用你的语言查看此页面

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

हिन्दी

首页
学习
波斯语
词汇
مبانی

B2 noun 7分钟阅读

مبانی

mabani

开始练习例句笔记与提示 مبانی 30秒了解

解析 مبانی in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't really need to use the word 'مبانی' (mabāni) because it is quite formal and academic. However, you might see it on the cover of a book. Just remember that it means 'the start' or 'the basic things' about a subject like math or science. It's like the word 'beginnings.' If you see a book called 'Mabāni-ye Fārsi,' it means 'The basics of Persian.' You won't use it in a restaurant or when meeting friends. Think of it as a 'big word' for 'the first parts.'

免费注册阅读完整解释

At the A2 level, you can start to recognize 'مبانی' as a word used for 'foundations' in school or books. You might say, 'I am reading the foundations of art' (Man mabāni-ye honar ro mikhānam). It's a plural word. Even though it's plural, we often treat the whole concept as one subject. You should know that it's different from 'pāye,' which is what you call your school grade (like 2nd grade). 'Mabāni' is for the ideas that start a subject.

免费注册阅读完整解释

By B1, you should be able to use 'مبانی' in semi-formal contexts. For example, if you are discussing your studies or a hobby, you can use it to describe the core principles. 'The foundations of this game are simple' (Mabāni-ye in bāzi sāde ast). You will notice it often uses the 'ezafe' (-e) to connect to another noun. You should also start to distinguish it from 'asl' (principle). 'Mabāni' is the collective set of foundations, while 'asl' is one specific rule.

免费注册阅读完整解释

At the B2 level (where this word is categorized), you must use 'مبانی' with confidence in academic and professional settings. You should understand phrases like 'mabāni-ye nazari' (theoretical foundations) and 'mabāni-ye falsafi' (philosophical foundations). You are expected to use it when analyzing a text or explaining the logic behind a decision. It shows you have a higher-level vocabulary and can discuss abstract concepts rather than just concrete objects.

At the C1 level, you should understand the nuance between 'مبانی' and other high-level words like 'arkān' (pillars) or 'mabādi' (principles/premises). You should be able to use 'mabāni' in complex sentences with sophisticated verbs like 'tabyin kardan' (to elucidate) or 'naqd kardan' (to critique). You'll see this word in legal documents, high-level political analysis, and philosophical treatises. You should also be comfortable with the singular form 'mabnā' and how it functions as a basis for comparison.

免费注册阅读完整解释

For C2 learners, 'مبانی' is a tool for precise intellectual discourse. You can discuss the 'mabāni-ye epistemologic' (epistemological foundations) of a theory. You understand the historical and Arabic roots of the word and how it fits into the broader B-N-Y family (binā, bonyād, bāni). You can use it to deconstruct arguments, identifying where the 'mabāni' of two opposing ideologies clash. Your usage should be indistinguishable from a native academic or professional writer.

免费注册阅读完整解释

开始练习例句笔记与提示

مبانی 30秒了解

Mabāni means foundations or principles of a subject.
It is the plural of 'mabnā' and comes from the root for building.
It is used for intellectual bases, not physical ones like house foundations.
Commonly seen in academic book titles and formal discussions.

The Persian word مبانی (pronounced /mæbɒːniː/) is a sophisticated noun that translates primarily to 'foundations,' 'principles,' or 'underlying basis.' Etymologically, it is the Arabic broken plural of the word مبنا (mabnā), which stems from the root B-N-Y, meaning to build or construct. While a physical foundation of a house is often called 'پی' (pey) or 'فونداسیون' (fondāsiyon), مبانی is almost exclusively reserved for abstract, intellectual, or theoretical frameworks. It represents the bedrock of knowledge upon which a specific field of study, ideology, or system is constructed.

Academic Context: In Iranian universities, you will see this word on the cover of nearly every introductory textbook. Whether it is 'Mabāni-ye Computer' (Foundations of Computer Science) or 'Mabāni-ye Jāme'e-shenāsi' (Foundations of Sociology), the word signals that the content covers the core concepts necessary to understand the subject.

برای درک این نظریه پیچیده، ابتدا باید مبانی آن را بیاموزید. (To understand this complex theory, you must first learn its foundations.)

When people use this word, they are usually referring to the 'why' and 'how' behind a system. For example, the mabāni of a legal system are the moral and philosophical beliefs that justify the laws. If someone says, 'Our disagreement is on the foundations' (اختلاف ما در مبانی است), they mean they don't just disagree on a detail, but on the very starting principles of the argument. It is a word that carries weight, suggesting a deep, structural level of thought rather than superficial details.

Legal and Political Usage: In political discourse, مبانی refers to the ideological roots of a movement. A speaker might discuss the 'mabāni-ye fikri' (intellectual foundations) of the revolution or the 'mabāni-ye hoquqi' (legal foundations) of a new treaty.

این کتاب به بررسی مبانی دموکراسی در شرق می‌پردازد. (This book examines the foundations of democracy in the East.)

Using مبانی correctly requires an understanding of the Persian 'Ezafe' construction. Because it is a plural noun that usually describes the foundation *of* something, it is almost always followed by the short vowel '-e' (written as a small stroke below the last letter or implied). For example, 'Foundations of Art' is Mabāni-ye Honar. Note that because 'mabāni' ends in the letter 'ی' (ye), the ezafe is often pronounced as a 'ye' sound to bridge the vowels.

Common Grammatical Patterns: The word often functions as the subject or the direct object in formal writing. It is rarely used in casual, everyday spoken slang, where simpler words like 'asl' (principle) or 'pāye' (base) might be substituted, though even in speech, when discussing academic topics, مبانی remains the standard.

دانشجویان باید در ترم اول، مبانی اقتصاد را بگذرانند. (Students must pass the foundations of economics in the first semester.)

Another common usage is pairing it with adjectives like 'theoretical' (nazari), 'practical' (amali), or 'philosophical' (falsafi). For instance, 'mabāni-ye nazari' (theoretical foundations) is a staple phrase in research papers. When you are building an argument, you might say, 'Based on these foundations...' (بر اساس این مبانی...).

او در حال تحقیق روی مبانی اخلاقی جامعه است. (He is researching the ethical foundations of society.)

Verb Pairings: Common verbs used with مبانی include 'amukhtan' (to learn), 'barresi kardan' (to examine), 'tabyin kardan' (to explain/elucidate), and 'zamine-sāzi kardan' (to lay the groundwork/foundations).

You will encounter مبانی in specific high-register environments. It is not a word you would use to describe the foundation of a makeup look or the base of a pizza; those use different terms. Instead, listen for it in the following places:

Educational Institutions: In any Iranian university (Dāneshgāh), this is one of the most frequent words. Professors use it to describe the core syllabus. 'Mabāni-ye dādestān' (Foundations of Prosecution) or 'Mabāni-ye shimi' (Foundations of Chemistry).
News and Media: When journalists analyze government policies or international relations, they often discuss the 'mabāni-ye diplomāsi' (foundations of diplomacy).
Bookstores: Walk into the non-fiction section of a bookstore in Tehran, and you will see 'Mabāni' printed on the spines of hundreds of books across disciplines like psychology, engineering, and theology.

در اخبار شنیدم که دولت به دنبال تغییر مبانی اقتصادی کشور است. (I heard on the news that the government is seeking to change the economic foundations of the country.)

In religious contexts, the term 'Mabāni-ye feqhi' (theological/jurisprudential foundations) is vital. It refers to the primary sources and logic used by scholars to derive religious rulings. If you are watching a debate between intellectuals, they will often challenge each other's 'mabāni' to show that the very starting point of their opponent's logic is flawed.

این سمینار بر مبانی مدیریت نوین تمرکز دارد. (This seminar focuses on the foundations of modern management.)

Learners of Persian often struggle with when to use مبانی versus its synonyms or related words. Here are the most common pitfalls:

Confusing 'Mabāni' with 'Pāye': 'Pāye' (پایه) means 'base' or 'pedestal.' While it can mean 'foundation' in a general sense, it is often more physical or elementary. You wouldn't say 'mabāni-ye sandali' for the legs of a chair; you use 'pāye.' Conversely, calling the 'Foundations of Math' 'pāye-ye riyāzi' sounds like 'elementary math' rather than the theoretical principles of mathematics.

غلط: مبانی این ساختمان ضعیف است. (Wrong: The foundations of this building are weak - use 'pey' instead.)

Another mistake is the confusion between 'Mabāni' and 'Osul' (اصول). While very similar, 'Osul' refers to specific 'rules' or 'tenets.' 'Mabāni' is broader; it is the *ground* those rules stand on. If you are talking about the 'Principles of Architecture,' you could use either, but 'Mabāni' implies the underlying philosophy, while 'Osul' implies the rules of construction.

Singular vs. Plural: Using 'mabnā' (singular) when you mean the whole field of study. Use 'mabnā' for a single point of reference ('On the basis of...'), but use 'mabāni' for a collection of foundational ideas.

درست: کتاب مبانی فیزیک را خریدم. (Correct: I bought the 'Foundations of Physics' book.)

Persian has a rich vocabulary for 'foundations.' Understanding the nuances between مبانی and its alternatives will elevate your fluency.

اصول (Osul): Meaning 'principles.' This is the closest synonym. While مبانی is the 'foundation' (the ground), اصول are the 'pillars' or 'rules.' They are often used interchangeably in titles like 'Osul-e Hesābdāri' (Principles of Accounting).
پایه‌ها (Pāyeh-hā): Meaning 'bases.' This is more common in science and mathematics (e.g., base of a triangle) or in primary education (e.g., first grade). It feels more 'elementary' than the academic 'mabāni.'
ارکان (Arkān): Meaning 'pillars' or 'main elements.' This is used for the most vital parts of a system. For example, 'Arkān-e Dowlat' (Pillars of the State). It implies things that hold the structure up, whereas 'mabāni' is what the structure sits upon.

تفاوت مبانی و اصول در این است که مبانی ریشه‌ای‌تر هستند. (The difference between 'mabāni' and 'osul' is that 'mabāni' are more fundamental/root-level.)

In summary, choose مبانی when you want to sound academic, formal, or refer to the philosophical starting point of a complex system. Use اصول for rules, پایه for elementary levels or physical bases, and ارکان for the structural pillars of an organization.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

While the root means 'to build' physically, in Persian, the word 'mabāni' is almost never used for physical buildings (those are called 'binā-hā'). It has migrated almost entirely to the realm of ideas.

发音指南

UK /mæbɒːniː/

US /mæbɒːniː/

The stress is on the final syllable: ma-bā-NĪ.

押韵词

معانی (ma'āni - meanings) جوانی (javāni - youth) زمانی (zamāni - temporal) جهانی (jahāni - worldy) گرانی (gerāni - expensiveness) نشانی (neshāni - address) ارزانی (arzāni - cheapness) بایگانی (bāygāni - archive)

常见错误

Pronouncing the first 'a' as a long 'ā' (Mābāni).
Pronouncing the final 'i' too short.
Confusing it with 'mabnā' in speech.

难度评级

阅读 7/5

Common in books but requires understanding of ezafe and abstract contexts.

写作 8/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'ی' and proper placement in complex sentences.

口语 6/5

Used in professional/academic speech; rare in casual slang.

听力 7/5

Must be distinguished from 'mabnā' and 'ma'āni' in fast speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

بنا پایه اصل کتاب درس

接下来学习

نظریه پارادایم روش‌شناسی تبیین تحلیل

高级

هستی‌شناسی معرفت‌شناسی غایت‌شناسی پیش‌فرض بدیهیات

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

مبانیِ علم (Mabāni-ye elm)

Arabic Broken Plural

مبنا -> مبانی (Mabnā -> Mabāni)

Adjective Agreement

مبانیِ استوار (Solid foundations - adjective follows ezafe)

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

مبانی را آموختم (I learned the foundations)

Prepositional Phrases

در مبانی (In the foundations)

免费注册阅读完整解释

按水平分级的例句

این کتاب مبانی فارسی است.

This book is (about) the foundations of Persian.

Simple A=B sentence structure.

مبانی ریاضی سخت نیست.

The foundations of math are not hard.

Negative 'nist' used with the noun.

او مبانی را می‌داند.

He knows the basics.

Direct object usage.

مبانی هنر زیبا است.

The foundations of art are beautiful.

Ezafe connecting مبانی and هنر.

کلاس مبانی کجاست؟

Where is the 'foundations' class?

Interrogative sentence.

من مبانی را دوست دارم.

I like the basics.

Simple transitive verb.

مبانی موسیقی جالب است.

The foundations of music are interesting.

Descriptive adjective.

این یک درس مبانی است.

This is a 'foundations' lesson.

Indefinite 'yek' used.

ما در مدرسه مبانی علوم را می‌خوانیم.

We read the foundations of science in school.

Present continuous habit.

مبانی این کار چیست؟

What are the foundations of this work?

Question word 'chist' (what is).

او مبانی عکاسی را یاد گرفت.

He learned the foundations of photography.

Past tense 'yād gereft'.

آیا مبانی کامپیوتر را بلدی؟

Do you know the foundations of computers?

Informal 'baladi' (to know how).

مبانی آشپزی خیلی مهم است.

The foundations of cooking are very important.

Adverb 'kheyli' modifying 'mohem'.

این استاد مبانی را خوب درس می‌دهد.

This professor teaches the foundations well.

Adverb 'khub' (well).

باید مبانی را تکرار کنیم.

We must repeat the basics.

Modal 'bāyad' (must).

مبانی نقاشی را در خانه آموختم.

I learned the foundations of painting at home.

Past tense 'āmukhtam'.

بدون دانستن مبانی، نمی‌توانید پیشرفت کنید.

Without knowing the foundations, you cannot progress.

Gerund 'dānestan' used with 'bedun-e'.

مبانی نظری این تحقیق ضعیف است.

The theoretical foundations of this research are weak.

Compound noun 'mabāni-ye nazari'.

او در مورد مبانی دموکراسی صحبت کرد.

He spoke about the foundations of democracy.

Prepositional phrase 'dar mored-e'.

مبانی اخلاقی او بسیار قوی است.

His moral foundations are very strong.

Adjective 'akhlaqi' (moral).

ما باید مبانی همکاری را مشخص کنیم.

We must clarify the foundations of cooperation.

Subjunctive 'moshakhas konim'.

این کتاب مبانی مدیریت را توضیح می‌دهد.

This book explains the foundations of management.

Present tense 'tozih midahad'.

مبانی فیزیک در قرن بیستم تغییر کرد.

The foundations of physics changed in the 20th century.

Past tense 'taghyir kard'.

او به مبانی مذهبی خود وفادار است.

He is loyal to his religious foundations.

Adjective 'vafādār' (loyal).

مبانی حقوقی این قرارداد باید بررسی شود.

The legal foundations of this contract must be examined.

Passive voice 'barresi shavad'.

نویسنده در فصل اول به مبانی فلسفی اثر می‌پردازد.

The author addresses the philosophical foundations of the work in the first chapter.

Verb 'pardākhtan' with 'be'.

اختلاف اصلی ما در مبانی فکری است.

Our main disagreement is in the intellectual foundations.

Abstract noun usage.

او سعی دارد مبانی جدیدی برای این علم تعریف کند.

He is trying to define new foundations for this science.

Infinitive 'ta'rif kardan'.

مبانی اقتصادی کشور نیاز به اصلاحات دارد.

The economic foundations of the country need reforms.

Noun 'eslāhāt' (reforms).

این مقاله به نقد مبانی مدرنیسم می‌پردازد.

This article critiques the foundations of modernism.

Noun 'naqd' (critique).

مبانی معماری سنتی ایران بسیار غنی است.

The foundations of traditional Iranian architecture are very rich.

Adjective 'ghani' (rich).

در این سمینار، مبانی روان‌شناسی تحلیل شد.

In this seminar, the foundations of psychology were analyzed.

Past passive 'tahlil shod'.

تبیین مبانی معرفت‌شناختی این نظریه الزامی است.

Elucidating the epistemological foundations of this theory is mandatory.

Formal gerund 'tabyin'.

او با ظرافت مبانی منطقی استدلال را زیر سوال برد.

He subtly questioned the logical foundations of the argument.

Idiomatic 'zir-e so'āl bordan'.

مبانی مشروعیت سیاسی در این نظام چیست؟

What are the foundations of political legitimacy in this system?

Complex noun phrase.

تحول در مبانی کلامی منجر به تغییرات گسترده شد.

A shift in theological foundations led to widespread changes.

Preposition 'monjar be' (led to).

این رویکرد بر مبانی انسان‌شناختی خاصی استوار است.

This approach is based on specific anthropological foundations.

Verb 'ostovār budan' (to be based/standing on).

مبانی زیباشناختی این اثر هنری بحث‌برانگیز است.

The aesthetic foundations of this artwork are controversial.

Compound adjective 'bahs-bar-angiz'.

او سال‌ها صرف تحقیق در مبانی تصوف کرد.

He spent years researching the foundations of Sufism.

Verb 'sarf kardan' (to spend/devote).

بدون بازنگری در مبانی، نمی‌توان به وفاق رسید.

Without a review of the foundations, consensus cannot be reached.

Noun 'bāznagari' (review/revision).

واکاوی مبانی هستی‌شناختی در آثار صدرالمتألهین.

Analyzing the ontological foundations in the works of Mulla Sadra.

Academic 'vākāvi' (analysis/probing).

گسست از مبانی سنتی، پیامد اجتناب‌ناپذیر مدرنیته بود.

The rupture from traditional foundations was an inevitable consequence of modernity.

Formal noun 'gosast' (rupture).

او به بازسازی مبانی فقهی بر اساس مقتضیات زمان پرداخت.

He engaged in the reconstruction of jurisprudential foundations based on the requirements of the time.

Complex ezafe chain.

مبانی نظری این پارادایم دستخوش تغییرات بنیادین شده است.

The theoretical foundations of this paradigm have undergone fundamental changes.

Idiom 'dastkhosh-e ... shodan'.

ترسیم مبانی یک نظام حقوقی عادلانه دشوار است.

Delineating the foundations of a just legal system is difficult.

Gerund 'tarsim' (delineating/drawing).

این تز بر مبانی ماتریالیسم دیالکتیک استوار است.

This thesis is based on the foundations of dialectical materialism.

Specific philosophical terminology.

نقد مبانی سوبژکتیویته در فلسفه معاصر.

Critique of the foundations of subjectivity in contemporary philosophy.

Transliterated term 'subjectivity'.

مبانی مشروعیت دولت در گرو رضایت عامه است.

The foundations of the state's legitimacy depend on public consent.

Idiom 'dar gerov-e' (dependent on).

常见搭配

مبانی نظری

مبانی فکری

مبانی حقوقی

مبانی اخلاقی

مبانی فلسفی

مبانی اقتصادی

مبانی مدیریت

مبانی کامپیوتر

مبانی هنر

بر اساس مبانی

常用短语

مبانی و اصول

— Foundations and principles. Used to cover all basics.

او مبانی و اصول کار را بلد است.

تغییر در مبانی

— A shift in the core foundations.

این کشف باعث تغییر در مبانی فیزیک شد.

بررسی مبانی

— Examining the foundations.

ما در حال بررسی مبانی این طرح هستیم.

آموزش مبانی

— Teaching the basics/foundations.

آموزش مبانی موسیقی برای کودکان.

مبانی اعتقادی

— Belief foundations (religious or ideological).

مبانی اعتقادی او تغییر کرده است.

مبانی قانونی

— Legal basis/foundations.

این عمل هیچ مبانی قانونی ندارد.

مبانی زیباشناسی

— Aesthetic foundations.

مبانی زیباشناسی در شعر حافظ.

مبانی جامعه‌شناختی

— Sociological foundations.

مبانی جامعه‌شناختی انقلاب.

مبانی ریاضیات

— Foundations of mathematics.

او استاد مبانی ریاضیات است.

نقد مبانی

— Critiquing the foundations.

نقد مبانی لیبرالیسم در این کتاب.

容易混淆的词

مبانی vs معانی

Means 'meanings'. Sounds similar but starts with 'm-a' vs 'm-e'.

مبانی vs مبادی

Means 'principles' or 'starts', but 'mabāni' is more about the structure.

مبانی vs پایه

Means 'base' or 'grade'. Use 'pāye' for physical things, 'mabāni' for ideas.

习语与表达

"از مبنا غلط بودن"

— To be wrong from the very foundation/start.

این استدلال از مبنا غلط است.

Formal

"خشت اول را کج گذاشتن"

— To lay the first brick crookedly (related to setting bad foundations).

مبانی این شرکت از ابتدا کج گذاشته شد.

Informal/Proverbial

"بی‌مبنا بودن"

— To be baseless or without foundation.

حرف‌های او کاملاً بی‌مبنا است.

Neutral

"مبنا قرار دادن"

— To use something as a basis or foundation.

ما این قانون را مبنا قرار دادیم.

Formal

"تزلزل در مبانی"

— Shakiness in the foundations (losing core belief).

تزلزل در مبانی فکری حزب دیده می‌شود.

Formal

"مبانی را ریختن"

— To lay the foundations (metaphorical).

او مبانی این علم را در ایران ریخت.

Formal

"بازگشت به مبانی"

— Back to basics/foundations.

در شرایط بحران، بازگشت به مبانی لازم است.

Neutral

"مبانی مستحکم"

— Solid foundations.

این ازدواج بر مبانی مستحکمی بنا شده است.

Neutral

"مبانی لرزان"

— Shaky foundations.

نظریه او بر مبانی لرزانی استوار است.

Formal

"وحدت در مبانی"

— Unity in foundations/principles.

آن‌ها در مبانی با هم وحدت دارند.

Formal

容易混淆

مبانی vs مبنا

It is the singular form.

Use 'mabnā' for a single point of reference; use 'mabāni' for the whole system of basics.

مبنای قضاوت (Basis of judgment) vs مبانی حقوق (Foundations of law).

مبانی vs بنیاد

Both mean foundation.

'Bonyād' often refers to an organization (Foundation) or the deep historical origin.

بنیاد شهید (Martyr Foundation) vs مبانی فیزیک (Foundations of Physics).

مبانی vs اصول

Very close synonyms.

'Osul' are often specific rules or tenets; 'Mabāni' are the ground they stand on.

اصول عقاید (Principles of beliefs).

مبانی vs اساس

Means 'basis'.

'Asās' is more general and can be used for both physical and abstract things.

اساس کار (The basis of the work).

مبانی vs پی

Means foundation.

'Pey' is strictly for the physical foundation of a building.

پی ساختمان (Building foundation).

句型

این [Subject] مبانی است.

این کتاب مبانی است.

من مبانی [Subject] را می‌خوانم.

من مبانی هنر را می‌خوانم.

بدون مبانی، [Result] ممکن نیست.

بدون مبانی، موفقیت ممکن نیست.

این نظریه بر مبانی [Adjective] استوار است.

این نظریه بر مبانی علمی استوار است.

تبیینِ مبانیِ [Subject] از اهداف این تحقیق است.

تبیین مبانی حقوقی از اهداف این تحقیق است.

واکاویِ مبانیِ [Subject] در بوته نقد.

واکاوی مبانی مدرنیته در بوته نقد.

تغییر در مبانی [Subject] باعث [Result] شد.

تغییر در مبانی سیاست باعث جنگ شد.

او استادِ درسِ مبانیِ [Subject] است.

او استاد درس مبانی ریاضی است.

词族

名词

مبنا (mabnā - basis/foundation)

بنا (binā - building)

بنیاد (bonyād - foundation/institution)

بانی (bāni - founder)

动词

بنا کردن (binā kardan - to build/found)

بنیاد نهادن (bonyād nahādan - to establish)

形容词

مبنایی (mabnāyi - foundational)

بنیادین (bonyādin - fundamental)

بنیانی (bonyāni - basic)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in academic and non-fiction literature.

常见错误

Using 'mabāni' for building foundations. → Using 'pey' or 'fondāsiyon'.
'Mabāni' is abstract; 'pey' is physical.
Spelling it as معانی. → مبانی
معانی means 'meanings'; مبانی means 'foundations'.
Using singular 'mabnā' for a course title. → مبانی
Course titles almost always use the plural form.
Forgetting the ezafe in 'Mabāni-ye'. → مبانیِ
Persian requires an ezafe to connect 'foundations' to the subject.
Using 'mabāni' for elementary school levels. → پایه
Elementary grades are called 'pāye' (e.g., pāye-ye dovvom).

小贴士

Academic Titles

Whenever you see a book title starting with 'Mabāni', think 'Introduction to...'. It will help you navigate Persian bookstores.

The Plural Factor

Remember that 'mabāni' is plural. If you want to say 'on this basis', use the singular 'bar in mabnā'.

The Bridge

When saying 'Mabāni-ye...', don't forget the 'y' sound. It's not 'mabāni e', it's 'mabāniye'.

Abstract vs. Physical

Keep 'mabāni' for ideas. For a chair's legs or a table's base, use 'pāye'.

Formal Writing

Using 'mabāni' instead of simpler words like 'chiz-haye avaliye' (basic things) will make your writing sound much more scholarly.

Legal Context

In legal Persian, 'mabāni' refers to the reasoning behind a law. It's a key word for law students.

Root Building

Remember B-N-Y (Building). Binā = Building, Mabnā = Foundation, Mabāni = Foundations.

Newspapers

Look for 'mabāni' in the editorial section of Persian newspapers; it's where writers discuss the core of political issues.

Deep Debates

If you want to sound smart in a debate, say 'Mabāni-ye harf-e shomā eshtebāh ast' (The foundations of your words are wrong).

Course Names

Listen to Iranian students talking about their schedules; you'll hear 'mabāni' mentioned constantly.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Mabāni' as 'My-Basic-Info'. It's the basic information or foundations you need before you can build a house of knowledge.

视觉联想

Imagine the blueprints of a skyscraper spread out on a table. Those blueprints are the 'mabāni'—the intellectual plan before the physical 'binā' (building) exists.

Word Web

Syllabus Logic Textbook Philosophy Foundation Start Root Rules

挑战

Try to name three subjects you are interested in, and find the 'Mabāni' of each (e.g., Mabāni-ye Music, Mabāni-ye Varzesh).

词源

Derived from the Arabic root B-N-Y (ب-ن-ی), which relates to building, constructing, or creating a structure.

原始含义： The word 'mabāni' is the 'broken plural' (jam' taksir) of 'mabnā'. In Arabic, it means structures or buildings.

Semitic root, borrowed into Persian with an abstract academic shift.

文化背景

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral, academic term.

Equivalent to 'Foundations of...' or 'Introduction to...' in university course catalogs.

Mabāni-ye Eqtesād by N. Gregory Mankiw (translated and widely used in Iran) Mabāni-ye Falsafe by various Iranian scholars Mabāni-ye Shimi (standard high school/uni text)

在生活中练习

真实语境

University Enrollment

واحد مبانی
پیش‌نیاز مبانی
امتحان مبانی
استاد درس مبانی

Legal Debate

مبانی قانونی
مبانی جرم‌شناختی
مبنای صدور حکم
بی‌مبنا بودن ادعا

Artistic Critique

مبانی رنگ
مبانی هنرهای تجسمی
مبانی ترکیب‌بندی
مبانی نقد

Political Analysis

مبانی قدرت
مبانی مشروعیت
مبانی ایدئولوژیک
تغییر در مبانی

Religious Studies

مبانی فقهی
مبانی کلامی
مبانی تفسیری
اصول و مبانی

对话开场白

"آیا تا به حال کتابی درباره مبانی فلسفه خوانده‌اید؟ (Have you ever read a book about the foundations of philosophy?)"

"به نظر شما مبانی یک زندگی شاد چیست؟ (In your opinion, what are the foundations of a happy life?)"

"در رشته تحصیلی شما، سخت‌ترین درس مبانی کدام است؟ (In your field of study, which is the hardest 'foundations' course?)"

"چرا درک مبانی هر کاری قبل از شروع آن مهم است؟ (Why is it important to understand the foundations of any work before starting it?)"

"آیا مبانی اخلاقی در همه فرهنگ‌ها یکسان است؟ (Are moral foundations the same in all cultures?)"

日记主题

امروز درباره مبانی فکری خود در مورد موفقیت فکر کنید و آن‌ها را بنویسید. (Think about your intellectual foundations regarding success today and write them down.)

اگر بخواهید کتابی به نام 'مبانی زندگی من' بنویسید، فصل اول آن درباره چه خواهد بود؟ (If you wanted to write a book called 'Foundations of My Life', what would the first chapter be about?)

تفاوت بین مبانی و جزئیات در کار روزانه شما چیست؟ (What is the difference between foundations and details in your daily work?)

چگونه تغییر در مبانی فکری می‌تواند زندگی یک نفر را متحول کند؟ (How can a change in intellectual foundations transform someone's life?)

یکی از مبانی علمی که اخیراً یاد گرفته‌اید را توضیح دهید. (Explain one of the scientific foundations you have recently learned.)

常见问题

10 个问题

No, you should use 'pey' or 'fondāsiyon' for physical buildings. 'Mabāni' is for intellectual or theoretical foundations.

It is plural. The singular form is 'mabnā'. However, in English, we often translate it as the singular 'foundation' when referring to a subject.

'Mabāni' refers to the underlying basis or ground, while 'osul' refers to the specific principles or rules. In many titles, they are used interchangeably.

It is ma-bā-ni. The 'a' is short like 'apple', the 'ā' is long like 'father', and the 'i' is like 'ee' in 'see'.

Yes, it is an Arabic broken plural, but it is fully integrated into the Persian language and used constantly in academic writing.

Technically you could in a humorous way, but it sounds too formal. Use 'tarz-e tahiye' (method of preparation) instead.

It means 'theoretical foundations'. It is a very common phrase in university research papers and theses.

Almost always, because you are usually talking about the foundations *of* something. Example: Mabāni-ye Honar.

It is common if you are a student or professional, but you won't hear it much at the grocery store or in casual small talk.

The most common opposite in a philosophical sense is 'furu' (branches/details) or simply 'جزئیات' (details).

免费注册查看提示和笔记