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B2 noun #5,500 最常用 11分钟阅读

이면

imeon 前5,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 이면 30秒了解

解析 이면 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '이면' (hidden side) yet. You will mostly use simpler words like '뒤' (back/behind) or '안' (inside). For example, you might say '책 뒤' (behind the book). However, you might see '이면지' (scrap paper) in an office or classroom. Just remember it means the 'back side' of the paper. Don't worry about the deep, metaphorical meanings like 'the hidden truth' until you reach higher levels. At this stage, focus on physical directions. If you hear '이면,' check if it's the grammar part '-(이)면' which means 'if.' For example, '사과면' (if it's an apple). The noun '이면' is much rarer at this level.

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At the A2 level, you might encounter '이면' in very specific contexts, like recycling paper ('이면지'). You are starting to learn Hanja-based words, and '면' (side/face) is a common one. You can think of '이면' as a more formal way to say 'the other side' of a flat object. You should still primarily use '뒷면' for physical things like the back of a photo or a postcard. If you are reading simple news headlines, you might see '이면' used to mean 'the side we didn't see.' Try to recognize it when it follows a noun + '의' (e.g., '그의 이면'), but don't feel pressured to use it in your own speaking yet.

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At the B1 level, you should start recognizing the metaphorical use of '이면.' This is the level where you move from describing physical things to discussing ideas and feelings. You will hear '이면' in documentaries or news reports about social issues. For example, 'the hidden side of a famous person' or 'the hidden side of a big city.' You should understand that it refers to something that is not obvious. You can start using it in your writing to sound more formal. Instead of saying '그 사람의 진짜 성격' (that person's real personality), you could say '그 사람의 이면' (the hidden side of that person) when discussing their public vs. private life. This adds a nice layer of sophistication to your Korean.

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At the B2 level, '이면' is a key vocabulary word for you. You are expected to discuss complex social, political, and cultural topics. '이면' allows you to analyze situations critically. You should use it to describe the 'underlying reality' of phenomena. For example, when discussing the economy, you might talk about the '이면' of rapid growth, such as wealth inequality. You should be comfortable using collocations like '이면을 파헤치다' (to uncover the hidden side) or '이면에 숨겨진' (hidden in the background). You should also be able to distinguish it clearly from '내면' (psychological inner self) and '뒷면' (physical back side). This word is essential for achieving a high score on the TOPIK II exam in both the reading and writing sections.

At the C1 level, you should use '이면' with precision and nuance. You understand that '이면' often carries a connotation of a 'darker' or 'more complex' truth that contradicts the surface appearance. You can use it in philosophical discussions about the duality of existence or in high-level political analysis regarding '이면 계약' (secret side-agreements). You should be able to appreciate how authors use '이면' to create irony or depth in literature. Your usage should be natural and integrated into complex sentence structures, such as '현상의 이면에 도사리고 있는 본질적인 문제' (the fundamental problem lurking behind the phenomenon). At this level, you are not just translating the word; you are using the concept to frame your arguments.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of '이면.' You can use it across all registers, from technical legal discussions about '이면 합의' (secret agreements) to poetic descriptions of the '이면' of human nature. You understand the historical and Hanja roots deeply and can perhaps even discuss related terms like '이면경' (a back-view mirror) or '이면각' (a dihedral angle in geometry) if necessary. You can use the word to critique media narratives, pointing out what is being 'hidden in the 이면' of a story. Your command of the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, using it to add layers of meaning and critical insight to your discourse on any subject, no matter how abstract or specialized.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

이면 30秒了解

이면 means the hidden side or back side of something, often used for abstract truths.
It is a B2 level Hanja-based noun (裏面) used in formal and analytical contexts.
Commonly used to describe the 'dark side' of success or 'behind-the-scenes' realities.
Do not confuse it with the grammar suffix '-(이)면' which means 'if' or 'when'.

The Korean noun 이면 (裏面) is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe the hidden side, the back side, or the underlying reality of a situation that is not immediately apparent to the casual observer. While it can literally refer to the reverse side of a physical object, like a piece of paper, its most frequent and powerful application is metaphorical. In contemporary Korean discourse, especially in journalism, literature, and social critique, it points to the complex truths, dark secrets, or structural realities that exist behind a polished or successful facade. Understanding this word is essential for moving from intermediate to advanced Korean proficiency, as it allows you to discuss nuance, irony, and the 'inner workings' of society, politics, and human psychology.

Literal Meaning: The back side or reverse surface of an object. For example, the blank side of a used document or the side of the moon that faces away from Earth.

이면지에 메모를 하세요. (Make a note on the back side of the paper.)

Metaphorical Meaning: The hidden reality, the 'behind-the-scenes' truth, or the unintended consequences of a phenomenon. This is often used when discussing the 'dark side' of something that appears positive on the surface.

화려한 성공의 이면에는 수많은 고통이 있었다. (Behind the hidden side of flashy success, there was much pain.)

Historically, this word is rooted in Hanja (Chinese characters). '裏' (리/이) means inside or back, and '面' (면) means face or side. Together, they create a concept of the 'inner face.' In modern Korea, you will hear this word constantly in investigative news programs like 'PD Notebook' or 'I Want to Know That,' where the host might say, 'We will now reveal the 이면 of this incident.' It implies a sense of depth and critical thinking. When you use this word, you are signaling that you are not just looking at the surface level, but are capable of analyzing the deeper, often more complicated, truth of a matter.

Common Contexts: Social issues, political scandals, psychological analysis, and artistic interpretation. It is also used in business to discuss the risks hidden behind a seemingly good deal.

그 계약의 이면을 잘 살펴봐야 한다. (You must carefully examine the hidden side/details of that contract.)

기술 발전의 이면에는 환경 파괴라는 부작용이 있다. (On the hidden side of technological progress, there is the side effect of environmental destruction.)

역사의 이면을 탐구하는 것은 흥미롭다. (Exploring the hidden side of history is interesting.)

Using 이면 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun and its common grammatical pairings. Because it refers to a 'side' or 'reality,' it is almost always modified by another noun using the possessive particle 의 (of) or by a descriptive clause. The most common structure is [Noun] + 의 이면. This translates to 'the hidden side of [Noun].' It is also frequently followed by particles like -에는 (in the...), -을 (objective), or -이 (subjective).

Structure: [Noun] + 의 이면: This is the standard way to attribute the 'hidden side' to a specific subject.
Example: '사건의 이면' (the hidden side of the incident).

그는 화려한 생활을 하지만, 그 이면에는 외로움이 가득하다. (He lives a flashy life, but behind that side/reality, it is full of loneliness.)

Another common usage involves the word 이면지 (裏面紙). This specifically refers to paper that has been used on one side and is being reused for the blank back side. This is a very practical, everyday use of the word. In an office setting, you might hear someone ask for '이면지' to jot down a quick note. This demonstrates the literal meaning of 'the back side' in a functional context.

Structure: [Verb/Adjective] + ㄴ/은/는 이면: Using a modifier to describe the nature of the hidden side.
Example: '숨겨진 이면' (the hidden side that is concealed).

우리는 겉모습만 보지 말고 이면에 숨겨진 진실을 찾아야 합니다. (We must not look only at appearances but find the truth hidden in the hidden side.)

In more advanced academic or journalistic writing, 이면 is often paired with verbs like 파헤치다 (to dig into/uncover), 드러나다 (to be revealed), or 직시하다 (to look squarely at). These combinations create a sense of investigative depth. For example, '사건의 이면을 파헤치다' means to dig deep into the hidden details of a case to find the truth that someone might be trying to hide.

Contrastive Use: Often used alongside '표면' (surface) or '겉' (outside) to create a contrast between appearance and reality.

표면적으로는 평화로워 보이지만, 이면에는 갈등이 깊다. (On the surface it looks peaceful, but in the hidden side, the conflict is deep.)

그의 행동 이면에 담긴 의도를 파악하기 어렵다. (It is difficult to grasp the intention contained in the hidden side of his actions.)

이 정책의 이면을 면밀히 검토해야 합니다. (We must closely examine the hidden side of this policy.)

While 이면 might not be the first word a beginner learns, it is ubiquitous in the daily lives of native speakers, particularly in media and professional environments. If you watch Korean news, you will hear it almost daily. News anchors use it to introduce segments that go beyond the headlines. For example, 'We look into the 이면 of the rising housing prices.' Here, it suggests that the reasons for the price hike are more complex than just supply and demand—perhaps involving speculation, government policy loopholes, or social trends.

In Investigative Journalism: Used to describe the 'truth' that powerful entities try to conceal. It carries a weight of 'uncovering' and 'exposing.'

이번 취재를 통해 사건의 충격적인 이면이 밝혀졌습니다. (Through this coverage, the shocking hidden side of the incident was revealed.)

In the world of Korean entertainment and 'K-culture,' the word is often used to discuss the grueling training systems or the personal struggles of idols. Fans and critics alike discuss the '화려한 무대 뒤의 이면' (the hidden side behind the flashy stage). This usage humanizes the stars and acknowledges the sacrifices made for their success. It's a key term in documentaries that aim to show the 'real' side of celebrity life.

In Literature and Essays: Authors use '이면' to explore the duality of human nature—how someone can be kind on the outside but harbor '이면' of darkness or sadness.

인간은 누구나 자신만의 이면을 가지고 살기 마련이다. (Every human is bound to live with their own hidden side.)

Another place you'll find this word is in the term 이면 계약 (裏面契約). This refers to a 'side contract' or a 'backdoor deal.' These are often illegal or unethical agreements made in secret to circumvent public regulations or taxes. Hearing this word in a legal or political context usually signals a scandal. It's a word that demands attention because it implies that the 'official' story is only half the truth.

In Psychology: Used to describe the subconscious or the hidden motives behind a person's behavior.

그의 공격적인 태도 이면에는 사실 두려움이 숨어 있었다. (In the hidden side of his aggressive attitude, fear was actually hiding.)

도시의 화려함 그 이면에는 소외된 사람들의 눈물이 있다. (Behind the city's splendor, on that hidden side, are the tears of the marginalized.)

동전의 이면처럼 모든 일에는 양면성이 있다. (Like the hidden side/reverse side of a coin, everything has two sides.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 이면 is confusing it with the conditional grammar suffix -(이)면, which means 'if' or 'when.' Because they sound and are spelled exactly the same in Hangeul, it can be confusing in spoken Korean or when reading quickly. However, the grammatical function is entirely different. The noun 이면 is usually preceded by a noun + 의 (e.g., 성공의 이면), whereas the suffix -(이)면 is attached directly to a noun to create a conditional clause (e.g., 학생이면 - 'if [you] are a student').

Mistake 1: Confusing Noun with Grammar: Incorrect: '성공이면 좋겠다' (interpreted as 'If it's success, it would be good') vs. Correct: '성공의 이면을 보라' (Look at the hidden side of success).

주말이면 영화를 봐요. (If/When it's the weekend, I watch movies.) [Grammar suffix]
신문의 이면에 광고가 있다. (There is an ad on the back side of the newspaper.) [Noun]

Another common error is using 이면 when 뒷면 (back side) or 뒤쪽 (back direction) is more appropriate. While 이면 can mean 'back side,' it is quite formal and often implies a deeper meaning. For simple physical directions or describing the back of a physical object like a shirt or a building, native speakers use 뒷면 or 뒤. Using 이면 in these cases can sound overly dramatic or academic.

Mistake 2: Overusing in Casual Physical Contexts: Awkward: '티셔츠의 이면에 구멍이 났어요.' (There's a hole in the 'hidden side' of the t-shirt.)
Natural: '티셔츠 뒷면에 구멍이 났어요.'

종이 뒷면에 이름을 쓰세요. (Write your name on the back of the paper.) [Natural]
종이 이면에 이름을 쓰세요. [Correct but very formal/specific, often implies reusing paper]

Learners also sometimes confuse 이면 with 내면 (inner side/inner self). While they are related, 내면 is almost exclusively used for a person's inner thoughts, feelings, or soul. 이면 is broader and is used for the hidden side of events, systems, or situations. You would talk about a person's '내면의 아름다움' (inner beauty), but the '사건의 이면' (hidden side of the incident).

Mistake 3: Confusing with '내면' (Inner Side): Use '내면' for personality and psychology. Use '이면' for facts and hidden realities of situations.

그녀는 내면이 강한 사람이다. (She is a person with a strong inner self.) [Psychological]
그 소문의 이면에는 오해가 있었다. (Behind the hidden side of that rumor, there was a misunderstanding.) [Situational]

동전의 뒷면을 확인하세요. (Check the back of the coin.) [Physical object]

화려한 광고의 이면을 조심해야 한다. (You must be careful of the hidden side of flashy advertisements.)

Korean has several words that mean 'back,' 'inside,' or 'hidden,' and choosing the right one depends on the context and the level of formality. 이면 is the most formal and abstract. Understanding its alternatives will help you refine your expression and understand the nuances of native speech.

이면 vs. 뒷면 (Dwin-myeon): '뒷면' is the literal, physical back side of an object. Use it for paper, cards, or clothing. '이면' is for abstract hidden realities or formal physical contexts (like '이면지').

카드의 뒷면에 서명하세요. (Sign on the back of the card.)

이면 vs. 속 (Sok): '속' is a native Korean word meaning 'inside.' It is very common and less formal. You can talk about the '속사정' (inner circumstances), which is a common synonym for '이면' in casual conversation.

그 일의 속사정은 아무도 모른다. (Nobody knows the inner circumstances/hidden details of that matter.)

이면 vs. 내면 (Nae-myeon): '내면' refers to the psychological 'inner world' or 'soul' of a human being. '이면' refers to the 'hidden side' of a situation, event, or object.

그는 내면이 아름다운 사람이다. (He is a person with a beautiful inner self.)

Alternative: 배후 (Bae-hu): This word specifically means 'the person or force behind the scenes' controlling things. It's often used in political or criminal contexts (e.g., '배후 세력' - the forces behind the scenes).

그 사건의 배후가 누구인지 밝혀야 한다. (We must reveal who is behind that incident.)

When choosing between these, ask yourself: Am I talking about a physical back (뒷면), a person's feelings (내면), or the hidden truth of a situation (이면)? If you are analyzing a news story or a complex problem, 이면 is almost always the best choice to show your depth of understanding.

성장의 이면에 가려진 어두운 그림자. (The dark shadow hidden behind the side of growth.)

진실은 항상 이면에 숨어 있다. (The truth is always hiding in the hidden side.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

While '이면' sounds like it could be a native Korean word, its Hanja roots are shared with Japanese 'rimen' (裏面) and Chinese 'lǐmiàn' (裏面), all carrying very similar meanings of 'the back' or 'hidden side'.

发音指南

UK /i.mjʌn/

US /i.mjʌn/

In Korean, syllables generally have equal weight, but a slight emphasis can be placed on the first syllable 'i'.

押韵词

지면 (surface/page) 내면 (inner side) 외면 (outer side/ignoring) 정면 (front) 측면 (side) 반면 (on the other hand) 단면 (cross section) 화면 (screen)

常见错误

Pronouncing it like 'im-yun' (merging the syllables).
Confusion with the conditional '-(i)myeon' in rapid speech.
Over-nasalizing the 'm' sound.
Making the 'i' sound too long like 'eee-myeon'.
Dropping the final 'n' sound.

难度评级

阅读 4/5

Common in news and literature, but requires understanding Hanja context.

写作 4/5

Requires correct collocation with verbs like '파헤치다' or '드러내다'.

口语 3/5

Used in intellectual conversations; '뒷면' is used for simple physical things.

听力 4/5

Must distinguish from the grammar suffix '-(i)myeon' in fast speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

뒤 (back) 안 (inside) 겉 (outside) 면 (face/side) 의 (possessive particle)

接下来学习

내면 (inner side) 외면 (outer side/ignore) 표면 (surface) 배후 (behind the scenes)

高级

이면지 (scrap paper) 이면계약 (side contract) 양면성 (two-sidedness) 모순 (contradiction)

需要掌握的语法

Possessive Particle '의'

성공의 이면 (The hidden side of success)

Noun Modifying Form '-ㄴ/은/는'

숨겨진 이면 (The hidden 'hidden side')

Location Particle '-에/에는'

이면에는 진실이 있다 (In the hidden side, there is truth)

Object Particle '-을/를'

이면을 파헤치다 (To uncover the hidden side)

Conditional '-(이)면' (Homonym)

학생이면 공부를 해야지 (If you are a student, you should study)

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按水平分级的例句

이면지에 그림을 그려요.

I draw on the back side of the paper.

이면지 (scrap paper) is a common compound noun.

이것은 종이의 이면입니다.

This is the back side of the paper.

Noun + 이다 (to be).

이면을 보세요.

Look at the back side.

Imperative form -세요.

이면이 깨끗해요.

The back side is clean.

Subject particle -이.

이면에 써요.

Write on the back side.

Location particle -에.

이면지함이 어디예요?

Where is the scrap paper box?

Compound noun 이면지함 (scrap paper box).

이면을 사용해요.

I use the back side.

Object particle -을.

이면이 없어요.

There is no back side (it's double-sided).

Existence verb 없다.

동전의 이면을 보세요.

Look at the other side of the coin.

Possessive 의.

이면지를 모으고 있어요.

I am collecting scrap paper.

Present progressive -고 있다.

이면에 메모가 있어요.

There is a memo on the back side.

Location particle -에.

이면을 확인해 보세요.

Try checking the back side.

Auxiliary verb -아/어 보다 (try doing).

이면이 더러워요.

The back side is dirty.

Adjective conjugation.

이면을 활용합시다.

Let's utilize the back side.

Suggestive ending -읍시다.

이면에 인쇄하세요.

Print on the back side.

Honorific imperative -세요.

이면의 내용을 읽어봐요.

Try reading the content on the back.

Possessive particle 의.

성공의 이면에는 노력이 있습니다.

Behind the hidden side of success, there is effort.

Metaphorical use of 이면.

그 사건의 이면을 알고 싶어요.

I want to know the hidden side of that incident.

Desire ending -고 싶다.

화려한 도시의 이면은 어둡습니다.

The hidden side of a flashy city is dark.

Contrast between surface and hidden side.

광고의 이면을 조심해야 해요.

You must be careful of the hidden side of advertisements.

Obligation ending -야 하다.

이면에 숨겨진 진실을 찾으세요.

Find the truth hidden on the other side.

Passive participle 숨겨진 (hidden).

그의 미소 이면에는 슬픔이 있어요.

Behind his smile, there is sadness.

Using 이면 for emotional duality.

이면을 보지 못하면 오해할 수 있어요.

If you can't see the hidden side, you might misunderstand.

Potential ending -ㄹ 수 있다.

이면 계약이 문제가 되었습니다.

A side contract became a problem.

Compound noun 이면 계약.

기술 발전의 이면에는 환경 오염이 있다.

On the hidden side of technological progress, there is environmental pollution.

Discussing societal consequences.

기자는 사건의 이면을 파헤치기 시작했다.

The reporter began to dig into the hidden side of the incident.

Verb 파헤치다 (to dig into/uncover).

동전의 양면처럼 모든 일에는 이면이 존재한다.

Like both sides of a coin, everything has a hidden side.

Simile using -처럼.

이 정책의 이면을 면밀히 검토해야 합니다.

We must closely examine the hidden side of this policy.

Adverb 면밀히 (closely/minutely).

겉모습과 이면이 다른 사람이 많다.

There are many people whose appearance and hidden side are different.

Contrastive structure.

이면에 도사린 위험을 무시해서는 안 된다.

You must not ignore the dangers lurking on the hidden side.

Verb 도사리다 (to lurk/lie in wait).

그는 권력의 이면을 적나라하게 보여주었다.

He showed the hidden side of power starkly.

Adverb 적나라하게 (starkly/nakedly).

역사의 이면을 탐구하는 것은 매우 중요하다.

Exploring the hidden side of history is very important.

Gerund structure -는 것.

자본주의의 이면에는 소외된 노동자들이 존재한다.

On the hidden side of capitalism, there are marginalized workers.

Socio-political analysis.

인간 소외 현상의 이면을 철학적으로 고찰하다.

Philosophically contemplate the hidden side of the human alienation phenomenon.

Academic verb 고찰하다 (to contemplate/examine).

이면 합의를 통해 부당한 이익을 챙겼다.

They took unfair profits through a side agreement.

Term 이면 합의 (side agreement/backdoor deal).

그 소설은 인간 욕망의 이면을 날카롭게 묘사했다.

The novel sharply depicted the hidden side of human desire.

Adverb 날카롭게 (sharply).

이면에 숨겨진 구조적 모순을 해결해야 한다.

We must solve the structural contradictions hidden behind the scenes.

Noun phrase 구조적 모순 (structural contradiction).

현상의 이면을 직시하는 통찰력이 필요하다.

Insight to look squarely at the hidden side of phenomena is needed.

Verb 직시하다 (to look squarely at).

그의 말 이면에 담긴 진의를 파악하기가 쉽지 않다.

It is not easy to grasp the true intention contained behind his words.

Noun 진의 (true intention).

이면에 도사리고 있는 위협을 간과해서는 안 된다.

We must not overlook the threats lurking on the hidden side.

Verb 간과하다 (to overlook).

포스트모더니즘은 거대 담론의 이면을 해체하려 한다.

Postmodernism attempts to deconstruct the hidden side of grand narratives.

High-level academic discourse.

이면 세계에 대한 상상력은 문학의 원동력이 된다.

Imagination about the hidden world becomes the driving force of literature.

Noun 원동력 (driving force).

법적 규제의 이면을 이용한 탈세 행위가 기승을 부린다.

Tax evasion acts using the hidden side of legal regulations are rampant.

Idiom 기승을 부리다 (to be rampant).

미학적 관점에서 작품의 이면을 재해석하다.

Reinterpret the hidden side of the work from an aesthetic perspective.

Verb 재해석하다 (to reinterpret).

이면의 진실이 드러날 때 권력의 정당성은 흔들린다.

When the hidden truth is revealed, the legitimacy of power is shaken.

Noun 정당성 (legitimacy).

우주의 이면을 탐구하는 물리학의 여정은 끝이 없다.

The journey of physics exploring the hidden side of the universe is endless.

Poetic/Academic metaphor.

그 정책은 표면적인 성과와는 달리 이면의 부작용이 심각하다.

Unlike its surface achievements, that policy's hidden side effects are serious.

Comparative structure -와는 달리.

이면에 잠재된 갈등이 폭발하여 사회적 혼란을 야기했다.

The conflicts latent on the hidden side exploded, causing social chaos.

Verb 야기하다 (to cause/trigger).

近义词

뒷면 속사정 내면 배후

反义词

표면 겉면

常见搭配

이면을 파헤치다

이면에 숨겨진

이면을 들여다보다

이면 계약

이면지 활용

이면을 직시하다

이면에 도사리다

이면을 드러내다

동전의 이면

이면을 탐구하다

常用短语

화려한 성공의 이면

— The hidden struggles or pain behind someone's public success. It reminds people that success isn't easy.

화려한 성공의 이면에는 피나는 노력이 있었다.

이면지를 쓰다

— To use the back side of a piece of paper. This is a common phrase for recycling paper in the office.

이면지를 써서 메모를 남겼어요.

이면에 감춰진

— Concealed on the hidden side. Similar to '숨겨진' but sounds a bit more literary.

이면에 감춰진 진실이 곧 밝혀질 것이다.

이면을 살피다

— To examine the hidden side. To look beyond the surface of a situation.

계약을 하기 전에 이면을 잘 살펴야 한다.

사건의 이면

— The hidden facts or circumstances of an incident. Used frequently in news reporting.

사건의 이면을 취재하다.

양면의 이면

— The hidden side of both aspects. Often used to say everything has hidden depths.

이 문제의 양면과 그 이면을 모두 고려해야 한다.

이면의 세계

— The hidden world. Can refer to a secret society, the underworld, or a subconscious realm.

그 소설은 이면의 세계를 다루고 있다.

이면의 의도

— Hidden intention. What a person really wants but isn't saying openly.

그의 친절에는 이면의 의도가 있을지도 모른다.

이면의 가치

— Hidden value. A value that isn't immediately obvious but is important.

이 물건의 이면의 가치를 알아봐야 한다.

이면을 밝히다

— To reveal the hidden side. To expose the truth.

정부는 이번 사건의 이면을 명확히 밝혀야 한다.

容易混淆的词

이면 vs -(이)면

This is a grammar suffix meaning 'if'. It attaches directly to a noun. '이면' as a noun usually follows '의' or a space.

이면 vs 내면

Refers to a person's inner psychological world. '이면' refers to the hidden side of a situation or object.

이면 vs 뒷면

Refers to the physical back side. '이면' is more abstract and formal.

习语与表达

"동전의 양면"

— Literally 'two sides of a coin.' Used to say that something has two contrasting but inseparable aspects (one of which is the 이면).

자유와 책임은 동전의 양면과 같다.

General

"달의 뒷면 (이면)"

— The dark side of the moon. Metaphorically used for things that are completely hidden from view.

그의 사생활은 달의 이면처럼 베일에 싸여 있다.

Literary

"빙산의 일각"

— Tip of the iceberg. Used when the '이면' (the part underwater) is much larger than what is visible.

드러난 비리는 빙산의 일각일 뿐, 이면은 더 거대하다.

General

"이면 합의"

— A secret 'back-room' deal made while a different public agreement is presented.

정치권의 이면 합의가 들통났다.

Political

"이면 공작"

— Behind-the-scenes maneuvering or plotting, often for political gain.

이면 공작을 통해 선거에 영향을 미치려 했다.

Political

"이면에 도사리다"

— To lurk in the hidden side. Usually used for dangers, threats, or negative feelings.

평화로운 분위기 이면에 긴장감이 도사리고 있다.

Literary

"이면을 찌르다"

— To pierce through to the hidden side. To accurately point out the hidden truth.

그의 질문은 사건의 이면을 찔렀다.

Neutral

"이면을 훑다"

— To scan or look through the hidden side/back side.

서류의 이면을 훑어보았다.

Neutral

"이면을 덮다"

— To cover up the hidden side. To hide the truth.

그들은 돈으로 사건의 이면을 덮으려 했다.

General

"이면의 눈"

— The eye for the hidden side. The ability to see the truth behind the surface.

이면의 눈을 가져야 현명한 판단을 할 수 있다.

Philosophical

容易混淆

이면 vs 외면

Sounds similar and also ends in '면'.

외면 means the 'outer face' or 'to ignore/look away'. '이면' means the 'hidden back side'. They are opposites in many contexts.

그는 진실을 외면했다. (He ignored the truth.)

이면 vs 지면

Both relate to paper/surfaces.

지면 refers to the 'page' or 'surface of the ground'. '이면' specifically refers to the *back* side or hidden side.

지면 관계상 내용을 줄였다. (Shortened the content due to page space.)

이면 vs 정면

Both describe a 'side' of something.

정면 is the 'front' or 'direct face'. '이면' is the 'back' or 'hidden side'.

정면으로 돌파하다. (To break through the front/directly.)

이면 vs 측면

Both are analytical terms for 'sides'.

측면 refers to a 'flank' or a 'perspective/aspect'. '이면' refers specifically to the hidden/back aspect.

다양한 측면에서 검토하다. (Examine from various aspects.)

이면 vs 단면

Both are analytical terms.

단면 is a 'cross-section' or a single facet of a complex issue. '이면' is the hidden side behind the whole thing.

그것은 우리 사회의 한 단면이다. (That is one cross-section of our society.)

句型

[Noun]의 이면에는 [Noun]이/가 있다.

풍요의 이면에는 빈곤이 있다.

[Noun]의 이면을 파헤치다.

그는 비리의 이면을 파헤쳤다.

[Noun]의 이면을 직시하다.

우리는 현실의 이면을 직시해야 한다.

[Noun]의 이면에 도사리고 있는 [Noun].

성공의 이면에 도사리고 있는 위기.

이면에 감춰진 진실을 밝히다.

이면에 감춰진 진실을 밝히기 위해 노력했다.

이면 계약을 체결하다.

그들은 몰래 이면 계약을 체결했다.

이면지를 활용하다.

이면지를 활용해서 메모를 해요.

이면에 숨겨진 의도.

그의 말 이면에 숨겨진 의도를 모르겠어.

词族

名词

이면지 (scrap paper)

이면계약 (side contract)

이면각 (dihedral angle)

이면경 (back-view mirror)

动词

이면화하다 (to make into a hidden side/to internalize - rare)

如何使用

frequency

High in news, academic writing, and formal business. Low in very casual daily conversation (except for '이면지').

常见错误

Using '이면' for 'if' with a space. → Attach '-(이)면' directly to the noun.
If you write '학생 이면', it looks like 'the hidden side of a student'. Write '학생이면' for 'if you are a student'.
Using '이면' for the back of a person. → 등 (back) or 뒤 (behind).
'이면' is for surfaces or situations, not human anatomy. You cannot say '그의 이면이 아파요' to mean his back hurts.
Confusing '이면' with '내면' in psychological contexts. → Use '내면' for soul/feelings; '이면' for hidden facts.
While similar, '내면' is about the internal world of a person. '이면' is about the hidden side of an external reality.
Using '이면' for simple physical directions. → 뒤 (back/behind).
Don't say '이면으로 가세요' to mean 'go to the back'. Say '뒤로 가세요'. '이면' is not a directional word.
Overusing '이면' in casual speech. → Use '뒤' or '속'.
'이면' is quite heavy and formal. Using it to talk about why your friend is late might sound too dramatic.

小贴士

Use it for Analysis

When writing a TOPIK essay, use '이면' to show you can analyze the deeper causes of a problem. It shows a high level of critical thinking.

Recycle with 이면지

If you are in a Korean office, look for the '이면지함'. It's a great way to practice the word in a real-world, physical context.

Watch the Particle

Remember: '의 이면' (Noun) vs. '이면' (If). That one tiny '의' or a space makes all the difference in meaning.

Business Caution

If someone mentions an '이면 계약' in a business deal, be very careful. It usually implies something hidden or potentially illegal.

Sound Intellectual

Instead of saying '그 뒤에 나쁜 게 있어요' (There's something bad behind that), say '그 이면에는 부정적인 측면이 있습니다' to sound more professional.

News Keywords

When you see '이면' in a headline, expect the article to be an 'expose' or a deep dive into a topic.

Context is King

In dramas, when characters talk about the '이면' of a person, they are usually about to reveal a secret or a hidden motivation.

The 'Inside-Face'

Memorize the Hanja meaning: 'Inside' + 'Face'. It's the face that is turned inward, not visible to others.

Contrast with 표면

A very effective writing structure is: '표면적으로는 A이지만, 이면에는 B가 있다' (On the surface it is A, but on the hidden side there is B).

Human Duality

Use '이면' to discuss the duality of people—how they act in public versus who they really are.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the word 'E-myeon'. The 'E' is like the 'E' in 'Enigma'. An enigma is a mystery or a hidden side. So, E-myeon is the Enigma-side (the hidden side).

视觉联想

Imagine an iceberg. The small part above water is the '표면' (surface). The massive, dangerous part underwater is the '이면' (hidden side).

Word Web

Hidden Back side Truth Secret Reality Paper Contract Society

挑战

Try to write three sentences about a famous movie or book, describing the '표면' (outward plot) and the '이면' (hidden meaning or theme).

词源

Derived from the Hanja characters '裏' and '面'. '裏' (속 리/이) means the inside, interior, or back. '面' (낯 면) means face, surface, or side. Together, they literally mean 'the inner face' or 'the back surface'.

原始含义： The back side of a physical object or the interior part of a garment.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

文化背景

When using '이면' to discuss someone's personal life, be careful as it can imply you are uncovering secrets they might want to keep private.

English speakers might use 'behind the scenes' or 'the flip side' or 'the dark side' depending on the context. '이면' covers all of these.

The movie 'Parasite' (Gisaengchung) is a perfect exploration of the '이면' of the wealthy and poor classes in Korea. The investigative show '그것이 알고 싶다' (I Want to Know That) is famous for uncovering the '이면' of crimes. Many K-pop documentaries focus on the '화려한 무대 뒤의 이면' (the hidden side behind the flashy stage).

在生活中练习

真实语境

Office/Workplace

이면지를 사용하다
이면지함
이면 계약 주의
업무의 이면

News/Journalism

사건의 이면을 보도하다
이면을 파헤치다
이면에 숨겨진 진실
권력의 이면

Social Analysis

사회의 이면
발전의 이면
도시의 이면
이면의 어둠

Psychology/Relationships

인간의 이면
미소의 이면
이면의 슬픔
이면을 이해하다

Literature/Art

작품의 이면
작가의 이면
이면의 상징
이면을 묘사하다

对话开场白

"K-pop의 화려한 모습 이면에는 어떤 어려움이 있을까요?"

"이면지를 활용하는 것이 환경에 얼마나 도움이 될까요?"

"사람의 겉모습과 이면이 너무 다를 때 어떻게 대처하시나요?"

"역사 속에서 우리가 몰랐던 이면의 이야기가 있다면 무엇인가요?"

"성공의 이면에는 항상 희생이 따라야 한다고 생각하시나요?"

日记主题

나만 알고 있는 나의 이면에 대해 써보세요. (Write about your own hidden side that only you know.)

최근 뉴스에서 본 사건의 이면에는 어떤 진실이 숨겨져 있을지 추측해 보세요.

우리 사회의 발전 이면에 가려진 어두운 부분에 대해 논해 보세요.

화려한 도시 생활의 이면은 어떤 모습일지 묘사해 보세요.

이면 계약이 사회에 미치는 부정적인 영향에 대해 자신의 생각을 정리해 보세요.

常见问题

10 个问题

Not necessarily, but it often is. In many contexts, it refers to hidden problems or dark truths. However, it can also refer to 'hidden efforts' or 'hidden beauty' that isn't immediately seen. For example, '성공의 이면에는 노력이 있다' is positive.

It sounds a bit too formal. For a phone or a physical object like that, '뒷면' is much more natural. You would say '휴대폰 뒷면'.

'속사정' is more about the 'private circumstances' or 'inner story' of a person or family. '이면' is broader and more formal, used for social phenomena, contracts, and abstract concepts.

Check the word before it. If it's a noun followed by '의' (e.g., '사건의 이면'), it's the noun. If it's a noun attached directly (e.g., '학생이면'), it's the 'if' grammar. Also, the noun is usually followed by particles like '을', '이', or '에는'.

Yes, very much so. In most Korean offices and schools, there are '이면지함' (scrap paper boxes) to encourage recycling. It is a very common daily word.

Yes, '달의 이면' is the correct scientific and metaphorical term for the far side of the moon.

It refers to a secret agreement that is different from the official, public contract. It is often used to hide illegal payments, tax evasion, or unfair conditions.

Apart from '이면지', it is less common in casual talk. It sounds more like something you'd hear on a talk show, in a lecture, or read in a book.

'표면' (surface) is the best antonym when talking about abstract situations. '전면' (front) is the best when talking about physical objects.

In geometry, '이면각' refers to the angle between two intersecting planes. In some older texts, it can also refer to the 'inside' of a house, but this is rare now.

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