A2 · 初级 章节 7

Everyday Expressions and Opinions

4 总规则
40 例句
6 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Sound like a local by mastering everyday idioms and expressing your unique point of view.

  • Use 'avoir' to describe physical sensations like hunger and fear.
  • Talk about the weather and your favorite activities using 'faire'.
  • Construct clear sentences to share your thoughts and beliefs with others.
Speak your mind and live the French way!

你将学到什么

Hey there, language explorer! You’ve already nailed the basics of French, haven’t you? Awesome! Now, let’s take your conversational skills up a notch with 'Everyday Expressions and Opinions.' This chapter is all about making your French sound more natural and confident. You’ll dive into some super useful idiomatic expressions that native speakers use all the time. First, we’ll tackle how to express basic needs and feelings with 'avoir' (to have). Forget I am hungry – in French, you have hunger (avoir faim)! We’ll master saying you’re hungry, thirsty, or even scared, just like a true Francophone. Next up, you’ll learn the versatile 'faire' (to do/make). Ever wanted to describe the weather, like saying 'it’s beautiful' (il fait beau) or 'it’s cold' (il fait froid)? Or perhaps chat about your hobbies, like 'doing sports' (faire du sport) or 'swimming' (faire de la natation)? 'Faire' is your go-to verb for all that! Don't worry, we'll also have a solid review of the French present tense (Le Présent). It’s the backbone of everything we're learning here, handling current actions, habits, and even near-future plans. This ensures all your new expressions are used flawlessly. And finally, the exciting part: expressing your own thoughts! You’ll learn how to confidently share your opinions using penser que (to think that), croire que (to believe that), and trouver que (to find/think that), always followed by que and a full sentence. This means you won’t just be listening; you’ll be an active participant in any conversation! By the end of this chapter, you won't just know French words; you'll be able to naturally describe your daily life, chat about the weather and your hobbies, and most importantly, voice your own opinions. Ready for real French conversations? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe physical needs and feelings using 'avoir' expressions.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: discuss weather conditions and leisure activities using 'faire'.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: conjugate regular and common irregular verbs in the present tense accurately.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to: introduce personal opinions using 'que' clauses.

章节指南

Overview

Welcome, language explorers, to your next exciting step in mastering French grammar A2! You've already built a fantastic foundation, and now it’s time to unlock the secrets to sounding more like a native speaker. This chapter,
Everyday Expressions and Opinions,
is your gateway to engaging in more natural and confident conversations.
We’re moving beyond basic sentences and diving into the idiomatic heart of the language, equipping you with essential tools for daily interactions.
At the CEFR A2 level, the goal is to communicate simply and directly about routine tasks and common topics. This guide will help you do just that, focusing on practical phrases that pop up constantly in French daily life. By the end of this chapter, you won't just understand words; you'll understand *how* French speakers express themselves, making your journey towards fluency much smoother and more enjoyable.
Get ready to enhance your everyday French expressions and learn how to confidently voice your opinions in French!
We'll cover core verbs like avoir (to have) and faire (to do/make) in their most common idiomatic uses, review the all-important French present tense, and empower you to share your thoughts using verbs like penser, croire, and trouver. This isn't just about memorizing phrases; it's about understanding the logic behind them and integrating them seamlessly into your speech. Let's make your French truly shine!

How This Grammar Works

This chapter focuses on essential building blocks for natural French conversation, starting with idiomatic expressions and then moving to opinion-sharing. First, we tackle expressions using the verb avoir (to have). Unlike English, where we are hungry or thirsty, French speakers have these states.
For example, instead of saying I am hungry, you'll say J'ai faim (I have hunger / I am hungry). Similarly, Tu as soif ? (Do you have thirst? / Are you thirsty?) and Il a peur des araignées. (He has fear of spiders.
/ He is afraid of spiders.) are common. Remember to conjugate avoir correctly in the present tense: j'ai, tu as, il/elle/on a, nous avons, vous avez, ils/elles ont.
Next, we explore the incredibly versatile verb faire (to do/make). This verb is a workhorse in French, especially for describing weather and hobbies. For weather, you'll often hear Il fait beau. (It makes beautiful.
/ The weather is nice.) or Il fait froid. (It makes cold. / It's cold.). For hobbies and activities, faire is your go-to: Je fais du sport. (I do sport.
/ I play sports.), Nous faisons de la natation. (We do swimming. / We swim.), or Elle fait du vélo. (She does bike. / She cycles.).
Pay attention to the use of du/de la/de l' after faire for activities.
A solid understanding of the French present tense (Le Présent) is crucial for all these expressions. It's used for actions happening now, habitual actions, and even near-future plans. For example, Je parle français. (I speak French.), Nous mangeons tous les jours. (We eat every day.), and Ils partent demain. (They leave tomorrow.).
This tense underpins your ability to use avoir and faire expressions fluidly.
Finally, to express your thoughts, you'll master verbs like penser (to think), croire (to believe), and trouver (to find/think). These are always followed by que (that) and a complete sentence. For instance, Je pense que c'est une bonne idée. (I think that it's a good idea.).
Tu crois qu'il va pleuvoir ? (Do you believe that it's going to rain?). And Nous trouvons que ce film est excellent. (We find that this movie is excellent.). These phrases allow you to actively participate and share your viewpoint in any conversation.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: Je suis faim.
✓ Correct: "J'ai faim." (I am hungry.)
*Explanation:* In French, you don't be hungry or thirsty; you have hunger (avoir faim) or thirst (avoir soif). Always use the verb avoir for these states.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: "Il est froid aujourd'hui."
✓ Correct: "Il fait froid aujourd'hui." (It's cold today.)
*Explanation:* When describing the weather, French typically uses the impersonal expression il fait (it makes) with adjectives like froid (cold), chaud (hot), beau (beautiful), etc.
  1. 1✗ Wrong:
    Je pense il est intelligent.
✓ Correct: "Je pense qu'il est intelligent." (I think that he is intelligent.)
*Explanation:* Verbs of opinion like penser, croire, and trouver must always be followed by que (that) before introducing a new clause or opinion.

Real Conversations

A

A

Bonjour ! Tu as faim ? On va déjeuner ? (Hello! Are you hungry? Shall we have lunch?)
B

B

Oui, j'ai faim et j'ai aussi un peu soif. Il fait chaud aujourd'hui ! (Yes, I'm hungry and I'm also a little thirsty. It's hot today!)
A

A

Qu'est-ce que tu fais ce week-end ? Tu fais du sport ? (What are you doing this weekend? Are you playing sports?)
B

B

Non, je ne fais pas de sport. Je pense que je vais lire un livre et me reposer. (No, I'm not playing sports. I think that I'm going to read a book and rest.)
A

A

Tu crois que ce restaurant est bon ? (Do you believe that this restaurant is good?)
B

B

Oui, je trouve que la cuisine est excellente ici. Et le service est super aussi ! (Yes, I find that the food is excellent here. And the service is great too!)

Quick FAQ

Q

What's the main difference between penser que and trouver que?

Penser que means to think that and expresses a general opinion or belief. Trouver que means to find that and implies an opinion based on personal experience or perception.

Q

Why do French speakers say "J'ai faim instead of Je suis faim"?

French uses avoir (to have) for many physical or emotional states that English uses to be for. It's an idiomatic difference you simply need to learn!

Q

Can I use faire for all weather descriptions?

Faire is used for general weather conditions (e.g., il fait beau, il fait froid). For precipitation, other verbs like il pleut (it's raining) or il neige (it's snowing) are used.

Q

Is que always required after penser, croire, and trouver when expressing an opinion?

Yes, when these verbs introduce a full clause expressing an opinion, que is essential to link the main verb to the subordinate clause.

Cultural Context

These everyday expressions are woven into the fabric of daily French conversation. Using avoir faim/soif or il fait beau/froid will instantly make you sound more natural and less like you're translating directly from English. Expressing opinions with penser que, croire que, and trouver que is fundamental to engaging in discussions.
French speakers value clear and well-articulated viewpoints, so mastering these phrases allows you to participate more fully and authentically in social interactions.

关键例句 (8)

1

J'ai trop faim, on commande une pizza ?

我太饿了，我们要点个披萨吗？

带有 Avoir 的表达：饥饿、口渴与恐惧 (Avoir faim, soif, peur)
2

Tu as soif ? Je peux t'apporter un verre d'eau.

你渴吗？我可以给你倒杯水。

带有 Avoir 的表达：饥饿、口渴与恐惧 (Avoir faim, soif, peur)
3

Il fait très chaud aujourd'hui, je vais à la plage.

今天天气很热，我要去海边。

使用 Faire 的法语表达：天气与爱好
4

Je fais du vélo tous les matins avant le travail.

我每天上班前都会骑自行车。

使用 Faire 的法语表达：天气与爱好
5

Je regarde un film sur Netflix.

我正在 Netflix 上看电影。

法语现在时：掌握动词 (Le Présent)
6

Tu finis ton travail à quelle heure ?

你几点下班？

法语现在时：掌握动词 (Le Présent)
7

Je pense que nous allons gagner ce match.

我觉得我们会赢得这场比赛。

表达意见 (Penser, Croire, Trouver)
8

Je trouve que ce restaurant est un peu surcoté.

我觉得这家餐厅有点名不副实。

表达意见 (Penser, Croire, Trouver)

技巧与窍门 (4)

⚠️

别掉进 Être 的陷阱

千万别说 Je suis faim，那听起来像你的名字叫“饥饿”。一定要用 "J'ai faim"。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 带有 Avoir 的表达：饥饿、口渴与恐惧 (Avoir faim, soif, peur)
⚠️

"Faites" 陷阱

千万别说 vous faisez。虽然大多数 -re 结尾的动词变位是 -ez，但 faire 是个调皮的例外，必须是 vous faites。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使用 Faire 的法语表达：天气与爱好
⚠️

“ENT” 的沉默

千万别读出 'parlent' 或 'mangent' 结尾的 'ent'。那是给眼睛看的，不是给耳朵听的！
Ils parlent français.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 法语现在时：掌握动词 (Le Présent)
⚠️

千万别漏掉 'Que'

在英语里我们可以省略 'that'，但在法语里 que 是绝对不能省的！比如你想说我觉得他会来，必须说： "Je pense QU'il vient"。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 表达意见 (Penser, Croire, Trouver)

核心词汇 (7)

la faim hunger la peur fear le temps weather / time penser to think croire to believe trouver to find / to think chaud hot

Real-World Preview

tree-pine

A Day at the Park

Review Summary

  • Sujet + Avoir (conjugated) + [faim/soif/peur/chaud/froid]
  • Il fait + [weather] / Sujet + Faire + [activity]
  • Verbe d'opinion + que + [Full Sentence]

常见错误

In French, hunger is something you 'have', not something you 'are'. Using 'être' is a literal translation from English that sounds wrong in French.

Wrong: Je suis faim.
正确: J'ai faim.

You cannot omit 'que' (that) in French like you can in English. It is the essential bridge between the verb and the opinion.

Wrong: Je pense c'est bon.
正确: Je pense que c'est bon.

When talking about the weather, always use 'il fait'. 'Il est chaud' would refer to an object or a person being physically hot to the touch.

Wrong: Il est chaud.
正确: Il fait chaud.

Next Steps

You're doing fantastic! Mastering these everyday expressions is a huge step toward fluency. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be debating your favorite topics in French!

Write 3 sentences about the weather today and how it makes you feel.

Listen to a French weather forecast on YouTube and identify 'il fait' expressions.

Continue to: Talking About Completed Actions

快速练习 (10)

找出并修正下面句子中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

Elle est peur des chiens.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Elle a peur des chiens.
害怕要用 avoir 搭配。另外，后面需要介词 de（de+les 变成 des）。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 带有 Avoir 的表达：饥饿、口渴与恐惧 (Avoir faim, soif, peur)

哪句话在语法上是正确的？

选择“他们完成了”的正确表达：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ils finissent
像 'finir' 这样的第二组动词，在复数“他们”形式下使用 '-issent' 结尾。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 法语现在时：掌握动词 (Le Présent)

哪句话描述兴趣爱好是正确的？

选择语法正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je fais du yoga.
Yoga 是阳性名词，所以要使用部分冠词 du (de + le)。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使用 Faire 的法语表达：天气与爱好

在空格处填入正确的天气表达。

Regarde dehors ! Il ____ beau aujourd'hui.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: fait
在法语中，描述天气状况使用动词 faire，而不是 être 或 avoir。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 使用 Faire 的法语表达：天气与爱好

用动词 avoir 的正确形式填空。

Nous ____ soif après la randonnée.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: avons
主语是 nous，所以 avoir 对应的变位形式是 avons。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 带有 Avoir 的表达：饥饿、口渴与恐惧 (Avoir faim, soif, peur)

用 'manger' 的正确形式填空。

Nous ___ une salade au café.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: mangeons
搭配 'nous' 时，结尾是 '-ons'。为了保持 'g' 的柔和发音，我们要保留 'e' (mangeons)。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 法语现在时：掌握动词 (Le Présent)

哪个句子在语法上是正确的？

选择正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je pense qu'il est tard.
在以元音开头的单词（如 'il'）之前，'Que' 必须变成 'qu''。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 表达意见 (Penser, Croire, Trouver)

哪句话的意思是“我饿了”？

请选择正确选项：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: J'ai faim.
法语表达饥饿要用动词 avoir (拥有)，而不是 être (是)。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 带有 Avoir 的表达：饥饿、口渴与恐惧 (Avoir faim, soif, peur)

找出并修正错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

Je suis travaille dans un bureau.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je travaille dans un bureau.
在法语中，你不能说“我正在是工作”。直接说 Je travaille 即可。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 法语现在时：掌握动词 (Le Présent)

找出并修正表达信念时的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

Je croyons que tu as raison.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Je crois que tu as raison.
动词 'croire' 的 'Je' 变位形式是 'crois'，而不是 'croyons'（那是 'nous' 的形式）。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 表达意见 (Penser, Croire, Trouver)

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

法语把饥饿、口渴和恐惧看作是你“拥有”的生理感觉，而不是你身份的一部分。这就像你“拥有”感冒一样。"J'ai faim."
不行哦，fatigué 是形容词，所以要配 être。你应该说 Je suis fatigué。
当然可以！你可以说
Je fais mes devoirs
。这是学生最常用的表达之一。
永远是 faire du sport。在法语中，de + le 必须缩合为 du。
如果写成 'mangons'，'g' 的发音会变硬。加个 'e' 是为了保持它像 orange 里的那种柔和发音。
不需要！Je travaille 既表示“我工作”也表示“我正在工作”。加 'suis' 是英语母语者常犯的错误。
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