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A2 verb 中性 #2,500 最常用 3分钟阅读

輝く

kagayaku kagayaku
开始练习

Overview

The Japanese word '輝く' (kagayaku) is a versatile verb that encapsulates the act of shining, sparkling, or emitting/reflecting bright light. It's a common and beautiful word used in a variety of contexts, both literal and figurative.

**Literal Meanings:**

  • To shine brightly: This is the most direct meaning. It can describe the sun, stars, a lamp, or any object that emits its own light. For example, 「太陽が輝く」 (Taiyou ga kagayaku) means “The sun shines.”
  • To sparkle or glitter: When light reflects off a surface, creating a shimmering or twinkling effect, '輝く' is the perfect verb. Think of diamonds, water in the sun, or frost. For instance, 「ダイヤモンドが輝く」 (Daiyamondo ga kagayaku) means “Diamonds sparkle.”
  • To gleam or glint: This can refer to a sudden flash of light or a polished surface reflecting light. A well-maintained car or a sharp sword might '輝く'.

**Figurative Meanings:**

Beyond its literal sense, '輝く' is frequently used to describe intangible qualities and emotions:

  • To be brilliant or excellent: When someone excels in their field, performs exceptionally well, or has a remarkable talent, their abilities can be said to '輝く'. For example, 「彼の才能が輝く」 (Kare no sainou ga kagayaku) means “His talent shines.”
  • To be radiant or vibrant (of a person): A person with a bright personality, full of energy, or experiencing great happiness can be described as '輝く'. Their smile, eyes, or overall demeanor might '輝く'. 「彼女の笑顔が輝く」 (Kanojo no egao ga kagayaku) means “Her smile is radiant.”
  • To be glorious or splendid: This applies to events, achievements, or periods of time that are exceptionally successful, memorable, or admirable. A glorious victory or a splendid era could be described using '輝く'.
  • To stand out conspicuously: If something is exceptionally good or noticeable among others, it can be said to '輝く'.

**Grammatical Notes:**

'輝く' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. The subject itself is the source of the shining or sparkling. It is a godan verb (五段動詞), which follows regular conjugation patterns for Japanese verbs ending in -ku.

**Examples in Context:**

  • 星が夜空に輝く。(Hoshi ga yozora ni kagayaku.) - The stars shine in the night sky.
  • 汗を流して輝く。(Ase o nagashite kagayaku.) - To shine/glisten with sweat (often used figuratively to describe hard work).
  • 未来が輝く。(Mirai ga kagayaku.) - The future shines brightly.
  • 希望に輝く瞳。(Kibou ni kagayaku hitomi.) - Eyes sparkling with hope.

In summary, '輝く' is a rich and expressive word in Japanese, conveying not just physical light but also brilliance, radiance, and glory in a multitude of contexts.

例句

1

2

常见搭配

目を輝かす
肌が輝く
星が輝く
才能が輝く

容易混淆的词

輝く 对比 煌めく
Both mean 'to sparkle' or 'to glitter', but 輝く is more common and can also mean 'to shine brightly' in a general sense, while 煌めく often implies a more dazzling or brilliant sparkle.
輝く 对比 光る
Both mean 'to shine', but 光る is more general and can refer to any emission or reflection of light, whereas 輝く often implies a more intense, brilliant, or beautiful shine.

语法模式

〜が輝く (e.g., 星が輝く - The stars shine) 〜に輝く (e.g., 目に輝く - To shine in one's eyes) 〜と輝く (e.g., キラキラと輝く - To sparkle brightly)

如何使用

使用说明

When using '輝く' (kagayaku), it's important to consider the nuance you want to convey. As a verb, it directly translates to 'to shine,' 'to sparkle,' or 'to glitter.' It can be used for natural phenomena like the sun ('太陽が輝く' - taiyou ga kagayaku - the sun shines) or stars ('星が輝く' - hoshi ga kagayaku - stars twinkle). It's also appropriate for inanimate objects that reflect light, such as jewelry ('宝石が輝く' - houseki ga kagayaku - jewels sparkle) or polished metal. Beyond the literal, '輝く' is frequently used metaphorically to describe a person's brilliance or charisma ('彼の才能が輝く' - kare no sainou ga kagayaku - his talent shines) or a period of success and prosperity ('あの時代は輝いていた' - ano jidai wa kagayaite ita - that era was brilliant). It can also express a sense of vitality or vibrancy, for instance, a '輝く瞳' (kagayaku hitomi) refers to sparkling, lively eyes. The politeness level typically depends on the surrounding sentence structure and context, as '輝く' itself is a neutral verb. When expressing a desire for something to shine, '輝いてほしい' (kagayaite hoshii) can be used. It's a versatile word that can add depth and imagery to your Japanese expressions.

常见错误

A common mistake for learners is confusing '輝く (kagayaku)' with similar-sounding verbs or verbs related to light that have different nuances. For instance, '光る (hikaru)' also means to shine, but it often implies a more general emission of light, like a lightbulb, whereas '輝く (kagayaku)' suggests a more radiant, sparkling, or brilliant shine, often with a sense of beauty or impressiveness. Another pitfall is incorrectly conjugating the verb, especially with its '-ku' ending, leading to errors in different tenses or politeness levels. Additionally, learners might misuse it when a simpler verb for 'to be bright' or 'to glow' would be more appropriate, overlooking the specific connotation of 'sparkling' or 'radiant' that '輝く' carries.

小贴士

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Word breakdown

The word '輝く' (kagayaku) is composed of a single kanji '輝' (kagayaku) which means 'to shine' or 'to sparkle'. The 'く' (ku) is a grammatical ending for verbs.
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Common mistakes

A common mistake is confusing '輝く' (kagayaku) with '光る' (hikaru), which also means 'to shine'. While both relate to light, '輝く' often implies a more intense, brilliant, or sparkling kind of shine, whereas '光る' can be a more general term for emitting light, and can also be used for something that glows faintly or reflects light. Think of '輝く' as a dazzling brilliance and '光る' as a more general shining.
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Usage in context

'輝く' can be used for physical objects that shine brightly, like stars, jewels, or polished surfaces. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's eyes sparkling with joy, a person's talent shining through, or a future filled with promise. For example: * 星が輝く (Hoshi ga kagayaku): The stars shine. * 彼女の目が喜びに輝いた (Kanojo no me ga yorokobi ni kagayaita): Her eyes sparkled with joy. * 彼の才能が輝いている (Kare no sainō ga kagayaiteiru): His talent is shining through. * 輝く未来 (Kagayaku mirai): A brilliant future.

词源

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE). The root *kaga- is likely related to modern kage (影, "light, shadow") and kagaribi (篝火, "bonfire, fishing fire"). The -yaku suffix is an ancient verbalizing suffix indicating a state or process of becoming. Thus, *kaga-yaku literally meant "to become light" or "to be in a state of brightness."

文化背景

The word '輝く' (kagayaku) in Japanese evokes a strong sense of beauty, brilliance, and positive energy. It's often used to describe things that are literally shining, like stars, jewels, or polished surfaces, but its meaning extends far beyond the literal. Culturally, '輝く' can symbolize hope, aspiration, and inner radiance. For example, a person's '輝く笑顔' (kagayaku egao) refers to a radiant smile that brightens a room, suggesting not just physical brightness but also happiness and warmth. It's frequently used in poetry, songs, and literature to convey feelings of inspiration, triumph, and the fleeting beauty of moments. The act of something 'kagayaku' can also be associated with success, achievement, or reaching one's full potential, such as a '輝く未来' (kagayaku mirai) meaning a bright future. Furthermore, in traditional Japanese aesthetics, the concept of 'mono no aware' (the pathos of things) sometimes intertwines with 'kagayaku,' recognizing the transient yet beautiful nature of things that shine brightly before fading.

记忆技巧

Visualize a bright, glittering kagayaku star shining brilliantly in the night sky. Associate the 'kaga' sound with 'bright' or 'shining' and imagine the star 'yaku' (yakitori, but thinking of something that is grilled and glowing) with intense light.

常见问题

4 个问题
'輝く' (kagayaku) is a Japanese verb that means 'to shine,' 'to sparkle,' 'to glitter,' or 'to gleam.' It describes the act of emitting or reflecting bright light, often in a dazzling or brilliant way. This word can be used to describe both literal light sources, like the sun, stars, or jewels, as well as more abstract concepts, such as a person's eyes shining with joy, or a brilliant performance. It conveys a sense of vibrancy and luminosity, often implying beauty or exceptional quality. When something 'kagayaku,' it stands out with its brightness.
Yes, '輝く' can absolutely be used metaphorically in various contexts. Beyond its literal meaning of emitting light, it can describe a person's radiant smile, eyes sparkling with determination, or a performer's shining moment on stage. It can also refer to an outstanding achievement or a brilliant idea that 'shines' above others. For example, one might say someone's talent 'kagayaku' (shines) in their field. The metaphorical use of '輝く' adds depth and evocative imagery, highlighting exceptional qualities or moments of brilliance that stand out vividly.
Certainly, here are a few examples of sentences using '輝く': 1. 星が夜空で美しく輝いている。(Hoshi ga yozora de utsukushiku kagayaite iru.) - The stars are shining beautifully in the night sky. 2. 彼女の目は喜びで輝いていた。(Kanojo no me wa yorokobi de kagayaite ita.) - Her eyes were sparkling with joy. 3. 磨かれた宝石が光を浴びて輝いた。(Migakareta houseki ga hikari o abite kagayaita.) - The polished jewel shone as it caught the light. 4. 彼の才能は舞台でひときわ輝いていた。(Kare no sainō wa butai de hitokiwa kagayaite ita.) - His talent shone exceptionally brightly on the stage. These examples illustrate both the literal and metaphorical uses of '輝く', showing its versatility.
Yes, there are several related Japanese words and concepts that share similar meanings or nuances with '輝く.' For instance, '光る' (hikaru) also means 'to shine' or 'to glitter,' but '輝く' often implies a more intense or brilliant shine. '煌めく' (kirameku) is another word that means 'to sparkle' or 'to glint,' often used for small, intermittent flashes of light. '眩しい' (mabushii) describes something 'dazzling' or 'blindingly bright,' often causing one to squint. Conceptually, '栄光' (eikō - glory) or '華やかさ' (hanayakasa - splendor, glamour) can also be associated with the idea of '輝く,' as they often involve a sense of brilliance and prominence. Each of these words carries its own specific nuance regarding light and brilliance.

自我测试

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星が夜空で明るく___。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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彼女の笑顔はいつも周りを___。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
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ダイヤモンドは光を反射して美しく___。

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

得分： /3

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