explain why you can't bend your back (e.g., pain).
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Discuss the importance of humility using the 'fruitful branch' metaphor.
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Say 'He bent down'.
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Ask 'Can you bend?'
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Tell a child 'Don't bend the book'.
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Use 'دولا شدن' in a sentence about picking something up.
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Use 'خم به ابرو نیاوردن' in a story context.
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Say 'We are bending'.
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Say 'The branch bent'.
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Explain a yoga pose using 'خم شدن'.
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Talk about a building that is tilting.
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Discuss the physical property of flexibility.
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你说的：
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Say 'Why are you bending?'
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你说的：
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Say 'I bent to kiss the baby'.
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Say 'The metal is bending'.
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Say 'He never yields to anyone'.
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Use 'قامت خمیده' in a sentence.
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Listen and identify: 'خم شو'.
Listen and identify: 'او خم شد'.
Listen and identify the direction: 'به سمت راست خم شوید'.
Listen for the reason: 'از درد خم شده بود'.
Listen for the object: 'میلههای آهنی خم شدند'.
Listen: 'من خم میشوم'. Who is bending?
Listen: 'خم نشو'. Is it a command to bend?
Listen: 'کمی خم شد'. How much did they bend?
Listen: 'زیر بار برف خم شد'. What caused it?
Listen: 'خم به ابرو نیاورد'. Did he show worry?
Listen: 'ما خم شدیم'. How many people?
Listen: 'برای برداشتن کلید خم شد'. What was picked up?
Listen: 'زانوهایت را خم کن'. Which part of the body?
Listen: 'دیوار خم شده است'. What is wrong with the wall?
Listen: 'انحنای جاده'. What is being described?
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The verb 'خم شدن' is your go-to word for any intransitive bending action. Whether you are leaning over to tie a shoe or a tree is swaying in the wind, this verb describes the change of state into a curve. Example: 'برای ورزش باید به جلو خم شوی' (For exercise, you must bend forward).
- Kham shodan means 'to bend' or 'to lean forward' in Persian.
- It is a compound verb using 'kham' (bent) and 'shodan' (to become).
- Used for physical actions, natural movements, and metaphorical yielding.
- Commonly heard in health, sports, and respectful social contexts.
Compound Verb Rule
Remember that in 'خم شدن', 'خم' is an adjective and 'شدن' is the verb. Only conjugate 'شدن'.
The 'KH' Sound
The 'kh' sound is like clearing your throat. Don't let it sound like a 'k'.
Direction Matters
Always use 'be' (to) to indicate where you are bending (be jolo, be aghab, be rast).
Transitive vs Intransitive
Use 'shodan' for 'I bend' and 'kardan' for 'I bend the wire'.
