A1 Collocation 正式 1分钟阅读

식사하다

siksahada

To have a meal

开始练习

Phrase in 30 Seconds

Use '식사하다' to politely say 'to eat a meal' in professional or respectful settings.

  • Means: To consume a meal (formal version of '밥 먹다').
  • Used in: Business meetings, talking to elders, or polite service interactions.
  • Don't confuse: '식사하다' is a verb; '식사' is the noun 'meal'.
Polite bow + Dining table = 식사하다

适合你水平的解释：

This is a polite way to say 'eat'. Use it when you talk to teachers or new people.
It is a formal verb for 'to have a meal'. It is more respectful than '밥 먹다' and is used in professional or polite social situations.
As a Sino-Korean collocation, '식사하다' functions as the formal register counterpart to the native '밥 먹다'. It is essential for navigating Korean social hierarchies and professional dining etiquette.
The term '식사하다' exemplifies the Korean linguistic tendency to use Sino-Korean vocabulary for formal registers. It is the standard choice for business correspondence and respectful address, signaling the speaker's awareness of social distance.
Linguistically, '식사하다' demonstrates the integration of Sino-Korean morphology into daily verbal communication. Its usage is governed by the 'honorific system', where the verb root '식사' is often paired with the honorific suffix '-시-' to denote respect for the subject, reflecting the deeply embedded Confucian social structure.
The usage of '식사하다' provides a window into the Korean sociolinguistic landscape, where lexical choice is strictly dictated by the relative status of interlocutors. By opting for this Sino-Korean construction over the native '밥 먹다', the speaker performs a 'politeness strategy' that minimizes face-threatening acts, essential for maintaining harmony in formal discourse.

意思

To eat a meal, often used in a slightly more formal context.

🌍

文化背景

Asking 'Did you eat?' is a sign of affection. Language must reflect age and status.

🎯

Honorifics

Always add '-시-' when talking about someone else's meal.

🎯

Honorifics

Always add '-시-' when talking about someone else's meal.

自我测试

Which sentence is appropriate for a boss?

A) 밥 먹었어? B) 식사하셨어요?

✓ 正确！ ✗ 不太对。 正确答案： B

B is the formal honorific form.

🎉 得分： /1

练习题库

2 练习
选择正确答案 Fill Blank

✓ 正确！ ✗ 不太对。 正确答案：
Which sentence is appropriate for a boss? Choose A1

A) 밥 먹었어? B) 식사하셨어요?

✓ 正确！ ✗ 不太对。 正确答案： B

B is the formal honorific form.

🎉 得分： /2

常见问题

1 个问题

Yes, it is the perfect verb for a teacher.

相关表达

🔗

식사하시다

specialized form

Honorific form of to eat

🔗

밥 먹다

contrast

To eat (informal)

🔗

식사 중

builds on

In the middle of a meal

在哪里用

🤝

Meeting a client

You: 오늘 점심 식사하셨습니까?

formal
🍽️

At a restaurant

Server: 식사 맛있게 하셨나요?

formal

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Sick-sa' (식사) as 'Sick' people need 'sa' (some) food to get better.

视觉联想

Imagine a formal banquet table with white tablecloths. Everyone is sitting straight and using the word '식사하다' to show respect.

Story

Mr. Kim is a boss. He meets his employee. He says, 'Did you eat?' but uses the formal '식사하셨어요?' to show he is a kind leader. The employee feels respected and smiles.

In Other Languages

Similar to 'Diner' in French or 'Speisen' in German, which are formal versions of 'eat'.

Word Web

밥먹다점심저녁식당예절초대

挑战

Use '식사하셨어요?' as a greeting to a Korean speaker today.

Review in 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, and 1 month.

发音

重音 Flat

The 's' sound is tense.

正式程度

正式
식사하셨습니까?

식사하셨습니까? (Asking about a meal)

中性
식사했어요?

식사했어요? (Asking about a meal)

非正式
밥 먹었어?

밥 먹었어? (Asking about a meal)

俚语
밥 먹음?

밥 먹음? (Asking about a meal)

Derived from the Sino-Korean characters 食 (food) and 事 (affair).

Joseon Dynasty:

趣味小知识

The character 食 is also used in '음식' (food).

文化笔记

Asking 'Did you eat?' is a sign of affection.

“식사하셨어요?”

Language must reflect age and status.

“Always use honorifics with elders.”

对话开场白

“

점심 식사하셨어요?

“

오늘 저녁에 같이 식사하실래요?

“

식사 예절에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?

常见错误

✗

친구랑 식사했어요.

✓

친구랑 밥 먹었어요.

wrong register
Using '식사하다' with a close friend sounds unnatural and distant.

L1 Interference

0 1

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Comer / Almorzar

Korean has a specific formal verb for 'eating' that Spanish lacks.

French moderate

Manger / Dîner

French uses different verbs for meals, whereas Korean uses one formal verb for all meals.

German Very Similar

Essen / Speisen

The usage of 'speisen' is much rarer in modern German than '식사하다' is in Korean.

Japanese Very Similar

食事する (Shokuji suru)

Usage is nearly identical in terms of formality and social context.

Arabic moderate

تناول الطعام (Tanawul al-ta'am)

Arabic uses a multi-word phrase rather than a single verb.

Spotted in the Real World

📺

(2015)

“식사하셨어요?”

A neighbor greeting another.

🎬

(2019)

“식사하셨습니까?”

Formal interaction.

📱

(2023)

“오늘도 맛있게 식사하세요!”

Post caption.

容易混淆

식사하다 对比 식사 vs 식사하다

Noun vs Verb

식사 is the meal; 식사하다 is the act of eating.

常见问题 (1)

Yes, it is the perfect verb for a teacher.

usage contexts

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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