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A2 verb #2,500 最常用 9分钟阅读

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना

To strive to gain or win something by defeating others.

pratispardha karna
At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Hindi. The phrase 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (pratispardha karna) might seem a bit long, but it is very useful. It means 'to compete'. In simple terms, it is when two or more people try to win a game, a race, or a prize. You can think of it like playing a sport against someone. Because it is a big word, beginners often use simpler words like 'खेलना' (to play) or 'जीतने की कोशिश करना' (to try to win). However, recognizing 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is great because you will hear it on TV and in news. To use it, you just conjugate the 'करना' (karna) part. For example, 'मैं प्रतिस्पर्धा करता हूँ' means 'I compete'. If you are a girl, you say 'मैं प्रतिस्पर्धा करती हूँ'. It is a formal word, so you use it when talking about real matches, exams, or businesses. Remember, when you compete with someone, you use the word 'से' (se) which means 'with'. So, 'राम से प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' means 'to compete with Ram'. Practice saying it slowly: pra-ti-spar-dha kar-na. It is a very strong and good word to know even at the beginning of your Hindi journey. It shows you are learning serious vocabulary.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (pratispardha karna) in your own sentences to talk about sports, school, and games. This word means 'to compete'. It is a compound verb, which means it is made of a noun 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' (competition) and the verb 'करना' (to do). You already know how to conjugate 'करना', so using this word is easy! For example, if you want to say 'We are competing', you say 'हम प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहे हैं'. A very important rule to remember at this level is the postposition. In English, you say 'compete against', but in Hindi, we say 'compete with' using 'से' (se). So, 'I compete against him' translates to 'मैं उससे प्रतिस्पर्धा करता हूँ'. You will see this word a lot in reading passages about athletes, students, and companies. It is a slightly formal word. If you are just playing a fun game with friends, you might just say 'हम खेल रहे हैं' (we are playing). But if it is a real tournament or a serious exam, 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' is the perfect word. Try to use it when writing short paragraphs about your favorite sports team or your experiences in school competitions.
At the B1 level, your understanding of 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (pratispardha karna) should expand to include different contexts like business, career, and academics, not just sports. You should be comfortable using it in various tenses, including the past perfective. A key grammatical point to master here is that 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is a feminine noun. Therefore, when you use the 'ने' (ne) construction in the past tense, the verb must agree with the feminine noun. You must say 'उसने प्रतिस्पर्धा की' (He/She competed), NOT 'उसने प्रतिस्पर्धा किया'. This is a common mistake for learners, so mastering it shows a solid B1 proficiency. Furthermore, you should start recognizing the difference between 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (the act of competing) and 'प्रतियोगिता' (the competition event itself). For instance, 'मैं प्रतियोगिता में प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहा हूँ' (I am competing in the competition). You can also start using adjectives with it, such as 'कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा' (tough competition) or 'स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा' (healthy competition). This word is essential for expressing opinions about modern society, where competition is everywhere. You can use it in debates, essays, and discussions about the pressures of exams or the challenges of finding a job.
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At the B2 level, 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' becomes a core part of your active vocabulary for discussing abstract and complex topics. You are expected to use it fluently in professional and academic discussions. You should be able to contrast it with synonyms like 'मुकाबला करना' (mukabla karna) and understand the register differences—'प्रतिस्पर्धा' being more formal and Sanskritized, suitable for writing and formal speech, while 'मुकाबला' is more colloquial and Urdu-derived. You can also explore related concepts like 'प्रतिस्पर्धी' (competitor) and 'प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक' (competitive). At this level, you can construct complex sentences using relative clauses and conditional structures. For example, 'यदि हम वैश्विक बाज़ार में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना चाहते हैं, तो हमें अपनी गुणवत्ता बढ़ानी होगी' (If we want to compete in the global market, we must improve our quality). You should also be comfortable discussing the nuances of competition, such as the psychological effects of 'अंधी होड़' (blind race/rat race) versus 'सकारात्मक प्रतिस्पर्धा' (positive competition). Your use of the verb should be grammatically flawless, naturally incorporating the correct postpositions ('से' for opponents, 'में' for fields/events) and maintaining perfect gender agreement in all perfective tenses.
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At the C1 level, your command over 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' should be near-native, allowing you to use it effortlessly in highly formal, academic, and journalistic contexts. You understand that this word carries a specific sociolinguistic weight, often used in discourse surrounding neoliberal economics, educational policy, and international relations. You can seamlessly integrate it into complex syntactic structures, such as passive voices or causative forms, though the causative 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करवाना' (to make someone compete) is rare; usually, one would say 'प्रतियोगिता आयोजित करना' (to organize a competition). You are adept at using idiomatic expressions and collocations associated with this word, such as 'कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा का सामना करना' (to face stiff competition) or 'प्रतिस्पर्धा में पिछड़ जाना' (to lag behind in competition). You can analyze texts where this word is used to subtly convey ideological stances on capitalism or the education system. Furthermore, you can effortlessly switch between 'प्रतिस्पर्धा', 'मुकाबला', 'टक्कर', and 'होड़' depending on the exact rhetorical effect you wish to achieve, demonstrating a deep appreciation for the stylistic and cultural nuances of Hindi vocabulary.
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At the C2 level, 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' is fully internalized, and you can manipulate it with the finesse of an educated native speaker. You can engage in deep philosophical, economic, or sociological debates regarding the nature of competition itself, using this term as a foundational concept. You recognize its etymological roots in Sanskrit (prati - against, spardha - rivalry/envy) and understand how this shapes its formal resonance in modern Standard Hindi. You can critique literary or journalistic texts based on their use of this vocabulary, noting how the choice of 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' over 'मुकाबला' might reflect a writer's linguistic background or intended audience. You can use it in highly stylized or poetic contexts, perhaps contrasting the human drive to compete with the desire for cooperation (सहयोग). Your usage is characterized by absolute grammatical precision, rhetorical elegance, and an intuitive grasp of the word's collocational field. You can effortlessly generate complex, multi-clause sentences where 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' functions as a gerundive subject, an object of a preposition, or part of a sophisticated conditional matrix, all while maintaining perfect flow and idiomatic naturalness.
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开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना 30秒了解

  • Means 'to compete' in English.
  • Formal term used in sports, business, and exams.
  • Always use the postposition 'से' (with) for opponents.
  • Feminine noun base, so past tense with 'ने' is 'प्रतिस्पर्धा की'.
The Hindi verb प्रतिस्पर्धा करना (pratispardha karna) translates to 'to compete' in English. It is a compound verb formed by combining the noun प्रतिस्पर्धा (competition) with the verb करना (to do). This term is widely used in contexts ranging from sports and academics to business and daily life. When you say someone is competing, you are implying a structured or unstructured rivalry where individuals or teams strive to outperform one another to achieve a specific goal, prize, or status. Understanding this word is crucial for navigating conversations about modern life, where competition is a ubiquitous element. In Indian culture, particularly in education and career advancement, the concept of 'pratispardha' is deeply ingrained. Students compete for top ranks in board exams, professionals compete for promotions, and businesses compete for market share. The word carries a formal tone, making it suitable for journalistic, academic, and professional discourse. While there are colloquial alternatives like 'mukabla karna' or 'takkar lena', 'pratispardha karna' remains the standard, polite, and precise way to describe the act of competing.
Literal Meaning
To do competition.

वह ओलंपिक में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना चाहता है। (He wants to compete in the Olympics.)

The psychological aspect of 'pratispardha' is also significant. It implies not just the physical act of participating in a contest, but the mental drive to win. This drive can be seen in the rigorous preparation athletes undergo or the long hours students study. The word encapsulates the essence of striving for excellence against odds and opponents.
Contextual Usage
Used in sports, business, and academics.

बाज़ार में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना आसान नहीं है। (It is not easy to compete in the market.)

Furthermore, the concept of healthy competition (स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा) is often encouraged to foster growth and innovation. Without competition, markets stagnate and personal development slows down. Therefore, 'pratispardha karna' is not inherently negative; it is a neutral term that describes a fundamental human activity.
Grammar Note
It is a transitive verb phrase, often taking objects with postpositions like 'से' (with).

हमें विदेशी कंपनियों से प्रतिस्पर्धा करना होगा। (We will have to compete with foreign companies.)

छात्रों को आपस में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना सिखाया जाता है। (Students are taught to compete among themselves.)

क्या तुम इस दौड़ में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना चाहोगे? (Would you like to compete in this race?)

In summary, mastering the use of 'pratispardha karna' allows learners to articulate complex social, economic, and personal dynamics in Hindi accurately and effectively.
Using प्रतिस्पर्धा करना (pratispardha karna) correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure as a conjunct verb. In Hindi, many verbs are formed by pairing a noun or adjective with a 'doing' verb like करना (karna) or होना (hona). Here, the noun is प्रतिस्पर्धा (competition). Because it is a compound verb, the conjugation happens entirely on the 'करना' part. For example, in the present tense, it becomes प्रतिस्पर्धा करता है (competes - masculine singular), प्रतिस्पर्धा करती है (competes - feminine singular), or प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं (compete - plural/respectful). In the past tense, it becomes प्रतिस्पर्धा की (competed - noting that प्रतिस्पर्धा is a feminine noun, so in perfective tenses with 'ने', the verb agrees with the object, but usually it's used intransitively with 'से').
Conjugation Rule
Conjugate 'करना' according to the subject's gender, number, and tense.

मैं हर साल इस प्रतियोगिता में प्रतिस्पर्धा करता हूँ। (I compete in this competition every year.)

For instance, 'राम श्याम से प्रतिस्पर्धा करता है' (Ram competes with Shyam). If you want to say 'compete IN something', use the postposition 'में' (mein). For example, 'खेलों में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (to compete in sports).
Postposition Usage
'से' (with) for opponents, 'में' (in) for events.

वह अपने भाई से प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रही है। (She is competing with her brother.)

It is also common to use this verb in the infinitive form as a gerund, acting as the subject of a sentence. For example, 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना अच्छा है' (Competing is good). This highlights the action itself.
Infinitive as Subject
Using the verb as a noun phrase.

अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना एक बड़ी चुनौती है। (Competing at the international level is a big challenge.)

उन्होंने कल मैच में प्रतिस्पर्धा की। (They competed in the match yesterday.)

हम भविष्य में उनसे प्रतिस्पर्धा करेंगे। (We will compete with them in the future.)

Remember that while the noun 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is feminine, when used as an active verb without 'ने', the verb 'करना' agrees with the subject. Only in the past perfective with a transitive subject does the gender of the noun 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' dictate the verb form (e.g., उसने प्रतिस्पर्धा की - He/She competed). Mastering these nuances ensures your Hindi sounds natural and grammatically flawless.
The phrase प्रतिस्पर्धा करना (pratispardha karna) is ubiquitous in modern Hindi-speaking environments, particularly in formal and semi-formal contexts. You will frequently hear it in news broadcasts, especially in the sports and business segments. Sports commentators use it to describe athletes vying for a championship. For example, a news anchor might say, 'भारतीय टीम ऑस्ट्रेलिया से प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रही है' (The Indian team is competing with Australia). In the business world, financial analysts and corporate leaders use this term to discuss market dynamics, corporate rivalry, and economic growth.
Sports Context
Used to describe athletes and teams in tournaments.

पहलवान अखाड़े में प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहे हैं। (The wrestlers are competing in the arena.)

Beyond sports and business, the educational sector is another major domain where this word is prevalent. In India, the education system is highly competitive. Teachers, parents, and students frequently discuss the need to compete in entrance exams like JEE, NEET, or UPSC. You might hear a teacher advising a student, 'तुम्हें लाखों छात्रों से प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी है' (You have to compete with millions of students).
Academic Context
Used regarding exams, ranks, and scholarships.

प्रवेश परीक्षा में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना बहुत कठिन हो गया है। (Competing in the entrance exam has become very difficult.)

Furthermore, political discourse heavily relies on this vocabulary. Politicians compete for votes, and political analysts describe election campaigns as a form of intense competition.
Political Context
Elections and political rivalries.

दो प्रमुख पार्टियां चुनाव में प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रही हैं। (Two major parties are competing in the elections.)

वैश्विक स्तर पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना हमारे देश का लक्ष्य है। (Competing on a global level is our country's goal.)

कलाकारों को भी फिल्म उद्योग में प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी पड़ती है। (Artists also have to compete in the film industry.)

In everyday conversations, while people might use simpler words like 'मुकाबला' (mukabla), 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is immediately understood and elevates the register of the speaker. It shows a good command of formal Hindi vocabulary. Whether reading a Hindi newspaper like Dainik Jagran or watching a debate on Aaj Tak, 'pratispardha karna' is a phrase you will encounter regularly, reflecting the competitive nature of modern society.
When learning to use प्रतिस्पर्धा करना (pratispardha karna), non-native speakers often make a few predictable grammatical and contextual errors. The most common mistake involves the incorrect use of postpositions. English speakers naturally want to translate 'compete against' literally, sometimes leading to awkward phrasing like 'के खिलाफ प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (ke khilaf pratispardha karna). While technically understandable, it is much more natural and standard in Hindi to use the postposition 'से' (se), which translates to 'with' or 'from'. So, 'I am competing against him' should be 'मैं उससे प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहा हूँ' (Main usse pratispardha kar raha hoon).
Postposition Error
Using 'के खिलाफ' instead of 'से'.

❌ उसने मेरे खिलाफ प्रतिस्पर्धा की।
✅ उसने मुझसे प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

Another frequent error relates to gender agreement in the past perfective tense. Because 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is a feminine noun, when the verb is used transitively with the 'ने' (ne) marker on the subject, the verb 'करना' must agree with the feminine noun 'प्रतिस्पर्धा', resulting in 'की' (ki), not 'किया' (kiya).
Gender Agreement Error
Saying 'प्रतिस्पर्धा किया' instead of 'प्रतिस्पर्धा की'.

❌ राम ने श्याम से प्रतिस्पर्धा किया।
✅ राम ने श्याम से प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

A third mistake is using this highly formal word in overly casual contexts where it sounds unnatural. If two children are racing to the car, saying 'वे प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहे हैं' sounds overly academic. In such cases, 'वे रेस लगा रहे हैं' (they are racing) or 'वे मुकाबला कर रहे हैं' is better.
Register Error
Using it for trivial, casual games.

❌ बच्चे खिलौने के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहे हैं।
✅ बच्चे खिलौने के लिए लड़ रहे हैं/छीना-झपटी कर रहे हैं।

हमें सही व्याकरण के साथ प्रतिस्पर्धा करना सीखना चाहिए। (We should learn to compete with correct grammar.)

कंपनियों ने बाज़ार में प्रतिस्पर्धा की। (The companies competed in the market.)

By paying attention to the postposition 'से', the feminine past tense agreement 'की', and the formal register of the word, learners can avoid these common pitfalls and sound much more like native Hindi speakers.
The Hindi language offers a rich vocabulary for expressing the idea of competition, and while प्रतिस्पर्धा करना (pratispardha karna) is a primary term, knowing its synonyms helps in understanding nuances and choosing the right word for the right context. The most common synonym is मुकाबला करना (mukabla karna). This is an Urdu-derived word that is extremely popular in everyday spoken Hindi. It can mean to compete, to confront, or to face off. It is slightly less formal than 'pratispardha' and is heavily used in sports commentary and casual conversations.
मुकाबला करना (Mukabla karna)
To compete/confront (casual/everyday).

भारत और पाकिस्तान का मुकाबला हमेशा रोमांचक होता है। (The competition/match between India and Pakistan is always exciting.)

Another related term is प्रतियोगिता करना (pratiyogita karna). While 'pratiyogita' usually translates to 'competition' as an event (like a drawing competition), the verbal form is sometimes used, though less frequently than 'pratispardha karna'. 'Pratiyogita' emphasizes the organized nature of the event, whereas 'pratispardha' emphasizes the act of striving against others.
प्रतियोगिता (Pratiyogita)
A formal competition or contest event.

उसने गायन प्रतियोगिता में भाग लिया। (He participated in the singing competition.)

For more intense or aggressive forms of competition, you might hear टक्कर लेना (takkar lena), which literally means 'to take a collision' but idiomatically means to clash or compete fiercely. This is very colloquial. Another term is होड़ (hod), which implies a race or a rush to outdo others, often used in a slightly negative context, like a 'rat race' (अंधी होड़).
टक्कर लेना (Takkar lena)
To clash / compete fiercely.

छोटी कंपनी बड़ी कंपनी से टक्कर ले रही है। (The small company is fiercely competing with the big company.)

आजकल पैसे कमाने की होड़ लगी है। (Nowadays there is a race/competition to earn money.)

हमें स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी चाहिए, न कि अंधी होड़। (We should compete healthily, not engage in a blind race.)

Understanding these variations—from the formal 'pratispardha' to the everyday 'mukabla' and the aggressive 'takkar'—gives a learner the flexibility to express the exact shade of meaning required in any given situation.

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按水平分级的例句

1

मैं प्रतिस्पर्धा करता हूँ।

I compete.

Present simple, masculine singular.

2

वह प्रतिस्पर्धा करती है।

She competes.

Present simple, feminine singular.

3

हम प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं।

We compete.

Present simple, plural.

4

क्या तुम प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हो?

Do you compete?

Interrogative, present simple.

5

वे प्रतिस्पर्धा नहीं करते।

They do not compete.

Negative, present simple.

6

मुझे प्रतिस्पर्धा करना है।

I have to compete.

Infinitive used for obligation.

7

वह आज प्रतिस्पर्धा करेगा।

He will compete today.

Future tense, masculine singular.

8

चलो प्रतिस्पर्धा करें!

Let's compete!

Subjunctive/Imperative for suggestion.

1

मैं अपने दोस्त से प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहा हूँ।

I am competing with my friend.

Present continuous, use of 'से' (with).

2

उसने कल दौड़ में प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

He competed in the race yesterday.

Past perfective, feminine agreement 'की'.

3

हमें हमेशा ईमानदारी से प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी चाहिए।

We should always compete honestly.

Use of 'चाहिए' (should) with infinitive.

4

क्या आप इस खेल में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना चाहते हैं?

Do you want to compete in this game?

Infinitive with 'चाहना' (to want).

5

वे एक दूसरे से प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहे थे।

They were competing with each other.

Past continuous tense.

6

मुझे प्रतिस्पर्धा करना बहुत पसंद है।

I like competing very much.

Infinitive used as a noun (gerund).

7

वह जीतने के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करता है।

He competes to win.

Use of 'के लिए' (for/to).

8

मेरी बहन स्कूल में प्रतिस्पर्धा करेगी।

My sister will compete in school.

Future tense, feminine singular.

1

आजकल व्यापार में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना बहुत मुश्किल हो गया है।

Nowadays, competing in business has become very difficult.

Infinitive as subject, complex sentence.

2

अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के लिए कड़ी मेहनत की आवश्यकता है।

Hard work is needed to compete at the international level.

Infinitive with 'के लिए' (in order to).

3

दोनों कंपनियों ने बाज़ार पर कब्ज़ा करने के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

Both companies competed to capture the market.

Past perfective with 'ने' and feminine verb 'की'.

4

छात्रों को केवल अंकों के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा नहीं करनी चाहिए।

Students should not compete only for marks.

Negative advice using 'चाहिए'.

5

स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा करने से हमारी क्षमता बढ़ती है।

Competing healthily increases our capability.

Gerund with 'से' (by doing).

6

वह उस नौकरी के लिए सौ अन्य उम्मीदवारों से प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रही है।

She is competing with a hundred other candidates for that job.

Present continuous, complex object phrase.

7

अगर तुम अभ्यास नहीं करोगे, तो प्रतिस्पर्धा कैसे करोगे?

If you don't practice, how will you compete?

Conditional sentence (अगर... तो).

8

उन्होंने एक नई तकनीक विकसित की ताकि वे बेहतर प्रतिस्पर्धा कर सकें।

They developed a new technology so that they could compete better.

Use of 'ताकि' (so that) with subjunctive 'सकें'.

1

वैश्वीकरण के इस युग में, स्थानीय उद्योगों को बहुराष्ट्रीय कंपनियों से प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी पड़ती है।

In this era of globalization, local industries have to compete with multinational companies.

Compulsion using 'पड़ता है' with feminine infinitive.

2

यह सुनिश्चित करना आवश्यक है कि सभी प्रतिभागी समान स्तर पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करें।

It is necessary to ensure that all participants compete on a level playing field.

Subjunctive mood after 'यह सुनिश्चित करना आवश्यक है कि'.

3

लगातार प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के दबाव ने कई युवाओं के मानसिक स्वास्थ्य को प्रभावित किया है।

The pressure of constantly competing has affected the mental health of many youths.

Noun phrase 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के दबाव ने' as subject.

4

हालाँकि उनके पास कम संसाधन थे, फिर भी उन्होंने डटकर प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

Even though they had fewer resources, they still competed fiercely.

Concessive clause (हालाँकि... फिर भी).

5

बाज़ार में बने रहने के लिए नवाचार के माध्यम से प्रतिस्पर्धा करना ही एकमात्र विकल्प है।

To survive in the market, competing through innovation is the only option.

Infinitive phrase as the main subject.

6

वे न केवल कीमत पर बल्कि गुणवत्ता पर भी प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहे हैं।

They are competing not only on price but also on quality.

Correlative conjunctions (न केवल... बल्कि... भी).

7

राजनीतिक दलों ने मतदाताओं को लुभाने के लिए कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

Political parties competed fiercely to woo the voters.

Past perfective with adverb 'कड़ी' (fiercely/hard).

8

भविष्य में, इंसान को कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता से प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी पड़ सकती है।

In the future, humans might have to compete with artificial intelligence.

Modal verb of possibility 'पड़ सकती है'.

1

मुक्त बाज़ार अर्थव्यवस्था इस सिद्धांत पर आधारित है कि संस्थाओं को लाभ को अधिकतम करने के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी चाहिए।

A free market economy is based on the principle that entities should compete to maximize profit.

Complex sentence with abstract economic concepts.

2

अत्यधिक प्रतिस्पर्धा करने की प्रवृत्ति कभी-कभी नैतिक पतन का कारण बन सकती है।

The tendency to compete excessively can sometimes lead to moral degradation.

Advanced vocabulary (प्रवृत्ति, नैतिक पतन).

3

यह तर्क दिया जाता है कि सहयोग, प्रतिस्पर्धा करने की तुलना में अधिक स्थायी परिणाम देता है।

It is argued that cooperation yields more sustainable results compared to competing.

Passive voice 'तर्क दिया जाता है' and comparative structure.

4

अंतरिक्ष अन्वेषण के क्षेत्र में, महाशक्तियों ने शीत युद्ध के दौरान अभूतपूर्व रूप से प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

In the field of space exploration, superpowers competed unprecedentedly during the Cold War.

Historical context, advanced adverbs (अभूतपूर्व रूप से).

5

बिना किसी स्पष्ट विनियामक ढांचे के प्रतिस्पर्धा करना अराजकता को जन्म दे सकता है।

Competing without any clear regulatory framework can give rise to chaos.

Prepositional phrase 'बिना किसी... के' modifying the gerund.

6

कौशल विकास के बिना वैश्विक कार्यबल में प्रतिस्पर्धा करने की कल्पना करना भी व्यर्थ है।

Without skill development, even imagining competing in the global workforce is futile.

Nested infinitives (प्रतिस्पर्धा करने की कल्पना करना).

7

उन्होंने एकाधिकार स्थापित करने के उद्देश्य से अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वियों से आक्रामक रूप से प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

They competed aggressively with their rivals with the aim of establishing a monopoly.

Complex adverbial phrase of purpose (के उद्देश्य से).

8

साहित्यिक जगत में भी, लेखकों को पाठकों का ध्यान आकर्षित करने के लिए निरंतर प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी पड़ती है।

Even in the literary world, writers have to constantly compete to attract readers' attention.

Use of 'भी' for emphasis, formal vocabulary (साहित्यिक जगत).

1

नवउदारवादी नीतियों ने एक ऐसा परिवेश निर्मित किया है जहाँ हर नागरिक को एक-दूसरे से निरंतर प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के लिए विवश किया जाता है।

Neoliberal policies have created an environment where every citizen is forced to constantly compete with one another.

Highly formal academic register, passive causative (विवश किया जाता है).

2

विकासवादी जीव विज्ञान के दृष्टिकोण से, प्रजातियों का अस्तित्व संसाधनों के लिए सफलतापूर्वक प्रतिस्पर्धा करने की उनकी क्षमता पर निर्भर करता है।

From the perspective of evolutionary biology, the survival of species depends on their ability to successfully compete for resources.

Scientific register, complex noun phrase dependencies.

3

यह विडंबना ही है कि जिस शिक्षा प्रणाली को ज्ञानवर्धन करना चाहिए, वह महज़ अंकों के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करने का अखाड़ा बन कर रह गई है।

It is an irony that the education system which should impart knowledge has been reduced to a mere arena for competing for marks.

Rhetorical structure (यह विडंबना ही है कि), idiomatic usage (अखाड़ा बन कर रह जाना).

4

वैश्विक भू-राजनीति में, राष्ट्र-राज्य न केवल सैन्य शक्ति के लिए बल्कि तकनीकी वर्चस्व के लिए भी निर्ममतापूर्वक प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं।

In global geopolitics, nation-states compete ruthlessly not only for military power but also for technological hegemony.

Geopolitical vocabulary (भू-राजनीति, वर्चस्व).

5

कला के क्षेत्र में व्यावसायिक सफलता के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करना अक्सर रचनात्मक स्वतंत्रता के साथ समझौता करने की मांग करता है।

Competing for commercial success in the field of art often demands compromising with creative freedom.

Abstract conceptual relationships.

6

बाज़ार की शक्तियों को अनियंत्रित छोड़ देने पर, प्रतिस्पर्धा करने की स्वाभाविक मानवीय प्रवृत्ति एकाधिकारवादी प्रवृत्तियों में विकृत हो सकती है।

If market forces are left unchecked, the natural human tendency to compete can distort into monopolistic tendencies.

Conditional participle clause (छोड़ देने पर).

7

अस्तित्ववादी दर्शन में, व्यक्ति को अर्थहीनता से प्रतिस्पर्धा करने और अपने स्वयं के मूल्य गढ़ने की चुनौती का सामना करना पड़ता है।

In existentialist philosophy, the individual faces the challenge of competing with meaninglessness and forging their own values.

Philosophical register, metaphorical use of the verb.

8

जलवायु परिवर्तन के शमन के संदर्भ में, देशों को एक-दूसरे से प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के बजाय सहयोगात्मक प्रतिमानों को अपनाना अपरिहार्य हो गया है।

In the context of climate change mitigation, it has become indispensable for countries to adopt collaborative paradigms instead of competing with each other.

Highly formal policy-level discourse (शमन, प्रतिमान, अपरिहार्य).

常见搭配

कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
बाज़ार में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
एक-दूसरे से प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
सफलतापूर्वक प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
डटकर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
वैश्विक स्तर पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
सीधी प्रतिस्पर्धा करना
मूल्य पर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना

常用短语

प्रतिस्पर्धा में बने रहना

प्रतिस्पर्धा का सामना करना

प्रतिस्पर्धा में पिछड़ जाना

प्रतिस्पर्धा को बढ़ावा देना

कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा होना

प्रतिस्पर्धा से बाहर होना

गलाकाट प्रतिस्पर्धा

स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा

वैश्विक प्रतिस्पर्धा

बाज़ार की प्रतिस्पर्धा

容易混淆的词

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs प्रतियोगिता (Pratiyogita - the event of competition, not the verb 'to compete')

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs सहयोग करना (Sahyog karna - to cooperate, the exact opposite)

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs तुलना करना (Tulna karna - to compare, often confused by beginners due to similar contexts)

习语与表达

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

容易混淆

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs

प्रतिस्पर्धा करना vs

句型

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如何使用

nuance

Implies a structured or serious effort to win, unlike casual play.

formality

High. Suitable for writing, news, and formal speeches.

colloquial alternatives

मुकाबला करना (mukabla karna) is widely used in everyday speech.

常见错误
  • Using 'के खिलाफ' (against) instead of 'से' (with) for the opponent.
  • Saying 'प्रतिस्पर्धा किया' instead of the grammatically correct feminine form 'प्रतिस्पर्धा की' in the past tense.
  • Confusing the verb 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (to compete) with the noun 'प्रतियोगिता' (competition event).
  • Using this highly formal word for trivial, everyday games among children where 'खेलना' or 'रेस लगाना' is better.
  • Mispronouncing the consonant cluster, saying 'par-ti-sa-par-dha' instead of the crisp 'pra-ti-spar-dha'.

小贴士

The 'Ne' Rule Agreement

Always remember that 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is feminine. In the past tense with 'ने', write 'की', not 'किया'. Example: राम ने प्रतिस्पर्धा की।

Use 'Se' for Opponents

Don't use 'के खिलाफ' (against) when saying who you are competing with. Use 'से' (with). Example: मैं उससे प्रतिस्पर्धा कर रहा हूँ।

Master the 'Spar' Sound

The middle part of the word is a half 's' and a full 'p'. Practice saying 'spar' like in the English word 'spark' to get it right.

Perfect for Business

If you are writing a professional email or business report in Hindi, this is the exact word you need for 'compete'. It sounds highly professional.

Pair with 'Kadi' (Tough)

To sound like a native, use the adjective 'कड़ी' (kadi) to describe tough competition. Example: कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा (tough competition).

Academic Discussions

Use this word when discussing exams like JEE or UPSC. It perfectly captures the intense academic rivalry in India.

When to use Mukabla

If you are struggling to pronounce 'pratispardha' in a fast conversation, just use 'मुकाबला करना' (mukabla karna). Everyone will understand you.

Infinitive for Purpose

Use 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के लिए' to say 'in order to compete'. The 'करना' changes to 'करने' before the postposition 'के लिए'.

Action vs Event

Remember that 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' is the action (competing), while 'प्रतियोगिता' is the event (the competition itself). Don't mix them up.

A Culturally Loaded Word

Understand that in India, this word carries a lot of weight due to the highly competitive nature of education and job markets. Use it with empathy.

记住它

记忆技巧

PRA-TI (Practice) SPAR (Sparring) DHA (Daily) KARNA (To do) -> Practice sparring daily to do well in COMPETITION.

词源

Sanskrit

文化背景

Frequently used in cricket commentary, especially during high-stakes matches like India vs. Pakistan.

Used to describe the post-1991 liberalization era where Indian companies had to start competing globally.

Highly relevant in the context of entrance exams (JEE, NEET, UPSC) where millions compete for thousands of spots.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"क्या आपको लगता है कि बच्चों को कम उम्र में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना सिखाना चाहिए?"

"आपके क्षेत्र में किस कंपनी से सबसे ज्यादा प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी पड़ती है?"

"क्या आप किसी खेल में प्रतिस्पर्धा करना पसंद करते हैं?"

"आजकल नौकरी पाने के लिए कितनी प्रतिस्पर्धा करनी पड़ती है?"

"स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा और अंधी होड़ में क्या अंतर है?"

日记主题

Write about a time you had to compete for something important. (आपने कब किसी महत्वपूर्ण चीज़ के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा की?)

Do you think competing makes people better or worse? Why? (क्या प्रतिस्पर्धा लोगों को बेहतर बनाती है?)

Describe the competition in your current field of work or study. (अपने क्षेत्र की प्रतिस्पर्धा का वर्णन करें।)

How do you handle the stress of competing? (आप प्रतिस्पर्धा के तनाव को कैसे संभालते हैं?)

Write a short story about two friends who have to compete against each other.

常见问题

10 个问题

Both mean to compete. 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' is more formal and often used in academic, business, or official sports contexts. 'मुकाबला करना' is slightly more casual, very common in everyday speech, and can also mean 'to confront' or 'to face off'. You will hear 'मुकाबला' more in casual cricket commentary, while 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is used in formal news reports.

You should use 'से' (se), which translates to 'with' or 'from'. For example, 'राम से प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' (to compete with Ram). Do not translate 'compete against' literally as 'के खिलाफ'; 'से' is the natural and grammatically correct choice in Hindi.

The noun 'प्रतिस्पर्धा' is feminine. This is very important for past tense sentences using 'ने' (ne). Because it is a compound verb (noun + karna), the verb 'करना' must agree with the feminine noun when used transitively in the past perfective. Therefore, you must say 'उसने प्रतिस्पर्धा की' (He/She competed).

You can, but it sounds overly formal and a bit unnatural. For children playing a casual game, it is better to use simpler words like 'खेलना' (to play), 'रेस लगाना' (to race), or 'मुकाबला करना'. Save 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना' for serious tournaments, exams, or business rivalries.

The exact translation for 'healthy competition' is 'स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा' (svasth pratispardha). This is a very common phrase used in educational and corporate environments to encourage positive rivalry without toxic behavior. For example, 'छात्रों के बीच स्वस्थ प्रतिस्पर्धा होनी चाहिए' (There should be healthy competition among students).

'कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा' (kadi pratispardha) translates to 'tough competition' or 'stiff competition'. The adjective 'कड़ी' means hard, strict, or tough. You will often hear this phrase when discussing difficult entrance exams or crowded business markets. For example, 'इस नौकरी के लिए कड़ी प्रतिस्पर्धा है' (There is tough competition for this job).

To use it as a gerund, simply use the infinitive form 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना'. For example, 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करना अच्छा है' means 'Competing is good'. If you need to add a postposition after it, the infinitive changes to the oblique form 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करने'. For example, 'प्रतिस्पर्धा करने के लिए' (in order to compete).

Hindi often uses compound verbs, so there isn't a single-word verb that perfectly captures 'to compete' in the same formal way. However, in casual contexts, people might use 'लड़ना' (to fight/contest) or 'भिड़ना' (to clash), but these carry different, more aggressive nuances. 'मुकाबला करना' is the best common alternative.

The word for competitor is 'प्रतिस्पर्धी' (pratispardhi). It is derived from the same root. Another very common word for a rival or opponent is 'प्रतिद्वंद्वी' (pratidvandvi). For example, 'वह मेरा मुख्य प्रतिस्पर्धी है' (He is my main competitor).

The word itself is neutral. However, it can be used in a negative context if paired with words that imply toxic behavior, such as 'गलाकाट प्रतिस्पर्धा' (cut-throat competition) or 'अंधी प्रतिस्पर्धा' (blind competition/rat race). The context and adjectives determine whether the competition is viewed positively or negatively.

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