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A1 noun #3,312 最常用 10分钟阅读

食事

shokuji 前3,312

开始练习例句笔记与提示食事 30秒了解

解析食事 in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners should recognize '食事' (shokuji) as a basic noun for 'meal.' You will primarily use it in simple sentences with the verb 'suru' (to do/have). For example, 'Shokuji o shimasu' (I have a meal). At this stage, it is important to distinguish it from 'taberu' (to eat). While 'taberu' is the action, 'shokuji' is the event. You might see this word on signs in a Japanese city or in a textbook when learning about daily routines. Focus on the 'noun + suru' pattern and understand that it covers breakfast, lunch, and dinner. It's a 'safe' word to use in almost any situation because it is polite and clear.

For A2 learners, '食事' becomes more versatile as you start adding descriptors and time markers. You will learn to say 'shokuji no mae' (before the meal) or 'shokuji no ato' (after the meal). You'll also start using adjectives like 'oishii' (delicious) or 'hayai' (early/fast) to describe the meal. At this level, you should begin to understand the difference between 'shokuji' and 'gohan.' While you use 'gohan' with friends, you use 'shokuji' when talking to teachers or in a slightly more formal setting. You might also encounter compound words like 'shokujidai' (meal cost) in basic travel or shopping contexts.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '食事' in a variety of social and professional contexts. You will encounter it in health-related discussions, such as 'shokuji no baransu' (the balance of one's meals/diet). You'll also see it in more complex grammar structures, like 'shokuji o shinagara' (while having a meal) or 'shokuji o suru koto ga dekiru' (to be able to have a meal). This is the level where you start to notice the word's presence in media, news, and formal invitations. You should also be able to use it to describe the atmosphere of a dining experience, not just the food itself.

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B2 learners should understand the nuanced 'register' of '食事.' It is the standard term for 'dining' in business and formal writing. You will use it in compounds like 'shokujikai' (a dinner party/social gathering involving food) or 'shokuji-ryo' (amount of food intake). At this stage, you should be able to distinguish 'shokuji' from other similar terms like 'ryori' (cooking/cuisine) and 'shokuhin' (food products) in nuanced ways. For example, you would use 'shokuji' when discussing the social implications of communal dining in a sociological or cultural essay. Your use of the word should reflect an understanding of 'TPO' (Time, Place, Occasion).

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At the C1 level, '食事' is used with high precision. You will encounter it in academic texts, literature, and high-level business negotiations. You should understand its use in idiomatic expressions and its role in Japanese food culture (Shoku-iku). You might analyze how 'shokuji' is portrayed in literature to signify family bonds or social isolation. At this level, you should also be familiar with very formal honorific versions like 'o-shokuji' used in the hospitality industry (Keigo). You can discuss complex topics such as 'shokuji-seigen' (dietary restrictions) in a medical or legal context with ease, using appropriate particles and surrounding vocabulary.

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For C2 learners, '食事' is a tool for subtle expression. You understand the deep cultural weight the word carries, from the philosophy of 'Ichiju-Sansai' (one soup, three sides) to the modern challenges of 'ko-shoku' (eating alone). You can use 'shokuji' in philosophical or poetic contexts to describe the human condition or the passage of time. You are fully comfortable with the word in all registers, from the most humble to the most exalted forms of Keigo. You can critique the presentation of 'shokuji' in a five-star Michelin restaurant using technical culinary terms, and you understand the historical evolution of the word from its kanji roots to its modern usage.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

食事 30秒了解

Refers to a 'meal' or 'dining' as a structured event.
More formal than the common word 'gohan' (rice/meal).
Used with the verb 'suru' to mean 'to have a meal.'
Common in business, health, and hospitality contexts.

The Japanese word 食事 (しょくじ - shokuji) is a foundational noun that every learner must master early in their journey. At its core, it refers to a 'meal' or the 'act of dining.' While simple in definition, its application in Japanese society carries layers of formality, social ritual, and linguistic nuance that distinguish it from more informal terms like gohan. Understanding 食事 requires looking beyond the physical act of consuming nutrients; it encompasses the event, the preparation, and the communal experience of eating. In a culture where the preparation and presentation of food are elevated to an art form, 食事 serves as the umbrella term for these significant daily occurrences.

The Semantic Range: Unlike the English word 'food' (which is often tabemono), 食事 focuses on the structured event. It is the difference between 'eating an apple' (not usually called a shokuji) and 'having dinner with a client' (a definitive shokuji). It is frequently paired with the verb suru (to do) to create the verbal form shokuji o suru, meaning 'to have a meal.'

外で楽しい食事をしました。(Soto de tanoshii shokuji o shimashita.) - I had an enjoyable meal outside.

One of the most important distinctions for learners is the register. While gohan literally means 'cooked rice,' it is the most common way to say 'meal' in casual conversation. However, 食事 is the professional and polite standard. You will see it on restaurant signs, in business invitations, and in health-related contexts. For instance, a doctor will ask about your 食事 habits, not your gohan habits, because the former sounds more clinical and objective. It suggests a balanced intake of nutrition rather than just 'eating stuff.'

Kanji Breakdown: The first kanji, 食 (shoku), represents 'eating' or 'food.' You see it in taberu (to eat) and shokudo (cafeteria). The second kanji, 事 (ji/koto), means 'thing,' 'matter,' or 'event.' Together, they literally translate to 'the matter of eating,' which perfectly encapsulates the idea of a formal meal event.

健康のために規則正しい食事を心がけましょう。(Kenko no tame ni kisoku tadashii shokuji o kokoro-gakemasho.) - Let's aim for regular meals for the sake of our health.

In a modern context, 食事 is also used to describe the content of what is being eaten. Phrases like shokuji-ryo (amount of food consumed) or shokuji-seigen (dietary restrictions) are common in medical and fitness settings. It is a versatile word that bridges the gap between the physical food and the social protocol of dining. Whether you are reading a menu, talking to a nutritionist, or being invited to a wedding banquet, this word will be your primary tool for discussing the act of eating with dignity and clarity.

Using 食事 correctly involves understanding its role as a 'Suru-verb' noun. While it is a noun, adding o suru transforms it into the action of dining. This is the most common grammatical pattern you will encounter. It is important to note that 食事 is rarely used for snacks (oyatsu) or light nibbling; it implies a full, structured meal. When you want to describe the quality of the meal, adjectives usually precede the noun directly, such as oishii shokuji (delicious meal) or karui shokuji (light meal/snack-like meal).

Common Grammatical Patterns: 1. [Time] + に + 食事をする: 'To have a meal at [time].'
2. [Place] + で + 食事をする: 'To have a meal at [place].'
3. 食事 + の + 前/後: 'Before/After the meal.'

彼は食事の前に手を洗いました。(Kare wa shokuji no mae ni te o araimashita.) - He washed his hands before the meal.

Another sophisticated use of 食事 is as a prefix in compound words. For example, shokuji-dai refers to the cost of a meal, and shokuji-kai refers to a dinner party or luncheon. When you use 食事 in these contexts, it implies a level of organization. You wouldn't call a random late-night ramen run a shokuji-kai, but a planned gathering at a restaurant certainly is. This distinction is vital for navigating social invitations in Japan, where the choice of word signals the expected level of formality and preparation.

Polite vs. Casual usage: If you are speaking to a friend, you might say 'Gohan tabeta?' (Did you eat?). If you are speaking to a boss or someone you don't know well, 'Shokuji wa sumasaremashita ka?' (Have you finished your meal?) is much more appropriate. The word 食事 itself carries an inherent politeness that gohan lacks.

今夜、一緒に食事に行きませんか？(Konya, issho ni shokuji ni ikimasen ka?) - Would you like to go out for a meal together tonight?

Finally, consider the use of 食事 in the passive or potential forms. While you can say shokuji ga dekiru (can have a meal), it often refers to the availability of food at a venue. For instance, a hotel sign might say 'Shokuji ga dekimasu,' meaning 'Meals are served here.' This highlights the word's function as a service-oriented term. By mastering these patterns, you move from simply stating facts to participating in the social fabric of Japanese life, where the meal is a cornerstone of connection.

In Japan, you will encounter the word 食事 (shokuji) in a wide variety of environments, ranging from high-end hospitality to clinical health settings. It is perhaps most prominent in the service industry. When you enter a traditional Japanese inn (ryokan) or a hotel, the staff will frequently use 食事 to discuss your dining arrangements. They might ask, 'Shokuji no jikan wa nan-ji ni shimasu ka?' (What time would you like your meal?). Here, the word conveys a sense of service and hospitality that the more domestic gohan simply cannot match.

In the Professional World: In office culture, 食事 is the standard for discussing business lunches or dinners. A secretary might schedule a 'shokuji-kai' for executives. Using 食事 in these settings maintains a professional distance and respect. It frames the act of eating as a formal component of the business day rather than a casual break.

明日の食事会の場所はどこですか？(Ashita no shokujikai no basho wa doko desu ka?) - Where is the location for tomorrow's dinner party?

Public announcements and media also favor 食事. On a train or plane, an announcement regarding the food service will almost always use this term. Similarly, in health and fitness magazines, you will see headlines like 'Shokuji no baransu o kangaeru' (Thinking about the balance of your meals). It is the 'official' word for nutrition and consumption. In schools, while children might use kyushoku for their specific school lunch, the general education about healthy eating habits is referred to as shokuji-iku (food education).

Medical and Administrative Contexts: In hospitals, your 'meal plan' is your shokuji-naiyo. If you are filling out a medical questionnaire, it will ask about your shokuji-seikatsu (eating lifestyle). The word is preferred here because it is precise and lacks the emotional or 'homey' connotations of other words, making it suitable for scientific or administrative use.

病院の食事は薄味でした。(Byoin no shokuji wa usu-aji deshita.) - The hospital meals were lightly seasoned.

Even in literature and high-quality journalism, 食事 is used to describe the atmosphere of a scene. A writer might describe a 'shizuka na shokuji' (a quiet meal) to evoke a specific mood. By noticing where you hear 食事, you begin to see the invisible lines of Japanese social hierarchy and the importance of situational appropriateness (TPO - Time, Place, Occasion).

While 食事 (shokuji) is a versatile word, English speakers often make the mistake of using it in contexts where it feels too heavy or formal. One of the most common errors is using 食事 when talking about a quick snack or a casual bite with close friends. If you say to a best friend, 'Shokuji o shimashou!' it might sound like you are inviting them to a formal three-course dinner rather than just grabbing a burger. In these instances, gohan or even taberu (as a verb) is much more natural.

Mistake 1: Confusing 'Food' and 'Meal': Learners often use 食事 to mean 'food' in a general sense. For example, saying 'I like Japanese shokuji' (Nihon no shokuji ga suki) is grammatically okay but sounds a bit like you like the 'act of dining in Japan.' If you mean you like the food itself, Nihon-ryori (Japanese cuisine) or Nihon no tabemono (Japanese food) is better.

❌ 私はこの食事が好きです。(I like this meal - sounds unnatural if referring to a specific dish).
✅ 私はこの料理が好きです。(I like this dish/cuisine).

Another frequent mistake involves the particle usage. Because 食事 is a noun, you cannot use it directly as a verb without suru. You cannot say 'Shokuji-masu'; you must say shokuji o shimasu. Additionally, learners sometimes forget the difference between 食事 and ryori. Ryori refers to the cooking or the specific dish, while 食事 refers to the event of eating it. If you compliment someone's cooking by saying 'Kono shokuji wa oishii desu,' you are complimenting the whole meal experience, which is nice, but 'Kono ryori wa oishii desu' specifically praises the chef's skill.

Mistake 2: Overusing in Casual Settings: Using 食事 when you are at home with family can feel a bit stiff. It's like saying 'Shall we commence the dining ritual?' instead of 'Let's eat.' Stick to gohan or asa-meshi/hiru-meshi (casual) in these domestic environments.

❌ お母さん、食事はまだ？ (Mom, is the dining event ready yet? - Too formal).
✅ お母さん、ご飯はまだ？ (Mom, is dinner ready yet?).

Lastly, remember that 食事 is a 'count noun' in the sense of 'a meal,' but it's often used abstractly. Beginners sometimes struggle with the 'Shokuji-chu' (During a meal) construction. They might try to use 'Shokuji no aida,' which is grammatically correct but 'Shokuji-chu' is the idiomatic standard for signs or status updates. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Japanese sound more natural and situationally aware.

To truly master 食事 (shokuji), you must understand its relationship with its synonyms. The Japanese language has many ways to say 'meal' or 'food,' each with a specific nuance and register. Choosing the right one is key to sounding natural. The most common alternative is gohan, but there are also more specific terms like ryori, shokuhin, and meshi.

食事 vs. ご飯 (Gohan): 食事: Formal, objective, refers to the event. Used in business, medicine, and writing.
ご飯: Casual, warm, literally means 'rice' but used for any meal. Used with family and friends.

今日の食事は豪華ですね。(Today's meal is extravagant - Formal/Polite).
今日のご飯は美味しいね。(Today's food is yummy - Casual/Warm).

Another important distinction is ryori (料理). While 食事 is the act of eating the meal, ryori is the preparation or the specific cuisine. You 'make' ryori and you 'have' a shokuji. If you are at a restaurant, you might praise the ryori (the cooking) after the shokuji (the dining experience) is over. For industrial or scientific contexts, you might hear shokuhin (食品), which means 'foodstuffs' or 'food products.' You wouldn't say you are 'eating shokuhin' at a restaurant; that word is for grocery stores and factories.

Specific Meal Terms: Instead of a general 食事, you can be more specific:
1. 朝食 (Choshoku): Breakfast (Formal).
2. 昼食 (Chushoku): Lunch (Formal).
3. 夕食 (Yushoku): Dinner (Formal).
Contrast these with asa-gohan, hiru-gohan, and ban-gohan for daily use.

ホテルで朝食をとりました。(I had breakfast at the hotel - Formal/Standard).

Finally, consider kaiseki (懐石) or kyen (饗宴). These are highly specific types of formal meals (multi-course traditional and banquet, respectively). While all kaiseki are 食事, not all 食事 are kaiseki. Understanding these boundaries allows you to navigate Japanese menus and social invitations with the precision of a native speaker.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

In the past, 'shokuji' specifically referred to the two main meals of the day (morning and evening) before the concept of 'lunch' became widespread in Japan during the Edo period.

发音指南

UK /ˈʃɒkʊˌdʒiː/

US /ˈʃoʊkuːˌdʒi/

Japanese is a pitch-accent language. For 'shokuji', the accent is generally flat (Heiban), meaning the pitch stays relatively consistent throughout.

押韵词

Tokuji (Special mention) Rokuji (6 o'clock) Hokuji (Northern land) Kokuji (National characters) Mokuji (Table of contents) Gakuji (School affairs) Sokuji (Immediate) Chokuji (Imperial edict)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'u' too strongly: It should be almost a whisper (shok-ji).
Elongating the 'i' at the end: It is a short 'i', not 'jee'.
Stressing the first syllable like English: Japanese syllables have equal length.
Confusing 'shoku' with 'shoko': Keep the 'u' sound distinct even if quiet.
Ignoring the 'j' sound: It should be a soft 'j' as in 'judge'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

The kanji are common but require knowing the 'ji' reading for '事'.

写作 3/5

Writing '事' can be tricky for beginners due to the stroke order.

口语 1/5

Very easy to pronounce and use as a 'suru' verb.

听力 1/5

Very distinct sound, rarely confused with other words.

接下来学什么

前置知识

食べる (taberu) ご飯 (gohan) 水 (mizu) おいしい (oishii) レストラン (resutoran)

接下来学习

料理 (ryori) 朝食 (choshoku) 昼食 (chushoku) 夕食 (yushoku) 注文 (chumon)

高级

懐石 (kaiseki) 滋養 (jiyo - nourishment) 飽食 (hoshoku - satiety/gluttony) 供応 (kyo-o - entertainment/treating) 晩餐 (bansan - banquet/supper)

需要掌握的语法

Suru-Verbs

食事（を）する (To have a meal).

Noun + の + Mae/Ato

食事の前に (Before the meal).

Noun + 中 (chu)

食事中 (During the meal/While eating).

Polite 'O' prefix

お食事 (Polite way to say 'meal').

Noun + 代 (dai)

食事代 (Meal cost/fee).

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按水平分级的例句

食事をします。

I have a meal.

Simple noun + o + suru (verb).

これは私の食事です。

This is my meal.

Possessive marker 'no' used with 'watashi'.

食事はおいしいです。

The meal is delicious.

Adjective 'oishii' describing the noun.

どこで食事をしますか？

Where do you have a meal?

Question word 'doko' (where) with particle 'de'.

一緒に食事をしましょう。

Let's have a meal together.

Volitional form 'mashou' (let's).

食事の時間は12時です。

Meal time is 12 o'clock.

Noun 'jikan' (time) modified by 'shokuji no'.

食事の前に手を洗います。

I wash my hands before the meal.

'No mae ni' (before) following a noun.

安い食事を探しています。

I am looking for a cheap meal.

Adjective 'yasui' (cheap) modifying 'shokuji'.

昨日の食事はとても豪華でした。

Yesterday's meal was very extravagant.

Past tense of 'desu' (deshita) with an adverb 'totemo'.

食事の後でコーヒーを飲みます。

I drink coffee after the meal.

'No ato de' (after) following the noun.

母が食事を作ってくれました。

My mother made a meal for me.

Benefactive auxiliary 'te kureta' (did for me).

レストランでゆっくり食事をしました。

I had a meal slowly/leisurely at a restaurant.

Adverb 'yukkuri' (slowly) modifying the action.

食事の準備を手伝います。

I will help with the preparation of the meal.

Noun 'junbi' (preparation) modified by 'shokuji no'.

健康的な食事を心がけています。

I am trying to keep a healthy meal/diet in mind.

Verb 'kokoro-gakete iru' (to keep in mind/aim for).

食事代はいくらでしたか？

How much was the meal cost?

Compound noun 'shokuji-dai' (meal cost).

もう食事を済ませましたか？

Have you already finished your meal?

Verb 'sumaseru' (to finish/complete).

食事をしながら、将来について話しました。

While having a meal, we talked about the future.

Grammar pattern '~nagara' (while doing).

日本での食事は、見た目もとても美しいです。

Meals in Japan are also very beautiful in appearance.

Particle 'mo' (also/even) emphasizing appearance.

忙しくて、ゆっくり食事をする時間がありません。

I'm so busy that I don't have time to have a meal slowly.

Te-form for reason (isogashikute) and relative clause modifying 'jikan'.

このホテルは食事がおいしいことで有名です。

This hotel is famous for its delicious meals.

Pattern '~de yumei' (famous for).

食事のバランスに気をつけることが大切です。

It is important to be careful about the balance of your meals.

Nominalized clause 'koto ga taisetsu' (is important).

海外旅行に行くと、現地の食事が楽しみです。

When I go on an overseas trip, I look forward to the local meals.

Conditional 'to' (when/if) and 'tanoshimi' (looking forward to).

彼は食事中にテレビを見るのが好きではありません。

He doesn't like watching TV during a meal.

Compound 'shokuji-chu' (during a meal).

会議の後に軽い食事が出されました。

A light meal was served after the meeting.

Passive form 'dasareta' (was served/put out).

接待のための食事会を予約しておきました。

I have booked a dinner party for business entertainment in advance.

Grammar pattern '~te oku' (do in advance).

不規則な食事は、健康を害する恐れがあります。

Irregular meals may harm your health.

Pattern 'osore ga aru' (there is a fear/risk that).

伝統的な和食は、理想的な食事と言われています。

Traditional Japanese food is said to be an ideal meal.

Passive reporting 'to iwarete iru' (it is said that).

一人で食事をする「孤食」が社会問題になっています。

Eating alone, known as 'koshoku,' is becoming a social problem.

Quotation 'to' and 'ni natte iru' (is becoming).

食事の量は、年齢や活動量に合わせて調節すべきです。

The amount of food should be adjusted according to age and activity level.

Pattern '~ni awasete' (according to) and 'subeki' (should).

彼は食事のマナーが非常に洗練されています。

His meal manners are extremely sophisticated.

Adverb 'hijou ni' (extremely) and 'sanren sarete iru' (sophisticated).

アレルギーがあるため、食事のメニューには注意が必要です。

Because of allergies, caution is required regarding the meal menu.

Reason 'tame' and 'chui ga hitsuyo' (caution is necessary).

旅の醍醐味は、その土地ならではの食事を楽しむことです。

The real pleasure of traveling is enjoying the meals unique to that region.

Pattern '~naredewa no' (unique to).

食事制限を強いられる生活は、想像以上に過酷です。

A life forced with dietary restrictions is harsher than one might imagine.

Passive causative 'shiirareru' (to be forced).

食生活の欧米化に伴い、生活習慣病が増加しています。

With the Westernization of dietary habits, lifestyle-related diseases are increasing.

Pattern '~ni tomonai' (along with/as a result of).

彼女は食事の支度をしながら、静かに物思いに耽っていた。

While preparing the meal, she was quietly lost in thought.

Literary expression 'monoomoi ni fukeru' (be lost in thought).

その料亭では、五感で楽しむ食事が提供されます。

At that traditional restaurant, meals that can be enjoyed with all five senses are provided.

Conceptual phrase 'gokan de tanoshimu' (enjoy with five senses).

食事という行為は、単なる栄養摂取以上の意味を持っています。

The act of eating a meal holds more meaning than mere nutritional intake.

Abstract phrasing 'to iu koi' (the act called...).

震災後、温かい食事の提供が被災者の心を癒やしました。

After the earthquake, the provision of warm meals healed the hearts of the victims.

Subject 'teikyo' (provision) and verb 'iyasu' (to heal).

食事の合間に交わされる会話こそが、親睦を深める鍵です。

It is exactly the conversation exchanged between bites that is the key to deepening friendship.

Emphasis particle 'koso'.

厳格な菜食主義を貫く彼の食事は、非常に質素なものでした。

His meals, reflecting his strict adherence to vegetarianism, were extremely simple.

Verb 'tsuranuku' (to stick to/pierce through) and adjective 'shisso' (frugal/simple).

食事の作法一つをとっても、その人の育ちや品格が如実に表れる。

Even just taking one's dining manners, a person's upbringing and character are vividly revealed.

Pattern '~hitotsu o tottemo' (even taking just one...).

飽食の時代にあって、食事のありがたみを忘れてはならない。

In an era of gluttony and abundance, we must not forget the value/blessing of a meal.

Pattern '~ni atte' (in/at the time of).

茶の湯における食事は、主客の精神的な交流を目的としている。

Meals in the tea ceremony aim for the spiritual exchange between host and guest.

Formal particle 'oikeru' (in/at).

日々の食事を疎かにすることは、自らの命を軽んじることに等しい。

Neglecting daily meals is equivalent to making light of one's own life.

Pattern '~ni hitoshii' (equivalent to).

かつての日本では、食事は神への感謝を捧げる神聖な儀式であった。

In ancient Japan, meals were sacred rituals for offering gratitude to the gods.

Historical 'katsute' and noun-heavy formal structure.

食事の風景は、その時代の社会情勢や文化を映し出す鏡である。

The landscape of dining is a mirror that reflects the social conditions and culture of that era.

Metaphorical 'kagami' (mirror) structure.

美食を極めることは、必ずしも人生の豊かさに直結するわけではない。

Pursuing gourmet food to the extreme does not necessarily lead directly to a rich life.

Pattern 'wake de wa nai' (it doesn't mean that...).

生命の循環という観点から見れば、食事は他者の命を繋ぐ崇高な営みだ。

From the perspective of the cycle of life, eating is a sublime act of connecting the lives of others.

Pattern '~kanten kara mireba' (from the viewpoint of).

近义词

ご飯飯食料理膳

反义词

絶食断食

常见搭配

食事をする

食事を出す

食事の準備

食事のバランス

食事代

食事制限

食事会

食事中

規則正しい食事

軽い食事

常用短语

お食事

— Polite form of meal. Often used by restaurant staff.

お食事はお決まりですか？ (Have you decided on your meal?)

食事に行く

— To go out for a meal. A very common social invitation.

今度、食事に行きましょう。 (Let's go for a meal sometime.)

食事を済ませる

— To finish/complete a meal. Sounds more formal than 'tabe-owaru'.

先に食事を済ませておいてください。 (Please finish your meal ahead of time.)

食事の支度

— Preparing a meal. Similar to 'shokuji no junbi' but slightly more domestic/traditional.

母は台所で食事の支度をしている。 (Mother is in the kitchen preparing the meal.)

食事を取る

— To take/have a meal. Often used in clinical or formal contexts.

一日に三回食事を取る。 (To have meals three times a day.)

食事券

— A meal ticket or voucher.

食事券を二枚持っています。 (I have two meal tickets.)

食事時

— Mealtime. The period when people usually eat.

食事時に電話をしてすみません。 (Sorry for calling during mealtime.)

食事療法

— Diet therapy or a medically prescribed diet.

彼は食事療法を続けている。 (He is continuing his diet therapy.)

食事処

— A place to eat; an eatery. Often seen on signs.

近くにおいしい食事処があります。 (There is a delicious eatery nearby.)

食事抜き

— Skipping a meal.

今日は忙しくて食事抜きだった。 (I was busy today and skipped my meal.)

容易混淆的词

食事 vs 食べ物 (tabemono)

Tabemono means 'food' as a general substance. Shokuji is the 'meal' as an event.

食事 vs 料理 (ryori)

Ryori is 'cooking' or 'cuisine.' You cook ryori, but you have a shokuji.

食事 vs 食品 (shokuhin)

Shokuhin is 'food products' or 'foodstuffs,' used in stores or factories.

习语与表达

"食事の作法"

— Table manners. Specifically the rules and etiquette of dining.

子供に食事の作法を教える。

Standard

"食事を共にする"

— To share a meal. Implies building a relationship or friendship.

彼と食事を共にして仲良くなった。

Polite

"食事も喉を通らない"

— To be so worried or sad that one cannot even eat. Literally 'food doesn't pass the throat.'

心配で食事が喉を通らない。

Idiomatic

"食事は二の次"

— Meals are secondary. Used when someone is so focused on something else that they forget to eat.

今は仕事が忙しくて、食事は二の次だ。

Colloquial

"食事の恨みは恐ろしい"

— Grudges over food are terrible. A common saying about how people get very upset over stolen or ruined food.

私のケーキを食べたの？食事の恨みは恐ろしいよ！

Proverbial/Humorous

"食事を振る舞う"

— To treat someone to a meal or to serve a meal generously.

客に手料理の食事を振る舞った。

Polite

"食事を切り詰める"

— To cut back on food expenses or quantity to save money.

節約のために食事を切り詰める。

Standard

"食事の支度が整う"

— For the meal preparation to be completely ready. A formal way of saying dinner is served.

食事の支度が整いました。

Formal

"食事に誘う"

— To invite someone out for a meal. A key social phrase.

気になる人を食事に誘った。

Standard

"食事を楽しむ"

— To enjoy a meal. Not just the food, but the whole experience.

ゆっくりと食事を楽しんでください。

Polite

容易混淆

食事 vs ご飯 (gohan)

Both mean meal.

Gohan is casual/domestic. Shokuji is formal/general. Gohan also literally means 'rice'.

晩ご飯は何？ (What's for dinner? - Casual) vs 夕食の準備をする (Prepare for dinner - Formal).

食事 vs 朝食 (choshoku) vs 朝ご飯 (asa-gohan)

Both mean breakfast.

Choshoku is the formal term (Kango). Asa-gohan is the daily term (Wago).

ホテルの朝食 (Hotel breakfast) vs 毎日の朝ご飯 (Daily breakfast).

食事 vs 自炊 (jisui)

Related to meals.

Jisui specifically means cooking for oneself/at home. Shokuji is just the meal itself.

最近は自炊をしています。 (I've been cooking for myself lately.)

食事 vs 外食 (gaishoku)

Related to meals.

Gaishoku specifically means eating out at a restaurant.

今夜は外食にしましょう。 (Let's eat out tonight.)

食事 vs 給食 (kyushoku)

Related to meals.

Kyushoku is specifically a school or institutional lunch provided to everyone.

子供の頃、給食が楽しみだった。 (I looked forward to school lunch as a kid.)

句型

[Place] で食事をします。

レストランで食事をします。

食事の前に [Action]。

食事の前に手を洗います。

食事をしながら [Action]。

食事をしながら話をしました。

食事のバランスを [Verb]。

食事のバランスを考えます。

食事制限を [Verb]。

食事制限を守らなければなりません。

食事の作法が [Adjective]。

食事の作法が洗練されています。

おいしい食事ですね。

これは本当においしい食事ですね。

食事代を払う。

私が食事代を払います。

词族

名词

食 (Food)

事 (Matter)

和食 (Japanese food)

洋食 (Western food)

美食 (Gourmet food)

动词

食べる (To eat)

食す (To eat - formal/literary)

食事する (To have a meal)

形容词

食いしん坊 (Gluttonous/Foodie)

食べやすい (Easy to eat)

食べ応えのある (Satisfying to eat)

如何使用

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Japanese.

常见错误

Using 'shokuji' for a quick snack. → 間食 (kanshoku) or おやつ (oyatsu).
'Shokuji' implies a full, sit-down meal. Using it for a chocolate bar sounds strange.
Saying 'shokuji-masu'. → 食事をします (shokuji o shimasu).
'Shokuji' is a noun, not a verb stem. You must use 'suru' to make it an action.
Using 'shokuji' to mean 'the dish I cooked'. → 料理 (ryori).
If you want to say 'This dish is my favorite,' use 'ryori'. 'Shokuji' is the whole meal event.
Using 'shokuji' with your family at home. → ご飯 (gohan).
It sounds too formal. It's like calling your mom 'Madam' at the dinner table.
Confusing 'shokuji' with 'tabemono'. → 食べ物 (tabemono).
If you want to say 'I like Japanese food,' say 'Nihon no tabemono'. 'Nihon no shokuji' refers to the dining habits.

小贴士

Dining Event

Always remember that 'shokuji' refers to the event. If you are talking about the social aspect of eating, this is your word.

Business Standard

In a Japanese office, 'shokuji' is the only appropriate word for discussing lunch or dinner with clients or superiors.

The Particle 'O'

While 'shokuji suru' is okay, 'shokuji o suru' is more grammatically complete and safer for beginners to use.

Medical Context

If you are at a pharmacy or hospital, look for 'shokuji' on medicine packets. It often tells you to take medicine 'shokuji no ato' (after meals).

Avoid 'Meshi'

Unless you are a young man with close friends, avoid 'meshi'. Stick to 'gohan' for casual and 'shokuji' for formal.

Invitations

To sound like a pro, use 'shokuji ni sasou' (to invite for a meal) when describing your social plans.

Kanji Recognition

The kanji 食 is also in 'taberu'. If you see that character followed by 事, you know it's 'shokuji'.

Seasonal Focus

A 'shokuji' in Japan is often judged by how well it reflects the current season. Mentioning the season during a 'shokuji' is great small talk.

Ryokan Etiquette

In a Ryokan, the 'shokuji' is the highlight. Treat the word with the same respect you treat the food!

Compound Words

Learn compounds like 'shokujidai' (meal cost) to help you navigate bills and budgeting while traveling.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of SHOCKINGLY GOOD JELLY (SHOKU-JI). Imagine a meal where the main course is a giant, shocking piece of jelly.

视觉联想

Visualize a formal dining table with a silver platter. On the platter is the kanji 食 (eat) and 事 (event).

Word Web

Restaurant Breakfast Lunch Dinner Health Manners Table Chopsticks

挑战

Try to use 'shokuji' instead of 'gohan' for one whole day when speaking politely. Notice how it changes the 'feel' of your sentences.

词源

The word is of Sino-Japanese origin (Kango). It was imported from Classical Chinese and has been used for centuries to denote the act of eating.

原始含义： The combination of 食 (to eat/food) and 事 (matter/thing/business) literally meant 'the business of eating.'

Japonic (Sino-Japanese vocabulary layer).

文化背景

Always use 'shokuji' when discussing someone's health or medical diet. Using 'gohan' can sound dismissive or overly casual in a serious context.

In English, we say 'let's eat' or 'have a meal.' 'Shokuji' is closer to 'dining' or 'having a meal' than just 'eating.'

The movie 'Tampopo' (The 'Noodle Western' about the quest for the perfect meal). The manga 'Shokugeki no Soma' (Food Wars). The traditional 'Kaiseki' dining experience.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At a Hotel/Ryokan

食事の時間はいつですか？
部屋で食事ができますか？
食事はバイキングですか？
朝の食事をお願いします。

Business/Formal Invitation

今度、食事でもいかがですか？
食事会に参加します。
食事の場所を予約しました。
素晴らしい食事をありがとうございました。

Medical/Health

食事制限がありますか？
バランスの良い食事をしてください。
食事の記録をつけてください。
食事の後に薬を飲みます。

Daily Routine

食事の準備をする。
外で食事をする。
食事を済ませる。
食事の前に手を洗う。

Travel/Sightseeing

おいしい食事処を探す。
食事付きのプラン。
地元の食事を楽しむ。
食事代を計算する。

对话开场白

"日本での食事で一番好きなものは何ですか？ (What is your favorite meal in Japan?)"

"今日、一緒に食事に行きませんか？ (Would you like to go for a meal together today?)"

"おすすめの食事処を知っていますか？ (Do you know any recommended eateries?)"

"普段、どんな食事を作りますか？ (What kind of meals do you usually make?)"

"食事の時に気をつけていることはありますか？ (Is there anything you are careful about during meals?)"

日记主题

今日食べた食事について詳しく書いてください。 (Write in detail about the meals you ate today.)

今までで一番思い出に残っている食事は何ですか？ (What is the most memorable meal you've had so far?)

理想的な食事とはどのようなものだと思いますか？ (What do you think an ideal meal is like?)

自分の国の食事と日本の食事の違いについて書いてください。 (Write about the differences between your country's meals and Japanese meals.)

食事のマナーについてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about meal manners?)

常见问题

10 个问题

Generally, no. 'Shokuji' implies a full, structured meal like breakfast, lunch, or dinner. For a snack, use 'oyatsu' or 'keishoku' (light meal).

It depends on the context. 'Taberu' is the verb 'to eat' (action). 'Shokuji suru' is 'to have a meal' (event). Use 'shokuji suru' to sound more formal or when referring to the whole experience of dining.

Use 'O-shokuji' if you are a host, a waiter, or if you want to be very polite and feminine. Avoid using it for your own meals in casual settings as it can sound too stiff.

Think of 'ryori' as the food on the plate (the cooking) and 'shokuji' as the time you spend eating it. You can say 'Kono ryori wa oishii' (This dish is delicious) but 'Shokuji o tanoshimu' (Enjoy the meal event).

Yes, but only by adding 'suru'. You cannot conjugate 'shokuji' itself. Example: 'Shokuji shimasu' or 'Shokuji o shimasu'.

You should say 'Issho ni shokuji ni ikimasen ka?' This is the standard polite way to invite someone.

It means 'currently having a meal.' You might see this on a sign on a desk or a shop door if someone is on their lunch break.

Yes, 'shokuji' is the standard term used by doctors and nurses to discuss nutrition, diets, and caloric intake.

A 'shokuji-kai' is a social gathering where people meet to eat together, such as a dinner party or a lunch meeting.

Yes, 'shokuji' is a general term that covers any of the three main meals of the day.

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