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نایاب

A2 adjective #6,000 最常用 8分钟阅读

نایاب

Q: How do I say 'rarest'?

You say 'nayab-tarin' (نایابترین).

nayab 前6,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 نایاب 30秒了解

解析 نایاب in your Level:

At the A1 level, think of نایاب (Nāyāb) as a word for things you really want but cannot find in the store. Imagine you go to a shop to buy a specific toy or a red pen, and the shopkeeper says they don't have it anywhere. You can say that item is 'nayab.' It is a combination of 'Na' (No) and 'Yab' (Find). So, it literally means 'No-Find.' At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar. Just remember that it describes something that is 'missing' or 'very, very rare.' For example, if there is no water in a desert, you could say water is 'nayab' there. Use it simply: 'In ketab nayab ast' (This book is rare). It helps you express that something is not available, which is a very useful basic communication skill when shopping or asking for things.

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For A2 learners, نایاب is an important adjective for discussing availability and shopping. You are now moving beyond just saying 'not here' to describing the *status* of an object. You will often see this word in the context of 'Nāyāb shodan' (to become rare/unavailable). This is very common in news or daily conversations about the economy. For instance, 'Gousht nayab shodeh ast' (Meat has become scarce). You should also practice using it with the Ezafe construction: 'Almas-e nayab' (A rare diamond). At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'kamyab' (hard to find) and 'nayab' (impossible to find). Use 'nayab' when you want to emphasize that your search was long and unsuccessful. It adds a bit more emotion and precision to your basic Persian sentences.

At the B1 level, you can start using نایاب in more abstract and descriptive contexts. Instead of just talking about groceries, you can talk about rare talents, rare opportunities, or rare animals. You might read a text about the 'Yuzpalang-e Irani' (Persian Cheetah) and see it described as 'nayab.' You can also use it to describe feelings or social situations, such as 'Aramesh-e nayab' (A rare peace). You should be comfortable using adverbs of degree with it, like 'besiyār nāyāb' (extremely rare) or 'kam-kam nāyāb shodan' (to gradually become scarce). This word will help you participate in discussions about the environment, history, and social issues where the scarcity of resources or values is a central theme. It's also a great word to use when you want to compliment someone's unique skills.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the stylistic weight of نایاب. It is often used in journalism and formal reports to describe market crises or ecological disasters. You should be able to recognize its use in classical and modern literature where it might symbolize something lost or unattainable. For example, a poet might describe 'vafā' (loyalty) as 'nayab.' You should also be able to compare it with synonyms like 'nāder' or 'monhaser be fard' and choose the correct one based on the register. If you are writing an essay about the economy, 'nayab' is the perfect word to describe the impact of sanctions on specific goods. You should also be familiar with the word family, such as 'yāftan' (to find) and 'yāfteh' (finding/discovery), to see how the root 'yāb' functions across the language.

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For C1 learners, نایاب is a tool for nuanced expression in professional and academic Persian. You should explore its use in historical texts where it describes 'nāyāb' manuscripts or 'nāyāb' artifacts. In this context, it often carries a connotation of 'invaluable' (gerānbahā). You can use it to construct complex arguments about supply and demand or the preservation of cultural heritage. At this level, you should also be aware of idiomatic uses where 'nayab' might be used ironically or metaphorically in high-level discourse. You should be able to use it in the passive voice or within complex relative clauses without hesitation. Your understanding should include the philosophical nuance: that which is 'nayab' is often what defines the value of a system or a period of history.

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At the C2 level, you have mastered the full spectrum of نایاب. You can use it to discuss ontological scarcity or the rarity of existence in philosophical debates. You understand how the word has evolved and how it appears in the most sophisticated Persian prose, from the works of Sadegh Hedayat to modern political analysis. You can effortlessly switch between its literal meaning (unavailable goods) and its most elevated metaphorical meanings (the rarity of true wisdom). You can also analyze the word's impact on the listener—how it evokes a sense of loss, value, or urgency. At this stage, you are not just using a word; you are wielding a concept that resonates with the Iranian psyche's historical experience with scarcity and the high value placed on the 'unique' and 'unobtainable'.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

نایاب 30秒了解

Nayab means 'unfindable' or 'extremely rare' in Persian.
It is a compound of 'na' (not) and 'yab' (find).
It is used for books, medicines, animals, and rare talents.
It is stronger than 'kamyab' (scarce) and implies total absence.

The Persian word نایاب (Nāyāb) is a powerful adjective used to describe something that is not just rare, but virtually impossible to find or obtain. Linguistically, it is a compound formed from the negative prefix 'nā-' (meaning 'not' or 'un-') and the stem 'yāb', which comes from the verb yāftan (to find). Therefore, its literal translation is 'un-findable.' While in English we might use 'rare' for a variety of situations, in Persian, نایاب carries a weight of absolute scarcity. It is often used for physical objects that have vanished from the market, such as out-of-print books, antique coins, or medicinal drugs during a shortage. Beyond the physical, it can describe abstract qualities like 'nayab' talent or a 'nayab' opportunity that comes once in a lifetime. Understanding the depth of this word requires recognizing that it sits at the extreme end of the availability spectrum, far beyond kamyāb (scarce), which implies something is hard to find but still exists in small quantities.

Literal Meaning: Unfindable; something that cannot be found even with effort.
Market Context: Used when a product is completely out of stock across an entire region or country.
Emotional Nuance: Conveys a sense of desperation or high value due to the difficulty of acquisition.

این داروی خاص در تمام شهر نایاب شده است.
(This specific medicine has become unavailable/rare in the entire city.)

In everyday Iranian life, you might hear this word during economic shifts. If a certain fruit is out of season and cannot be found in the bazaar, people will say it is نایاب. However, it's also a word of high praise. If someone possesses a character trait like extreme honesty in a corrupt world, an Iranian might say, 'Honesty like yours is nayab these days.' This elevates the trait to the level of a precious gem. It is a word that bridges the gap between the frustration of a consumer and the awe of a collector. When you use نایاب, you are signaling to your listener that the search has been exhaustive and the result is a void. It is more than just 'low stock'; it is the absence of existence in the current context.

نسخه‌های خطی این کتاب بسیار نایاب هستند.
(Manuscript versions of this book are extremely rare.)

Using نایاب correctly involves placing it after the noun it modifies or using it as a predicate adjective with the verb shodan (to become) or budan (to be). Because it functions as an adjective, it follows the standard Persian Ezafe construction when modifying a noun directly. For example, 'A rare diamond' becomes Almās-e nāyāb. However, it is most frequently encountered in the structure '[Subject] + [Adverb] + nāyāb + [Verb]'. Adverbs like besiyār (very) or kam-kam (gradually) often accompany it to provide more context about the level of scarcity.

As a Predicate: The item is the subject, and 'nayab' describes its state. (e.g., 'Gold became rare.')
With Ezafe: Linking the noun directly to the adjective. (e.g., 'The rare animal.')

پیدا کردن یک دوست صمیمی در این روزها کاری نایاب است.
(Finding a close friend these days is a rare thing.)

When discussing biological species, نایاب is the standard term for 'endangered' or 'critically rare.' For instance, the Persian Cheetah is often described as yuzpalang-e nāyāb. In a more casual setting, if you go to a bakery and they have run out of bread, you might jokingly say, 'Nān nāyāb shodeh?' (Has bread become extinct?). This illustrates the word's versatility—from scientific reports to sarcastic daily observations. It is also important to note that نایاب does not change for plural nouns; it remains in its base form regardless of whether you are talking about one rare book or ten rare books. The emphasis is always on the 'unfindability' of the object in question.

در زمان جنگ، حتی مواد غذایی اولیه هم نایاب بود.
(During the war, even basic food items were scarce/unobtainable.)

You will encounter نایاب in several distinct environments in Iran and Persian-speaking communities. One of the most common places is the Bazaar-e Ketāb (Book Market), specifically among second-hand book sellers in areas like Enqelab Street in Tehran. Sellers will advertise ketābhā-ye nāyāb to attract collectors and scholars. These are books that are no longer being printed and are considered treasures. Another environment is the pharmacy. Due to international sanctions or supply chain issues, certain life-saving medications often become نایاب. You will hear people on the news or in hospital corridors using this word with a sense of urgency and concern.

The News (Akhbar): Reporting on shortages of oil, water, or specific imports.
Art Galleries: Describing a unique piece of calligraphy or a rare antique carpet.

گزارش‌ها حاکی از آن است که قطعات یدکی خودرو در بازار نایاب شده‌اند.
(Reports indicate that car spare parts have become scarce in the market.)

In the world of nature and conservation, Iranian documentaries frequently use this word to describe the country's unique biodiversity. The Gāv-e Kūhī (mountain cow/deer) or the Caspian Seal are often labeled as نایاب to emphasize the need for protection. Furthermore, in historical contexts, museums use this word to describe artifacts from the Sassanid or Achaemenid eras. When an archaeologist finds a coin that hasn't been seen in decades, the headline will invariably include نایاب. It is a word that instantly commands respect and attention, signifying that the viewer or listener is encountering something truly extraordinary.

این پرنده یکی از گونه‌های نایاب در حیات وحش ایران است.
(This bird is one of the rare species in Iran's wildlife.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with نایاب is confusing it with its cousin, kamyāb. While both translate to 'rare' in English, their intensity differs significantly. If you say a product is kamyāb, you are saying it is difficult to find, but if you look hard enough or pay more, you can get it. If you say it is نایاب, you are saying it is essentially gone. Using نایاب for something that is merely expensive or slightly low in stock can sound like an exaggeration (unless you are being intentionally hyperbolic).

Mistake: Confusion with 'Kam-yab': Using 'nayab' for things that are just 'hard to find' rather than 'non-existent'.
Mistake: Word Order: Forgetting the Ezafe (-e) when connecting it to a noun (e.g., saying 'ketab nayab' instead of 'ketab-e nayab').

اشتباه: این میوه نایاب است. (در حالی که در مغازه کناری موجود است)
(Mistake: This fruit is 'nayab' - when it's actually available in the next shop.)

Another subtle mistake is using نایاب to describe a person's physical absence. You cannot say a person is نایاب to mean 'I haven't seen them lately.' For that, you would use kam-peydā (seldom seen). نایاب is about the scarcity of the *type* or the *existence* of the thing, not just a temporary lack of visibility. Lastly, ensure you don't confuse it with nāyāy (which isn't a word) or nāpāydār (unstable). The root is 'yāb' (find), so always think: 'Is this thing findable?' If the answer is a hard 'no', then نایاب is your word.

When نایاب feels too strong or not quite right, Persian offers several alternatives that allow for more precise communication. The most common alternative is کمیاب (Kamyāb). As discussed, this means 'scarce.' Use kamyāb when something is available but requires effort to locate. For example, 'Rare stamps' are often kamyāb, but a 'unique, one-of-a-kind stamp' is نایاب. Another beautiful alternative is نادر (Nāder). This word, of Arabic origin, translates to 'rare' or 'infrequent.' It is often used for events or occurrences rather than physical objects. A 'rare disease' would be bimāri-ye nāder.

کمیاب (Kamyāb): Scarce; low supply. Use for things that still exist but are hard to get.
نادر (Nāder): Rare; unusual. Often used for events, talents, or scientific phenomena.
بی‌نظیر (Bi-nazir): Unparalleled; unique. Used when something is rare because of its quality.

این اتفاق در تاریخ نادر است.
(This event is rare in history.)

If you want to emphasize that something is 'one of a kind,' you can use تک (Tak) or منحصر به فرد (Monhaser be fard). While نایاب focuses on the difficulty of finding the item, monhaser be fard focuses on its uniqueness. For example, 'A unique opportunity' is forsat-e monhaser be fard. In technical or academic contexts, you might see قلیل (Qalil), meaning 'few' or 'scant,' though this is less common in spoken Persian. Choosing between these words depends on whether you want to emphasize the *lack of supply* (نایاب), the *unusual nature* (nāder), or the *uniqueness* (monhaser be fard).

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'yāb' is also found in the word 'Kamyāb' (little-find) and 'Rāhyāb' (path-finder). It is a very productive root in Persian.

发音指南

UK /nɑːˈjɑːb/

US /nɑˈjɑb/

The stress is typically on the second syllable: nā-YĀB.

押韵词

Kamyāb (Scarce) Daryāb (Discover/Understand) Shādyāb (Joy-finder) Pāyāb (Fordable/Shallow) Ganyāb (Treasure-finder) Zaryāb (Gold-finder) Rāhyāb (Pathfinder) Āb (Water)

常见错误

Pronouncing the first 'a' short like in 'cat'. It should be long.
Mumbling the 'y' sound.
Confusing it with 'nayeb' (deputy).
Over-aspirating the 'b' at the end.
Stress on the first syllable.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize due to the simple 'na' prefix.

写作 3/5

Requires remembering the 'alef' after 'y'.

口语 2/5

Easy to pronounce for English speakers.

听力 3/5

Can be confused with 'kamyab' if spoken quickly.

接下来学什么

前置知识

یافتن نه کمیاب بودن شدن

接下来学习

نادر منحصر به فرد موجود فراوان قحطی

高级

اکسیر کیمیا انقراض نسخه خطی آثار باستانی

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe Construction

کتابِ نایاب (Ketāb-e nāyāb)

Negative Prefix 'Na-'

نابینا (Blind), نایاب (Rare)

Present Stem as Adjective

یاب (Stem of یافتن) -> نایاب

Adjective Comparison

نایاب‌تر (Rarer), نایاب‌ترین (Rarest)

Compound Verbs with Shodan

نایاب شدن (To become rare)

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按水平分级的例句

این کتاب نایاب است.

This book is rare.

Simple subject + adjective + verb 'to be'.

آب در کویر نایاب است.

Water is rare in the desert.

Locative phrase 'dar kavir' used with the adjective.

این میوه نایاب است؟

Is this fruit rare?

Interrogative sentence structure.

گل قرمز نایاب نیست.

Red flowers are not rare.

Negative form 'nayab nist'.

من یک تمبر نایاب دارم.

I have a rare stamp.

Adjective modifying a noun with Ezafe.

آن ماشین نایاب بود.

That car was rare.

Past tense of the verb 'to be'.

نان اینجا نایاب است.

Bread is rare here.

Adverb of place 'inja' used for context.

سنگ نایاب زیبا است.

The rare stone is beautiful.

Two adjectives modifying one noun.

دارو در داروخانه نایاب شده است.

The medicine has become rare in the pharmacy.

Use of 'shodan' to indicate a change in state.

ما دنبال یک نقشه نایاب هستیم.

We are looking for a rare map.

Present continuous construction.

چرا این قطعه نایاب است؟

Why is this part rare?

Question word 'chera' (why).

شکر در بازار نایاب بود.

Sugar was scarce in the market.

Past tense describing a market condition.

این حیوان خیلی نایاب است.

This animal is very rare.

Adverb 'kheyli' (very) modifying the adjective.

بلیط هواپیما نایاب شد.

Airplane tickets became unavailable.

Simple past of 'shodan'.

او یک کلکسیون نایاب دارد.

He has a rare collection.

Direct object with Ezafe.

پیدا کردن آن نایاب و سخت است.

Finding it is rare and difficult.

Compound predicate with 'va' (and).

یوزپلنگ ایرانی یکی از گونه‌های نایاب جهان است.

The Persian cheetah is one of the rare species of the world.

Superlative-like structure 'yeki az...'.

فرصت‌های نایاب را نباید از دست داد.

One should not lose rare opportunities.

Passive-like modal 'nabayad' (should not).

این هنرمند آثار نایابی خلق کرده است.

This artist has created rare works.

Indefinite plural 'asar-e nayabi'.

در قرن گذشته، این کتاب کاملاً نایاب بود.

In the last century, this book was completely rare.

Temporal phrase 'dar qarn-e gozashteh'.

متأسفانه این قطعات در کشور نایاب هستند.

Unfortunately, these parts are rare in the country.

Sentence starter 'motasefaneh' (unfortunately).

او استعدادی نایاب در موسیقی دارد.

He has a rare talent in music.

Abstract noun modified by the adjective.

گیاهان نایاب در این منطقه رشد می‌کنند.

Rare plants grow in this region.

Plural subject with plural verb agreement.

این سکه به دلیل نایاب بودن بسیار گران است.

This coin is very expensive due to being rare.

Gerund-like structure 'nayab budan'.

تحریم‌ها باعث نایاب شدن برخی داروها شده است.

Sanctions have caused some medicines to become rare.

Causal structure 'ba'es-e... shodan'.

او نسخه‌ای نایاب از دیوان حافظ را پیدا کرد.

He found a rare copy of Hafez's Divan.

Specific noun phrase with multiple modifiers.

در آن زمان، اطلاعات دقیق بسیار نایاب بود.

At that time, accurate information was very scarce.

Abstract concept as subject.

این پرنده به شدت نایاب شده و در خطر انقراض است.

This bird has become extremely rare and is in danger of extinction.

Adverbial phrase 'be sheddat' (intensely).

یافتن چنین جواهری در طبیعت کاری نایاب است.

Finding such a gem in nature is a rare task.

Infinitive 'yaftan' as the subject.

صداقت در دنیای سیاست، گوهری نایاب است.

Honesty in the world of politics is a rare gem.

Metaphorical usage.

آن‌ها به دنبال منابع نایاب انرژی هستند.

They are looking for rare energy sources.

Plural noun phrase.

این پدیده جوی بسیار نایاب و شگفت‌انگیز است.

This atmospheric phenomenon is very rare and amazing.

Scientific context.

نسخه‌های خطی نایاب در کتابخانه ملی نگهداری می‌شوند.

Rare manuscripts are kept in the National Library.

Passive voice 'negahdari mishavand'.

این اکتشاف باستان‌شناسی، شواهدی نایاب از تمدن ایلامی ارائه می‌دهد.

This archaeological discovery provides rare evidence of the Elamite civilization.

Complex noun phrases.

در این رساله، نویسنده به مفاهیم نایاب اخلاقی می‌پردازد.

In this treatise, the author deals with rare ethical concepts.

Formal verb 'mispardazad' (deals with).

تلفیق این دو سبک هنری، نتیجه‌ای نایاب و بدیع خلق کرده است.

The fusion of these two artistic styles has created a rare and original result.

Present perfect 'khalq kardeh ast'.

برخی از عناصر شیمیایی در پوسته زمین بسیار نایاب هستند.

Some chemical elements are very rare in the Earth's crust.

Scientific terminology.

او با مهارتی نایاب، توانست بحران را مدیریت کند.

With a rare skill, he was able to manage the crisis.

Prepositional phrase 'ba maharati nayab'.

این منطقه کوهستانی پناهگاه گونه‌های نایاب گیاهی است.

This mountainous region is a sanctuary for rare plant species.

Genitive chain (Ezafe chain).

دسترسی به این داده‌ها به دلیل نایاب بودنشان محدود است.

Access to these data is limited due to their rarity.

Possessive suffix '-shan' attached to the gerund.

تجلی چنین نبوغی در تاریخ هنر، واقعه‌ای نایاب و تکرارناپذیر است.

The manifestation of such genius in art history is a rare and unrepeatable event.

Elevated vocabulary and complex adjectives.

منتقد بر این باور است که شاعر به زبانی نایاب دست یافته است.

The critic believes the poet has achieved a rare language.

Subordinate clause with 'bar in bavar ast ke'.

در متون کهن، از این گیاه به عنوان دارویی نایاب یاد شده است.

In ancient texts, this plant is mentioned as a rare medicine.

Formal passive structure 'yad shodeh ast'.

تحلیل نایاب وی از اوضاع سیاسی، تحسین همگان را برانگیخت.

His rare analysis of the political situation drew everyone's admiration.

Subjective genitive construction.

این مروارید سیاه، به دلیل رنگ نایابش، در جهان بی‌همتاست.

This black pearl is unique in the world because of its rare color.

Adjective with possessive suffix and contraction 'bi-hamtast'.

او در جستجوی حقیقتی نایاب، تمام عمر خود را صرف کرد.

In search of a rare truth, he spent his entire life.

Literary word order.

ظرافت نایاب این بافت، نشان‌دهنده مهارت استادکار است.

The rare delicacy of this weave indicates the master's skill.

Abstract noun as the focus.

گویی در آن لحظه، زمانی نایاب و مقدس متوقف شده بود.

It was as if at that moment, a rare and sacred time had stopped.

Conjectural 'gouyi' (as if).

常见搭配

کتاب نایاب

داروی نایاب

گونه نایاب

فرصت نایاب

نسخه نایاب

استعداد نایاب

سکه نایاب

منبع نایاب

جواهر نایاب

صدای نایاب

常用短语

نایاب شدن

— To become unavailable or extinct.

گوشت در بازار نایاب شده است.

در حکم نایاب

— To be as good as rare/unfindable.

صداقت در این شهر در حکم نایاب است.

اشیاء نایاب

— Rare objects or collectibles.

او اشیاء نایاب را جمع می‌کند.

به کلی نایاب

— Completely unavailable.

این مدل گوشی به کلی نایاب است.

در جستجوی نایاب

— In search of the rare/impossible.

او همیشه در جستجوی نایاب‌هاست.

گوهر نایاب

— A rare gem (literal or metaphorical).

دوست خوب گوهر نایاب است.

بسیار نایاب

— Extremely rare.

این تمبر بسیار نایاب است.

نایاب و گران

— Rare and expensive.

کالاهای نایاب و گران در این مغازه هستند.

تقریباً نایاب

— Almost rare/unavailable.

این میوه در زمستان تقریباً نایاب است.

کم‌کم نایاب شدن

— To gradually become rare.

بنزین کم‌کم نایاب شد.

容易混淆的词

نایاب vs کمیاب

Kamyab means scarce; Nayab means unfindable.

نایاب vs نایب

Nayeb means deputy or assistant; sounds similar.

نایاب vs نایابنده

Not a standard word, but sometimes confused by learners.

习语与表达

"مثل دندان هما نایاب"

— Extremely rare (Homa is a mythical bird).

پیدا کردن او مثل دندان هما نایاب است.

Literary

"نایاب‌تر از عنقا"

— Rarer than the phoenix (impossible to find).

وفا در این زمانه نایاب‌تر از عنقاست.

Poetic

"حکم کیمیا دارد"

— It is like alchemy (extremely rare and valuable).

این دارو امروز حکم کیمیا دارد.

Idiomatic

"در هفت آسمان یک ستاره نداشتن"

— To have nothing (related to scarcity of luck).

شانس برای او نایاب است.

Slang

"بوی نایاب دادن"

— To be incredibly rare or special.

این موفقیت بوی نایاب می‌دهد.

Metaphorical

"نایاب بازار"

— Something that has disappeared from the market.

این قطعه نایاب بازار شده است.

Colloquial

"گوهر کمیاب و نایاب"

— A very rare and precious thing.

محبت واقعی گوهر نایاب است.

Literary

"نایاب چون سیمرغ"

— Rare like the Simurgh (mythical bird).

خرد در این گفتگو نایاب چون سیمرغ بود.

Poetic

"به نایابی زدن"

— To pretend to be rare or unavailable.

او خودش را به نایابی زده است.

Slang

"قحطی نایاب"

— A famine of something rare.

در این شهر قحطی کتاب نایاب است.

Metaphorical

容易混淆

نایاب vs کمیاب

Both mean rare.

Kamyab is 'low quantity'; Nayab is 'zero/near-zero availability'.

آب در اینجا کمیاب است (Hard to get) vs نایاب است (None here).

نایاب vs نادر

Both mean rare.

Nader is for frequency of events; Nayab is for physical availability.

یک اتفاق نادر (A rare event) vs یک کتاب نایاب (A rare book).

نایاب vs منحصر به فرد

Both mean special/rare.

Monhaser focus on uniqueness; Nayab focus on scarcity.

اثر انگشت منحصر به فرد است.

نایاب vs بی‌نظیر

Positive connotation of rarity.

Bi-nazir means 'without equal' (quality); Nayab means 'hard to find' (quantity).

او یک صدای بی‌نظیر دارد.

نایاب vs کم‌پیدا

Used for people.

Kam-peyda is social; Nayab is physical/market-based.

دوست من کم‌پیدا شده.

句型

[Noun] nayab ast.

این گل نایاب است.

[Noun] nayab shodeh ast.

نان نایاب شده است.

Peyda kardan-e [Noun] nayab ast.

پیدا کردن کار نایاب است.

[Noun]-e nayab dar [Place] mojoud nist.

داروی نایاب در داروخانه موجود نیست.

Be dalil-e nayab budan, [Noun] geran ast.

به دلیل نایاب بودن، این سکه گران است.

Gouyi [Noun] dar in asr nayab gashteh.

گویی محبت در این عصر نایاب گشته.

All

In yek [Noun]-e nayab ast.

این یک فرصت نایاب است.

All

Chiz-e nayabi ast.

چیز نایابی است.

词族

名词

نایابی (Nāyābī) - Rarity/Scarcity

动词

یافتن (Yāftan) - To find

پیدا کردن (Peydā kardan) - To find

形容词

کمیاب (Kamyāb) - Scarce

دست‌یافتنی (Dast-yāftanī) - Attainable

如何使用

frequency

Common in news and specialized hobbies (collecting).

常见错误

Using 'nayab' for 'rare steak'. → Nim-paz or Kam-pokht.
'Nayab' is about availability, not cooking style.
Saying 'ketab nayab' without Ezafe. → Ketab-e nayab.
Adjectives in Persian require the Ezafe link.
Confusing 'nayab' with 'nayeb'. → Nayab (Rare) vs Nayeb (Deputy).
One vowel change changes the meaning completely.
Using 'nayab' for a person who is just busy. → Kam-peyda.
'Nayab' implies they are gone from the world.
Using 'nayab' for something very common but cheap. → Arzan or Faravan.
'Nayab' is the opposite of common.

小贴士

Prefix Power

Remember that 'na-' is a common negative prefix in Persian. Knowing 'yab' (find) and 'na-' (not) gives you the word instantly.

Shopping

If you are in an Iranian bazaar and can't find something, ask 'In nayab shodeh?' to sound like a pro.

Intensity

Don't use 'nayab' for things that are just a little hard to find. Save it for the truly special stuff.

Word Family

Learn 'yaftan' (to find) at the same time. It will help you remember the root of 'nayab'.

Nature

In Iran, 'nayab' is the keyword for conservation. Use it when talking about the environment.

Stress

Native speakers put a lot of weight on the 'YAB' part of the word. Practice that emphasis.

Ezafe

Always check for the Ezafe (-e) when 'nayab' follows a noun: 'Ketab-e nayab'.

News

Listen for 'nayab' in economic news; it usually signals a shortage of a specific good.

Visual

Visualize a 'No Entry' sign on a 'Find' button. That is 'Na-Yab'.

Compliments

Telling someone their kindness is 'nayab' is one of the highest compliments in Persian.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'No-Ab' (No Water) in a desert. Water is 'Nayab' because you can 'Na' (No) 'Yab' (Find) it.

视觉联想

Imagine an empty shelf in a store with a single gold coin. The shelf represents 'Nayab'.

Word Web

Rare Scarce Missing Unique Unfindable Precious Absent Extinct

挑战

Try to name three things in your house that would be 'nayab' if you lost them.

词源

Derived from Middle Persian and New Persian roots. It uses the prefix 'nā-' (negation) and the present stem of 'yāftan' (to find).

原始含义： Unfindable; that which cannot be obtained.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

文化背景

Be careful using 'nayab' for people; it can sound like you are saying they are dead or gone forever. Use 'kam-peyda' for people you haven't seen in a while.

English speakers might use 'rare' for a steak, but in Persian, 'nayab' is never used for food doneness. Use 'nim-paz' instead.

Persian Cheetah (Yuzpalang-e Nayab) Rare manuscripts of the Shahnameh The 'Nayab' blue turquoise of Nishapur

在生活中练习

真实语境

Shopping

آیا این نایاب است؟
کجا می‌توانم پیدا کنم؟
در بازار نیست.
نایاب شده.

Nature

حیوان نایاب
گونه در خطر
محیط زیست
حفاظت از نایاب‌ها

History

نسخه خطی نایاب
سکه قدیمی
موزه
کشف نایاب

Medicine

داروی خاص
کمبود دارو
نسخه نایاب
داروخانه

Compliments

اخلاق نایاب
استعداد نایاب
شخصیت نایاب
دوست نایاب

对话开场白

"آیا تا به حال یک حیوان نایاب را از نزدیک دیده‌اید؟"

"به نظر شما نایاب‌ترین چیز در دنیا چیست؟"

"چرا بعضی از کتاب‌ها در بازار نایاب می‌شوند؟"

"اگر یک تمبر نایاب پیدا کنید، چه کار می‌کنید؟"

"آیا در شهر شما کالای نایابی وجود دارد؟"

日记主题

درباره یک تجربه بنویسید که در آن به دنبال چیزی نایاب بودید و آن را پیدا کردید.

آیا فکر می‌کنید صداقت در دنیای امروز نایاب شده است؟ چرا؟

لیستی از پنج چیزی که برای شما نایاب و ارزشمند هستند تهیه کنید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک موجود نایاب را از انقراض نجات دهید، کدام را انتخاب می‌کردید؟

توصیف کنید که چطور یک شیء معمولی می‌تواند برای یک نفر نایاب و خاص باشد.

常见问题

10 个问题

It is better to use 'kam-peyda'. Using 'nayab' for a person can sound like they are a rare specimen or have disappeared from the earth.

The most common opposites are 'faravan' (abundant) or 'mojoud' (available).

It is neutral. It can be used in both formal news reports and informal conversations.

You say 'nayab-tarin' (نایاب‌ترین).

Yes, but only to mean the food is out of stock or out of season, not how it is cooked.

'Kamyab' is scarce (10% left), 'Nayab' is rare/unfindable (0.1% left).

Yes, very often, to describe pure love, loyalty, or the soul's desires.

No, it is an adjective. The noun form is 'nayabi' (scarcity).

As an adjective, no. As a noun-substitute ('the rare ones'), you can use 'nayabha'.

Linguistically no, but the meaning 'un-find-able' is a perfect literal match.

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