A0 Morphology 1 min read 简单

The Neutral Vowels (i, í, é)

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Neutral vowels 'i', 'í', and 'é' do not dictate harmony, meaning they allow the suffix to follow the preceding non-neutral vowel.

  • If a word contains only neutral vowels, use front-vowel suffixes (e.g., 'víz' -> 'vízben').
  • If a word has a mix, the last non-neutral vowel determines the harmony (e.g., 'papír' -> 'papírban').
  • Neutral vowels are 'invisible' to the harmony rule when they appear after a back vowel.
Word (Back Vowel + Neutral) + Back Suffix | Word (Front Vowel + Neutral) + Front Suffix

Suffix Harmony Table

Root Type Example Suffix Result
Back
ház
-ban
házban
Front
kert
-ben
kertben
Neutral (i)
víz
-ben
vízben
Neutral (í)
híd
-on
hídon
Neutral (é)
szék
-ben
székben
Mixed (Back+Neutral)
papír
-ban
papírban

Meanings

Neutral vowels are vowels that do not belong to the back or front vowel groups in a way that forces harmony, acting as placeholders.

1

Suffix Selection

Determining whether to use a back-vowel or front-vowel suffix.

“A házban (in the house)”

“A vízben (in the water)”

Reference Table

Reference table for The Neutral Vowels (i, í, é)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Root + Suffix
házban
Negative
Nem + Root + Suffix
nem házban
Question
Root + Suffix + -e?
házban-e?
Plural
Root + -k + Suffix
házakban
Possessive
Root + Poss + Suffix
házamban
Neutral-only
Root (i/í/é) + Front Suffix
vízben

正式程度

正式
A víz a pohárban van.

A víz a pohárban van. (General)

中性
A víz a pohárban van.

A víz a pohárban van. (General)

非正式
A víz a pohárban van.

A víz a pohárban van. (General)

俚语
A víz a pohárban van.

A víz a pohárban van. (General)

Vowel Harmony Map

Suffix Harmony

Back Vowels

  • a, o, u Back

Front Vowels

  • e, ö, ü Front

Neutral

  • i, í, é Transparent

按水平分级的例句

1

A vízben van.

It is in the water.

2

Ez egy híd.

This is a bridge.

3

A papír fehér.

The paper is white.

4

Kérem a vizet.

I would like the water.

1

A székben ülök.

I am sitting in the chair.

2

A hídon megyünk át.

We are crossing the bridge.

3

A papírban van a pénz.

The money is in the paper.

4

Ez a szín szép.

This color is beautiful.

1

A híres ember itt van.

The famous person is here.

2

A papírok az asztalon vannak.

The papers are on the table.

3

A vízben úszik a hal.

The fish is swimming in the water.

4

Ez a történet érdekes.

This story is interesting.

1

A híradóban mondták.

They said it on the news.

2

A papírgyárban dolgozik.

He works in the paper factory.

3

A vízszint emelkedik.

The water level is rising.

4

A szépítkezés fontos neki.

Grooming is important to her.

1

A híresztelések alaptalanok.

The rumors are groundless.

2

A papírmasé technikát használja.

He uses the papier-mâché technique.

3

A vízminőség ellenőrzése kötelező.

Water quality monitoring is mandatory.

4

A szépérzékét dicsérték.

They praised her aesthetic sense.

1

A hírlapírói stílus sajátos.

The journalistic style is peculiar.

2

A papírmunka elkerülhetetlen.

The paperwork is unavoidable.

3

A vízszintes vonalakat húzott.

He drew horizontal lines.

4

A szépelgés nem illik hozzá.

Affectation does not suit him.

容易混淆

The Neutral Vowels (i, í, é) 对比 Back vs Front

Learners mix up the groups.

The Neutral Vowels (i, í, é) 对比 Neutral Vowels

Learners treat 'i' as back.

The Neutral Vowels (i, í, é) 对比 Exceptions

Some words don't follow rules.

常见错误

vízban

vízben

Víz is a front-vowel word.

híd-ban

hídban

Suffixes must harmonize.

papíren

papírban

Papír is a back-vowel word.

szék-on

széken

Szék is a front-vowel word.

szín-ban

színben

Szín is front-vowel.

név-on

néven

Név is front-vowel.

hídon

hídon

Híd is an exception.

híres-on

híresen

Híres is front-vowel.

papírok-en

papírokban

Papír is back-vowel.

vízszint-on

vízszinten

Vízszint is front-vowel.

hírlapírói-ban

hírlapírói-ban

Hírlapírói is back-vowel.

szépelgés-on

szépelgésen

Szépelgés is front-vowel.

句型

A ___ ___ van.

Ez a ___ ___.

A ___ a ___ ___.

A ___ ___ ___.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Hol vagy?

Social Media very common

Ez szép!

Job Interview common

Itt dolgozom.

Travel common

Ez a híd?

Food Delivery common

Kérem a vizet.

Email common

Tisztelt Uram!

💡

Look left

Always look at the vowel before the neutral one.
⚠️

Don't guess

If you don't know, look it up.
🎯

Practice

Write 10 words daily.
💬

Listen

Listen to native speakers.

Smart Tips

Look at the vowel before it.

víz-ban vízben

Use front-vowel suffix.

híd-on hídon

Look at the last non-neutral vowel.

papír-en papírban

Check the dictionary.

szék-on széken

发音

i (short), í (long)

Vowel length

i/í and é have different lengths.

Statement

A vízben van. ↘

Falling intonation for statements.

记住它

记忆技巧

Neutral vowels are like ghosts; they don't block the view of the vowel behind them.

视觉联想

Imagine a line of people. The 'i' is a person wearing a clear cloak. You can see the person standing behind them clearly.

Rhyme

If the vowel is i, í, or é, look to the left to find your way.

Story

A little 'i' was walking down the street. It saw a big 'a' and decided to copy its style. But when it was alone, it felt cold and chose the front-vowel coat.

Word Web

vízhídszékpapírszínnév

挑战

Write 5 words with 'i' and add the '-ban/-ben' suffix to each.

文化笔记

Standard Hungarian is spoken here.

Regional variations exist but harmony is standard.

Harmony is strictly maintained.

Hungarian vowel harmony is a Uralic trait.

对话开场白

Hol van a víz?

Szereted a hidat?

Mi van a papírban?

A vízszint emelkedik?

日记主题

Write about your favorite place.
Describe a bridge you know.
Why is paper important?
Discuss water quality.

常见错误

Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct suffix.

A víz ___ van. (in)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ben
Víz is front-vowel.
Choose the correct form. 多项选择

A ház ___ van.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ban
Ház is back-vowel.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

A szék-on ülök.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: széken
Szék is front-vowel.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A vízben víz van.
Correct word order.
Translate to Hungarian. 翻译

The paper is in the box.

Answer starts with: A p...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A papír a dobozban van.
Doboz is back-vowel.
Match the word to its suffix. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -ben, -ban, -on
Correct harmony.
Conjugate the word. Conjugation Drill

szék + -ben

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: székben
Szék is front-vowel.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Hol a víz? B: A ___ van.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: pohárban
Pohár is back-vowel.

Score: /8

练习题

8 exercises
Fill in the correct suffix.

A víz ___ van. (in)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ben
Víz is front-vowel.
Choose the correct form. 多项选择

A ház ___ van.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ban
Ház is back-vowel.
Fix the error. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

A szék-on ülök.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: széken
Szék is front-vowel.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

van / víz / a / vízben

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A vízben víz van.
Correct word order.
Translate to Hungarian. 翻译

The paper is in the box.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: A papír a dobozban van.
Doboz is back-vowel.
Match the word to its suffix. Match Pairs

Match: víz, ház, híd

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -ben, -ban, -on
Correct harmony.
Conjugate the word. Conjugation Drill

szék + -ben

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: székben
Szék is front-vowel.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Hol a víz? B: A ___ van.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: pohárban
Pohár is back-vowel.

Score: /8

常见问题 (8)

They are 'i', 'í', and 'é'. They don't have a fixed harmony.

They help decide the suffix harmony.

It takes front-vowel suffixes.

Check the vowel list.

Yes, some words like 'híd' are exceptions.

Yes, it's essential.

It takes practice but is logical.

Write and speak daily.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Turkish high

Vowel harmony

Hungarian has more neutral vowels.

Finnish high

Vowel harmony

Finnish harmony is different.

German none

None

No vowel harmony.

Spanish none

None

No vowel harmony.

Japanese none

None

No vowel harmony.

Arabic none

None

No vowel harmony.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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