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A2 noun #4,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

مس

mes 前4,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 مس 30秒了解

解析 مس in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'mes' (copper) is introduced as a basic noun for a material. You only need to know that it is a metal and that it is used to make things like pots and pans. You might see it in a picture dictionary next to a reddish pot. The focus is on simple identification. For example: 'این مس است' (This is copper). You don't need to worry about the chemical properties or industrial uses yet. Just think of it as the material of those pretty reddish dishes you see in Persian shops.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'mes' in simple descriptive sentences. You should be able to say what an object is made of using the preposition 'az' (of/from). You will learn the adjective 'mesi' (coppery/made of copper) to describe colors and items. You might use it when talking about shopping or your kitchen. For example: 'من یک قابلمه مسی خریدم' (I bought a copper pot). You should also recognize that it is a common metal in Iran.

At the B1 level, you can discuss the properties and uses of copper in more detail. You might talk about its conductivity in a science context or its historical importance in Iranian crafts. You can explain why people prefer copper pots for cooking (heat distribution). You should be comfortable using 'mes' in sentences about the economy or traditional markets. For example: 'صنایع دستی مسی در زنجان بسیار معروف هستند' (Copper handicrafts are very famous in Zanjan).

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At the B2 level, you can understand news reports and articles about the copper industry. You can discuss the environmental or economic impact of copper mining in Iran. You should be familiar with common idioms and metaphorical uses of the word, such as 'mes-e vojud' (the copper of existence). You can engage in more complex conversations about metallurgy or the technical process of 'sefid-kari' (tinning).

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At the C1 level, you can appreciate the nuanced use of 'mes' in classical Persian literature and poetry. You understand the alchemical symbolism where copper represents the base state of the soul. You can read technical academic papers about Iranian archaeology and the role of the Copper Age. You are able to distinguish between different alloys and technical grades of copper in professional discussions.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of the word 'mes' in all its forms. You can discuss the intricacies of copper's role in the global commodities market, its chemical interactions at a molecular level, and its deep historical-linguistic evolution from Middle Persian 'mis'. You can use the word with perfect precision in any register, from a casual market haggle to a high-level scientific or philosophical symposium.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

مس 30秒了解

Mes means copper in Persian.
It is a reddish metal used for pots and wires.
Iran is famous for its copper handicrafts and mines.
The word is easy to say: /mes/.

The Persian word مس (pronounced 'mes') refers to the chemical element copper. It is a reddish-brown, ductile metal that has been central to human civilization for millennia, particularly on the Iranian plateau. In Persian culture, 'mes' is more than just an element on the periodic table; it represents a rich tradition of craftsmanship and culinary heritage. You will hear this word most frequently in the context of kitchenware, traditional markets, and industrial discussions. Because Iran is home to some of the world's largest copper mines, such as the Sarcheshmeh mine, the word carries significant economic weight. For a learner, understanding 'mes' involves recognizing its role in the 'Bazaar-e Mesgar-ha' (the Coppersmiths' Bazaar), where the rhythmic hammering of metal is a signature sound of historical Iranian cities like Isfahan, Shiraz, and Zanjan.

Material Category: فلزات (Metals) - specifically non-ferrous metals used for conductivity and heat transfer.

این دیگ از مس خالص ساخته شده است.
(This pot is made of pure copper.)

Historically, the 'Copper Age' or Chalcolithic period is a major part of Iranian archaeology. When visiting museums in Tehran, you will see 'mes' used in ancient tools and ornaments dating back over 7,000 years. In modern conversation, the word is also used metaphorically. For instance, in classical Persian poetry, the 'copper' of one's soul is often described as needing the 'elixir' of love or knowledge to be transformed into gold. This metaphorical leap from the physical metal to the spiritual state is a common theme in the works of Rumi and Hafez. Therefore, while 'mes' is a basic noun, its connotations span from the heat of a kitchen stove to the heights of mystical philosophy.

Scientific Context: Used in electrical wiring (سیم‌کشی) due to high conductivity.

قیمت جهانی مس امروز افزایش یافت.
(The global price of copper increased today.)

When you go to a traditional Persian restaurant, you might notice that the food is served in small copper bowls. This is not just for aesthetics; copper is excellent at maintaining the temperature of the food. If you are buying these items, you will need the word 'mes' to differentiate them from 'berenj' (brass) or 'ru-hi' (zinc/aluminum). The color of 'mes' is often described as 'sorkh' (red), leading to the term 'felez-e sorkh' (the red metal). This distinction is important because 'mes' is valued much higher than other common metals used in household items.

Common Adjective Form: مسی (Mesi) - Meaning 'coppery' or 'made of copper'.

او موهایی به رنگ مس دارد.
(She has copper-colored hair.)

Using the word 'mes' in a sentence is relatively straightforward because it functions as a standard uncountable noun in most contexts. However, its usage can vary depending on whether you are talking about the material itself, objects made from it, or its industrial properties. In everyday Persian, you will often find 'mes' as the subject or object of sentences involving cooking, shopping, or science.

As a Material: When describing what something is made of, use the preposition 'az' (from/of). Example: 'این سینی از مس است' (This tray is of copper).

رسانایی الکتریکی مس بسیار بالا است.
(The electrical conductivity of copper is very high.)

In a shopping context, you might ask for the weight of the copper, as it is often sold by weight in traditional bazaars. You would say, 'این مس چند کیلو است؟' (How many kilos is this copper?). Note that in this context, 'mes' refers to the copper object itself. If you are talking about the color, 'mes' acts as a noun of color: 'رنگ مس' (the color of copper). To turn it into an adjective, you add the 'i' suffix to get 'mesi' (مسی).

In Industry: 'استخراج مس' (Copper extraction) is a common term in news. 'معادن مس' (Copper mines) is another frequent collocation.

ایران ذخایر عظیمی از مس دارد.
(Iran has vast reserves of copper.)

In more advanced usage, 'mes' appears in scientific formulas and chemical discussions. For example, 'سولفات مس' (Copper sulfate) is used in agriculture. In artistic contexts, 'قلم‌زنی روی مس' (engraving on copper) is a specific craft you might discuss when talking about Persian art. When using 'mes' in sentences, keep in mind its physical properties like 'narm' (soft) and 'chokosh-pazir' (malleable). These adjectives often accompany the word in descriptive writing.

Metaphorical Usage: 'مس وجود' (The copper of existence) is a poetic way to refer to the raw, unrefined human soul.

عشق مس را به طلا تبدیل می‌کند.
(Love turns copper into gold.)

Finally, consider the verb 'mes-andud kardan' which means to coat something with copper. While less common for beginners, it shows the versatility of the root. For A2 learners, focus on the sentence pattern: [Subject] + [Preposition 'az'] + [Mes] + [Verb 'sakhte shodan']. For example: 'این قاشق از مس ساخته شده است' (This spoon is made of copper). This pattern will serve you well in any museum or bazaar visit.

The word 'mes' is ubiquitous in Iran, but there are specific environments where you are guaranteed to encounter it. The most iconic location is the 'Bazaar-e Mesgar-ha'. In almost every major historical city—Isfahan, Tabriz, Yazd, and Kerman—there is a dedicated section of the traditional bazaar for coppersmiths. Here, the word 'mes' is shouted by vendors, discussed by buyers weighing pots, and echoed by the hammers of the smiths. If you are walking through the bazaar in Isfahan, you might hear a vendor say, 'خانم، این مس زنجان است، عالیه!' (Madam, this is Zanjan copper, it's excellent!).

At the Kitchen: Grandmothers and traditional cooks often talk about 'zorouf-e mesi' (copper dishes). You might hear: 'غذا در قابلمه مسی خوشمزه‌تر می‌شود' (Food becomes tastier in a copper pot).

باید این قابلمه مس را برای سفیدکاری ببرم.
(I must take this copper pot for tinning/whitening.)

Another place you will hear 'mes' is in the news, specifically the economic section. Iran's National Copper Industries Company (NICICO) is a major player on the Tehran Stock Exchange. News anchors frequently report on 'gheymat-e jahani-ye mes' (global copper prices) or 'تولید مس' (copper production). For someone living in a mining town like Rafsanjan, 'mes' is the primary topic of local economy and employment conversations.

In Schools: Science teachers use 'mes' as the primary example when teaching about electricity. Students hear: 'مس رسانای خوبی است' (Copper is a good conductor).

سیم‌های برق معمولاً از مس هستند.
(Electrical wires are usually made of copper.)

In art galleries or craft workshops, 'mes' is mentioned during 'Qalam-zani' (metal engraving) demonstrations. Artisans will explain how they use 'mes' because of its softness compared to steel. You might hear: 'کار روی مس ظرافت بیشتری می‌طلبد' (Working on copper requires more delicacy). Even in sports, 'Mes Kerman' is a well-known football club named after the copper industry in that region, so you will hear the word mentioned in sports broadcasts. Whether it's the clanging of a workshop, the formal tone of a news report, or the cheering of a football stadium, 'mes' is a word that echoes through many layers of Iranian life.

In Modern Design: Interior designers in Tehran often use 'rang-e mesi' (copper color) for modern lighting fixtures and decor, blending traditional material with modern style.

این لوستر با ورقه‌های مس تزئین شده است.
(This chandelier is decorated with copper sheets.)

For English speakers, the word 'mes' is a 'false friend' in terms of spelling but not meaning. The most common mistake is associating it with the English word 'mess' (disorder). In Persian, 'mes' has absolutely no negative connotation of clutter or dirt; it is a valuable and respected metal. Another common error is in pronunciation. English speakers might try to pronounce it with a long 'e' (like 'mees'), but it must be a short 'e' like in the word 'best' or 'test'.

Pronunciation Error: Saying /miːs/ instead of /mes/. The short 'e' is crucial for being understood.

اشتباه: این دیگ از میس است. (Incorrect pronunciation)
درست: این دیگ از مس است. (Correct)

Another mistake involves confusing copper (mes) with its alloys, specifically bronze (berenj) and brass (makhloot-e mes va ruy). In the bazaar, many items look like copper but are actually brass. Brass is 'berenj' in Persian. Beginners often call everything 'mes' because it's the more famous word, but a seasoned shopper knows the difference. Copper is more reddish, while brass is more yellowish. Confusing these can lead to overpaying for items.

Vocabulary Confusion: Confusing 'Mes' (Copper) with 'Berenj' (Brass/Bronze or Rice). Yes, 'berenj' means both rice and brass, which is a common source of confusion for learners!

آیا این ظرف مس است یا برنج؟
(Is this dish copper or brass?)

In writing, ensure you don't confuse 'mes' (مس) with 'mas' (which isn't a word but might be a misspelling of 'mast' - yogurt). The spelling is simple: Mim (م) followed by Sin (س). Some learners also struggle with the adjective 'mesi' (مسی). They might forget the 'i' suffix when describing a copper object, saying 'ghablam-e mes' instead of 'ghablame-ye mesi'. While people will understand you, using the 'i' suffix is more grammatically correct for adjectives.

Cultural Mistake: Assuming all copper is the same. In Iran, the origin (like Zanjan or Isfahan) matters greatly. Always ask 'Mes-e koja-st?' (Where is the copper from?).

این بشقاب مسی کار دست است.
(This copper plate is handmade.)

To truly master the word 'mes', it is helpful to understand the surrounding vocabulary of metals and materials. Persian has a specific set of words for metals that often appear alongside copper in various contexts, from the kitchen to the laboratory.

Berenj (برنج): Meaning 'Brass' (and also 'Rice'). Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. It is yellower and harder than pure copper. In decorative arts, 'berenj' is a very common alternative to 'mes'.
Makhroot (مفرغ): Meaning 'Bronze'. This is an alloy of copper and tin. It is historically significant and often discussed in museums alongside copper artifacts.

تفاوت مس و مفرغ در میزان قلع آن‌هاست.
(The difference between copper and bronze is in their tin content.)

When discussing the color, you might use 'sorkh' (red) as an alternative description. Copper is often called 'felez-e sorkh' (the red metal) to distinguish it from 'felez-e zard' (the yellow metal, referring to gold or brass). If you are looking for modern alternatives to copper cookware, you might hear 'steel' (استیل) or 'taflon' (تفلون). However, in the context of traditional Persian stews, 'mes' is considered superior for heat distribution.

Ahan (آهن): Meaning 'Iron'. While 'mes' is soft and reddish, 'ahan' is hard and greyish. They are the two most fundamental metals in Persian vocabulary.
Tala (طلا): Meaning 'Gold'. As mentioned in the 'Common Phrases' section, copper and gold are often paired in metaphors about value and transformation.

قیمت طلا بسیار بیشتر از مس است.
(The price of gold is much more than copper.)

In a scientific or industrial context, you might hear 'Cu' (using the Latin symbol) or the full chemical name, but 'mes' remains the standard term. For learners, mastering the trio of 'mes' (copper), 'ahan' (iron), and 'tala' (gold) provides a solid foundation for describing materials in Persian. Each has its own set of cultural associations: iron for strength, gold for wealth, and copper for the warmth of the home and the skill of the artisan.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'mes' is so ancient that it predates most modern metallurgical terms in the region. It is one of the few words that has remained almost unchanged for over a millennium.

发音指南

UK /mes/

US /mes/

The stress is on the single syllable.

押韵词

حس (Hes - Sense) نفس (Nafas - Breath - partial) کس (Kas - Person) بس (Bas - Enough) نحس (Nahs - Ominous - partial) حبس (Habs - Imprisonment - partial) درس (Dars - Lesson - partial) ترس (Tars - Fear - partial)

常见错误

Pronouncing it like 'mees' (long e).
Adding an extra vowel sound at the end like 'messe'.
Confusing the 's' with a 'z' sound.
Pronouncing it like the English word 'mass'.
Over-emphasizing the 'm' sound.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Very easy to read, only two letters.

写作 1/5

Very easy to write.

口语 2/5

Easy, but watch the short 'e' sound.

听力 2/5

Can be missed in noisy environments due to brevity.

接下来学什么

前置知识

فلز (Metal) قرمز (Red) ظرف (Dish) آهن (Iron) طلا (Gold)

接下来学习

برنج (Brass) قلع (Tin) معدن (Mine) صنایع دستی (Handicrafts) رسانا (Conductor)

高级

متالورژی (Metallurgy) اکسیداسیون (Oxidation) آلیاژ (Alloy) کیمیاگری (Alchemy) قلم‌زنی (Engraving)

需要掌握的语法

Material Adjectives

Adding 'i' to 'mes' makes 'mesi' (made of copper).

Preposition 'Az' for composition

این از مس است (This is [made] of copper).

Ezafe Construction

دیگِ مس (Pot of copper).

Uncountable Noun usage

Mes is used without 'a/an' usually.

Compound Noun formation

Mes + gar = Mesgar (The person who works with copper).

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按水平分级的例句

این مس است.

This is copper.

Simple subject-verb sentence.

مس قرمز است.

Copper is red.

Noun + adjective.

من مس را دوست دارم.

I like copper.

Direct object with 'ra'.

یک دیگ مس.

A copper pot.

Noun phrase.

مس گران است.

Copper is expensive.

Simple descriptive sentence.

این چیست؟ این مس است.

What is this? This is copper.

Question and answer.

مس یک فلز است.

Copper is a metal.

Classification sentence.

رنگ مس زیباست.

The color of copper is beautiful.

Possessive construction (Ezafe).

این قابلمه از مس ساخته شده است.

This pot is made of copper.

Passive construction with 'az ... sakhte shodan'.

او یک سینی مسی دارد.

He has a copper tray.

Using the adjective 'mesi'.

مس در بازار فروخته می‌شود.

Copper is sold in the bazaar.

Present passive.

ما در ظرف مسی غذا می‌خوریم.

We eat food in a copper dish.

Prepositional phrase.

آیا این مس خالص است؟

Is this pure copper?

Interrogative with adjective.

قیمت مس امروز چقدر است؟

How much is the price of copper today?

Inquiry about price.

مس نرم‌تر از آهن است.

Copper is softer than iron.

Comparative adjective.

او موهای مسی رنگ دارد.

She has copper-colored hair.

Compound adjective for color.

مس به دلیل رسانایی بالا در سیم‌کشی استفاده می‌شود.

Copper is used in wiring due to high conductivity.

Reasoning with 'be dalil-e'.

بسیاری از صنایع دستی ایران از مس هستند.

Many of Iran's handicrafts are made of copper.

Plural subject.

مسگرها با چکش روی مس طرح می‌زنند.

Coppersmiths create designs on copper with hammers.

Subject-verb-object with instrument.

برای جلوگیری از مسمومیت، ظرف مس را قلع‌اندود می‌کنند.

To prevent poisoning, they coat the copper vessel with tin.

Purpose clause with 'baraye'.

ذخایر مس ایران در جهان رتبه بالایی دارد.

Iran's copper reserves have a high rank in the world.

Abstract noun phrase.

مس در مجاورت هوا تغییر رنگ می‌دهد.

Copper changes color in the presence of air.

Scientific observation.

آشپزهای حرفه‌ای از دیگ مس استفاده می‌کنند.

Professional chefs use copper pots.

Subject with adjective.

این مجسمه از ترکیب مس و روی ساخته شده است.

This statue is made from a combination of copper and zinc.

Compound material description.

نوسانات قیمت مس بر اقتصاد منطقه تأثیر گذاشته است.

Fluctuations in copper prices have affected the region's economy.

Complex subject with impact verb.

استخراج مس از اعماق زمین فرآیندی دشوار است.

Extracting copper from deep underground is a difficult process.

Gerund-like subject phrase.

در ادبیات عرفانی، مس نماد روح ناخالص انسان است.

In mystical literature, copper is a symbol of the human's impure soul.

Symbolic/Academic context.

آلیاژهای مس در صنایع هوافضا کاربرد گسترده‌ای دارند.

Copper alloys have wide applications in the aerospace industry.

Technical terminology.

هنر قلم‌زنی روی مس یکی از افتخارات اصفهان است.

The art of engraving on copper is one of the prides of Isfahan.

Complex predicate.

مس به راحتی بازیافت می‌شود بدون اینکه کیفیتش را از دست بدهد.

Copper is easily recycled without losing its quality.

Conjunction 'bedun-e inke'.

کمبود مس در بدن می‌تواند باعث بیماری شود.

Copper deficiency in the body can cause illness.

Medical/Scientific context.

معماران از ورق‌های مس برای نمای ساختمان استفاده می‌کنند.

Architects use copper sheets for building facades.

Professional usage.

پتینه سبز روی مس نشان‌دهنده قدمت تاریخی آن است.

The green patina on the copper indicates its historical age.

Advanced vocabulary (Patina).

فرآیند ذوب مس در کوره نیازمند دمای بسیار بالایی است.

The process of melting copper in a furnace requires a very high temperature.

Formal industrial description.

عارفان معتقدند عشق کیمیایی است که مس وجود را طلا می‌کند.

Mystics believe love is an alchemy that turns the copper of existence into gold.

Metaphorical/Philosophical.

تحلیل‌های متالورژیکی نشان می‌دهند که این مس حاوی ناخالصی است.

Metallurgical analyses show that this copper contains impurities.

Scientific reporting.

توسعه معادن مس مستلزم سرمایه‌گذاری‌های کلان خارجی است.

Developing copper mines requires massive foreign investment.

Economic/Formal register.

ویژگی‌های فیزیکی مس آن را به گزینه‌ای ایده‌آل برای مبدل‌های حرارتی تبدیل کرده است.

The physical properties of copper have made it an ideal choice for heat exchangers.

Advanced syntax.

در دوره کالکولیتیک، بشر برای نخستین بار به دانش ذوب مس دست یافت.

In the Chalcolithic period, mankind first achieved the knowledge of copper smelting.

Historical/Academic terminology.

صادرات مس نقش حیاتی در تراز تجاری کشور ایفا می‌کند.

Copper exports play a vital role in the country's trade balance.

Formal economic phrase.

سیاست‌های انقباضی بازار بر نرخ آتی مس تأثیر منفی گذاشته است.

Contractionary market policies have negatively affected copper futures rates.

High-level economic jargon.

بررسی‌های ایزوتوپی مس می‌تواند منشأ جغرافیایی اشیاء باستانی را فاش کند.

Isotopic analysis of copper can reveal the geographical origin of ancient objects.

Advanced scientific research language.

استحاله مس به طلا در کیمیاگری نمادی از کمال معنوی است.

The transmutation of copper into gold in alchemy is a symbol of spiritual perfection.

Philosophical/Esoteric vocabulary.

رسانندگی فوق‌العاده مس در دماهای پایین موضوع پژوهش‌های نوین فیزیک است.

The extraordinary conductivity of copper at low temperatures is a subject of modern physics research.

Specialized scientific syntax.

ساختار کریستالی مس به آن اجازه می‌دهد تا تحت فشار زیاد تغییر شکل دهد.

The crystalline structure of copper allows it to deform under high pressure.

Crystallographic terminology.

تأثیرات زیست‌محیطی پساب‌های ناشی از تصفیه مس نگران‌کننده است.

The environmental impacts of wastewater resulting from copper refining are concerning.

Environmental/Technical register.

کاربرد مس در فناوری نانو افق‌های جدیدی در پزشکی گشوده است.

The use of copper in nanotechnology has opened new horizons in medicine.

Cutting-edge science terminology.

ظرافت‌های هنری در قلم‌زنی مس بازتابی از جهان‌بینی هنرمند است.

The artistic subtleties in copper engraving are a reflection of the artist's worldview.

Art criticism/Philosophical register.

常见搭配

معدن مس

ظرف مسی

سیم مسی

قیمت مس

رنگ مسی

تولید مس

بازار مسگرها

قلع‌ اندود کردن مس

قلم‌زنی روی مس

ذوب مس

常用短语

مس وجود

— The raw or unrefined human soul.

عشق مس وجود را طلا می‌کند.

سفید کردن مس

— To tin the inside of a copper pot.

این دیگ نیاز به سفید کردن دارد.

مس خالص

— Pure copper without alloys.

این سینی از مس خالص است.

ضایعات مس

— Copper scrap or waste.

ضایعات مس را می‌خرند.

ورق مس

— Copper sheet.

ورق مس برای سقف استفاده شد.

آلیاژ مس

— Copper alloy.

برنج یک آلیاژ مس است.

مس زنجان

— Copperware from the city of Zanjan (known for quality).

این مس زنجان است.

رسانای مس

— Copper conductor.

مس بهترین رسانا است.

سکه مسی

— Copper coin.

سکه مسی قدیمی پیدا شد.

لوله مسی

— Copper pipe.

لوله مسی کولر گازی.

容易混淆的词

مس vs موش (Moosh)

Sounds slightly similar to a beginner, but means mouse.

مس vs میز (Miz)

Means table; sounds similar in a loud bazaar.

مس vs مست (Mast)

Means drunk; has an extra 't' but similar start.

习语与表达

"مس وجود را طلا کردن"

— To undergo a profound spiritual or personal transformation.

او با مطالعه مس وجودش را طلا کرد.

Poetic/Mystical

"صدای مسگرها"

— A reference to a very noisy place (like a coppersmith market).

اینجا مثل بازار مسگرهاست!

Informal

"مثل مس سرخ شدن"

— To turn very red (usually from anger or embarrassment).

از عصبانیت مثل مس سرخ شد.

Informal

"کیمیای عشق و مس"

— The idea that love can change the most basic things into something valuable.

در این دنیا، عشق کیمیای مس است.

Literary

"مس و طلا"

— Comparing something basic/cheap with something valuable/perfect.

کار این دو نفر مثل مس و طلاست.

General

"به مس زدن"

— In some dialects, to try something basic or to start from scratch.

باید دوباره به مس بزنیم.

Dialectal

"چکش‌خوار بودن"

— Being malleable (like copper).

اخلاق او چکش‌خوار است.

Metaphorical

"سفیدبخت شدن مثل مس تازه"

— To become lucky or shiny (like newly tinned copper).

ان‌شاءالله مثل مس تازه سفیدبخت شوی.

Old-fashioned/Blessing

"روی مس نوشتن"

— To do something permanent or lasting.

حرف او را باید روی مس نوشت.

Metaphorical

"قیمت مس داشتن"

— Being valuable but common.

این وسیله قیمت مس دارد.

Colloquial

容易混淆

مس vs برنج (Berenj)

Both are metals used for dishes.

Mes is pure copper (red), Berenj is brass (yellow).

این مس است یا برنج؟

مس vs مفرغ (Mafragh)

Both are copper-based.

Mafragh is bronze (copper + tin), usually darker and harder.

مجسمه مفرغی.

مس vs روی (Ruy)

Used in alloys with copper.

Ruy is zinc (grey/silver color).

ترکیب مس و روی.

مس vs استیل (Steel)

Modern alternative for pots.

Steel is silver and much harder.

قابلمه استیل.

مس vs طلا (Tala)

Metaphorically linked.

Tala is gold; much more expensive.

مس را به طلا تبدیل کرد.

句型

این [Material] است.

این مس است.

این [Object] از [Material] است.

این سینی از مس است.

[Material] برای [Purpose] خوب است.

مس برای پخت و پز خوب است.

[Location] به خاطر [Material] معروف است.

زنجان به خاطر مس معروف است.

قیمت [Material] در حال [Action] است.

قیمت مس در حال افزایش است.

[Material] نقش مهمی در [Field] دارد.

مس نقش مهمی در صنعت برق دارد.

استحاله [Material] به [Material] ...

استحاله مس به طلا ...

ویژگی‌های [Material] باعث شده که ...

ویژگی‌های مس باعث شده که کاربرد زیادی داشته باشد.

词族

名词

مسگر (Mesgar - Coppersmith)

مسگری (Mesgari - Coppersmithing)

مسی (Mesi - Copper object/color)

动词

مس‌ اندود کردن (Mes-andud kardan - To copper-plate)

形容词

مسی (Mesi - Coppery)

مس‌ فام (Mes-fam - Copper-colored)

如何使用

frequency

High, especially in trade, crafts, and science.

常见错误

Using 'mees' (long e) → mes (short e)
The vowel is short, like 'best'.
Confusing it with 'berenj' → mes (copper) vs berenj (brass)
Copper is red; brass is yellow.
Saying 'ghablameh mes' → ghablameh-ye mesi
You need the 'i' suffix for the adjective.
Thinking 'mes' means a mess/disorder → mes = copper
It is a false friend with English.
Pluralizing to 'mes-ha' for dishes → zorouf-e mesi
Use 'dishes' + 'copper' rather than pluralizing the metal.

小贴士

Check the weight

Genuine copper is heavy. If a 'copper' pot feels light, it might be aluminum with a copper coating.

Visit the Bazaar

To hear the word 'mes' in its natural habitat, visit the Coppersmiths' Bazaar in Yazd or Isfahan.

Use the suffix

Always use 'mesi' (مسی) when describing an object's material to sound more natural.

Conductivity

Remember 'mes' when talking about electricity; it's the standard word for wiring material.

Heat control

Explain that 'mes' is good for cooking because it heats up fast and evenly.

Ancient Iran

Use 'mes' when discussing the archaeological history of the Sialk mounds.

Sefid-kari

Learn the term 'sefid-kari' as it is the most important maintenance word for copper owners.

Transformation

Use 'mes and tala' metaphors to talk about personal growth.

Mining

Associate 'mes' with the city of Kerman for economic discussions.

Qalam-zani

Look for 'qalam-zani' (engraving) specifically on 'mes' for the best souvenirs.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the English word 'MESS'. Copper is a metal you use when you don't want a MESS in your electrical wiring or your kitchen!

视觉联想

Imagine a bright, shiny reddish-brown pot in a dusty old Persian market.

Word Web

Metal Red Pot Wire Mine Bazaar Heat Zanjan

挑战

Try to find three items in your house that might contain 'mes' and say their names in Persian.

词源

Derived from Middle Persian 'mis'. It has been a stable word in the Iranian language family for thousands of years.

原始含义： Copper, the metal.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化背景

None. The word is completely neutral and safe to use.

In English-speaking cultures, copper is often associated with pennies or plumbing. In Iran, it is more associated with fine art and traditional cooking.

The movie 'Mes va Tala' (Copper and Gold) is a famous Iranian film about love and spiritual transformation. Rumi's poetry often uses copper as a metaphor for the ego. The 'Mes Kerman' football team is a major cultural icon in the Kerman province.

在生活中练习

真实语境

In the Bazaar

این مس خالص است؟
قیمت هر کیلو مس چند است؟
مس زنجان دارید؟
این ظرف مسی قدیمی است؟

In the Kitchen

غذا را در دیگ مسی بپز.
باید این مس را سفید کنیم.
ظرف مسی حرارت را خوب پخش می‌کند.
مراقب باش مس خش برندارد.

In a Science Class

مس رسانای الکتریسیته است.
نماد شیمیایی مس Cu است.
مس یک عنصر فلزی است.
سیم‌ها از مس هستند.

At a Museum

این ابزارها از عصر مس هستند.
مس در ایران باستان بسیار مهم بود.
قلم‌زنی روی مس را ببینید.
این سکه‌ها از مس ساخته شده‌اند.

In Economic News

صادرات مس افزایش یافت.
بازار جهانی مس نوسان دارد.
سهام شرکت مس را بخرید.
ایران ذخایر بزرگ مس دارد.

对话开场白

"آیا شما در خانه ظروف مسی دارید؟ (Do you have copper dishes at home?)"

"به نظر شما چرا مس در ایران اینقدر محبوب است؟ (Why do you think copper is so popular in Iran?)"

"آیا تا به حال به بازار مسگرها در اصفهان رفته‌اید؟ (Have you ever been to the coppersmith bazaar in Isfahan?)"

"آیا می‌دانستید ایران یکی از بزرگترین تولیدکنندگان مس است؟ (Did you know Iran is one of the largest copper producers?)"

"رنگ مسی را برای دکوراسیون دوست دارید؟ (Do you like copper color for decoration?)"

日记主题

درباره زیبایی ظروف مسی در یک بازار قدیمی بنویسید. (Write about the beauty of copper dishes in an old bazaar.)

چرا مس به عنوان یک فلز استراتژیک شناخته می‌شود؟ (Why is copper known as a strategic metal?)

تفاوت حس پخت و پز در ظرف مسی و ظرف‌های مدرن چیست؟ (What is the difference in the feeling of cooking in a copper pot vs. modern pots?)

داستانی درباره یک مسگر پیر بگویید. (Tell a story about an old coppersmith.)

اهمیت مس در تاریخ باستان ایران را توصیف کنید. (Describe the importance of copper in ancient Iranian history.)

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, but in Persian tradition, the inside must be 'white' (tinned) to prevent the copper from reacting with acidic food. This process is called 'Sefid-kari'.

Zanjan has a centuries-old tradition of coppersmithing and is near major copper mines, making it the hub for high-quality handmade copper items.

People often use a mixture of salt and vinegar or specialized polishing pastes available in the bazaar.

It is a poetic term for the basic human self that needs to be 'transformed' into something better (gold) through love or wisdom.

It is more expensive than aluminum or steel but cheaper than silver or gold. It is sold by weight (kilo).

Yes, the 'Bazaar-e Mesgar-ha' in Isfahan is one of the most famous places to buy engraved copper.

It is a reddish-brown, metallic color, like a new penny.

No, it is not used as a person's name, but it appears in the names of sports clubs and companies.

The chemical symbol is Cu, from the Latin 'Cuprum'.

Sometimes, but it is more common in large decorative pieces and kitchenware than in fine jewelry.

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