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B1 noun #5,500 最常用 9分钟阅读

شورا

shora 前5,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 شورا 30秒了解

解析 شورا in your Level:

At the A1 level, you just need to know that 'Shorā' means a group of people who make decisions together. Think of it as a 'big meeting group'. You might see it on signs or in simple news titles. It is a noun. You can remember it as a 'show' of people coming together to 'rule'. Even though it's a B1 word, knowing that it means 'council' helps you understand when people are talking about the city or school rules. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, just recognize that it refers to a group, not one person.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'Shorā' in simple sentences with the Ezafe construction. For example, 'شورای شهر' (City Council) or 'شورای مدرسه' (School Council). You should know that it is a formal word. If you are describing your school or your town, you can say 'The council decided...' using 'شورا تصمیم گرفت'. You should also recognize the word 'عضو' (member) which often goes with it: 'عضو شورا' means a council member. This helps you describe people's jobs in a simple way.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'Shorā' in various contexts, especially in formal writing or when discussing the news. You should understand that it comes from the idea of 'consultation'. You should be able to use verbs like 'تشکیل دادن' (to form) or 'برگزار کردن' (to hold) with it. You should also understand the difference between a 'Shorā' and an 'Anjoman' (association). This is the level where you start to see it in political news and should be able to explain what a council does in your own words using Persian.

At the B2 level, you should understand the nuances of 'Shorā' in different legal and political systems. You should be familiar with specific terms like 'شورای نگهبان' (Guardian Council) or 'شورای امنیت' (Security Council). You should be able to participate in a debate about the decisions of a council and use appropriate adjectives like 'شورای عالی' (Supreme Council) or 'شورای مشورتی' (Advisory Council). Your grammar should be correct, especially the 'ye' Ezafe (شورایِ), and you should be able to use it in passive constructions like 'در شورا تصویب شد' (It was approved in the council).

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At the C1 level, 'Shorā' becomes a tool for discussing complex administrative and historical topics. You should know the etymology (Arabic root Sh-W-R) and how it relates to Islamic political philosophy. you should be able to use it in academic writing to describe the function of deliberative bodies. You should also be familiar with more obscure councils and be able to distinguish between 'Shorā', 'Majma'', and 'Hey'at' with precision. You should be able to understand and analyze the rhetoric used by councils in their official statements and manifestos.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of 'Shorā'. You can use it in highly sophisticated legal, political, or literary contexts. You understand the historical evolution of 'Shorā' from tribal assemblies to modern democratic and theocratic institutions. You can use the word in idioms or metaphors if they exist in specific dialects or high-level literature. You can draft official minutes or proposals for a 'Shorā' using perfect formal register and terminology. You are also aware of the subtle differences in how the term is used across Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

شورا 30秒了解

Shorā means council or committee.
It is used in politics, schools, and business.
It comes from the Arabic root for consultation.
It is a formal and very common Persian noun.

The Persian word شورا (Shorā) is a fundamental noun in the Persian language, primarily used to describe a council, committee, or an organized body of individuals gathered for the purpose of deliberation, decision-making, or administration. Rooted in the concept of collective wisdom and consultation, this term is ubiquitous in both formal governance and community-level organization throughout the Persian-speaking world. Whether you are discussing international diplomacy, local municipal management, or a small school board, شورا is the go-to term for any group that shares the responsibility of oversight and guidance.

Political Context: In the political sphere, it refers to high-level bodies like the 'Security Council' (شورا امنیت) or the 'Islamic City Council' (شورای اسلامی شهر). It implies a formal structure where members are often elected or appointed to represent interests.
Social Context: In everyday life, it can refer to a neighborhood committee or a family council gathered to solve a specific dispute or plan an event. It carries a connotation of respect for communal input.

اعضای شورا برای بهبود وضعیت پارک‌ها تصمیمات جدیدی گرفتند.
— The council members made new decisions to improve the condition of the parks.

The word is derived from the Arabic root 'Sh-W-R', which relates to consultation. In Persian culture, the concept of mashverat (consultation) is highly valued, and the Shorā is the physical manifestation of this value. It is not just a bureaucratic term; it represents the democratic or collaborative spirit of a group. When people use this word, they are highlighting that a decision was not made by a single individual, but through a process of shared discussion. This is crucial in understanding the weight the word carries in official announcements and news reports.

این پیشنهاد باید در شورای مدرسه بررسی شود.
— This proposal must be reviewed in the school council.

Historically, the term has been used to describe traditional tribal assemblies as well. In Afghanistan, the term 'Loya Jirga' is famous, but the word Shorā is frequently used for local village councils that manage water rights, land disputes, and community welfare. This versatility makes it one of the first formal nouns a B1 level student should master to transition from basic conversation to discussing social structures and news.

Grammatical Usage: It is a singular noun but often takes plural verbs if the speaker is thinking of the individual members, though grammatically it remains singular. It often appears in Ezafe constructions (شورایِ ...).

شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد جلسه اضطراری تشکیل داد.
— The United Nations Security Council held an emergency meeting.

Using شورا effectively requires understanding its common collocations and the verbs that typically accompany it. Because it refers to a collective body, the verbs used often involve 'forming', 'joining', 'meeting', or 'deciding'. In Persian, the word is most frequently used with the Ezafe construction to specify what kind of council is being discussed.

Common Verb Pairings: The most common verbs are 'تشکیل دادن' (to form), 'برگزار کردن' (to hold/conduct a meeting), and 'تصویب کردن' (to approve, usually used for the council's actions).

دولت یک شورای ویژه برای مبارزه با آلودگی هوا تشکیل داد.
— The government formed a special council to fight air pollution.

When you want to describe someone who is a member of a council, you use the phrase 'عضو شورا' (Member of the Council). If you are describing the meeting itself, you might say 'جلسه شورا' (Council meeting). Notice how the word Shorā usually follows the head noun in these descriptive phrases. At the B1 level, you should practice using these combinations to describe school committees or workplace task forces.

او به عنوان رئیس شورای شهر انتخاب شد.
— He was elected as the head of the city council.

In formal writing, شورا is often the subject of sentences that describe the creation of laws or regulations. For example, 'شورای نگهبان قوانین را بررسی می‌کند' (The Guardian Council reviews the laws). In more casual or business settings, you might hear 'شورای مدیران' (Board of Directors/Council of Managers). It is a versatile word that scales from international politics down to the management of a small apartment building (شورای ساختمان).

Prepositional Usage: It is often preceded by 'در' (in) or 'به' (to/into). 'در شورا مطرح شد' (It was raised in the council) is a very common passive-style expression in Persian news.

تمام اعضا باید در جلسه شورا حضور داشته باشند.
— All members must be present at the council meeting.

To use this word like a native speaker, pay attention to how it interacts with adjectives. You can have a 'شورای عالی' (Supreme Council), a 'شورای مشورتی' (Advisory Council), or a 'شورای موقت' (Temporary Council). Each adjective refines the purpose and authority of the group. Mastery of these combinations will significantly elevate your formal Persian proficiency.

The word شورا is a staple of Persian media. If you turn on the news in Iran, Tajikistan, or Afghanistan, you are almost guaranteed to hear it within the first ten minutes. It is the language of governance and bureaucracy. In Iran, the 'Islamic Consultative Assembly' (مجلس شورای اسلامی) is the official name of the parliament, often shortened to 'Majles', but the word 'Shorā' remains integral to its full title and its identity as a consultative body.

Daily News & Media: Headlines frequently lead with 'تصمیم جدید شورا' (The council's new decision) or 'بیانیه شورا' (The council's statement). It is used to give weight and official status to information.

اخبار ساعت نه درباره مصوبات شورای شهر گزارش داد.
— The nine o'clock news reported on the city council's approvals.

Beyond the news, you will hear this word in educational settings. Schools have a 'شورای دانش‌آموزی' (Student Council) where students discuss school issues. In universities, there is the 'شورای صنفی' (Guild Council) which represents student rights and welfare. Hearing these terms helps a learner understand the hierarchical and organized nature of Persian institutional life. It’s not just about 'meetings'; it’s about the 'council' that has the power to act.

در محله ما، شورای محلی برای نظافت کوچه‌ها برنامه‌ریزی می‌کند.
— In our neighborhood, the local council plans for the cleaning of the alleys.

In professional environments, 'شورا' is heard during board meetings. If a company has a board of directors, they might refer to it as 'شورای مدیران' or 'هیئت مدیره', but 'شورا' specifically emphasizes the deliberative aspect. You might also encounter it in legal contexts, such as 'شورای حل اختلاف' (Dispute Resolution Council), which is a common way for people in Iran to settle minor legal issues without going to a full court.

International Context: When talking about the European Union or the UN, Persian speakers use 'Shorā' to translate 'Council'. For example, 'شورای اروپا' (Council of Europe).

بسیاری از مردم از طریق رادیو اخبار شورای امنیت را دنبال می‌کنند.
— Many people follow the Security Council news through the radio.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with شورا is confusing it with related words like مشورت (Mashverat - consultation) or مشاور (Moshāver - advisor). While they share the same root, شورا is the *entity* (the council itself), whereas مشورت is the *action* of consulting. You cannot 'do a shorā' in the sense of asking for advice; you 'participate in a shorā'.

The 'Shor' Confusion: Do not confuse 'شورا' with the word 'شور' (Shor). 'Shor' can mean salty, or it can mean passion/enthusiasm. While 'Shorā' sounds similar, it is an entirely different noun. Context usually prevents confusion, but beginners often trip over the spelling.

Incorrect: من با او شورا کردم.
Correct: من با او مشورت کردم.
— I consulted with him (Don't use 'Shorā' as a verb for consultation).

Another error involves the Ezafe. Because شورا ends in 'alef', many students forget to add the 'y' sound before the next word. It should be 'شورایِ شهر' (Shorā-ye shahr), not 'شورا شهر'. This 'y' is essential for correct pronunciation and flow. Furthermore, learners often try to pluralize it using English logic (Councils -> Shorā-hā). While 'شوراها' is correct, in many formal contexts, the Arabic broken plural شوراها isn't used as much as the Persian plural or simply keeping it singular when referring to the concept.

Incorrect: شورا شهر جلسه دارد.
Correct: شورایِ شهر جلسه دارد.
— The city council has a meeting (Note the 'ye' Ezafe).

Lastly, be careful with the word 'مجلس' (Majles). While both refer to assemblies, 'Majles' usually implies a larger, legislative body like a Parliament, whereas 'Shorā' can be any size, from three people to hundreds. Using 'Majles' for a small committee sounds overly grandiose and is technically incorrect in a professional setting.

Register Errors: Using 'شورا' in a very informal family setting might sound slightly sarcastic or overly formal unless you are actually parodying a formal meeting.

While شورا is the most common word for 'council', Persian offers several synonyms and related terms that carry different nuances. Choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific purpose of the group.

انجمن (Anjoman): Often translated as 'association' or 'society'. While a Shorā is usually administrative, an Anjoman is often based on shared interests, like 'انجمن نویسندگان' (Writers' Association).
کمیته (Komiteh): A direct loanword from 'committee'. It usually refers to a smaller group within a larger organization tasked with a specific job. 'کمیته اجرایی' (Executive Committee).
کمیسیون (Komisiyon): Another loanword, used specifically for parliamentary or governmental commissions that investigate specific issues.

تفاوت اصلی بین شورا و انجمن در هدف اداری آن‌هاست.
— The main difference between a council and an association is in their administrative purpose.

Another term you might encounter is هیئت (Hey'at). This usually refers to a board or a delegation. For example, 'هیئت مدیره' is the 'Board of Directors'. While 'Shorā' implies consultation and collective decision-making, 'Hey'at' often implies a group representing an entity or managing its core operations. In religious contexts, 'Hey'at' refers to local religious gathering groups.

او عضو هیئت امنای دانشگاه است.
— He is a member of the university's board of trustees.

Finally, the word مجمع (Majma') refers to an assembly or a forum. It is often used for very large gatherings, such as the 'General Assembly' of the UN (مجمع عمومی). While Shorā is often a standing body that meets regularly, a Majma' might be a larger, less frequent gathering of representatives. Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the word that best fits the scale and intent of the group you are describing.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The concept of 'Shura' is mentioned in the Quran, which is why it became a central term for governance in Islamic societies, including Iran and Afghanistan.

发音指南

UK /ʃuːˈrɑː/

US /ʃuˈrɑ/

The stress is on the final syllable: sho-RĀ.

押韵词

فردا (Fardā) صحرا (Sahrā) دریا (Daryā) دنیا (Donyā) زیبا (Zibā) بالا (Bālā) حاشا (Hāshā) گویا (Guyā)

常见错误

Pronouncing it as 'Shor-eh' (confusing with Ezafe).
Shortening the final 'ā' to a neutral 'a'.
Confusing the 'sh' with 's'.
Making the 'o' sound like 'aw' as in 'shore'.
Missing the 'r' roll.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Recognizing the script is easy, but context varies.

写作 3/5

Remembering the final 'alef' and Ezafe 'ye' is key.

口语 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward.

听力 3/5

Often spoken quickly in news broadcasts.

接下来学什么

前置知识

شهر مدرسه جلسه عضو قانون

接下来学习

تصویب نماینده رای‌گیری صلاحیت بیانیه

高级

مشروعیت تفکیک قوا قوه مقننه نظام‌نامه

需要掌握的语法

Ezafe with words ending in Alef

شورا + یِ = شورایِ

Pluralization with -hā

شوراها

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

ما شورا را منحل کردیم.

Compound Verbs with 'kardan'

شورا تشکیل دادن

Passive Voice with 'shodan'

در شورا تصویب شد.

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按水平分级的例句

این شورا بزرگ است.

This council is big.

Simple subject-adjective sentence.

او در شورا است.

He is in the council.

Use of preposition 'dar' (in).

شورا جلسه دارد.

The council has a meeting.

Simple present tense.

من شورا را دیدم.

I saw the council.

Use of direct object marker 'rā'.

اسم این شورا چیست؟

What is the name of this council?

Interrogative sentence with Ezafe.

شورا پنج عضو دارد.

The council has five members.

Using numbers with the noun.

آن‌ها به شورا رفتند.

They went to the council.

Past tense verb.

شورا خوب است.

The council is good.

Basic descriptive sentence.

شورای شهر امروز جلسه دارد.

The city council has a meeting today.

Compound noun with Ezafe.

پدرم عضو شورای روستا است.

My father is a member of the village council.

Possessive and Ezafe.

شورا برای مدرسه تصمیم می‌گیرد.

The council decides for the school.

Present continuous/habitual.

آیا شما در شورا هستید؟

Are you in the council?

Formal 'you' with preposition.

شورای دانش‌آموزی خیلی فعال است.

The student council is very active.

Adjective 'fa'āl' modifying the council.

ما باید به شورا نامه بنویسیم.

We must write a letter to the council.

Modal verb 'bāyad' (must).

رئیس شورا مرد مهربانی است.

The head of the council is a kind man.

Complex Ezafe chain.

شورا دیروز یک قانون جدید گذاشت.

The council made a new rule yesterday.

Past tense with time adverb.

اعضای شورا درباره مشکلات ترافیک بحث کردند.

The council members discussed traffic problems.

Verb 'bahs kardan' (to discuss).

شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد بیانیه‌ای صادر کرد.

The UN Security Council issued a statement.

Formal vocabulary like 'sāder kardan'.

این موضوع باید در شورای عالی بررسی شود.

This matter must be reviewed in the supreme council.

Passive voice 'barresi shavad'.

او به عنوان نماینده در شورا انتخاب شد.

He was elected as a representative in the council.

Passive past tense.

شورای حل اختلاف به این پرونده رسیدگی می‌کند.

The dispute resolution council is handling this case.

Compound verb 'residagi kardan'.

تصمیمات شورا برای همه لازم‌الاجرا است.

The council's decisions are binding for everyone.

Formal adjective 'lāzem-ol-ejrā'.

شورا قصد دارد بودجه را افزایش دهد.

The council intends to increase the budget.

Verb 'qasd dāshtan' (to intend).

بدون تایید شورا، هیچ کاری نمی‌توان انجام داد.

Without the council's approval, nothing can be done.

Conditional/Negative structure.

شورای نگهبان مسئول انطباق قوانین با شرع است.

The Guardian Council is responsible for matching laws with Sharia.

Technical political terminology.

اختلافات میان دو بخش توسط شورا مرتفع گردید.

The disputes between the two sections were resolved by the council.

Formal passive 'mortafa' gardid'.

شورای وزیران فردا در مورد نرخ ارز تصمیم می‌گیرد.

The Council of Ministers will decide on the exchange rate tomorrow.

Future intent in formal context.

صلاحیت نامزدها توسط شورای مربوطه تایید شد.

The candidates' qualifications were confirmed by the relevant council.

Formal noun 'salāhiyat' (qualification).

شورا به اتفاق آرا این طرح را تصویب کرد.

The council approved this plan unanimously.

Adverbial phrase 'be ettefāq-e ārā'.

وظایف شورا در قانون اساسی مشخص شده است.

The duties of the council are specified in the constitution.

Present perfect passive.

شورا به عنوان یک نهاد مشورتی عمل می‌کند.

The council acts as an advisory body.

Noun 'nahād' (institution).

اعتراضات به مصوبه شورا همچنان ادامه دارد.

Protests against the council's resolution still continue.

Noun 'mosavvabeh' (resolution).

ساختار شورا باید بر اساس اصول دموکراتیک اصلاح شود.

The structure of the council must be reformed based on democratic principles.

Complex sentence with 'eslāh shodan'.

شورا در بیانیه خود بر لزوم همکاری بین‌المللی تاکید کرد.

In its statement, the council emphasized the necessity of international cooperation.

Formal verb 'tākid kardan'.

عدم شفافیت در جلسات شورا مورد انتقاد قرار گرفت.

The lack of transparency in council meetings was criticized.

Abstract noun 'shaffāfiyat'.

شورا فراتر از اختیارات قانونی خود عمل کرده است.

The council has acted beyond its legal authorities.

Prepositional phrase 'farātar az'.

پویایی شورا منوط به مشارکت فعال اعضا است.

The dynamism of the council depends on the active participation of its members.

Adjective 'monut be' (contingent on).

شورا باید توازنی میان منافع مختلف ایجاد کند.

The council must create a balance between different interests.

Noun 'tavāzon' (balance).

مشروعیت شورا از سوی برخی گروه‌ها زیر سوال رفته است.

The legitimacy of the council has been questioned by some groups.

Idiomatic 'zir-e so'āl raftan'.

شورا نقشی کلیدی در گذار سیاسی کشور ایفا کرد.

The council played a key role in the country's political transition.

Verb 'ifā kardan' (to play a role).

تقابل آرا در شورا منجر به بن‌بست سیاسی گردید.

The clash of opinions in the council led to a political deadlock.

High-level vocabulary like 'bon-bast'.

شورا با اتخاذ رویکردی پراگماتیک، بحران را مهار کرد.

By adopting a pragmatic approach, the council contained the crisis.

Gerund style 'bā ettekhāz-e'.

سلسله‌مراتب قدرت در شورا به وضوح تبیین شده است.

The hierarchy of power in the council is clearly delineated.

Verb 'tabyin shodan' (to be delineated).

شورا به مثابه دیده‌بان حقوق شهروندی عمل می‌کند.

The council acts as a watchdog for citizenship rights.

Literary 'be masābe-ye' (as/like).

انحلال شورا پیامدهای ناگواری برای ثبات منطقه خواهد داشت.

The dissolution of the council will have dire consequences for regional stability.

Noun 'enhelāl' (dissolution).

شورا در پی تدوین منشوری جامع برای اخلاق حرفه‌ای است.

The council is seeking to compile a comprehensive charter for professional ethics.

Noun 'manshur' (charter).

نفوذ لابی‌ها در شورا استقلال آن را مخدوش کرده است.

The influence of lobbies in the council has tainted its independence.

Verb 'makhdush kardan'.

شورا با تکیه بر خرد جمعی، راهکاری بدیع ارائه داد.

Relying on collective wisdom, the council presented an innovative solution.

Phrase 'kherad-e jam'i'.

常见搭配

شورای شهر

شورای امنیت

شورای نگهبان

تشکیل شورا

عضو شورا

مصوبه شورا

شورای عالی

رئیس شورا

جلسه شورا

شورای دانش‌آموزی

常用短语

به اتفاق آرا در شورا

— Unanimously in the council.

طرح به اتفاق آرا در شورا تصویب شد.

طبق قانون شورا

— According to the council law.

ما باید طبق قانون شورا عمل کنیم.

در صحن علنی شورا

— In the open session of the council.

این موضوع در صحن علنی شورا مطرح گردید.

شورای حل اختلاف

— Dispute Resolution Council.

پرونده به شورای حل اختلاف ارجاع شد.

شورای هماهنگی

— Coordination Council.

شورای هماهنگی تبلیغات اسلامی.

شورای مشورتی

— Advisory Council.

او به شورای مشورتی دعوت شد.

شورای اجرایی

— Executive Council.

شورای اجرایی یونسکو.

شورای صنفی

— Guild/Trade Council.

شورای صنفی دانشجویان.

شورای حکام

— Board of Governors.

گزارش آژانس به شورای حکام.

شورای مرکزی

— Central Council.

اعضای شورای مرکزی حزب.

容易混淆的词

شورا vs مشورت

Consultation (the act), while Shorā is the group.

شورا vs شور

Salty or Passion; sounds similar but unrelated.

شورا vs شعرا

Poets; looks similar in cursive script.

习语与表达

"شورای مصلحت"

— Refers to a body that considers expediency, but also used to mean 'finding a middle ground'.

باید یک شورای مصلحت راه بیندازیم.

Formal/Metaphorical

"دست به شورا شدن"

— To start consulting or forming a group to decide something.

خانواده برای سفر دست به شورا شدند.

Informal

"شورا کردن"

— To consult (though 'mashverat kardan' is more common).

بیا در این مورد شورا کنیم.

Neutral

"بر سر شورا آوردن"

— To bring something to the council for discussion.

این مشکل را بر سر شورا آوردند.

Formal

"شورای سایه"

— Shadow council (rare, but used in political analysis).

آن‌ها یک شورای سایه دارند.

Academic

"رای شورا، رای خدا"

— The council's vote is God's vote (implies the sanctity of collective decision).

قدیمی‌ها می‌گفتند رای شورا، رای خداست.

Proverbial

"شورا نشینی"

— The act of being in constant council meetings (often used critically).

او به شورا نشینی عادت کرده است.

Informal/Critical

"شورای وحدت"

— A council formed to create unity.

شورای وحدت میان گروه‌ها شکل گرفت.

Political

"حرف اول و آخر شورا"

— The final word of the council.

این حرف اول و آخر شورا است.

Neutral

"شورای پیران"

— Council of elders.

در روستا هنوز شورای پیران تصمیم می‌گیرد.

Cultural

容易混淆

شورا vs مجلس

Both are assemblies.

Majles is usually a parliament; Shorā is any council.

مجلس قانون می‌گذارد، اما شورای شهر بر شهرداری نظارت می‌کند.

شورا vs انجمن

Both involve groups of people.

Anjoman is usually a club or association; Shorā is administrative.

انجمن خوشنویسان یک نهاد هنری است.

شورا vs هیئت

Both refer to boards.

Hey'at is often a delegation or a management board; Shorā is more deliberative.

هیئت مدیره شرکت جلسه دارد.

شورا vs کمیته

Both mean committee.

Komiteh is usually smaller and subordinate to a Shorā.

کمیته فنی زیر نظر شورا فعالیت می‌کند.

شورا vs مجمع

Both mean assembly.

Majma' is a larger, often general assembly of all members.

مجمع عمومی سالی یک بار تشکیل می‌شود.

句型

[Subject] عضو شورا است.

علی عضو شورا است.

شورا درباره [Topic] تصمیم گرفت.

شورا درباره بودجه تصمیم گرفت.

جلسه شورا در [Place] برگزار شد.

جلسه شورا در تالار شهر برگزار شد.

[Document] به تصویب شورا رسید.

قانون جدید به تصویب شورا رسید.

رئیس شورا اعلام کرد که [Clause].

رئیس شورا اعلام کرد که مالیات کاهش می‌یابد.

با توجه به مصوبه شورا، [Result].

با توجه به مصوبه شورا، ساخت و ساز متوقف شد.

نقش شورا در [Process] غیرقابل انکار است.

نقش شورا در توسعه شهری غیرقابل انکار است.

شورا به مثابه [Metaphor] عمل می‌کند.

شورا به مثابه پل ارتباطی مردم و دولت عمل می‌کند.

词族

名词

مشورت (Consultation)

مشاور (Advisor)

شور (Consultation/Passion - homonym)

مشاوره (Counseling)

动词

شور کردن (To consult - rare)

مشورت کردن (To consult)

شوریده شدن (Unrelated - to become frantic)

形容词

شورایی (Council-related/Collegiate)

مشورتی (Advisory)

如何使用

frequency

Extremely frequent in news and administration.

常见错误

شورا شهر → شورایِ شهر
Missing the Ezafe 'y' for words ending in Alef.
من با او شورا کردم. → من با او مشورت کردم.
Using 'Shorā' as a verb for individual consultation.
شورایِ نمک → شوریِ نمک
Confusing 'Shorā' (Council) with 'Shuri' (Saltiness).
مجلس شهر → شورایِ شهر
Using 'Majles' instead of 'Shorā' for a city council.
اعضایِ شوراهاها → اعضایِ شوراها
Double pluralization mistake.

小贴士

The Ezafe Y

Always add the 'y' sound (ی) when linking 'Shorā' to another word. It's 'Shorā-ye' not 'Shorā-e'.

Compound Power

Learn 'شورای شهر' and 'شورای امنیت' first, as they are the most frequent.

The Root

Knowing the root Sh-W-R helps you understand many other words like 'Mashverat' and 'Moshāver'.

Final A

Keep the final 'ā' long and clear. Don't let it turn into an 'e' or 'o'.

Formal Register

Use this word when you want to sound professional or discuss official matters.

News Keywords

When you hear 'Shorā', prepare to hear about a decision or a law.

Arabic Script

Practice writing the 'vāv' and 'rā' clearly so it doesn't look like other letters.

Not for Consultation

Remember: You don't 'do a shora' to ask for advice; you 'consult' (mashverat kardan).

Shorā vs Majles

Use 'Majles' for big parliaments and 'Shorā' for smaller or specific councils.

Visual Aid

Visualize a 'Sh'aped 'O'val 'R'ound 'A'ssembly table.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'SHOw' of 'RAy's (votes). A Shorā is where everyone 'shows' their 'rays' of opinion to make a decision.

视觉联想

Imagine a round table with many people talking and a large seal in the middle representing the 'Council'.

Word Web

Decision Meeting Members Vote City Security Advice Rules

挑战

Try to find the word 'شورا' in a Persian news website today and see what kind of council it is referring to.

词源

Borrowed from the Arabic word 'Shūra' (شورى). It is derived from the root Sh-W-R.

原始含义： The original Arabic meaning refers to the extraction of honey from a hive, which metaphorically evolved into 'extracting' opinions through consultation.

Semitic (Arabic) origin, integrated into Indo-European (Persian).

文化背景

Be aware that 'Shorā' can refer to highly political bodies; use neutral language when discussing them in mixed company.

The term 'Council' in English often feels bureaucratic, but in Persian, 'Shorā' has a stronger religious and traditional connection to the concept of 'consultation'.

شورای امنیت (UN Security Council) مجلس شورای اسلامی (Iranian Parliament) شورای عالی انقلاب فرهنگی

在生活中练习

真实语境

Municipal Government

شورای شهر
شهرداری
انتخابات شورا
بودجه شهری

International News

شورای امنیت
قطعنامه
وتو
حق رای

Education

شورای معلمان
شورای دانش‌آموزی
مدیر مدرسه
انضباط

Legal

شورای حل اختلاف
قاضی
پرونده
صلح و سازش

Corporate

شورای مدیران
هیئت مدیره
سهامداران
استراتژی

对话开场白

"نظر شما درباره تصمیم اخیر شورای شهر چیست؟"

"آیا در مدرسه شما شورای دانش‌آموزی وجود داشت؟"

"به نظر شما نقش شورای امنیت در صلح جهانی چقدر مهم است؟"

"چگونه می‌توان عضو شورای محلی شد؟"

"آیا شوراها همیشه بهترین تصمیم را می‌گیرند؟"

日记主题

اگر شما رئیس شورای شهر بودید، اولین تغییری که ایجاد می‌کردید چه بود؟

تجربه خود را از شرکت در یک جلسه شورا یا کمیته بنویسید.

چرا مشورت و وجود شورا در یک جامعه دموکراتیک ضروری است؟

تفاوت‌های بین یک تصمیم فردی و یک تصمیم شورایی را بررسی کنید.

درباره یکی از شوراهای معروف در تاریخ کشور خود بنویسید.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it is used in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and in Arabic-speaking countries as well, though the pronunciation and specific institutional roles might differ.

The most common plural is 'شوراها' (Shorā-hā). In very formal Arabic-influenced Persian, you might see 'شورایان', but it's rare.

No, it is a noun. To express the action, you use 'شورا کردن' (rare) or 'مشورت کردن' (common).

It is the Guardian Council in Iran, responsible for ensuring laws are compatible with Islam and the constitution.

'شورا' is the organization (Council), 'مشورت' is the activity (Consultation).

It is always 'شورایِ' (Shorā-ye) because it ends in an Alef.

Only jokingly. It sounds very formal, like you're having an official summit.

It is the Persian term for the United Nations Security Council.

Persian does not have grammatical gender, so it is neutral.

Very common if you follow news, work in an office, or are involved in community activities.

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