base 30秒了解
- Base: The fundamental principle, groundwork, or supporting part.
- Think of it as the foundation or starting point.
- Used for physical structures and abstract ideas.
- Essential for understanding origins and support.
The Portuguese word 'base', pronounced roughly as 'BAH-zee', is a fundamental concept that translates directly to 'base' in English. It refers to the underlying structure, foundation, or starting point upon which something is built or established. Think of it as the ground floor of a building, the starting line of a race, or the core principle of an idea. It's the essential element that supports everything else.
- Foundation
- The most common meaning of 'base' is the part of something on which it rests or is supported. For example, the base of a statue is the part that holds it up.
- Starting Point
- 'Base' can also refer to the initial stage or beginning of a process, plan, or development. It's where you begin before moving forward.
- Core Principle
- In a more abstract sense, 'base' signifies the fundamental idea or belief that underlies a theory, argument, or system. It's the main concept from which other ideas stem.
- Military Context
- In military terminology, a 'base' is a fortified place or area that serves as a center for operations and supplies.
A casa precisa de uma base sólida para ser segura.
You'll encounter 'base' in various contexts, from talking about architecture and construction to discussing abstract concepts like the base of an argument or the base salary of a job. It's a versatile word that emphasizes the foundational aspect of whatever is being discussed.
A pesquisa científica tem a sua base na observação e experimentação.
Understanding 'base' is crucial for grasping how things are structured and initiated in Portuguese. It's a word that connects the tangible with the abstract, providing a sense of origin and support.
- Mathematical Base
- In mathematics, 'base' refers to the number of unique digits, including zero, that a positional numeral system uses to represent numbers. For example, the decimal system has a base of 10.
- Chemical Base
- In chemistry, a 'base' is a substance that can accept protons or donate electrons, often reacting with acids to form salts.
Qual é a base da sua argumentação?
Using 'base' correctly in Portuguese involves understanding its various applications. Here are several ways to incorporate it into your sentences, covering different contexts:
- Physical Foundation
- When referring to the physical support of an object, 'base' is used directly. For example, 'A estátua tem uma base de pedra.' (The statue has a stone base.) This emphasizes the part that grounds the object.
- Starting Point for Plans or Ideas
- You can use 'base' to talk about the origin or starting point of a plan or idea. For instance, 'Nossa proposta tem como base a sustentabilidade.' (Our proposal has sustainability as its base.) This indicates the core concept driving the proposal.
- Fundamental Principles
- When discussing the fundamental principles of something, 'base' is essential. 'A educação é a base de uma sociedade próspera.' (Education is the base of a prosperous society.) Here, 'base' signifies the essential element for societal growth.
- Military or Operational Centers
- In military or strategic contexts, 'base' refers to a central location. 'O exército estabeleceu uma base avançada.' (The army established an advanced base.) This refers to a forward operational hub.
- Mathematical and Scientific Usage
- In specialized fields, 'base' retains its meaning. For example, 'O número dez é a base do nosso sistema numérico.' (The number ten is the base of our numerical system.) Or in chemistry, 'A substância é uma base forte.' (The substance is a strong base.)
Precisamos de uma base sólida para este projeto.
Consider the sentence structure: 'X é a base de Y' (X is the base of Y) is a very common pattern. This highlights the relationship between the foundational element (X) and the thing it supports or originates from (Y).
O amor é a base de um relacionamento saudável.
Practice using 'base' in sentences that reflect these different meanings to solidify your understanding. Think about the core elements of things around you and how you would describe them using this word.
You'll hear the word 'base' frequently in Portuguese across a wide range of everyday conversations and more specialized discussions. Its versatility means it pops up in many different scenarios:
- Construction and Architecture
- When people discuss buildings, bridges, or any structures, they often refer to the 'base' or foundation. You might hear: 'A base desta ponte precisa de reforço.' (The base of this bridge needs reinforcement.) or 'A base da casa foi construída com cimento.' (The base of the house was built with cement.)
- Discussions about Plans and Strategies
- In meetings, planning sessions, or even casual chats about projects, 'base' is used to refer to the core idea or starting point. For example: 'A nossa estratégia tem como base a satisfação do cliente.' (Our strategy has customer satisfaction as its base.)
- Conversations about Principles and Values
- When people talk about what's important or fundamental in life, relationships, or society, 'base' is common. 'O respeito mútuo é a base de qualquer amizade duradoura.' (Mutual respect is the base of any lasting friendship.)
- Military and Sports Contexts
- In news reports about military operations, you might hear about a 'base militar' (military base). In sports, particularly team sports, the 'base' can refer to a strategic position or a starting point for an attack, though this is less common than the other meanings.
- Academic and Scientific Discussions
- In educational settings or scientific discussions, 'base' is used in its more technical senses, such as the base of a number system or a chemical base. A teacher might explain, 'Em matemática, a base do sistema decimal é dez.' (In mathematics, the base of the decimal system is ten.)
O treinador falou sobre a importância de ter uma boa base tática.
Pay attention to the context. The meaning of 'base' is usually clear from the surrounding words and the overall topic of conversation. It's a word that grounds discussions, literally and figuratively.
A base da nossa argumentação é a evidência.
While 'base' is a common word, learners can sometimes make mistakes with its usage, particularly when trying to differentiate its various meanings or when over-relying on direct English translations. Here are some common pitfalls to avoid:
- Confusing 'Base' with 'Fundo' or 'Fundação' (Foundation)
- While 'base' can mean foundation, 'fundação' often implies a more robust and structural foundation, especially for buildings. 'Base' can be more general. For example, you might say 'A base da estátua' (the base of the statue) but 'A fundação do prédio' (the foundation of the building). Using 'base' for a building's foundation isn't strictly wrong, but 'fundação' is more specific for structural support.
- Overusing 'Base' for Abstract Concepts
- While 'base' can be used for abstract ideas (e.g., 'a base para um argumento'), sometimes other words might be more precise depending on the nuance. For instance, 'princípio' (principle) or 'fundamento' (foundation, basis) might be better fits in certain academic or philosophical contexts. Always consider if 'base' truly captures the intended meaning of a core idea.
- Incorrect Pluralization
- As a noun, 'base' forms its plural by adding 's': 'bases'. A common mistake is to forget the 's' or to incorrectly pluralize it. For example, 'As bases do conhecimento' (The bases of knowledge) is correct, while 'As base do conhecimento' is not.
- Confusing with 'Baseado' (Based)
- 'Base' is a noun, while 'baseado' is the past participle of the verb 'basear' (to base). You cannot substitute one for the other. For instance, 'O filme é baseado em factos reais' (The film is based on real facts) is correct. Saying 'O filme é base em factos reais' would be grammatically incorrect.
- Misinterpreting Technical Meanings
- In mathematics or chemistry, 'base' has specific technical meanings. Using it in a general conversation without understanding these specific contexts can lead to confusion. For example, referring to the 'base' of a number without specifying the numerical system (e.g., decimal, binary) can be unclear.
É importante não confundir a base de um número com o número em si.
Paying attention to the grammatical form (noun vs. participle) and the specific context will help you use 'base' accurately and avoid common errors.
While 'base' is a versatile word, Portuguese offers several alternatives that can provide more specific nuances depending on the context. Understanding these synonyms and related terms will enrich your vocabulary and allow for more precise communication.
- Fundamento
- Meaning: Foundation, basis, groundwork, underlying reason. Usage: Often used for more abstract concepts, principles, or justifications. It implies a solid, reasoned basis. Example: 'O fundamento da sua teoria é a observação empírica.' (The foundation of his theory is empirical observation.) Comparison: 'Fundamento' is often more formal and emphasizes the logical or intellectual basis compared to the more general 'base'.
- Princípio
- Meaning: Principle, rule, tenet. Usage: Refers to fundamental truths, rules of conduct, or core beliefs that guide actions or understanding. Example: 'Agimos de acordo com os nossos princípios éticos.' (We act according to our ethical principles.) Comparison: While principles can be the base of something, 'princípio' focuses on the inherent rule or truth itself, whereas 'base' is what supports or originates from it.
- Alínea (in legal/formal texts)
- Meaning: Clause, item, sub-section. Usage: Used in legal documents, contracts, or formal regulations to refer to a specific point or article, which can be considered a 'base' for a particular rule or condition. Example: 'De acordo com a alínea A do artigo 5º...' (According to clause A of article 5th...) Comparison: This is a very specific term for structured documents and doesn't overlap much with the general use of 'base'.
- Raiz
- Meaning: Root, origin. Usage: Often used metaphorically to refer to the origin or fundamental cause of something, similar to 'base' in an abstract sense. Example: 'A raiz do problema está na falta de comunicação.' (The root of the problem lies in the lack of communication.) Comparison: 'Raiz' can sometimes be used interchangeably with 'base' for abstract origins, but it more strongly implies a deep-seated cause or beginning.
- Estrutura
- Meaning: Structure, framework. Usage: Refers to the arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex. Example: 'A estrutura deste edifício é impressionante.' (The structure of this building is impressive.) Comparison: While a structure is built upon a base, 'estrutura' refers to the entire organized form, not just the foundational part.
- Ponto de partida
- Meaning: Starting point. Usage: Used to indicate the beginning of a journey, process, or activity. Example: 'Este livro é um bom ponto de partida para aprender sobre o tema.' (This book is a good starting point for learning about the topic.) Comparison: 'Ponto de partida' is more about the initial step, whereas 'base' can be a more fundamental and enduring element.
O fundamento do seu argumento é fraco.
By learning these alternatives, you can express yourself more precisely and understand the subtle differences in meaning that Portuguese offers.
How Formal Is It?
"A presente proposta fundamenta-se em princípios éticos e legais que constituem a sua <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>base</mark> normativa."
"A construção da ponte necessita de uma <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>base</mark> forte para garantir a sua estabilidade."
"A ideia dele é boa, mas falta uma <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>base</mark> mais sólida pra funcionar."
"O castelo de blocos precisa de uma <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>base</mark> grande para não cair!"
趣味小知识
The word 'basis' in English shares the same Latin and Greek roots as the Portuguese 'base', highlighting the universal nature of this concept in human thought and language. Many words in various languages related to foundations, pedestals, or fundamental principles can be traced back to this common ancient origin.
发音指南
- Pronouncing the final 'e' as a clear 'eh' sound, like in 'bed'. It should be a shorter, more indistinct sound.
- Making the 'a' sound too short or like the 'a' in 'cat'. It should be an open 'ah' sound.
- Adding an extra syllable or misplacing the stress.
难度评级
The word 'base' is common and its meaning is usually clear from context, making it relatively easy for learners to understand in reading materials. Its CEFR A2 level indicates broad applicability.
Learners might initially struggle to choose between 'base' and its synonyms like 'fundamento' or 'princípio' for abstract concepts, but with practice, accurate usage becomes manageable.
Pronunciation is straightforward, and the meaning is generally intuitive, allowing for confident use in spoken Portuguese.
The word is common in everyday speech and media, making it easily recognizable when heard in various contexts.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Use of prepositions 'de' and 'em' with 'base'.
'A base de pedra' (base of stone), 'A casa assenta em uma base forte' (The house rests on a strong base).
Agreement of adjectives with 'base'.
'Uma base sólida' (A solid base), 'As bases fundamentais' (The fundamental bases).
Pluralization of 'base'.
'Uma base' (one base), 'duas bases' (two bases).
Using 'base' with verbs like 'ter', 'ser', 'assentar'.
'O plano tem como base a inovação.' (The plan has innovation as its base.) 'A educação é a base para o futuro.' (Education is the base for the future.) 'A estratégia assenta numa base de dissuasão.' (The strategy rests on a base of deterrence.)
Distinction between 'base' (noun) and 'baseado' (participle).
'O filme é baseado em factos reais.' (The film is based on real facts.) vs. 'A base do argumento é a lógica.' (The base of the argument is logic.)
按水平分级的例句
Esta é a base da mesa.
This is the base of the table.
Singular noun, feminine gender.
A casa tem uma base forte.
The house has a strong base.
Singular noun, feminine gender.
O que é a base?
What is the base?
Question word + verb 'ser' + noun.
Preciso de uma base para o meu projeto.
I need a base for my project.
Possessive pronoun + noun + preposition 'para'.
A base do copo.
The base of the glass.
Article + noun + preposition 'do' (de + o).
Esta é a base da minha ideia.
This is the base of my idea.
Demonstrative pronoun + noun + possessive determiner.
A base é importante.
The base is important.
Article + noun + verb 'ser' + adjective.
Vamos começar da base.
Let's start from the base.
Verb 'ir' in imperative + preposition 'de' + article 'a'.
A base da pirâmide é larga.
The base of the pyramid is wide.
Article + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun + verb 'ser' + adjective.
A educação é a base para o futuro.
Education is the base for the future.
Noun + verb 'ser' + article + noun + preposition 'para'.
Precisamos de uma base sólida para este projeto.
We need a solid base for this project.
Verb 'precisar' + preposition 'de' + article + adjective + noun + preposition 'para'.
A base militar foi atacada.
The military base was attacked.
Article + adjective + noun + verb 'ser' in passive voice.
Qual é a base deste argumento?
What is the base of this argument?
Interrogative pronoun + verb 'ser' + article + noun + preposition 'de' + demonstrative pronoun.
A base do problema é a falta de recursos.
The base of the problem is the lack of resources.
Article + noun + preposition 'do' (de + o) + noun + verb 'ser' + article + noun + preposition 'de'.
Eles construíram a casa sobre uma base de rocha.
They built the house on a base of rock.
Verb 'construir' + article + noun + preposition 'sobre' + article + noun + preposition 'de'.
A base salarial aumentou este ano.
The base salary increased this year.
Article + adjective + noun + verb 'aumentar'.
A estabilidade política é a base para o desenvolvimento económico.
Political stability is the base for economic development.
Noun + adjective + verb 'ser' + article + noun + preposition 'para' + noun + adjective.
O nosso plano de negócios tem como base a inovação tecnológica.
Our business plan has technological innovation as its base.
Possessive determiner + noun + preposition 'de' + noun + verb 'ter' + pronoun 'como' + noun + adjective.
A base da argumentação dele reside na lógica clara.
The base of his argumentation resides in clear logic.
Article + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun + possessive determiner + verb 'residir' + preposition 'na' (em + a).
Exploraram a base secreta do inimigo.
They explored the enemy's secret base.
Verb 'explorar' + article + noun + adjective + preposition 'do' (de + o) + noun.
A formação académica fornece a base para o sucesso profissional.
Academic training provides the base for professional success.
Noun + adjective + verb 'fornecer' + article + noun + preposition 'para' + noun + adjective.
A base de dados continha informações cruciais.
The database contained crucial information.
Article + noun + preposition 'de' + noun + verb 'conter' + noun + adjective.
É fundamental respeitar a base cultural de cada nação.
It is fundamental to respect the cultural base of each nation.
Verb 'ser' + adjective + infinitive verb + article + adjective + noun + preposition 'de' + possessive determiner.
A revolução teve como base as insatisfações populares.
The revolution had popular dissatisfactions as its base.
Noun + verb 'ter' + pronoun 'como' + noun + adjective.
A sustentabilidade ambiental deve ser a base de qualquer política de desenvolvimento a longo prazo.
Environmental sustainability must be the base of any long-term development policy.
Noun + adjective + verb 'dever' + ser + article + noun + preposition 'de' + article + adjective + noun + preposition 'a' + adjective.
O estudo aprofundado das bases históricas é crucial para compreender o presente.
A deep study of the historical bases is crucial to understanding the present.
Noun + preposition 'a' + adjective + preposition 'das' (de + as) + plural noun + adjective + adjective + infinitive verb.
A confiança mútua constitui a base de um relacionamento profissional duradouro.
Mutual trust constitutes the base of a lasting professional relationship.
Noun + adjective + verb 'constituir' + article + noun + preposition 'de' + article + adjective + noun + adjective.
A sua estratégia de defesa assentava numa base de dissuasão nuclear.
His defense strategy was based on a base of nuclear deterrence.
Possessive determiner + noun + preposition 'de' + noun + verb 'assentar' + preposition 'numa' (em + uma) + noun + preposition 'de' + noun + adjective.
A exploração espacial requer uma base tecnológica extremamente avançada.
Space exploration requires an extremely advanced technological base.
Noun + verb 'requerer' + article + noun + adjective + adverb + adjective.
O debate girou em torno da base legal da proposta.
The debate revolved around the legal base of the proposal.
Article + noun + verb 'girar' + preposition 'em torno' + article + adjective + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun.
A teoria quântica postula que a realidade tem uma base probabilística.
Quantum theory postulates that reality has a probabilistic base.
Noun + adjective + verb 'postular' + conjunction 'que' + noun + verb 'ter' + article + adjective + noun.
O sucesso da iniciativa foi atribuído à sua forte base de apoio popular.
The success of the initiative was attributed to its strong base of popular support.
Article + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun + verb 'ser' + infinitive verb + preposition 'à' (a + a) + possessive determiner + adjective + noun + preposition 'de' + adjective.
A compreensão das bases filosóficas da arte moderna é essencial para uma apreciação crítica aprofundada.
Understanding the philosophical bases of modern art is essential for a profound critical appreciation.
Noun + preposition 'das' (de + as) + plural noun + adjective + preposition 'da' (de + a) + adjective + noun + adjective + infinitive verb + preposition 'para' + article + adjective + noun + adjective.
O desenvolvimento sustentável pressupõe uma base económica sólida e equitativa.
Sustainable development presupposes a solid and equitable economic base.
Noun + adjective + verb 'pressupor' + article + noun + adjective + conjunction + adjective + adjective.
A sua argumentação, embora eloquente, carecia de uma base factual robusta.
His argumentation, although eloquent, lacked a robust factual base.
Possessive determiner + noun + conjunction + adjective + verb 'carecer' + preposition 'de' + article + noun + adjective + adjective.
A diplomacia moderna assenta numa base de negociação e compromisso mútuo.
Modern diplomacy rests on a base of negotiation and mutual compromise.
Noun + adjective + verb 'assentar' + preposition 'numa' (em + uma) + noun + preposition 'de' + noun + conjunction + noun + adjective.
A descoberta de novas partículas fundamentais pode redefinir a base da física teórica.
The discovery of new fundamental particles could redefine the base of theoretical physics.
Noun + preposition 'de' + adjective + noun + adjective + verb 'poder' + infinitive verb + article + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + adjective.
O autor constrói a narrativa sobre uma base de realismo mágico.
The author builds the narrative on a base of magical realism.
Article + noun + verb 'construir' + article + noun + preposition 'sobre' + article + noun + preposition 'de'.
A base da sua crítica social reside na observação empírica das desigualdades.
The base of his social criticism lies in empirical observation of inequalities.
Article + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + adjective + noun + verb 'residir' + preposition 'na' (em + a) + noun + adjective + preposition 'das' (de + as) + plural noun.
A capacidade de adaptação é a base para a sobrevivência em ambientes hostis.
The capacity for adaptation is the base for survival in hostile environments.
Noun + preposition 'de' + noun + verb 'ser' + article + noun + preposition 'para' + noun + preposition 'em' + adjective.
A hermenêutica jurídica busca estabelecer as bases interpretativas que sustentam a aplicação da lei.
Legal hermeneutics seeks to establish the interpretative bases that underpin the application of law.
Noun + adjective + verb 'buscar' + infinitive verb + article + plural noun + adjective + pronoun 'que' + verb 'sustentar' + article + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun.
A resiliência de um sistema complexo advém da redundância e da diversidade das suas bases operacionais.
The resilience of a complex system stems from the redundancy and diversity of its operational bases.
Noun + preposition 'de' + article + adjective + noun + verb 'advir' + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun + conjunction + noun + 'das' (de + as) + possessive determiner + adjective + plural noun.
A crítica pós-estruturalista questiona as bases epistemológicas do conhecimento ocidental.
Post-structuralist criticism questions the epistemological bases of Western knowledge.
Noun + adjective + verb 'questionar' + article + plural noun + adjective + preposition 'do' (de + o) + noun + adjective.
A arquitetura biomimética procura replicar as bases estruturais e funcionais encontradas na natureza.
Biomimetic architecture seeks to replicate the structural and functional bases found in nature.
Noun + adjective + verb 'procurar' + infinitive verb + article + plural noun + adjective + conjunction + adjective + plural noun + pronoun 'que' + verb 'encontrar' + preposition 'na' (em + a) + noun.
A cosmologia moderna investiga as bases físicas do universo em expansão.
Modern cosmology investigates the physical bases of the expanding universe.
Noun + adjective + verb 'investigar' + article + plural noun + adjective + preposition 'do' (de + o) + noun + adjective.
O pragmatismo enfatiza a base experiencial e as consequências práticas como critério de verdade.
Pragmatism emphasizes the experiential base and practical consequences as a criterion of truth.
Noun + verb 'enfatizar' + article + noun + adjective + conjunction + noun + adjective + preposition 'como' + noun + 'de' + noun.
A análise comparativa das estruturas sociais revela bases comuns subjacentes a diferentes culturas.
The comparative analysis of social structures reveals common bases underlying different cultures.
Noun + adjective + preposition 'das' (de + as) + plural noun + adjective + verb 'revelar' + plural noun + adjective + pronoun 'que' + verb 'subjacente' + adjective + plural noun.
A ética da responsabilidade, em contraste com a ética da convicção, parte de uma base pragmática e consequencialista.
The ethics of responsibility, in contrast to the ethics of conviction, starts from a pragmatic and consequentialist base.
Noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun + conjunction + noun + preposition 'com' + noun + preposition 'da' (de + a) + noun + verb 'partir' + preposition 'de' + article + noun + adjective + conjunction + adjective.
常见搭配
常用短语
— From the base; starting from the beginning.
Precisamos reconstruir tudo a partir da base.
— To lay the foundations; to establish the groundwork.
Vamos sentar as bases para um futuro melhor.
容易混淆的词
This is a common confusion. 'Base' is a noun (the foundation), while 'baseado' is the past participle of the verb 'basear' (to base), meaning 'based on'. You cannot substitute them. Example: 'A sua opinião é baseada em factos' (Your opinion is based on facts), not 'A sua opinião é base em factos'.
While related, 'fundamento' often implies a more reasoned, logical, or intellectual basis, especially in academic or philosophical contexts. 'Base' can be more general and also refer to physical support. Example: 'O fundamento da sua teoria' (The basis/groundwork of his theory) vs. 'A base da estátua' (The base of the statue).
'Princípio' refers to a fundamental truth, rule, or belief. While principles can form the 'base' of something, 'princípio' itself focuses on the rule or truth. Example: 'A honestidade é um princípio fundamental' (Honesty is a fundamental principle), which can be the 'base' of good conduct.
习语与表达
— To lay the groundwork; to establish the foundation for something.
É importante pôr a base corretamente para que o projeto seja bem-sucedido.
neutral— To fail fundamentally; to collapse at the foundation level.
Se a base da argumentação cair, toda a estrutura desmorona.
neutral, figurative— To have its base in; to be founded upon.
A sua filosofia tem a sua base no estoicismo.
neutral, philosophical— Starting from the ground up; from the very beginning.
Tivemos que reconstruir a empresa a partir da base.
neutral— Foundation for the future; groundwork for future success.
Investir em educação é criar uma base para o futuro.
neutral— The fundamental essence of everything; the ultimate basis.
Para muitos, a saúde é a base de tudo.
neutral, emphatic— The entire range; from beginning to end.
Ele conhece o assunto da base ao topo.
neutral— To have a strong foundation or basis.
A nossa amizade tem uma base forte de confiança.
neutral— To lose one's footing; to lose one's fundamental support or principle.
Quando ele deixou de acreditar nos seus valores, perdeu a base.
figurative— To build upon the foundation; to develop from the initial groundwork.
Vamos construir sobre a base que já estabelecemos.
neutral容易混淆
Both 'base' and 'fundamento' can refer to the groundwork or basis of something.
'Base' is often more general and can refer to physical support (e.g., the base of a table). 'Fundamento' typically implies a more abstract, logical, or reasoned basis, especially in academic or philosophical contexts. For example, 'O <strong>fundamento</strong> da sua teoria' (the reasoned basis of his theory) is more precise than just 'a <strong>base</strong> da sua teoria', although the latter is also understandable.
A sua argumentação tem um <strong>fundamento</strong> sólido. / A casa precisa de uma <strong>base</strong> forte.
Both can represent core ideas or starting points.
'Princípio' refers to a fundamental truth, rule, or belief that guides actions or understanding (e.g., ethical principles). 'Base' is what supports or originates from these principles. For instance, 'A justiça é um <strong>princípio</strong>' (Justice is a principle), and 'A justiça é a <strong>base</strong> de uma sociedade sã' (Justice is the base of a healthy society).
Os <strong>princípios</strong> éticos são a <strong>base</strong> do nosso código de conduta.
Both refer to foundations.
'Alicerce' is almost exclusively used for the physical foundation of buildings or structures, implying deep, robust support. 'Base' is much more versatile and can refer to the bottom of objects, abstract ideas, or starting points. You wouldn't typically say 'o <strong>alicerce</strong> da sua ideia' (the foundation of his idea), but you would say 'a <strong>base</strong> da sua ideia'. Conversely, for a building, 'o <strong>alicerce</strong>' is more specific than 'a <strong>base</strong>'.
O <strong>alicerce</strong> da casa é muito profundo. / A <strong>base</strong> da pirâmide é larga.
Both can refer to origins or fundamental causes.
'Raiz' (root) often implies a deep-seated, original cause or source, particularly for problems or issues. 'Base' can be a starting point or foundation, but 'raiz' suggests something more deeply embedded. For example, 'A <strong>raiz</strong> do problema' (the root cause of the problem) is more specific than 'a <strong>base</strong> do problema'.
A <strong>raiz</strong> da discórdia é a falta de confiança. / A <strong>base</strong> do seu argumento é a lógica.
Both relate to how something is put together.
'Estrutura' refers to the entire arrangement, organization, or framework of something. 'Base' is specifically the part that supports or initiates it. You can have a strong 'base' for a complex 'estrutura'. For example, 'A <strong>estrutura</strong> da frase é complexa' (The structure of the sentence is complex), but 'A <strong>base</strong> da frase é o sujeito e o predicado' (The base of the sentence is the subject and predicate).
A <strong>estrutura</strong> do edifício depende da sua <strong>base</strong>.
句型
Artigo + base + de + Artigo + substantivo
A base do copo.
Esta/Isto + é + a + base
Esta é a base.
Substantivo + é + a + base + para + substantivo
A educação é a base para o futuro.
Precisar + de + uma + base + adjetivo
Precisamos de uma base sólida.
Ter + como + base + substantivo
O plano tem como base a inovação.
Base + do/da + substantivo
Base do problema.
Substantivo + assentar + em + uma + base + de + substantivo
A estratégia assentava numa base de dissuasão.
Compreensão + das + bases + adjetivo + é + essencial + para + uma + apreciação + adjetivo
A compreensão das bases filosóficas é essencial para uma apreciação crítica.
词族
名词
动词
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如何使用
High. It's a common word used across various domains.
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Confusing 'base' (noun) with 'baseado' (participle).
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O filme é <strong>baseado</strong> em factos reais.
Learners sometimes incorrectly use the noun 'base' where the participle 'baseado' is needed. 'Base' is the foundation, while 'baseado' means 'based on'. The sentence 'O filme é <strong>base</strong> em factos reais' is incorrect.
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Incorrect adjective agreement.
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Uma base <strong>sólida</strong>.
'Base' is a feminine noun. Therefore, adjectives modifying it must also be feminine. Saying 'uma base <strong>sólido</strong>' is grammatically incorrect.
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Using 'base' for a building's main foundation.
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O <strong>alicerce</strong> da casa é muito profundo.
While 'base' can mean foundation, 'alicerce' is more specific for the structural foundation of buildings. Using 'base' is not always wrong, but 'alicerce' provides greater precision in this context.
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Pronouncing the final 'e' as 'eh'.
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Pronounced 'BAH-zee'.
The final 'e' in 'base' is a short, unstressed vowel sound, similar to the 'i' in 'bit', not a clear 'eh' sound as in 'bed'. This is a common pronunciation error for learners.
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Overgeneralizing abstract usage.
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O <strong>fundamento</strong> da sua teoria é a observação empírica.
While 'base' can be used for abstract concepts, 'fundamento' is often preferred for reasoned or intellectual bases. Using 'base' might sound less precise in formal academic contexts.
小贴士
Visualize the Foundation
When you encounter the word 'base', try to visualize a physical foundation, like the bottom of a table, a pyramid, or a building's foundation. This concrete image can help you remember its core meaning.
Mind the Gender
'Base' is a feminine noun in Portuguese. Always use feminine articles ('a', 'uma') and ensure adjectives agree in gender ('base sólida', 'base importante').
Practice the 'ee' Sound
The final 'e' in 'base' is pronounced like a short 'ee' sound, similar to the 'i' in 'bit' or 'sit'. Avoid pronouncing it like the 'eh' in 'bed'.
Connect to English 'Base'
Since English also has the word 'base' with similar meanings, use this connection to your advantage. However, be mindful of Portuguese-specific collocations and grammatical rules.
Explore Related Words
Learn related words like 'basear' (to base) and 'baseado' (based). Understanding the word family helps reinforce the core meaning and its variations.
Create Your Own Sentences
Actively use 'base' in your own sentences, trying different contexts (physical, abstract, technical). This active recall is crucial for solidifying your understanding.
Think About Foundational Values
Consider what 'base' means in terms of societal values or personal principles. What is the 'base' of a good friendship, a strong family, or a just society?
Distinguish from Synonyms
Be aware of words like 'fundamento', 'princípio', and 'alicerce'. Understand their nuances to choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
Regularly Review Usage
Periodically review sentences and examples where 'base' is used. This consistent exposure will help embed the word and its various applications into your active vocabulary.
记住它
记忆技巧
Imagine a strong, sturdy house built on a wide, flat 'base'. The 'a' in 'base' sounds like the 'ah' in 'father', like the solid ground you stand on. The 's' sound at the end is like the solid 's'tructure of the house.
视觉联想
Picture a pyramid. The wide, flat bottom part is its 'base'. Or imagine a statue standing on a pedestal; the pedestal is its 'base'.
Word Web
挑战
Try to identify five things around you that have a clear 'base' and describe it in Portuguese using the word 'base'.
词源
The word 'base' in Portuguese originates from the Latin word 'basis', meaning 'pedestal, foundation, base'. This Latin word itself comes from the Greek word 'basis', which also means 'step, foundation, basis'. The concept of a supporting structure or a fundamental element is ancient and has been consistently represented in language.
原始含义： Pedestal, foundation, base.
Indo-European -> Italic -> Latin -> Portuguese.文化背景
The term 'base' itself is neutral. However, when discussing sensitive topics like social inequality or historical injustices, referring to the 'base' of the problem requires careful and empathetic language.
The English word 'base' shares the same Latin root and often carries similar meanings, making the concept relatively easy to grasp for English speakers. However, nuances in usage and specific collocations can differ.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Construction and Architecture
- base sólida
- base de concreto
- base estrutural
- construir sobre a base
Abstract Concepts and Ideas
- base do problema
- base para o futuro
- ter como base
- base de tudo
Military and Strategy
- base militar
- base de operações
- base avançada
Economics and Business
- base salarial
- base de dados
- base de apoio
Science and Mathematics
- base científica
- base numérica
- base química
对话开场白
"What do you think is the most important base for a successful relationship?"
"Can you describe the base of your favorite building or structure?"
"If you were to start a new project, what would be its main base or principle?"
"How important is a strong educational base for a country's future?"
"What is the base of your favorite hobby or activity?"
日记主题
Reflect on a time you had to build something from the ground up. What was the base you started with, and how did you ensure it was strong?
Consider a core belief or value you hold. What is the base of this belief, and why is it important to you?
Describe a physical object that has a distinct base. What is it made of, and how does it function?
Think about a challenging situation you faced. What was the root cause or 'base' of the problem, and how did you address it?
Imagine you are designing a new educational system. What would be the fundamental 'base' or principles guiding your design?
常见问题
10 个问题Yes, the noun 'base' is always feminine in Portuguese. This means you will use feminine articles and adjectives with it, such as 'a base', 'uma base', 'base sólida', 'base importante'.
No, 'base' itself is a noun. The verb form is 'basear' (to base), and its past participle is 'baseado' (based). For example, 'O filme é baseado em factos reais' (The film is based on real facts). You cannot say 'Eu base o filme' (I base the film).
'Base' refers to the fundamental support or principle, often implying stability or origin. 'Fundo' typically means the bottom part of something (like a container) or the background. For example, 'A base da pirâmide é larga' (The base of the pyramid is wide), but 'A água está no fundo do poço' (The water is at the bottom of the well).
Use 'fundamento' when you want to emphasize the reasoned, logical, or intellectual basis of something, especially in academic, philosophical, or legal contexts. 'Base' is more general and can also refer to physical support.
A common way to express 'to lay the groundwork' or 'to lay the foundations' is 'sentar as bases'. For example, 'Vamos sentar as bases para um novo projeto.' (Let's lay the groundwork for a new project.)
Yes, 'base' is used in technical contexts like mathematics and science. For example, 'A base do sistema decimal é dez' (The base of the decimal system is ten), and in chemistry, a 'substância base' (a base substance).
'Base' often refers to a more fundamental and enduring support or principle. 'Ponto de partida' (starting point) refers more to the initial step or beginning of a process or journey. For example, 'Este livro é um bom ponto de partida para aprender sobre o tema.' (This book is a good starting point for learning about the topic.)
Yes, 'base' is frequently used for abstract concepts. For example, 'O amor é a base de um relacionamento feliz' (Love is the base of a happy relationship), or 'A confiança é a base da amizade' (Trust is the base of friendship).
The plural of 'base' is 'bases'. For example, 'As bases do conhecimento' (The bases of knowledge).
The pronunciation is approximately 'BAH-zee', with the stress on the first syllable. The 'a' is open like in 'father', and the final 'e' is a short, unstressed sound similar to the 'i' in 'bit'.
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Summary
The Portuguese word 'base' signifies the essential foundation, starting point, or fundamental principle of anything, whether it's a physical object, an idea, or a system. It's the element that supports or originates other components.
- Base: The fundamental principle, groundwork, or supporting part.
- Think of it as the foundation or starting point.
- Used for physical structures and abstract ideas.
- Essential for understanding origins and support.
Visualize the Foundation
When you encounter the word 'base', try to visualize a physical foundation, like the bottom of a table, a pyramid, or a building's foundation. This concrete image can help you remember its core meaning.
Mind the Gender
'Base' is a feminine noun in Portuguese. Always use feminine articles ('a', 'uma') and ensure adjectives agree in gender ('base sólida', 'base importante').
Context is Key
The meaning of 'base' can shift slightly depending on the context. Pay attention to surrounding words to understand if it refers to a physical support, a starting point, a core principle, or a technical term.
Practice the 'ee' Sound
The final 'e' in 'base' is pronounced like a short 'ee' sound, similar to the 'i' in 'bit' or 'sit'. Avoid pronouncing it like the 'eh' in 'bed'.
相关内容
在语境中学习
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a despeito de
A2尽管；虽然。这是一个正式的介词短语，用于表达转折或让步。
a fim
A2意为“为了”或“目的是”。在口语中，它表示“想要”或“对某人感兴趣”。
a saber
A2即；也就是说。
a título de exemplo
A2一个正式的短语，意思是“作为例子”。常用于学术或专业场合。
abordagem
A2方法是一种处理某事的方式，即所使用的方法或策略。（方法是应对情况的方式。）
abordar
B1着手处理一个话题或接近一个人。
abreviar
B1To shorten (a word, phrase, or text).
abreviatura
B1A shortened form of a word or phrase.
abstração
B1The quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.
abstracto
B1存在于思想或作为一种想法，但没有物质或具体的存在。
