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خربزه

A2 noun #5,000 最常用 8分钟阅读

خربزه

kharboze 前5,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 خربزه 30秒了解

解析 خربزه in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'Kharbozeh' means melon. It is a fruit (miveh). You can use it in very simple sentences like 'I like melon' (Man kharbozeh dust daram). It is a yellow fruit. It is sweet (shirin). You might see it in a picture book of fruits. You should learn to recognize the word when you go to a market. It is important because fruit is a very common topic in early Persian lessons. You can say 'This is a melon' (In yek kharbozeh ast). You can also use colors with it: 'The melon is yellow' (Kharbozeh zard ast). Don't worry about the different types of melons yet; just remember this one word for the long, sweet fruit. Focus on the 'kh' sound at the start, which is like the 'h' in 'hello' but stronger, coming from the back of your throat. This is a basic noun that helps you build your vocabulary for daily life and shopping.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'Kharbozeh' in more descriptive ways. You can talk about buying it at the market (bazaar). You can say 'I bought two melons' (Man do ta kharbozeh kharidm). You can describe the taste more specifically: 'This melon is very sweet and juicy' (In kharbozeh kheyli shirin va abdar ast). You can also use simple verbs like 'to eat' (khordan) and 'to cut' (boridan). You might talk about your preferences: 'I prefer melon to watermelon' (Man kharbozeh ra be hendevaneh tarjih midaham). At this level, you should also be able to understand simple instructions like 'Please wash the melon' (Lotfan kharbozeh ra beshu). You are starting to see how fruit is a big part of Iranian hospitality. You might hear someone say 'Kharbozeh mikhori?' (Do you eat/want melon?). This is a great word to practice your basic sentence structures and object markers (ra).

At the B1 level, you should be familiar with the cultural context of 'Kharbozeh'. You know that the best melons come from Mashhad. You can discuss the seasons: 'Melons are best in the summer' (Kharbozeh dar tabestan behtarin ast). You can use more complex verbs like 'to peel' (pust kandan) and 'to slice' (ghach kardan). You can also start using the word in the context of a meal or a party. You might describe the process of preparing fruit for guests. You can also understand basic proverbs or idioms involving the word, even if you don't use them yourself yet. You might talk about the health benefits or the 'nature' (tab') of the fruit according to traditional beliefs. For example, 'Kharbozeh is a hot fruit' (Kharbozeh yek miveh-ye garm ast). Your sentences are becoming longer and you can connect ideas, like 'Even though it was expensive, I bought the melon because it looked very ripe.'

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At the B2 level, you can use 'Kharbozeh' in idiomatic expressions and more formal contexts. You should be able to explain the famous proverb 'Har ke kharbozeh mikhorad, pay-e larzesh-ash ham mineshast' which means you must accept the consequences of your actions. You can participate in discussions about Iranian agriculture and the importance of melon exports. You can distinguish between 'Kharbozeh', 'Talebi', and 'Garmak' with ease and explain the differences in texture and flavor to others. You can use the word in written reports or more sophisticated storytelling. You might describe the atmosphere of a summer evening in Iran where the scent of cut melon fills the air. Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'pust' (skin/peel), 'tokhm' (seed), and 'resideh' (ripe). You can also use the word in the passive voice or with more complex grammatical structures, such as 'The melons were harvested earlier than usual this year.'

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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'Kharbozeh' includes its literary and historical nuances. You might encounter the word in classical Persian poetry where fruits are used as metaphors for beauty or the sweetness of life. You can discuss the linguistic evolution of the word and its cognates in other Indo-European languages. You are capable of nuanced debate about the cultural significance of certain foods in Iranian identity. You can use the word fluently in any register, from slang to academic. You might write an essay on the impact of drought on melon farming in Khorasan. You understand the subtle humor in jokes that involve melons or fruit vendors. Your command of idioms is natural, and you can use 'Kharbozeh' to illustrate points about responsibility or transient pleasures in a sophisticated conversation. You also understand the botanical classification and the specific regional varieties like 'Eyvanekey' versus 'Mashhadi' melons.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'Kharbozeh' in all its dimensions. You can appreciate the phonological aesthetics of the word in a poem. You can analyze the socio-economic history of melon cultivation in the Iranian plateau. You might use the word in a philosophical context, perhaps discussing the sensory experience of eating a melon as a form of 'lived experience' (phenomenology). You can effortlessly switch between technical agricultural jargon and poetic metaphor. You are aware of the rarest dialects' variations of the word. You can critique translations of Persian literature where the specific nuances of 'Kharbozeh' might have been lost or simplified to just 'melon'. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, reflecting a deep integration of the language, culture, and history associated with this iconic fruit.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

خربزه 30秒了解

Kharbozeh is the Persian word for melon, specifically the long, sweet varieties like the Mashhad melon.
It is a central part of Iranian summer food culture, often served chilled as a refreshing snack.
The word is used in a famous proverb about taking responsibility for one's actions and consequences.
It is linguistically and botanically distinct from watermelons (Hendevaneh) and cantaloupes (Talebi) in the Persian language.

The Persian word خربزه (pronounced 'khar-bo-zeh') refers to the Persian melon, a fruit that holds a legendary status in Iranian culinary culture. Unlike the standard cantaloupes or honeydews found in Western supermarkets, the true Persian خربزه is often elongated, with a yellow, ribbed skin and a crisp, incredibly sweet flesh that is almost honey-like in its intensity. It is primarily a summer fruit, appearing in markets as the heat intensifies, especially those hailing from the Khorasan province, specifically the city of Mashhad, which is world-renowned for producing the finest specimens.

Botanical Context: In botanical terms, it belongs to the Cucumis melo species, but in the Iranian mindset, it is distinct from Talebi (cantaloupe) or Garmak. It is the king of melons, prized for its crunch and sugar content.
Cultural Symbolism: Beyond being a mere snack, the خربزه represents the bounty of the Iranian plateau. It is a fruit shared during family gatherings, sliced into long wedges and served chilled on large platters after a heavy lunch to provide a refreshing, hydrating finish.

در تابستان هیچ چیز مثل یک قاچ خربزه شیرین و خنک نمی‌چسبد.
(In summer, nothing is as pleasant as a slice of sweet and cool melon.)

The usage of this word extends into the metaphorical realm. Iranians often use the melon as a point of comparison for sweetness or quality. When someone says a fruit is 'like a melon' (مثل خربزه), they are complimenting its high sugar content and perfect ripeness. However, it also carries a cautionary weight in proverbs, reminding people that every pleasure has its potential consequence, often relating to the 'cold' nature of the fruit in traditional Persian medicine (Tab'e Sard).

Social Etiquette: Offering a guest a slice of خربزه is a sign of hospitality. It is common to peel and slice the melon in the kitchen and bring it out on a plate with small forks, though in informal family settings, people might just grab a wedge and eat it down to the rind.

او بهترین خربزه بازار را برای مهمانانش خرید.
(He bought the best melon in the market for his guests.)

In summary, خربزه is not just a noun; it is a sensory experience of the Iranian summer. It evokes the smell of fresh fruit in the evening breeze and the sound of a sharp knife cracking through a crisp rind. Whether you are discussing agriculture, poetry, or daily meals, this word is essential for understanding the Iranian palate and the rhythms of seasonal life in the region.

Using the word خربزه in a sentence requires an understanding of common Persian verbs associated with food and preparation. Because it is a large fruit, it is rarely eaten whole; therefore, verbs like 'to cut' (بریدن), 'to slice' (قاچ کردن), and 'to peel' (پوست کندن) are its constant companions in conversation.

Purchasing and Selection: When buying a melon, you might ask the vendor: 'این خربزه شیرین است؟' (Is this melon sweet?). Selecting a good melon is an art form in Iran, often involving smelling the stem end or tapping the side to hear a specific sound.

پدرم همیشه قبل از خرید، خربزه را بو می‌کند.
(My father always smells the melon before buying it.)

The word functions as a simple noun, but it can also take the plural form خربزه‌ها when referring to multiple melons. In a sentence, it often acts as the direct object, followed by the post-position marker 'را' (ra) in formal or specific contexts. For example: 'من خربزه را خوردم' (I ate the melon).

Preparation Verbs: Commonly used phrases include: 'خربزه پوست کندن' (peeling the melon) and 'خربزه قاچ کردن' (slicing the melon into wedges). These are essential for describing kitchen activities.

لطفاً این خربزه را برای عصرانه قاچ کن.
(Please slice this melon for the afternoon snack.)

Furthermore, the word can be used in comparative structures. 'این خربزه از آن یکی شیرین‌تر است' (This melon is sweeter than that one). In these cases, it follows standard Persian adjective-noun rules. Because it is a concrete noun, it is very straightforward to use for beginners, yet its cultural depth allows for more complex sentences as one's level increases.

If you walk through any Iranian city during the months of Tir, Mordad, or Shahrivar (June to September), the word خربزه will be everywhere. You will hear it shouted by street vendors ('Miveh-forush') who pile hundreds of melons in the back of pickup trucks or on wooden carts. Their rhythmic calls often emphasize the sweetness of the fruit, calling them 'asal' (honey).

The Bazaar Environment: In the bustling atmosphere of a local bazaar, you might hear a customer haggling: 'آقا، این خربزه کیلویی چند است؟' (Sir, how much is this melon per kilo?). The vendor might reply with praise for its origin, usually mentioning Mashhad or Eyvanekey.

بیا که خربزه مشهد آوردم، قند و عسل!
(Come here, I've brought Mashhad melon, sugar and honey! - A common street vendor's cry)

At the dinner table, the word becomes part of the social fabric. After a meal, the host might ask, 'کمی خربزه میل دارید؟' (Would you like some melon?). This is a standard part of 'Ta'arof' (Persian etiquette), where food is offered multiple times to ensure the guest is satisfied.

Traditional Medicine Discussions: You will also hear this word in discussions about health. Older Iranians often discuss the 'nature' (tab') of foods. Since خربزه is considered 'hot' (garm) in its effect on the body but 'cold' in its physical temperature, people might warn you not to eat it with certain other foods like honey, which is a famous folk-wisdom warning in Iran.

مادربزرگم می‌گوید هرگز خربزه را با عسل نخور.
(My grandmother says never eat melon with honey.)

In television cooking shows or agricultural reports, the word is used more formally. You might hear about the 'harvest of melons' (برداشت خربزه) or 'melon varieties' (انواع خربزه). Regardless of the setting, the word carries a connotation of summer, refreshment, and the sweet rewards of the earth.

For English speakers, the most common mistake when using the word خربزه is a lack of precision regarding the specific type of melon. In English, 'melon' is a broad category that includes everything from watermelons to cantaloupes. In Persian, however, these are strictly separated.

Mistake 1: Confusing with Watermelon: Many beginners use خربزه to mean watermelon. This is incorrect. Watermelon is always 'Hendevaneh' (هندوانه). If you ask for a خربزه and expect a red, watery fruit, you will be disappointed with a yellow, crunchy one.

اشتباه: من یک خربزه قرمز می‌خواهم.
(Mistake: I want a red melon. Correction: Use 'Hendevaneh' for red watermelons.)

Another mistake involves the pronunciation of the 'kh' (خ) sound. English speakers often substitute it with a hard 'K' sound, saying 'Karbozeh'. This makes the word difficult for native speakers to understand immediately and changes the phonetic beauty of the language.

Mistake 2: Ignoring Traditional Pairings: While not a linguistic mistake, a cultural mistake is suggesting to eat خربزه with honey in front of Iranians. As mentioned before, there is a strong belief that this combination causes severe stomach cramps or even death (though medically unsubstantiated, the belief is deeply ingrained).

در ایران کسی خربزه را با عسل نمی‌خورد.
(In Iran, no one eats melon with honey.)

Finally, learners sometimes forget that خربزه is a countable noun but often used as a mass noun when referring to the fruit as a dish. Saying 'I ate two melons' (من دو تا خربزه خوردم) is fine, but if you are eating slices, you should say 'I ate some melon' (کمی خربزه خوردم).

To truly master the vocabulary of the Persian fruit market, you must understand how خربزه relates to its siblings. Persian has a very specific taxonomy for melons that English lacks.

Talebi (طالبی): This is the closest equivalent to a cantaloupe or muskmelon. It is round, has a netted skin, and the flesh is green and very fragrant. While خربزه is crunchy, Talebi is soft and juicy.
Garmak (گرمک): Similar to Talebi but usually with orange flesh. It is often less sweet than خربزه and is eaten earlier in the season.

تفاوت بین خربزه و طالبی در بافت و طعم آن‌هاست.
(The difference between melon and cantaloupe is in their texture and taste.)

In some dialects or regions, you might hear the word 'Dastambo' (دستنبو). This refers to a very small, highly fragrant melon that is often held in the hand just for its scent, rather than for eating. It is a poetic cousin to the خربزه.

Hendevaneh (هندوانه): The watermelon. While both are melons in English, they are entirely different categories in Persian. On a summer table, you might see both, but they are never confused linguistically.

بشقاب میوه شامل هندوانه، طالبی و خربزه بود.
(The fruit plate included watermelon, cantaloupe, and melon.)

By understanding these distinctions, you avoid the 'foreigner's trap' of over-generalizing fruit names. Each of these words carries its own seasonal expectation and culinary use, with خربزه remaining the most prestigious and culturally significant of the group.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The prefix 'khar' (donkey) is used in Persian to denote size, much like 'horse' is used in English 'horseradish'.

发音指南

UK /xæɹboʊˈze/

US /xɑːrboʊˈzeɪ/

The stress is typically on the final syllable: khar-bo-ZEH.

押韵词

وزه (vaze) موزه (muze) روزه (ruze) کوزه (kuze) پوزه (puze) آموزه (amuze) حوزه (howze) جوزه (jowze)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'kh' as a hard 'K' (e.g., Karbozeh).
Pronouncing the 'o' as a short 'u' (e.g., Kharbuzeh).
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Missing the 'h' sound at the end in formal speech.
Confusing the vowels with 'Khorbuzeh'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Simple letters, but the 'kh' might be new for absolute beginners.

写作 3/5

Requires correct placement of 'kh' and 'z'.

口语 4/5

The 'kh' sound and the 'zh' sound require practice for English speakers.

听力 2/5

Distinctive sound, usually easy to pick out in context.

接下来学什么

前置知识

میوه شیرین زرد خوردن تابستان

接下来学习

هندوانه طالبی انگور بشقاب چاقو

高级

کشاورزی صادرات جالیز حلاوت قند

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

خربزه مشهد (Kharbozeh-ye Mashhad)

Object Marker 'ra'

خربزه را خوردم.

Pluralization with 'ha'

خربزه‌ها شیرین هستند.

Comparative Adjectives

شیرین‌تر از خربزه.

Imperative Verbs

خربزه را بخر.

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按水平分级的例句

من خربزه دوست دارم.

I like melon.

Subject + Object + Verb.

این خربزه زرد است.

This melon is yellow.

Simple demonstrative adjective 'in'.

خربزه شیرین است.

The melon is sweet.

Adjective 'shirin' follows the noun.

یک خربزه بخرید.

Buy a melon.

Imperative mood of the verb 'kharidan'.

خربزه کجاست؟

Where is the melon?

Interrogative 'koja'.

من خربزه می‌خورم.

I am eating melon.

Present continuous tense.

خربزه میوه است.

Melon is a fruit.

Simple classification sentence.

مادر خربزه آورد.

Mother brought a melon.

Past tense of 'avardan'.

دیروز یک خربزه بزرگ خریدم.

Yesterday I bought a big melon.

Adjective 'bozorg' follows the noun.

آیا این خربزه رسیده است؟

Is this melon ripe?

Adjective 'resideh' means ripe.

خربزه را در یخچال بگذار.

Put the melon in the refrigerator.

Use of 'ra' for specific object.

ما در تابستان خربزه می‌خوریم.

We eat melon in the summer.

Prepositional phrase 'dar tabestan'.

خربزه از هندوانه شیرین‌تر است.

Melon is sweeter than watermelon.

Comparative 'shirintar'.

او خربزه را با چاقو برید.

He cut the melon with a knife.

Instrumental 'ba' (with).

این خربزه خیلی آبدار است.

This melon is very juicy.

Adverb 'kheyli' (very).

بیا خربزه بخوریم.

Let's eat melon.

Subjunctive used for suggestion.

خربزه مشهد در تمام ایران معروف است.

Mashhad melon is famous all over Iran.

Ezafe construction for origin.

قبل از خوردن، باید پوست خربزه را بکنید.

Before eating, you must peel the melon.

Modal 'bayad' + subjunctive.

او خربزه را به قاچ‌های مساوی تقسیم کرد.

He divided the melon into equal slices.

Verb 'taghsim kardan' (to divide).

بوی خربزه رسیده کل اتاق را پر کرد.

The smell of the ripe melon filled the whole room.

Subject-verb agreement with 'bu' (smell).

اگر خربزه شیرین نباشد، آن را نمی‌خورم.

If the melon is not sweet, I won't eat it.

Conditional sentence type 1.

مهمان‌ها از طعم خربزه خیلی تعریف کردند.

The guests praised the taste of the melon a lot.

Verb 'ta'rif kardan' (to praise).

خربزه را باید سرد سرو کرد.

Melon should be served cold.

Passive-like construction with 'bayad'.

فروشنده گفت که این خربزه قند خالص است.

The seller said that this melon is pure sugar.

Indirect speech with 'ke'.

هر که خربزه می‌خورد پای لرزش هم می‌نشیند.

Whoever eats the melon must also sit through the shivers.

Famous Persian proverb.

کاشت خربزه در مناطق گرمسیری رایج است.

Planting melon is common in tropical/hot regions.

Gerund 'kasht' (planting) as subject.

بافت این خربزه کمی سفت‌تر از آن چیزی است که انتظار داشتم.

The texture of this melon is a bit firmer than what I expected.

Complex comparative structure.

به دلیل خشکسالی، کیفیت خربزه‌های امسال کاهش یافته است.

Due to drought, the quality of this year's melons has decreased.

Causal phrase 'be dalil-e'.

او با مهارت خاصی خربزه را تزیین کرد.

He decorated the melon with a special skill.

Adverbial phrase with 'ba'.

خربزه منبع خوبی از ویتامین‌ها و مواد معدنی است.

Melon is a good source of vitamins and minerals.

Formal academic tone.

در طب سنتی، خربزه را دارای طبع گرم می‌دانند.

In traditional medicine, they consider melon to have a 'hot' nature.

Participial construction 'daray-e'.

صادرات خربزه به کشورهای همسایه افزایش یافته است.

Export of melons to neighboring countries has increased.

Business/Formal vocabulary.

شیرینی زایدالوصف این خربزه یادآور خاطرات کودکی‌ام در مشهد است.

The indescribable sweetness of this melon is reminiscent of my childhood memories in Mashhad.

Compound adjective 'zayead-ol-vasf'.

در ادبیات فارسی، خربزه گاه به عنوان نمادی از لذت‌های زودگذر به کار رفته است.

In Persian literature, melon has sometimes been used as a symbol of transient pleasures.

Passive voice 'be kar rafteh ast'.

کشاورزان با استفاده از روش‌های نوین آبیاری، بهره‌وری مزارع خربزه را بالا برده‌اند.

Farmers have increased the productivity of melon farms using modern irrigation methods.

Complex sentence with gerundial phrase.

تنوع گونه‌های خربزه در فلات ایران نشان‌دهنده غنای ژنتیکی این منطقه است.

The variety of melon species in the Iranian plateau indicates the genetic richness of this region.

Formal subject 'tanavo-e guneh-ha'.

او با لحنی کنایه‌آمیز به خربزه خوردن رقیبش اشاره کرد.

He referred to his rival's 'melon eating' (actions) with an ironic tone.

Idiomatic usage in context.

بررسی‌های باستان‌شناسی نشان می‌دهند که خربزه از سده‌ها پیش در این مرز و بوم کشت می‌شده است.

Archaeological surveys show that melon has been cultivated in this land for centuries.

Past perfect continuous 'kesht mishodeh ast'.

طعم خربزه ایوانکی با هیچ میوه دیگری قابل مقایسه نیست.

The taste of Eyvanekey melon is not comparable to any other fruit.

Negative potential 'ghabel-e moghayeseh nist'.

ویژگی‌های ارگانولپتیک خربزه در فرآیند رسیدن به طور قابل توجهی تغییر می‌کند.

The organoleptic characteristics of the melon change significantly during the ripening process.

Highly technical vocabulary.

تجلی ذائقه ایرانی در انتخاب و مصرف خربزه، بازتابی از پیوند عمیق میان اقلیم و فرهنگ است.

The manifestation of Persian taste in the selection and consumption of melon is a reflection of the deep bond between climate and culture.

Abstract philosophical construction.

تقابل میان حلاوت خربزه و لرزش پس از آن، پارادوکسی وجودی را در حکمت عامیانه ترسیم می‌کند.

The contrast between the sweetness of the melon and the subsequent shiver depicts an existential paradox in folk wisdom.

Advanced academic vocabulary ('halavat', 'paradox').

مهندسی ژنتیک ممکن است اصالت طعم خربزه‌های بومی را تحت‌الشعاع قرار دهد.

Genetic engineering might overshadow the authenticity of the taste of native melons.

Future/Potential construction with 'taht-osh-sho'a'.

ساختار سلولی خربزه در مواجهه با انجماد سریع، دچار فروپاشی می‌شود.

The cellular structure of the melon collapses when faced with rapid freezing.

Technical scientific Persian.

نویسنده در رمان خود، بوی خربزه را به عنوان عنصری نوستالژیک برای بازسازی فضای دهه چهل به کار می‌گیرد.

In his novel, the author uses the smell of melon as a nostalgic element to reconstruct the atmosphere of the 1960s.

Literary analysis register.

تحلیل زنجیره تأمین خربزه نشان‌دهنده چالش‌های لجستیکی در توزیع محصولات تندمصرف است.

Analysis of the melon supply chain indicates logistical challenges in the distribution of fast-moving products.

Economic/Business jargon.

اهمیت هیدرولوژیکی مزارع خربزه در مناطق کم‌آب، نیازمند بازنگری در سیاست‌های کشاورزی است.

The hydrological importance of melon farms in water-scarce areas necessitates a revision of agricultural policies.

Policy-making register.

تطبیق‌پذیری این گیاه با خاک‌های شور، خربزه را به محصولی استراتژیک در حاشیه کویر بدل کرده است.

The adaptability of this plant to saline soils has turned melon into a strategic crop on the desert fringes.

Advanced environmental Persian.

常见搭配

خربزه شیرین

خربزه رسیده

قاچ خربزه

پوست خربزه

تخم خربزه

خربزه مشهد

خربزه قاچ کردن

خربزه پوست کندن

آب خربزه

فصل خربزه

常用短语

خربزه خوردن

— To eat melon. Used as a basic activity.

بیا با هم خربزه بخوریم.

مثل خربزه

— Like a melon. Often used to describe something sweet or soft.

این سیب مثل خربزه شیرین است.

خربزه قندی

— Sugary melon. Describes a very sweet melon.

این خربزه قندی است.

خربزه و عسل

— Melon and honey. Refers to a dangerous combination in folk belief.

خربزه و عسل را با هم نخور.

یک قاچ خربزه

— A slice of melon. A common serving unit.

یک قاچ خربزه میل دارید؟

بوی خربزه

— The smell of melon. A nostalgic summer scent.

بوی خربزه در خانه پیچیده است.

خرید خربزه

— Buying melon. A common summer errand.

امروز برای خرید خربزه به بازار رفتم.

خربزه نوبرانه

— First-of-the-season melon. Often more expensive.

خربزه نوبرانه خیلی گران است.

خربزه سرد

— Cold melon. The preferred way to eat it.

خربزه سرد در گرما می‌چسبد.

خربزه بزرگ

— Large melon. Refers to the physical size.

این خربزه بزرگ برای ده نفر کافی است.

容易混淆的词

خربزه vs هندوانه

Watermelon - red inside, green outside.

خربزه vs طالبی

Cantaloupe - round and green inside.

خربزه vs خیار

Cucumber - same family, but a vegetable.

习语与表达

"هر که خربزه می‌خورد پای لرزش هم می‌نشیند"

— One who enjoys something must also accept its consequences or side effects.

تو ریسک کردی، حالا باید تحمل کنی؛ هر که خربزه می‌خورد پای لرزش هم می‌نشیند.

Proverb

"پوست خربزه زیر پای کسی گذاشتن"

— To set someone up for failure or to trick them into a mistake.

مراقب باش، همکارت می‌خواهد پوست خربزه زیر پایت بگذارد.

Informal

"فکر نان کن که خربزه آب است"

— Focus on the essentials (bread) because the luxuries (melon) are just water (insubstantial).

به جای رویاپردازی کار کن؛ فکر نان کن که خربزه آب است.

Proverb

"خربزه خوردن با پوست"

— To do something in a clumsy or unrefined way (rare).

او خربزه را با پوست می‌خورد!

Slang

"خربزه و لرز"

— Refers to the pleasure and the inevitable subsequent pain.

زندگی همیشه خربزه و لرز است.

Literary

"مثل خربزه رسیده"

— Something that is perfectly ready or at its peak.

فرصت مثل خربزه رسیده است.

Informal

"دلش خربزه می‌خواهد"

— To desire something sweet or a specific treat.

در این گرما دلم خربزه می‌خواهد.

Informal

"خربزه مشهدی"

— Used to describe something of top quality (metaphorically).

این ماشین خربزه مشهدی است!

Slang

"سر خربزه بریدن"

— To start a task or to open something up.

بیا سر این خربزه را ببریم و بخوریم.

Informal

"خربزه قاچ کردن برای کسی"

— To serve or flatter someone (context dependent).

او برای رئیسش خربزه قاچ می‌کند.

Informal

容易混淆

خربزه vs خربزه

Looks like other 'kh' words.

Specifically refers to the melon fruit.

خربزه شیرین است.

خربزه vs خربزه-قندی

Sounds like a different fruit.

Just a very sweet variety of the same fruit.

این خربزه قندی است.

خربزه vs دستنبو

Also a melon.

Much smaller and used for its scent.

دستنبو را بو کن.

خربزه vs گرمک

Similar shape.

Orange flesh, usually less sweet.

گرمک در تیر ماه می‌رسد.

خربزه vs شمام

Arabic/Regional synonym.

Used in the South of Iran.

در بوشهر به آن شمام می‌گویند.

句型

من [noun] دوست دارم.

من خربزه دوست دارم.

این [noun] خیلی [adjective] است.

این خربزه خیلی شیرین است.

باید [noun] را [verb].

باید خربزه را قاچ کرد.

اگر [condition], [noun] را [verb].

اگر سرد باشد، خربزه را می‌خورم.

[noun] نمادی از [abstract concept] است.

خربزه نمادی از تابستان است.

با وجود [noun], [clause].

با وجود خربزه، دیگر نیازی به دسر نیست.

Mixed

[noun] + [origin]

خربزه ایوانکی

Mixed

[noun] + [part]

تخم خربزه

词族

名词

خربزه-کار (melon farmer)

خربزه-زار (melon field)

خربزه-فروش (melon seller)

动词

خربزه بریدن (to cut melon)

خربزه خوردن (to eat melon)

形容词

خربزه‌ای (melon-like / melon-colored)

خربزه-شکل (melon-shaped)

如何使用

frequency

Very high during summer months; low in winter.

常见错误

Using 'Kharbozeh' for watermelon. → Hendevaneh
They are different fruits in Persian.
Pronouncing it 'Karbozeh'. → Kharbozeh
The 'kh' sound is essential.
Mixing it with honey in public. → Eating it alone.
It's a cultural taboo in Iran.
Forgetting the 'h' at the end of the spelling. → خربزه
The final 'h' is silent but necessary in writing.
Saying 'Kharbozeh-ye ghermez' (red melon). → Hendevaneh
Kharbozeh is never red inside.

小贴士

Summer Staple

Always serve melon chilled. Iranians rarely eat it at room temperature.

The 'KH' Sound

Practice the 'kh' sound daily. It's the most important sound in this word.

Selecting

Look for melons with deep ribs and a bright yellow color.

Hospitality

If offered a slice, it's polite to accept at least one.

Slicing

Cut it lengthwise into long wedges for a traditional look.

Digestion

Avoid drinking water immediately after eating melon to prevent bloating.

Object Marker

Don't forget the 'ra' when talking about a specific melon.

Synonyms

Learn 'Talebi' alongside 'Kharbozeh' to cover all melon bases.

Wisdom

Use the 'shiver' proverb when someone complains about a choice they made.

Freshness

Once cut, wrap it tightly in plastic or it will dry out in the fridge.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a 'Khar' (donkey) eating a giant 'Bozeh' (melon). The donkey loves the sweet yellow fruit.

视觉联想

Picture a long, bright yellow rugby ball that smells like honey. That is a Kharbozeh.

Word Web

Summer Sweet Yellow Mashhad Slices Honey Fruit Seeds

挑战

Try to go to a Middle Eastern grocery store and identify a Kharbozeh without looking at the label.

词源

The word originates from Middle Persian 'xarbuzak'. It is a compound word.

原始含义： The first part 'khar' means 'big' or 'donkey' (used as a prefix for large things), and 'buzeh' relates to 'fragrance' or 'cucumber'. So, 'large fragrant fruit'.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化背景

None, but be aware of the 'melon and honey' health belief to avoid sounding dismissive.

In the West, 'Persian Melon' usually refers to a specific netted variety, but in Iran, it's the long yellow one.

Proverb: Har ke kharbozeh mikhorad... Poetry of Rumi (occasional fruit metaphors) Modern Iranian cinema summer scenes

在生活中练习

真实语境

At the Fruit Market

این خربزه شیرین است؟
کیلویی چند؟
یک خربزه خوب بده.
رسیده است؟

At a Dinner Party

خربزه میل دارید؟
بفرمایید خربزه.
خیلی شیرین است.
دست شما درد نکند.

In the Kitchen

چاقو کجاست؟
خربزه را قاچ کن.
تخم‌هایش را بگیر.
پوستش را بکن.

Discussing Weather

در این گرما خربزه می‌چسبد.
فصل خربزه رسیده.
تابستان و خربزه‌اش.
عصرانه خربزه بخوریم.

Proverbs/Advice

پای لرزش بنشین.
پوست خربزه نینداز.
فکر نان کن.
خربزه آب است.

对话开场白

"آیا شما خربزه مشهد را امتحان کرده‌اید؟ (Have you tried Mashhad melon?)"

"شما خربزه دوست دارید یا هندوانه؟ (Do you like melon or watermelon?)"

"به نظر شما بهترین میوه تابستانی چیست؟ (What is the best summer fruit in your opinion?)"

"چطور یک خربزه رسیده انتخاب کنیم؟ (How do we choose a ripe melon?)"

"آیا در کشور شما هم خربزه وجود دارد؟ (Is there melon in your country too?)"

日记主题

امروز یک خربزه خریدم و طعم آن مرا به یاد... (Today I bought a melon and its taste reminded me of...)

چرا خربزه در فرهنگ ایرانی اینقدر مهم است؟ (Why is melon so important in Iranian culture?)

خاطره‌ای از یک روز گرم تابستانی و خوردن خربزه بنویسید. (Write a memory of a hot summer day and eating melon.)

تفاوت‌های خربزه و طالبی را توضیح دهید. (Explain the differences between melon and cantaloupe.)

اگر بخواهید خربزه را به کسی که هرگز آن را ندیده توصیف کنید، چه می‌گویید؟ (If you wanted to describe a melon to someone who has never seen it, what would you say?)

常见问题

10 个问题

Kharbozeh is typically long, yellow-skinned, and crunchy-sweet. Talebi is round, netted, and has soft green flesh.

It's a strong Persian folk belief that the combination causes severe illness, though there is no modern medical proof.

Mashhad is the most famous city in Iran for producing high-quality melons.

Usually by its strong sweet smell at the stem or the yellow color of its skin.

In traditional medicine, it is considered 'hot' (Garm), meaning it speeds up metabolism.

It means you must accept the consequences of your actions, good or bad.

You can, but Iranians usually prefer making juice from 'Talebi' (cantaloupe).

You say 'Yek ghach kharbozeh'.

No, the skin is tough and must be peeled off.

The peak season is mid-summer, from July to September.

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