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A1 noun #4,000 最常用 8分钟阅读

نامه

Q: How do I pluralize 'nāme'?

The plural is 'نامهها' (nāmehā). In very formal or poetic contexts, you might see 'نامهجات' (nāme-jāt), but this is rare in modern speech.

前4,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 نامه 30秒了解

解析 نامه in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'نامه' (nāme) is one of the first nouns you learn related to communication. You should focus on simple sentences like 'I have a letter' (Man nāme dāram) or 'I write a letter' (Man nāme minivisam). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex formal structures. Just know that 'nāme' refers to the physical object you put in an envelope (pākat). You should also learn the basic verb 'post kardan' (to mail). Imagine you are sending a postcard or a simple note to a friend; that is your A1 context for 'nāme'.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'نامه' in more varied contexts, such as describing your daily routine or past actions. You might say, 'Yesterday, I received a letter from my family' (Dirūz yek nāme az khānevādeh-am daryāft kardam). You also start to learn compound words that include 'nāme', like 'kārnāme' (report card) or 'gūvāhīnāme' (license). You should be able to distinguish between a 'nāme' and a 'payām' (message) and use the correct prepositions like 'be' (to) and 'az' (from) when talking about sending and receiving correspondence.

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By B1, you are expected to handle more practical situations, such as writing a 'nāme-ye edāri' (administrative letter) or a 'nāme-ye rasmi' (formal letter). You will learn the specific vocabulary for openings and closings, such as 'Bā ehterām' (With respect). You'll also encounter 'nāme' in the context of news and media, such as 'nāme-ye sargoshāde' (open letter). At this level, you should understand the cultural importance of letter writing in Iran and be able to describe the process of mailing something at a 'postkhāne' (post office) using more complex grammar like the passive voice ('Nāme ferestāde shod').

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At the B2 level, you explore the literary and historical dimensions of 'نامه'. You will learn about the suffix '-nāme' used in classical Persian literature to denote 'The Book of' something. This includes understanding titles like 'Shahnameh' (The Book of Kings) or 'Safar-nameh' (Travelogue). You should be able to discuss the nuances between 'nāme' and its Arabic-rooted synonyms like 'maktūb' or 'morāsele'. You will also study the role of 'nāme' in Iranian history, such as the famous letters of the Qajar or Pahlavi eras, and how they shaped political discourse.

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At the C1 level, you use 'نامه' in highly specialized and academic contexts. This includes legal terminology like 'asāsnāme' (statute), 'āyīnnāme' (bylaw), and 'vasiyat-nāme' (last will and testament). You should be able to analyze the rhetorical style of formal Persian correspondence, which often uses complex sentence structures and archaic vocabulary to show respect and authority. You will also study the epistolary tradition in Persian literature, where 'nāme' is used as a narrative device in novels and classical prose to reveal the inner thoughts of characters.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'نامه' in all its forms. You can appreciate and produce the 'Torsol' style of writing—an elaborate, highly stylized form of prose used in historical royal chancelleries. You understand the philosophical implications of 'nāme' in Sufi poetry, where it often represents the 'divine decree' or the 'human heart' as a letter written by God. You can navigate the most complex bureaucratic jargon and write nuanced, persuasive open letters or legal documents that adhere to the highest standards of Persian eloquence and 'Adab' (etiquette).

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

نامه 30秒了解

Nāme means 'letter' and is used for both personal and formal written correspondence in Persian.
It is a versatile word that also appears as a suffix in famous book titles like the Shahnameh.
Common verbs used with it include 'neveshtan' (to write) and 'ferestādan' (to send).
In modern times, it distinguishes formal letters from casual digital messages (payām).

The Persian word نامه (nāme) is a foundational noun in the Persian language, primarily translating to 'letter' or 'correspondence' in English. However, its linguistic depth extends far beyond a simple piece of paper sent through the mail. In its most basic sense, it refers to a written communication addressed to a person or organization. In modern Persian, this covers everything from a handwritten note to a formal business letter. Historically and etymologically, 'nāme' is derived from the Middle Persian 'nāmag,' which meant a book, account, or record. This explains why many of the most famous works in Persian literature end with this suffix, such as the Shahnameh (The Book of Kings) or the Safar-nameh (The Travelogue). When you use 'nāme' today, you are participating in a tradition of written records that spans millennia.

Daily Usage: In everyday life, Iranians use 'nāme' to refer to official documents, postal mail, and sometimes metaphorically to describe a long story or explanation. With the advent of technology, the word has evolved into 'rāyānāme' (email), though many people still simply say 'email' or 'nāme-ye electrōniki'.

من دیروز یک نامه برای مادرم نوشتم.
(I wrote a letter to my mother yesterday.)

Understanding the context of 'nāme' requires recognizing the distinction between formal and informal registers. In a formal setting, a 'nāme' might be an 'arize' (petition) or a 'hokm' (decree), but 'nāme' remains the umbrella term. The act of writing a letter is deeply respected in Persian culture, often associated with the 'dabir' (scribe) class of ancient times. Even today, the way one addresses a 'nāme'—using specific honorifics like 'Jenāb-e āghā-ye' or 'Sarkār-e khānom-e'—reflects the complex social hierarchy and etiquette known as Ta'arof.

Literary Context: The suffix '-nāme' converts a noun into a 'Book of' or 'Record of'. For example, 'Pand-nāme' is a book of advice, and 'Kār-nāme' is a report card or record of work.

او کارنامه تحصیلی خود را گرفت.
(He received his academic report card.)

Using 'nāme' correctly involves pairing it with the right verbs and prepositions. The most common verb is 'neveshtan' (to write). When you write a letter *to* someone, you use the preposition 'barāye' (for) or 'be' (to). For example, 'Be dūstam nāme neveshtam' (I wrote a letter to my friend). Another essential verb is 'ferestādan' (to send). In the digital age, 'ersāl kardan' (to dispatch/send) is frequently used in formal or technical contexts. If you are the recipient, you 'daryāft mikonid' (receive) the letter. The word 'nāme' usually takes the direct object marker 'rā' if it is a specific letter being discussed: 'Nāme rā post kardam' (I mailed the letter).

آیا نامه من به دستت رسید؟
(Did my letter reach your hand/get to you?)

Adjectives often follow 'nāme' to specify its type. A 'nāme-ye rasmi' is a formal letter, while a 'nāme-ye dūstāne' is a friendly one. If it's a love letter, it's a 'nāme-ye āsheghāne'. Note the use of the Ezafe (the -ye or -e sound) connecting the noun to the adjective. In administrative Persian, you will encounter 'nāme-ye edāri' (administrative letter). These letters follow a very strict structure: the 'sar-bargh' (letterhead), the 'shomāre' (number), and the 'tārikh' (date) are all essential components that define the 'nāme' as a valid legal or professional document.

Common Verb Pairings: 1. Nāme dādan (To give/send a letter) 2. Nāme daryāft kardan (To receive a letter) 3. Nāme khāndan (To read a letter) 4. Nāme rā bāz kardan (To open a letter)

لطفاً این نامه را امضا کنید.
(Please sign this letter.)

You will encounter the word 'nāme' in various spheres of Iranian life. In the post office (postkhāne), it is the primary term used for any flat correspondence. If you are waiting for a package, you might ask about your 'nāme' or 'basteh'. In government offices, 'nāme-negāri' (the art of letter writing) is a critical skill. You will hear officials say, 'Nāme-ye shomā dar hāl-e baresi ast' (Your letter is under review). This phrase is a staple of Iranian bureaucracy. Beyond the physical letter, the word appears in the titles of laws and official documents, such as 'āyīn-nāme' (regulations/bylaws) or 'asās-nāme' (statute/constitution).

پستچی یک نامه برای شما آورد.
(The mailman brought a letter for you.)

In the world of arts and media, 'nāme' is a frequent guest. Many famous Persian songs revolve around the theme of a 'nāme' sent to a distant lover. In cinema, the 'film-nāme' (screenplay) is the blueprint of any production. If you listen to the news, you might hear about 'nāme-ye sargoshāde' (open letter) sent by political figures or activists to the public or to world leaders. The word carries a weight of formality and permanence that 'payām' (message) or 'chat' (chat) lacks. When someone says they have a 'nāme' for you, it usually implies something more significant than a quick text message.

Administrative Terms: 1. Dabir-khāne (Secretariat - where letters are filed) 2. Shomāre-ye Nāme (Letter reference number) 3. Nāme-ye Mahramāne (Confidential letter)

One of the most common mistakes for English speakers learning Persian is using 'nāme' when they actually mean 'payām' (message). While in English we might say 'I sent him a quick letter' to mean a short note, in Persian, 'nāme' almost always implies a formal or structured piece of writing. If you are sending a text on WhatsApp or Telegram, use 'payām' or 'payāmak' (SMS). Using 'nāme' for a text message sounds archaic or overly dramatic. Another mistake is forgetting the plural form. While 'nāmehā' is the standard plural, some learners accidentally use the Arabic-style plural 'namāt', which does not exist. Stick to the Persian suffix '-hā'.

❌ من برای او یک نامه در واتس‌اپ فرستادم.
✅ من برای او یک پیام در واتس‌اپ فرستادم.

Another nuance involves the word 'email'. While 'rāyānāme' is the official Persian word coined by the Academy of Persian Language and Literature, it is rarely used in casual conversation. If you use 'rāyānāme' in a coffee shop, people will understand you, but it might sound like you are reading from a textbook. Use 'email' for casual talk and 'nāme-ye electrōniki' or 'rāyānāme' for very formal writing. Additionally, be careful with the word 'kārnāme'. While it contains 'nāme', it specifically means a report card. You cannot use 'nāme' alone to mean a report card; you must use the full compound word.

Confusing Compounds: 1. Gūvāhī-nāme (Driver's license - not just a 'letter' of witness) 2. Shenāsnāme (Birth certificate/ID - not just a 'letter' of identity)

To enrich your Persian vocabulary, it's helpful to know words related to 'nāme' that offer different shades of meaning. The word مکتوب (maktūb) is an Arabic loanword used in formal or literary Persian to mean 'that which is written' or 'a written communication'. While 'nāme' is the everyday word, 'maktūb' appears in historical texts and high-level diplomatic correspondence. Another alternative is مراسله (morāsele), which specifically refers to the act of correspondence or the exchange of letters. It is often used in the plural 'morāselāt' to describe the ongoing communication between two parties.

Comparison Table

Nāme: General term for letter (Persian origin).
Maktūb: Formal/Literary written document (Arabic origin).
Payām: Short message or notification.
Raqame: An old-fashioned, humble way to refer to one's own letter.

For specific types of 'nāme', Persian has unique terms. An عریضه (arīze) is a formal petition or request addressed to a superior or a holy figure. A طومار (tūmār) is a scroll or a very long letter, often used today to describe a long list of grievances signed by many people. If you are talking about a handwritten note, you might use یادداشت (yāddāsht). Understanding these alternatives allows you to choose the word that best fits the formality and intent of your communication.

او یک یادداشت کوتاه روی میز گذاشت.
(He left a short note on the table.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'nām' (name) is cognate with the English word 'name'. In ancient times, a 'nāmag' was a document that carried the 'name' or authority of the sender.

发音指南

UK /nɒːmɛ/

US /nɒːme/

The stress is usually on the first syllable 'nā'.

押韵词

جامه (jāme - garment) خامه (khāme - cream/pen) نامه (nāme - letter) چکامه (chakāme - poem) برنامه (barnāme - program) روزنامه (rūznāme - newspaper) کارنامه (kārnāme - report card) هنگامه (hengāme - uproar)

常见错误

Pronouncing the final 'e' as a long 'ee' like 'nā-mee'. It should be a short 'e'.
Pronouncing the 'ā' as a short 'a' like 'cat'. It must be long like 'palm'.
Dropping the final 'e' entirely.
Over-emphasizing the 'h' at the end (the 'h' is silent).
Confusing the 'ā' sound with 'o'.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Very easy to recognize and read in any text.

写作 2/5

Easy to write, but remember the silent 'he' at the end.

口语 1/5

Pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.

听力 1/5

Distinct sound makes it easy to hear in conversation.

接下来学什么

前置知识

من (I) نوشتن (To write) کتاب (Book) مداد (Pencil) دوست (Friend)

接下来学习

پاکت (Envelope) پست (Post) تمبر (Stamp) آدرس (Address) فرستادن (To send)

高级

مراسله (Correspondence) مکتوب (Written document) ترسل (Art of letter writing) عریضه (Petition) سیاست‌نامه (Book of Government)

需要掌握的语法

The Ezafe with 'نامه'

نامه یِ من (nāme-ye man) - My letter. Because it ends in a silent 'he', we add a 'ye' sound.

Pluralization with '-hā'

نامه‌ها (nāmehā) - Letters. Standard plural for inanimate objects.

Compound Verb Construction

نامه نوشتن (nāme neveshtan) - To letter-write. 'Nāme' acts as the direct object.

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

نامه را فرستادم (nāme rā ferestādam) - I sent the letter. Use 'rā' when the letter is specific.

Suffix '-nāme'

روزنامه (rūznāme). The suffix turns the root into a 'book' or 'record' of that root.

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按水平分级的例句

من یک نامه دارم.

I have a letter.

Simple Subject + Object + Verb structure.

این نامه برای تو است.

This letter is for you.

Use of 'barāye' for 'for'.

او نامه می‌نویسد.

He/She is writing a letter.

Present continuous sense of the verb 'neveshtan'.

نامه کجاست؟

Where is the letter?

Interrogative sentence.

من نامه را پست کردم.

I mailed the letter.

Use of 'rā' for a specific direct object.

یک نامه روی میز است.

A letter is on the table.

Prepositional phrase 'rū-ye' (on).

نامه را بخوان.

Read the letter.

Imperative form of 'khāndan'.

نامه کوچک است.

The letter is small.

Simple adjective usage.

دیروز برای دوستم نامه نوشتم.

Yesterday I wrote a letter to my friend.

Past tense 'neveshtam'.

آیا نامه را فرستادی؟

Did you send the letter?

Question in the past tense.

من هر ماه یک نامه دریافت می‌کنم.

I receive a letter every month.

Habitual action in the present.

این نامه خیلی طولانی است.

This letter is very long.

Adverb 'kheyli' modifying the adjective.

او نامه را در پاکت گذاشت.

He put the letter in the envelope.

Compound verb 'gozāshtan' with preposition 'dar'.

نامه‌های قدیمی را دور نریز.

Don't throw away old letters.

Negative imperative.

پاکت نامه کجاست؟

Where is the envelope?

Ezafe construction 'pākat-e nāme'.

من نامه را با مداد نوشتم.

I wrote the letter with a pencil.

Instrumental 'bā' (with).

باید یک نامه رسمی به اداره بنویسم.

I must write a formal letter to the office.

Modal verb 'bāyad' with subjunctive.

نامه شما هنوز به دست ما نرسیده است.

Your letter has not yet reached us.

Present perfect negative.

او در نامه‌اش از همه تشکر کرد.

In his letter, he thanked everyone.

Possessive suffix '-ash' (his/her).

این نامه حاوی اطلاعات مهمی است.

This letter contains important information.

Formal vocabulary 'hāvi' (containing).

نامه را با پست سفارشی بفرست.

Send the letter by registered mail.

Specific postal terminology.

او نامه را با دقت خواند.

He read the letter carefully.

Adverbial phrase 'bā deghat'.

آیا نامه من را جواب می‌دهی؟

Will you answer my letter?

Compound verb 'javāb dādan'.

نامه عاشقانه او را خوشحال کرد.

The love letter made her happy.

Subject-Object-Verb with emotional result.

شاهنامه یکی از بزرگترین آثار ادبی ایران است.

The Shahnameh is one of the greatest literary works of Iran.

Use of the '-nāme' suffix for a book title.

او یک نامه سرگشاده به رئیس‌جمهور نوشت.

He wrote an open letter to the president.

Compound adjective 'sargoshāde'.

محتوای نامه بسیار بحث‌برانگیز بود.

The content of the letter was very controversial.

Abstract noun 'mohtavā' (content).

او تمام نامه‌های دوران جنگ را حفظ کرده است.

He has preserved all the letters from the war era.

Present perfect 'hefz karde ast'.

این نامه نشان‌دهنده عمق دوستی آنهاست.

This letter is indicative of the depth of their friendship.

Participle 'neshān-dahande' (showing/indicative).

او در نامه به جزئیات سفرش اشاره کرد.

In the letter, he referred to the details of his trip.

Verb 'eshāre kardan' with preposition 'be'.

نامه را با خط خوش نوشته بود.

He had written the letter in beautiful calligraphy.

Past perfect 'neveshte būd'.

پاسخ نامه باید تا فردا ارسال شود.

The response to the letter must be sent by tomorrow.

Passive voice with modal 'bāyad'.

اساسنامه شرکت باید توسط همه شرکا امضا شود.

The company's statute must be signed by all partners.

Legal term 'asāsnāme'.

این نامه جنبه حقوقی دارد و باید در پرونده ثبت شود.

This letter has a legal aspect and must be recorded in the file.

Formal expression 'janbe-ye hūghūghi dārad'.

او در وصیت‌نامه خود، تمام اموالش را به خیریه بخشید.

In his will, he bequeathed all his property to charity.

Compound noun 'vasiyat-nāme'.

لحن نامه بسیار تند و انتقادی بود.

The tone of the letter was very sharp and critical.

Noun 'lahn' (tone).

او به بندهای مختلف آیین‌نامه اعتراض کرد.

He objected to various clauses of the regulations.

Legal term 'āyīnnāme'.

این مکتوب تاریخی سندی بر حقانیت ملت ماست.

This historical writing is a document of our nation's legitimacy.

Formal synonym 'maktūb'.

او در نامه‌نگاری‌های خود بسیار وسواس به خرج می‌داد.

He was very meticulous in his correspondence.

Compound noun 'nāme-negāri'.

نامه را به صورت محرمانه به دست او برسانید.

Deliver the letter to him confidentially.

Adverbial 'be sūrat-e mahramāne'.

سبک ترسل در نامه‌های عهد قاجار بسیار پیچیده است.

The style of 'Torsol' in Qajar era letters is very complex.

Specialized literary term 'Torsol'.

این نامه بازتابی از تفکرات عرفانی نویسنده است.

This letter is a reflection of the author's mystical thoughts.

Abstract noun 'bāztāb' (reflection).

او در این مراسله، به نقد ساختارهای قدرت می‌پردازد.

In this correspondence, he critiques power structures.

Formal synonym 'morāsele'.

نامه اعمال هر انسان در پیشگاه خداوند گشوده خواهد شد.

The record of every human's deeds will be opened before God.

Religious/Metaphorical usage.

او با بلاغت تمام، مقصود خود را در نامه بیان کرد.

With total eloquence, he expressed his purpose in the letter.

Noun 'balāghat' (eloquence).

این رقعه، هرچند کوتاه، حاوی معانی عمیقی است.

This note, though short, contains deep meanings.

Archaic/Humble term 'roq'e'.

او در نامه‌اش از استعاره‌های پیچیده استفاده کرده است.

He has used complex metaphors in his letter.

Literary term 'este'āre' (metaphor).

سیاست‌نامه خواجه نظام‌الملک متنی کلیدی در اندیشه سیاسی است.

The Siyasat-nameh of Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk is a key text in political thought.

Historical book title.

常见搭配

نامه نوشتن

نامه فرستادن

نامه رسمی

نامه عاشقانه

پاکت نامه

صندوق نامه

جواب نامه

نامه اداری

نامه سرگشاده

تمبر نامه

常用短语

به دست کسی رسیدن نامه

— When a letter is successfully delivered to someone.

نامه من به دستت رسید؟

نامه فدایت شوم

— An old-fashioned, very affectionate way to start or refer to a love letter.

او باز هم نامه فدایت شوم برایش فرستاد.

جواب نامه را دادن

— To reply to a letter.

چرا جواب نامه‌ام را نمی‌دهی؟

نامه را پست کردن

— To mail the letter.

فردا نامه را پست می‌کنم.

نامه دریافت کردن

— To receive a letter.

امروز هیچ نامه‌ای دریافت نکردم.

نامه خداحافظی

— A farewell letter.

او یک نامه خداحافظی نوشت و رفت.

نامه سرگشاده

— A letter intended for the public to read.

او یک نامه سرگشاده به مردم نوشت.

نامه سفارشی

— Registered mail/letter.

نامه را به صورت سفارشی فرستادم.

متن نامه

— The body/text of the letter.

متن نامه بسیار زیبا بود.

نامه محرمانه

— A confidential letter.

این نامه محرمانه است، آن را باز نکن.

容易混淆的词

نامه vs نام (Nām)

Nām means 'name'. Nāme means 'letter'. They are related but distinct nouns.

نامه vs پیام (Payām)

Payām is a general message (text, oral, etc.), while Nāme is specifically a structured letter.

نامه vs کتاب (Ketāb)

Ketāb is a book. While some 'nāme' are books (Shahnameh), 'ketāb' is the general term for a bound volume.

习语与表达

"نامه اعمال"

— The record of one's deeds (religious context). It refers to the belief that every action is recorded.

هر کس مسئول نامه اعمال خودش است.

Religious/Literary

"طومار کسی را در هم پیچیدن"

— To put an end to someone's power or influence; to finish someone off.

با این اشتباه، او طومار خودش را در هم پیچید.

Idiomatic/Informal

"نامه فدایت شوم نوشتن"

— To write an overly flattering or affectionate letter, sometimes used sarcastically.

لازم نیست برای او نامه فدایت شوم بنویسی.

Informal

"سرِ نامه"

— The beginning or heading of a letter.

سرِ نامه با نام خدا آغاز شد.

Formal

"نامه سیاه"

— Someone with a bad record or many sins.

او با این کارها نامه خود را سیاه کرد.

Literary

"نامه نانوشته"

— Something that is obvious or understood without being said.

این یک نامه نانوشته بین ماست.

Literary

"پایان نامه"

— A thesis or dissertation (literally 'the end book/letter').

او در حال نوشتن پایان‌نامه دکتری است.

Academic

"برنامه"

— A plan or program (literally 'on-letter' or 'forward-letter').

برنامه شما برای فردا چیست؟

General

"روزنامه"

— Newspaper (literally 'daily letter/record').

من هر روز روزنامه می‌خوانم.

General

"گواهینامه"

— Certificate or license (literally 'witness letter').

او بالاخره گواهینامه رانندگی گرفت.

General

容易混淆

نامه vs نام (Nām)

They look and sound very similar.

Nām is 'name', whereas Nāme is 'letter'. One is about identity, the other about communication.

نام من علی است. من یک نامه نوشتم.

نامه vs خامه (Khāme)

Only one letter difference in Persian script.

Khāme means 'cream' or 'pen/reed'. Nāme means 'letter'.

او با خامه روی کاغذ نامه نوشت.

نامه vs جامه (Jāme)

Rhymes with Nāme.

Jāme means 'garment' or 'clothes'.

او جامه نو پوشید و نامه را برد.

نامه vs نامه (Nāme) vs. پیام (Payām)

Both are forms of communication.

Nāme is formal and usually on paper. Payām is any message, often digital or verbal.

نامه رسمی است اما پیام دوستانه.

نامه vs نامه (Nāme) vs. نامه (Suffix)

The same word used differently.

As a standalone noun, it's a letter. As a suffix, it means 'Book of' or 'Record of'.

این نامه را بخوان. شاهنامه کتاب بزرگی است.

句型

من [Object] دارم.

من نامه دارم.

[Subject] [Object] می‌نویسد.

او نامه می‌نویسد.

[Subject] برای [Person] نامه فرستاد.

مادرم برای من نامه فرستاد.

باید [Object] را [Verb].

باید نامه را پست کنم.

[Noun]-نامه یکی از آثار مهم است.

شاهنامه یکی از آثار مهم است.

با توجه به [Document]...

با توجه به آیین‌نامه...

[Object] به صورت محرمانه ارسال شد.

نامه به صورت محرمانه ارسال شد.

این مکتوب نشانگر [Abstract Noun] است.

این مکتوب نشانگر ارادت من است.

词族

名词

نامه‌نگاری (letter writing)

نامه‌رسان (mail carrier)

پاکت‌نامه (envelope)

رایانامه (email)

动词

نامه‌نگاری کردن (to correspond)

نامه نوشتن (to write a letter)

نامه فرستادن (to send a letter)

形容词

نامه‌ای (of or pertaining to letters)

منظوم‌نامه (a book in verse)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in both written and spoken Persian.

常见错误

Pronouncing it 'nā-mi'. → nā-me
The final 'e' is short. 'Nāmi' would mean 'famous' in Persian, which is a completely different word.
Using 'nāme' for a WhatsApp message. → payām
'Nāme' is too formal for instant messaging. It implies a physical or structured document.
Writing 'نامه من' without the 'ye' sound. → نامه یِ من (nāme-ye man)
Words ending in silent 'he' require a 'ye' to bridge the Ezafe to the next word.
Confusing 'nāme' with 'nām'. → nāme = letter, nām = name
Don't drop the final 'e' if you mean 'letter'.
Thinking 'kārnāme' is a letter about work. → kārnāme = report card
This is a specific compound noun used for school grades, not a general work letter.

小贴士

The Silent 'He'

The 'h' at the end of نامه is silent. It serves as a vowel marker for the 'e' sound. Never pronounce it as a hard 'h'.

Compound Power

Learn the compound words like روزنامه (newspaper) and شناسنامه (ID). They all share the root 'nāme' (record/document).

Formal Openings

In formal letters, avoid 'Salām'. Use 'Jenāb-e āghā-ye...' (Dear Mr...) to show proper respect.

Handwriting Matters

Iranians take great pride in 'khosh-nevisi' (calligraphy). A hand-written 'nāme' is often more valued than a typed one.

Short 'e'

The final 'e' in 'nāme' is like the 'e' in 'bed'. Don't let it stretch into an 'ee' sound.

Ta'arof in Letters

Formal letters are full of 'Ta'arof' (ritual politeness). You might call yourself 'bande' (servant) instead of 'man' (I).

Email Etiquette

Even in emails, Iranians often maintain the formal structure of a 'nāme' if writing to a professor or boss.

Epic Suffix

Whenever you see '-nāme' at the end of a book title, know that it's an epic or a significant record.

The Name Link

Remember: You write a NAME on a NĀME. This simple link will help you never forget the word.

Specific Object

If you are talking about 'the' letter (definite), don't forget the 'rā': 'Nāme rā dādam'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the 'name' on the envelope of a 'nāme'. Since you write a 'name' to send a letter, the word for letter is 'nāme'.

视觉联想

Imagine a giant feather pen (khāme) writing a 'nāme' on a scroll.

Word Web

Post Pen Paper Envelope Stamp Address Signature Message

挑战

Try to write a three-sentence 'nāme' in Persian to a fictional friend today.

词源

Derived from Middle Persian (Pahlavi) 'nāmag', which means 'book, record, account, or letter'.

原始含义： The original meaning was broader, referring to any written document or record, not just correspondence.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Old Persian -> Middle Persian -> Modern Persian.

文化背景

When writing a letter to an elder or superior, the language must be very formal to avoid being seen as disrespectful.

In the West, letters are becoming rare due to email, but in Iran, formal 'nāme-ye edāri' are still vital for any legal or official process.

Shahnameh (The Book of Kings) by Ferdowsi Safar-nameh (Travelogue) by Nasir Khusraw The song 'Nameh' by Hayedeh

在生活中练习

真实语境

Post Office

می‌خواهم این نامه را پست کنم.
هزینه ارسال این نامه چقدر است؟
آیا این نامه به مقصد رسیده است؟
پاکت نامه دارید؟

Office/Work

یک نامه رسمی بنویسید.
نامه را امضا کنید.
نامه را در پرونده بگذارید.
شماره نامه چیست؟

Personal Life

برایم نامه بنویس.
یک نامه عاشقانه دریافت کردم.
نامه‌های قدیمی را می‌خوانم.
نامه را باز کن.

School/University

کارنامه را گرفتی؟
پایان‌نامه من تمام شد.
نامه پذیرش دانشگاه آمد.
استاد توصیه نامه نوشت.

Legal/Official

شناسنامه‌ام را گم کردم.
گواهینامه رانندگی دارم.
آیین‌نامه را مطالعه کنید.
وصیت‌نامه را تنظیم کرد.

对话开场白

"آخرین باری که نامه نوشتی کی بود؟ (When was the last time you wrote a letter?)"

"آیا دوست داری نامه دریافت کنی یا پیام؟ (Do you like receiving letters or messages?)"

"به نظر تو نامه‌های کاغذی بهتر از ایمیل هستند؟ (In your opinion, are paper letters better than emails?)"

"در مورد شاهنامه چیزی می‌دانی؟ (Do you know anything about the Shahnameh?)"

"آیا تا به حال نامه عاشقانه نوشته‌ای؟ (Have you ever written a love letter?)"

日记主题

یک نامه برای خودت در ده سال آینده بنویس. (Write a letter to yourself in ten years.)

درباره یک نامه مهم که در زندگی‌ات دریافت کردی بنویس. (Write about an important letter you received in your life.)

اگر می‌توانستی برای یک شخصیت تاریخی نامه بنویسی، چه کسی را انتخاب می‌کردی؟ (If you could write a letter to a historical figure, who would you choose?)

تفاوت‌های بین نامه و پیام‌های دیجیتال را توصیف کن. (Describe the differences between letters and digital messages.)

یک نامه کوتاه برای تشکر از کسی که به تو کمک کرده بنویس. (Write a short letter to thank someone who helped you.)

常见问题

10 个问题

While 'rāyānāme' is the formal word for email, most people say 'email'. However, 'nāme-ye electrōniki' is also used in formal contexts to mean an electronic letter.

The plural is 'نامه‌ها' (nāmehā). In very formal or poetic contexts, you might see 'نامه‌جات' (nāme-jāt), but this is rare in modern speech.

'Nāme' is the standard Persian word. 'Maktūb' is an Arabic loanword used in formal, literary, or historical contexts to sound more sophisticated.

Historically, yes. In classical titles like 'Shahnameh', it means 'Book'. In modern Persian, however, it almost exclusively means 'letter' unless part of a compound word.

You say 'نامه را پست کردن' (nāme rā post kardan). 'Post' is a loanword from English/French used universally in Iran.

'Kārnāme' literally means 'work record', but it is the standard word for a school report card or a transcript.

Yes, usually at the bottom right. Formal letters often include the word 'Emzā' (Signature) or 'Bā Ehterām' (With Respect) before the name.

It is an 'open letter' intended for public reading, often addressing a social or political issue.

No, that would sound very strange. For text messages, use 'payām' or 'payāmak'.

It is a 'last will and testament'. 'Vasiyat' means 'will' or 'advice', and 'nāme' here means 'document'.

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