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통제하다

B1 verb #4,500 最常用 7分钟阅读

통제하다

前4,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 통제하다 30秒了解

解析 통제하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '통제하다' (to control) is a bit difficult, but you can think of it like 'making rules' or 'stopping someone from going somewhere.' Imagine a big 'STOP' sign. When a teacher tells students not to run in the hallway, they are using a simple form of control. In A1, you might just learn the noun '통제' (control) in signs like '출입 통제' (No Entry). You don't need to use the full verb yet, but knowing that '통' and '제' mean 'rules' and 'limits' helps. Just remember: it's about keeping things in order so everyone is safe. For example, 'Traffic control' is a good way to remember it. The police use it to help cars go the right way.

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At the A2 level, you can start using '통제하다' for simple situations like rules at home or school. You might say, '엄마가 제 게임 시간을 통제해요' (Mom controls my game time). It’s a formal way to say someone is limiting what you do. You will also see this word on the news when roads are closed for a festival or because of snow. It’s good to recognize '통제' as a word for 'restriction.' You can use it when talking about your health, like '식사량을 통제해요' (I control how much I eat). It shows you are being responsible and following a plan. It's more formal than '안 해요' (I don't do it).

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As a B1 learner, you should use '통제하다' in more professional and academic contexts. This is the level where you discuss government policies or scientific experiments. For example, '정부는 물가를 통제하려고 노력합니다' (The government tries to control prices). You should also be able to use the passive form, '통제되다' (to be controlled). If a situation is 'out of control,' you say '통제가 안 돼요.' This word is very useful for describing self-discipline. Instead of just saying you are 'hardworking,' you can say you 'control your time' (시간을 통제하다). This sounds more sophisticated and precise in a job interview or a formal essay.

At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance between '통제하다' and its synonyms like '규제하다' (regulate) or '억제하다' (suppress). You will encounter this word in complex news articles about international relations (e.g., export controls) or sociology (e.g., social control). You should be able to discuss the ethics of control—for example, 'Is it right for the state to control the internet?' (국가가 인터넷을 통제하는 것이 옳은가?). You also need to use it in scientific contexts to describe 'controlled variables' (통제 변수). At this level, you are expected to use the word accurately in debates and written reports, showing you understand the systemic implications of the term.

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For C1 learners, '통제하다' becomes a tool for abstract analysis. You will use it to describe psychological theories, economic mechanisms, and philosophical concepts of power. You should be familiar with its use in literature and historical texts, where it might describe the 'total control' of an authoritarian regime. You can use it to discuss the 'illusion of control' (통제의 환상) in psychology. Your usage should reflect an understanding of how '통제' differs from '지배' (domination) or '관리' (management). You might write about how modern technology 'controls' human behavior through algorithms. Your vocabulary should include compound terms and idiomatic expressions involving '통제'.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '통제하다'. You can use it with perfect precision in any context, from a legal brief to a poetic description of the mind. You understand its historical etymology and how its usage has evolved in modern Korean discourse. You can distinguish between the 'hard control' of physical barriers and the 'soft control' of social norms. You might use it in high-level academic research to discuss 'structural control' in systems theory. You can also play with the word's connotations in creative writing, using it to evoke a sense of clinical coldness or absolute order. You are comfortable using it in any grammatical structure, including complex nominalizations.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

통제하다 30秒了解

통제하다 means 'to control' or 'to regulate' in a formal, systemic way, often used by authorities or in scientific and psychological contexts.
It differs from 'manage' (관리) by implying stricter limits and from 'adjust' (조절) by focusing on boundaries rather than fine-tuning.
Commonly used for traffic control, government policy, and emotional self-regulation, it appears frequently in news reports and academic papers.
The passive form '통제되다' (to be controlled/restricted) is essential for describing situations like road closures or restricted access areas.

The Korean verb 통제하다 (tongjehada) is a multifaceted term that primarily translates to "to control," "to regulate," or "to restrict." Rooted in the Hanja characters 統 (통 - to govern/unify) and 制 (제 - to limit/systematize), it carries a weight of authority and systemic organization. Unlike simple management, 통제하다 implies a deliberate effort to keep something within specific boundaries or to prevent it from spiraling out of order. It is most frequently encountered in contexts involving government policy, military operations, scientific experimentation, and psychological self-regulation.

Government and Authority: When a government restricts movement during a pandemic or limits the flow of information, they use 통제하다. It suggests a top-down exercise of power to maintain public order.
Scientific Research: In a laboratory setting, researchers must 통제하다 variables (변수). This means keeping certain factors constant to ensure the results of the experiment are valid and unbiased.
Emotional Regulation: On a personal level, it refers to the stoic ability to suppress or direct one's impulses and feelings. If someone is 'controlling' their anger, they are 감정을 통제하고 있다.

경찰은 사고 현장의 교통을 엄격히 통제하고 있습니다. (The police are strictly controlling the traffic at the accident scene.)

The nuance of this word is formal. While you might use '관리하다' (to manage) for a team or '조절하다' (to adjust) for a thermostat, you use 통제하다 when there is a clear boundary that must not be crossed. It is the language of laws, protocols, and discipline. In modern Korean society, you will see this word on signs during road construction (통행 통제 - traffic restriction) or in news reports about economic measures (물가 통제 - price control).

독재 정권은 언론을 통제하여 국민의 눈과 귀를 막았다. (The dictatorial regime controlled the media to block the eyes and ears of the people.)

실험의 정확성을 위해 외부 요인을 철저히 통제해야 합니다. (To ensure the accuracy of the experiment, external factors must be thoroughly controlled.)

Military Usage: The military uses '통제' for command and control. A '통제실' is a control room where operations are directed and monitored.

그는 자신의 욕망을 통제하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있다. (He is having difficulty controlling his desires.)

정부는 인플레이션을 막기 위해 통화를 통제하고 있다. (The government is controlling the currency to prevent inflation.)

Using 통제하다 correctly requires understanding its transitive nature. It always takes an object—the thing or person being controlled. The grammar pattern is typically [Noun]을/를 통제하다. Because it is a '하다' verb derived from a noun (통제), it is highly versatile in various tenses and formality levels.

Formal Declarative: In news or reports: "정부는 출입을 통제합니다." (The government controls access.) This uses the ~ㅂ니다 ending for maximum professional distance.
Passive Form: Often, you will see the passive form 통제되다 (to be controlled). For example: "도로가 통제되었습니다." (The road has been controlled/blocked.)

상황이 우리의 통제를 벗어났습니다. (The situation has gone out of our control.)

When describing personal habits, 통제하다 is used to show a high degree of discipline. It’s not just 'trying' to be healthy; it's 'controlling' one's diet with precision. In academic writing, it is used to describe how a system maintains equilibrium through feedback loops.

성공하기 위해서는 자신의 시간을 효율적으로 통제해야 합니다. (To succeed, you must control your time efficiently.)

그는 화가 나도 감정을 잘 통제하는 편이다. (He tends to control his emotions well even when he is angry.)

Compound Usage: You can combine it with auxiliary verbs like ~려고 노력하다 (try to): "지출을 통제하려고 노력 중이에요." (I am trying to control my spending.)

부모는 아이의 스마트폰 사용 시간을 통제할 필요가 있다. (Parents need to control their children's smartphone usage time.)

이 구역은 군사 기밀 지역이라 민간인의 출입을 통제합니다. (This area is a military secret zone, so civilian access is controlled.)

In South Korea, 통제하다 is a word that rings with the sound of public announcements and serious discussions. If you are living in Korea, you will most likely hear it in the following scenarios:

Public Transportation and Infrastructure: During the heavy rainy season (Jangma), the Han River parks are often flooded. You will hear on the news: "잠수교의 차량 통행이 통제되었습니다." (Vehicle traffic on Jamsu Bridge has been controlled/blocked.)
Workplace and IT: In a corporate setting, IT departments 'control' access to certain websites or internal data. "보안상의 이유로 외부 사이트 접속을 통제하고 있습니다." (For security reasons, access to external sites is being controlled.)

마라톤 대회로 인해 시내 주요 도로가 통제될 예정입니다. (Major downtown roads are scheduled to be controlled due to the marathon.)

You will also encounter this word in psychological contexts. Korean society values self-control (자기 통제). You might hear a life coach or a teacher say, "자신을 통제할 줄 아는 사람이 진정한 리더입니다." (A person who knows how to control themselves is a true leader.) This usage emphasizes the internal battle against one's own laziness or impulses.

그는 술을 마시면 행동을 통제하지 못한다. (He cannot control his behavior when he drinks.)

중앙 통제실에서 모든 시스템을 통제합니다. (The central control room controls all systems.)

News and Economy: Discussions about '자본 통제' (capital control) or '수출 통제' (export control) are common in economic segments of the nightly news.

정부는 부동산 시장의 과열을 막기 위해 대출을 통제하기 시작했다. (The government began to control loans to prevent the real estate market from overheating.)

이 약은 통증을 통제하는 데 매우 효과적입니다. (This medicine is very effective in controlling pain.)

While 통제하다 is a powerful word, learners often misuse it in place of simpler or more specific verbs. Understanding these distinctions will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise.

Overusing it for 'Manage' (관리하다): If you say you 'control' your employees using 통제하다, it sounds like you are a dictator. Use 관리하다 (to manage) for people and regular maintenance. 통제하다 implies strict restriction.
Confusing with 'Adjust' (조절하다): When you turn down the volume or adjust the brightness, use 조절하다. Using 통제하다 for a volume knob sounds like you are performing a military operation on your TV.

❌ 볼륨을 통제해 주세요. (Incorrect: Sounds like 'Impose restrictions on the volume')
✅ 볼륨을 조절해 주세요. (Correct: 'Please adjust the volume')

Another common error is failing to use the object markers 을/를. Since it is a transitive verb, the thing being controlled must be marked. Also, beginners often forget the difference between 통제하다 (active) and 통제되다 (passive). If a road is blocked, the road is not 'controlling' itself; it 'is being controlled.'

❌ 도로가 통제했다. (Incorrect: 'The road controlled [something]')
✅ 도로가 통제되었다. (Correct: 'The road was controlled/blocked')

❌ 그는 아이들을 통제한다. (Possible, but sounds very strict/harsh)
✅ 그는 아이들을 지도한다. (Better: 'He guides/leads the children')

In academic contexts, don't confuse 통제 변수 (control variable) with 독립 변수 (independent variable). A control variable is something you *keep the same* (통제하다), not something you change to see an effect.

연구자는 온도와 습도를 일정하게 통제했다. (The researcher controlled the temperature and humidity constantly.)

To truly master 통제하다, you must see how it sits within a family of similar Korean verbs. Each of these words has a specific 'flavor' of control.

조절하다 (To Adjust/Regulate): Use this for fine-tuning. Adjusting the volume, the speed, or the amount of sugar in a recipe. It’s about balance, not restriction.
규제하다 (To Regulate/Restrict by Law): This is specifically for legal or official rules. Governments '규제' industries to prevent monopolies. It’s more bureaucratic than '통제'.
억제하다 (To Suppress/Restrain): Use this when you are holding something back that wants to burst out. Suppressing a cough, an urge, or a riot. It’s about pushing down.
단속하다 (To Crack Down/Monitor): Often used for police monitoring illegal activities like drunk driving (음주 단속) or illegal parking. It implies checking for violations.

그는 자신의 감정을 통제하는 대신 억제하기만 했다. (Instead of controlling his emotions, he only suppressed them.)

In a business context, 관리하다 (to manage) is the most common alternative. While 통제 is about limits, 관리 is about growth and maintenance. A good manager 'manages' (관리) people so that they don't need to be 'controlled' (통제).

수출 규제가 강화되면서 기업들이 어려움을 겪고 있다. (As export regulations strengthen, companies are struggling.)

다이어트를 할 때는 식사량을 조절하는 것이 중요하다. (When dieting, it is important to adjust the amount of food you eat.)

Lastly, consider 지배하다 (to dominate). This is used for historical empires or one person having total power over another's will. It’s much stronger and often more negative than 통제하다.

공포가 그의 마음을 지배하기 시작했다. (Fear began to dominate his mind.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'Tongje' was part of the title for the 'Supreme Commander of the Naval Forces' in the Joseon Dynasty, famously held by Admiral Yi Sun-sin.

发音指南

UK tʰoŋ.dʑe.ɦa.da

US tʰoŋ.dʑe.ɦa.da

Stress is even across all syllables, as is typical in Korean phonology.

押韵词

경제하다 (gyeongjehada) 결제하다 (gyeoljehada) 절제하다 (jeoljehada) 설계하다 (seolgyehada) 연계하다 (yeongyehada) 면제하다 (myeonjehada) 전제하다 (jeonjehada) 해제하다 (haejehada)

常见错误

Pronouncing '통' like 'tongue' (it should be an 'o' sound).
Failure to aspirate the initial 't'.
Pronouncing '제' as 'zee' instead of 'je'.
Slurring '하다' into 'ada' in fast speech.
Making the 'ng' sound too weak.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Common in news and signs, easy to recognize once the Hanja context is understood.

写作 4/5

Requires understanding of transitivity and the distinction from '관리' or '조절'.

口语 4/5

Used in formal speeches or serious discussions; less common in casual banter.

听力 3/5

Frequently heard in public announcements (subway, news).

接下来学什么

前置知识

하다 (to do) 제한 (limit) 정부 (government) 길 (road) 마음 (mind/heart)

接下来学习

규제하다 (to regulate) 억제하다 (to suppress) 관리하다 (to manage) 조절하다 (to adjust) 지배하다 (to dominate)

高级

메커니즘 (mechanism) 변수 (variable) 피드백 (feedback) 권위주의 (authoritarianism) 자율성 (autonomy)

需要掌握的语法

Passive construction with ~되다

도로가 통제되었다. (The road was controlled/closed.)

Adverbial formation with ~히

철저히 통제하다. (To control thoroughly.)

Purpose with ~기 위해

질병을 통제하기 위해 노력한다. (Efforts are made to control the disease.)

Ability with ~ㄹ 수 있다/없다

이 상황은 통제할 수 없다. (This situation cannot be controlled.)

Noun modification with ~는/ㄴ

통제된 환경. (A controlled environment.)

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按水平分级的例句

경찰이 길을 통제해요.

The police control the road.

Present tense: 통제하다 -> 통제해요

여기는 출입 통제 구역입니다.

This is a restricted access area.

Noun form: 통제 (control/restriction)

선생님이 학생들을 통제해요.

The teacher controls the students.

Subject + Object + Verb

게임을 통제하세요.

Please control your gaming.

Imperative: ~세요

교통을 통제하고 있어요.

They are controlling the traffic.

Continuous: ~고 있다

이곳은 통제 구역이에요.

This place is a controlled area.

Polite ending: ~이에요

감정을 통제해요.

Control your emotions.

Simple object-verb sentence

돈을 통제해야 해요.

I must control my money.

Obligation: ~해야 하다

부모님은 내 외출을 통제하신다.

My parents control my going out.

Honorific: ~하신다

폭설 때문에 도로가 통제되었습니다.

The road was closed/controlled due to heavy snow.

Passive past: 통제되었습니다

건강을 위해 식단을 통제하고 있어요.

I am controlling my diet for my health.

Purpose: ~을 위해

군인들이 입구를 통제하고 있습니다.

Soldiers are controlling the entrance.

Formal continuous: ~고 있습니다

너무 많이 먹지 않게 통제하세요.

Control yourself so you don't eat too much.

Negative purpose: ~지 않게

그는 자기 시간을 잘 통제해요.

He controls his time well.

Adverbial use: 잘 (well)

화가 나도 행동을 통제해야 합니다.

Even if you are angry, you must control your behavior.

Concession: ~아/어도

이 약은 통증을 통제해 줍니다.

This medicine helps control the pain.

Benefactive: ~해 주다

정부는 인플레이션을 통제하기 위해 금리를 올렸다.

The government raised interest rates to control inflation.

Purpose: ~기 위해

실험 중에는 모든 변수를 통제해야 합니다.

During the experiment, all variables must be controlled.

Time: ~ 중에

그는 감정을 통제하는 데 익숙하지 않다.

He is not used to controlling his emotions.

Experience/Skill: ~는 데 익숙하다

상황이 우리의 통제를 벗어났습니다.

The situation has gone out of our control.

Noun phrase: 통제를 벗어나다

마약의 유통을 엄격히 통제해야 한다.

The distribution of drugs must be strictly controlled.

Adverb: 엄격히 (strictly)

컴퓨터 시스템이 중앙에서 통제됩니다.

The computer system is controlled from the center.

Passive present: 통제됩니다

아이들의 스마트폰 사용을 통제할 필요가 있다.

There is a need to control children's smartphone use.

Necessity: ~ㄹ 필요가 있다

그는 자신의 욕망을 통제하려고 노력했다.

He tried to control his desires.

Attempt: ~려고 노력하다

언론을 통제하는 것은 민주주의에 어긋난다.

Controlling the media goes against democracy.

Gerund subject: ~하는 것

수출 통제 조치로 인해 경제가 위축되었다.

The economy contracted due to export control measures.

Cause: ~로 인해

자신의 삶을 통제하고 있다는 느낌이 중요하다.

The feeling that you are controlling your life is important.

Appositive clause: ~는 느낌

기술의 발전이 인간을 통제하게 될까 봐 두렵다.

I am afraid that the development of technology will come to control humans.

Fear/Worry: ~ㄹ까 봐 두렵다

그 회사는 시장 가격을 통제하려다 적발되었다.

The company was caught trying to control market prices.

Interrupted action: ~하려다

효과적인 리더십은 구성원을 통제하는 것이 아니라 지원하는 것이다.

Effective leadership is not about controlling members but supporting them.

Contrast: ~가 아니라 ~이다

사회적 통제가 강해질수록 개인의 자유는 줄어든다.

As social control strengthens, individual freedom decreases.

Proportion: ~ㄹ수록

그는 공포심을 통제하며 임무를 수행했다.

He performed his mission while controlling his fear.

Simultaneous action: ~하며

전체주의 국가는 모든 사회 활동을 철저히 통제한다.

Totalitarian states thoroughly control all social activities.

Adverb: 철저히 (thoroughly)

인간의 뇌는 신체 기능을 무의식적으로 통제한다.

The human brain unconsciously controls bodily functions.

Adverb: 무의식적으로 (unconsciously)

자본의 흐름을 통제하기 위한 국제적 공조가 필요하다.

International cooperation is needed to control the flow of capital.

Attribute: ~기 위한

그는 권력에 대한 욕구를 통제하지 못해 파멸했다.

He was ruined because he could not control his desire for power.

Cause: ~지 못해 (shortened form of ~지 못해서)

알고리즘이 우리의 소비 습관을 은밀하게 통제하고 있다.

Algorithms are secretly controlling our consumption habits.

Adverb: 은밀하게 (secretly)

통제 변수를 설정하는 과정에서 오류가 발생했다.

An error occurred in the process of setting the control variables.

Noun phrase: 통제 변수 (control variable)

질병의 확산을 통제하기 위해 봉쇄 조치가 내려졌다.

Lockdown measures were imposed to control the spread of the disease.

Passive: 조치가 내려지다

그녀는 자신의 운명을 스스로 통제하겠다고 결심했다.

She decided that she would control her own destiny.

Quotation/Resolution: ~겠다고 결심하다

국가 통제 경제에서 시장 경제로의 전환은 고통스러운 과정이었다.

The transition from a state-controlled economy to a market economy was a painful process.

Compound noun: 국가 통제 경제

현대 철학은 이성이 감성을 통제해야 한다는 근대적 신념에 의문을 제기한다.

Modern philosophy questions the modern belief that reason should control emotion.

Noun clause: ~해야 한다는 신념

생태계의 균형을 인위적으로 통제하려는 시도는 종종 재앙을 초래한다.

Attempts to artificially control the balance of the ecosystem often lead to disaster.

Adverb: 인위적으로 (artificially)

그 소설가는 언어의 마술사로서 독자의 상상력을 교묘하게 통제한다.

As a magician of language, the novelist subtly controls the reader's imagination.

Adverb: 교묘하게 (subtly/cleverly)

빅데이터는 개인의 사생활을 통제하는 새로운 수단으로 부상했다.

Big data has emerged as a new means of controlling individual privacy.

As a means: ~는 수단으로

피실험자의 심리적 상태를 완벽하게 통제하는 것은 불가능에 가깝다.

Perfectly controlling the psychological state of subjects is close to impossible.

Closeness: ~에 가깝다

권력은 통제의 메커니즘을 통해 사회적 신체를 길들인다.

Power tames the social body through mechanisms of control.

Through: ~를 통해

그는 죽음마저도 자신의 의지로 통제하려 했던 비극적 영웅이었다.

He was a tragic hero who tried to control even death with his will.

Emphasis: ~마저도 (even)

近义词

조절하다 억제하다 관리하다 제어하다

反义词

방임하다 허용하다

常见搭配

감정을 통제하다

교통을 통제하다

변수를 통제하다

물가를 통제하다

출입을 통제하다

언론을 통제하다

식단을 통제하다

시스템을 통제하다

상황을 통제하다

인구를 통제하다

常用短语

통제가 안 되다

— To be out of control. Used when a person or situation cannot be managed.

아이들이 너무 시끄러워서 통제가 안 돼요.

통제 하에 있다

— To be under control. Used to indicate that a situation is being managed.

상황은 현재 경찰의 통제 하에 있습니다.

통제를 벗어나다

— To go out of control/beyond limits. Used when something escapes management.

불길이 통제를 벗어나 산으로 번졌다.

통제 구역

— Controlled area. A place where entry is restricted.

이곳은 허가 없이 들어올 수 없는 통제 구역입니다.

자기 통제

— Self-control. The ability to regulate one's own impulses.

자기 통제 능력이 성공의 열쇠입니다.

중앙 통제

— Central control. A system where everything is managed from one point.

이 건물은 중앙 통제 시스템으로 냉난방을 합니다.

통제 수단

— Means of control. A tool or method used to regulate something.

법은 사회적 질서를 유지하기 위한 통제 수단이다.

엄격한 통제

— Strict control. High level of regulation.

그 나라는 인터넷에 대해 엄격한 통제를 실시한다.

통제 불능

— Uncontrollable. A state where no control is possible.

비행기가 통제 불능 상태에 빠졌다.

통제 장치

— Control device/mechanism. A physical or abstract tool for regulation.

민주주의에는 권력 남용을 막는 통제 장치가 필요하다.

容易混淆的词

통제하다 vs 지배하다

Dominating or ruling over someone's will; much stronger and often more negative than '통제하다'.

통제하다 vs 관리하다

Managing or maintaining; '통제' is about limits, '관리' is about general oversight.

통제하다 vs 조절하다

Adjusting or tuning; '조절' is about balance, '통제' is about keeping within a boundary.

习语与表达

"고삐를 죄다"

— To tighten the reins. To increase control over someone or a situation.

정부는 부동산 시장의 고삐를 죄기 시작했다.

Metaphorical

"손안에 넣다"

— To have someone in the palm of one's hand. To have total control over someone.

그는 사장을 자신의 손안에 넣고 조종했다.

Informal

"쥐락펴락하다"

— To hold and open one's hand. To have someone or something completely under one's thumb.

그녀는 이사회를 마음대로 쥐락펴락한다.

Informal/Idiomatic

"목줄을 쥐다"

— To hold the leash. To have a fatal grip or absolute control over someone's weakness.

그는 경쟁사의 목줄을 쥐고 협박했다.

Strong/Negative

"입을 막다"

— To block the mouth. To control or suppress someone's speech/information.

돈으로 증인의 입을 막으려 했다.

Common

"발을 묶다"

— To tie the feet. To restrict someone's movement or prevent them from leaving.

폭설이 여행객들의 발을 묶었다.

Common

"가두어 두다"

— To keep locked up. To control someone by limiting their physical freedom.

그는 아내를 집에만 가두어 두려 했다.

Literally/Metaphorically

"좌지우지하다"

— To influence or control at will (lit. to move left and right).

여론이 정치적 결정을 좌지우지하고 있다.

Formal/Neutral

"눈을 가리다"

— To cover the eyes. To control what someone sees or knows by deception.

거짓 뉴스로 국민의 눈을 가리려 하지 마라.

Metaphorical

"줄을 당기다"

— To pull the strings. To control a situation or person from behind the scenes.

막후에서 누가 줄을 당기고 있는지 알아내야 한다.

Metaphorical

容易混淆

통제하다 vs 억제하다

Both involve stopping or limiting something.

억제하다 is specifically about 'suppressing' an urge or a growing trend that is already happening. 통제하다 is about the overall 'system of control'.

화가 나는 것을 억제했다 (Suppressed anger) vs. 감정을 통제했다 (Controlled emotions systematically).

통제하다 vs 규제하다

Both are formal and involve rules.

규제하다 is almost always legal or bureaucratic (rules/regulations). 통제하다 can be physical (blocking a road) or psychological (self-control).

정부가 기업을 규제하다 (Regulate companies) vs. 경찰이 도로를 통제하다 (Control the road).

통제하다 vs 제어하다

Both mean 'to control'.

제어하다 is more technical, often used for machines, devices, or biological processes. 통제하다 is more social, administrative, or psychological.

로봇을 제어하다 (Control a robot) vs. 인구를 통제하다 (Control the population).

통제하다 vs 단속하다

Both involve police or authority.

단속하다 is 'cracking down' or 'monitoring' for violations. 통제하다 is the act of directing or limiting the flow/behavior itself.

음주 운전을 단속하다 (Crack down on drunk driving) vs. 교통을 통제하다 (Direct/limit traffic flow).

통제하다 vs 제한하다

Both mean 'to limit'.

제한하다 focuses on the 'limit' or 'boundary' itself (quantity, time). 통제하다 focuses on the 'management' of that limit.

시간을 제한하다 (Limit time) vs. 출입을 통제하다 (Control/restrict entry).

句型

[Noun]을/를 통제해요.

술을 통제해요.

[Noun]이/가 통제되고 있어요.

도로가 통제되고 있어요.

[Noun]을/를 통제하기 위해 [Verb].

물가를 통제하기 위해 금리를 올렸어요.

[Noun]은/는 통제 불능 상태이다.

산불은 현재 통제 불능 상태이다.

[Noun]을/를 통제할 필요가 있다.

지출을 통제할 필요가 있다.

[Noun]에 대한 통제를 강화하다.

국경에 대한 통제를 강화하다.

[Noun]을/를 철저히 통제하다.

실험 변수를 철저히 통제하다.

[Noun]의 통제 메커니즘을 분석하다.

사회의 통제 메커니즘을 분석하다.

词族

名词

통제 (Control/Regulation)

통제력 (Power of control)

통제실 (Control room)

통제권 (Right of control)

통제사 (Historical: Naval Commander)

动词

통제되다 (To be controlled - Passive)

통제시키다 (To make someone control something)

形容词

통제적 (Controlling/Regulatory)

통제 가능하다 (Controllable)

통제 불가능하다 (Uncontrollable)

如何使用

frequency

High in news, academic writing, and professional settings. Moderate in daily conversation.

常见错误

Using '통제하다' for simple adjustments like volume. → 조절하다
You 'adjust' (조절) the volume, you don't 'impose systemic restrictions' (통제) on it.
Using '통제했다' when the subject is the road. → 통제되었다
The road doesn't control things; it is the thing that is controlled. Use the passive form.
Saying '사람을 통제하다' in a friendly management context. → 사람을 관리하다
'통제' sounds like you are treating people like machines or prisoners. '관리' is the correct professional term.
Confusing '통제' (control) with '규제' (regulation) in informal talk. → Both are formal, but '규제' is specifically for laws.
If you are talking about your own habits, '통제' is better. If talking about the law, '규제' is better.
Using '통제하다' without an object marker. → 감정을 통제하다
It is a transitive verb, so you must use 을/를 with the thing being controlled.

小贴士

Using the Passive Voice

Remember that '통제되다' is used when the subject is the thing being restricted. For example, '출입이 통제되다' (Entry is restricted). This is more common than saying 'Who' is doing the restricting in public signs.

Hanja Power

Knowing that '제' (制) means 'system' or 'limit' helps you understand other words like '제도' (system), '제한' (limit), and '절제' (moderation). This '제' always carries a sense of a boundary.

News Watching

If you watch Korean news, listen for '통제' whenever there is a natural disaster or a big event. It’s one of the most frequent words in reporting on public safety.

Interviews

Use '자기 통제력' (self-control) when asked about your strengths. It shows you are a disciplined person who can work under pressure without losing your cool.

Formal Writing

In academic papers, always use '통제' when discussing variables or state regulations. It is the standard term that provides the necessary professional tone.

Signage

When you see '통제' on a sign in Korea, it usually means you shouldn't go there. It's often accompanied by yellow tape or barriers.

Control vs. Suppress

Use '통제' for the act of managing the limits, and '억제' for the act of pushing something down. You '통제' your budget, but you '억제' the urge to buy a new phone.

Avoid Bossiness

Don't tell your friends '내가 너를 통제할게' (I will control you). It sounds very aggressive. Use '내가 도와줄게' (I will help you) or '내가 관리해 줄게' (I will manage it for you) instead.

The 'Tong' Rule

Think of 'Tong' as 'Total'. When you '통제', you want 'Total' order. This helps you remember that it's a strong, systemic word.

Crowd Control

If you play games like League of Legends in Korean, 'CC' is often discussed as '군중 제어' or related to '통제' effects that stop enemies from moving.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Tong' (통 - total) 'Je' (제 - jail). To control someone totally is like putting them in a jail of rules.

视觉联想

Imagine a police officer holding a 'STOP' sign at a busy intersection, directing every car exactly where to go.

Word Web

Government Police Emotions Variables Traffic Access Prices Self-discipline

挑战

Try to identify three things in your life you '통제하다' (e.g., your wake-up time, your budget, your coffee intake) and write them in a sentence.

词源

Derived from Sino-Korean Hanja characters. It entered the Korean language through classical Chinese influence.

原始含义： To govern and unify (統) and to create a system or limit (制).

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

文化背景

Be careful when using this word about people in a social setting; it can sound like you are being a 'control freak' or a dictator.

In English, 'control' can sound negative or bossy. In Korean, '통제하다' is often seen as a necessary function of a well-ordered society or a disciplined individual.

Admiral Yi Sun-sin (Samdo Sugun Tongjesa - Commander-in-Chief) George Orwell's '1984' (frequently discussed in Korea using the word '통제') Korean news reports on COVID-19 lockdowns (통제 조치)

在生活中练习

真实语境

Traffic and Road Safety

도로 통제 (Road closure)
교통을 통제하다 (Control traffic)
우회 도로 (Detour)
통행 금지 (No thoroughfare)

Scientific Research

통제 집단 (Control group)
변수 통제 (Variable control)
실험 조건 (Experimental conditions)
데이터 분석 (Data analysis)

Self-Improvement

자기 통제력 (Self-control power)
식단 통제 (Diet control)
시간 통제 (Time management/control)
의지력 (Willpower)

Public Policy

가격 통제 (Price control)
수출 통제 (Export control)
언론 통제 (Press control)
사회적 통제 (Social control)

IT and Security

접근 통제 (Access control)
중앙 통제실 (Central control room)
보안 통제 (Security control)
시스템 제어 (System control)

对话开场白

"요즘 정부가 부동산 시장을 너무 강하게 통제한다고 생각하세요? (Do you think the government is controlling the real estate market too strongly lately?)"

"자신의 감정을 통제하는 가장 좋은 방법은 무엇일까요? (What is the best way to control one's emotions?)"

"실험에서 변수를 통제하는 것이 왜 그렇게 중요한가요? (Why is controlling variables so important in an experiment?)"

"아이들의 인터넷 사용을 부모가 통제해야 한다고 보시나요? (Do you believe parents should control their children's internet usage?)"

"교통 통제 때문에 지각한 적이 있으신가요? (Have you ever been late because of traffic control?)"

日记主题

오늘 하루 동안 내가 스스로를 얼마나 잘 통제했는지 반성해 보자. (Reflect on how well I controlled myself today.)

미래 사회에서 인공지능이 인간을 통제하게 된다면 어떤 일이 벌어질까? (What would happen if AI comes to control humans in the future society?)

내가 가장 통제하기 힘든 욕구는 무엇이며, 그 이유는 무엇인가? (What is the desire I find hardest to control, and why?)

국가가 개인의 자유를 어디까지 통제할 수 있다고 생각하는가? (To what extent do you think the state can control individual freedom?)

성공한 사람들의 공통점 중 하나인 '자기 통제'에 대해 나의 생각을 써 보자. (Write your thoughts on 'self-control,' one of the common traits of successful people.)

常见问题

10 个问题

It is better to avoid it unless you are in a military or emergency context. Using '통제하다' for employees makes you sound like a dictator. Instead, use '관리하다' (manage) or '팀을 이끌다' (lead the team). '통제' implies a level of restriction that might be seen as negative in a modern corporate culture.

Not at all. In many contexts, it is positive or neutral. For example, '자기 통제' (self-control) is a highly respected trait. '교통 통제' (traffic control) is necessary for safety. It only sounds negative when it refers to the suppression of human rights, like '언론 통제' (media control).

They are often used interchangeably, but '제어하다' is more common for the technical mechanism (e.g., '리모컨으로 제어하다'), while '통제하다' might be used for the administrative control of a system (e.g., '시스템 사용을 통제하다'). Think of '제어' as 'steering' and '통제' as 'governing'.

You can say '통제 불능' (uncontrollable state) or '통제가 안 되다' (control is not working). For example, '상황이 통제 불능이에요' (The situation is out of control).

Yes, but usually in a collective or systemic sense. You don't '통제' a single pencil, but you can '통제' the supply of pencils in a country. You can also '통제' a road or a building's entrance.

Not necessarily. It can be achieved through laws, rules, software, or mental effort. However, it does imply the *authority* to enforce those limits, which might include force if necessary (like police at a riot).

The loanword '컨트롤' is used frequently in casual speech, gaming, and sports (e.g., '마인드 컨트롤', '볼 컨트롤'). '통제' is much more formal and serious. Use '통제' for news, papers, and professional reports.

You can say '식단을 통제하다' (control one's diet) or '식사량을 통제하다' (control the amount of food). It sounds very disciplined. '다이어트를 위해 식단을 철저히 통제하고 있어요' is a perfect B2-level sentence.

In an experiment, the '통제 변수' (control variable) is the factor that the researcher keeps constant to ensure that only the independent variable affects the outcome. It is a very common academic term.

Yes, '감정을 통제하다' is a very common and natural expression. It means to not let your emotions dictate your actions or to keep a 'poker face' in a difficult situation.

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