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A2 verb 11分钟阅读

azedar

开始练习例句笔记与提示 azedar 30秒了解

解析 azedar in your Level:

At the A1 level, focus on the most literal meaning of 'azedar': things in the kitchen. You will mostly use it to talk about milk (leite) or juice (suco) that has gone bad. It is a simple '-ar' verb, so it conjugates just like 'falar' or 'estudar'. At this stage, you don't need to worry about the metaphorical meanings. Just remember: 'O leite azedou' means 'The milk soured'. This is a practical word for everyday life, especially if you are living in a Portuguese-speaking country and doing your own grocery shopping. It helps you describe food that is no longer good to eat. You might also see it on food labels or hear it in a restaurant if something doesn't taste right. Keep your sentences short and direct. Focus on the present tense and the simple past (Pretérito Perfeito) to describe things that have already soured. This word is a great way to start learning about 'state change' verbs in Portuguese, which are very common. By mastering 'azedar' for food, you lay the foundation for more complex uses later on.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'azedar' to describe people's moods and simple social situations. You already know it means 'to sour' for milk, but now you can say 'Ele azedou' to mean 'He became grumpy'. This is a very common way to describe someone who was happy but is now annoyed. You can also use it for simple plans that go wrong. For example, 'A festa azedou' (The party soured/became bad). At this level, you should be comfortable conjugating 'azedar' in the past, present, and future. You will also begin to notice it in more varied contexts, like when a game isn't going well. It's a useful word because it's more descriptive than just saying 'ficar ruim' (to become bad). It adds a bit of 'flavor' to your descriptions. Try to use it when you want to express that a situation has taken a negative turn. It's a great 'bridge' word that helps you move from literal descriptions to more figurative ones, which is a key skill at the A2 level.

At the B1 level, you should be using 'azedar' confidently in its figurative sense. This includes describing business deals, complex relationships, and political situations. You will hear it in the news and read it in articles. For instance, 'As negociações azedaram' (The negotiations soured). You should also be aware of common idioms like 'azedar o pé do frango' (to go completely wrong), which is very common in Brazil. At this stage, you can use 'azedar' to add nuance to your storytelling. Instead of saying a relationship ended, you can describe how it 'azedou' over time, implying a gradual process of becoming unpleasant. You should also be able to use it in different grammatical structures, such as the conditional ('Se ele vier, a festa vai azedar') or the subjunctive ('Espero que o plano não azede'). This level requires you to understand the 'vibe' of the word—it's not just about failure, but about a specific kind of unpleasant, 'sour' failure that often involves irritation or loss of harmony.

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At the B2 level, 'azedar' becomes a tool for sophisticated description. You can use it to describe the 'clima' (atmosphere) of a whole room or a period in history. You understand that 'azedar' can be used transitively to show how one person's actions can ruin a situation for everyone else ('O comentário dele azedou o clima da reunião'). You are also familiar with its use in sports and more complex media contexts. You can distinguish between 'azedar' and its synonyms like 'amargar' or 'estragar' with precision, choosing the one that best fits the sensory metaphor you want to evoke. At this level, you might use 'azedar' in passive constructions or with the impersonal 'se' to describe social trends. Your vocabulary is rich enough that 'azedar' is just one of many options, but you choose it specifically when you want to emphasize a sharp, irritating decline in quality or mood. You can also use it in more formal writing to describe deteriorating international relations or economic shifts.

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At the C1 level, you use 'azedar' with the ease of a native speaker, often in highly idiomatic or literary ways. You might use it to describe a character's 'alma azedada' (soured soul) in a creative writing piece, or use it in a high-level debate to describe how a specific policy 'azedou' public opinion. You are fully aware of the regional variations—how a speaker in Lisbon might use it differently than one in São Paulo. You can play with the word, perhaps using it ironically or in complex metaphors. Your understanding of the word is deeply integrated with Portuguese culture; you know the historical and social contexts where things are likely to 'azedar'. You can handle the most complex grammatical structures involving the verb without hesitation. For a C1 learner, 'azedar' is not just a verb; it's a versatile brushstroke that can add a specific 'sour' note to any linguistic composition, whether spoken or written, formal or informal.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'azedar' is absolute. you understand all its subtle connotations, from the literal fermentation of milk to the most abstract decay of a social contract. You can use it in puns, wordplay, and complex rhetorical devices. You might use it to critique a piece of music, saying the melody 'azedou' in the second act, or in a philosophical discussion about how hope can 'azedar' into cynicism. You are sensitive to the word's weight and can use it to evoke a specific emotional response in your audience. You know all the obscure idioms and can even invent your own metaphors using the 'sour' root that native speakers would find natural and clever. At this level, the word is a natural part of your expressive repertoire, used with perfect timing and cultural accuracy. You don't just know what 'azedar' means; you feel the 'sourness' it describes and can transmit that feeling perfectly through your choice of words.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

azedar 30秒了解

Literally means 'to sour', specifically for food like milk or wine.
Metaphorically describes a mood turning grumpy or a situation going wrong.
Commonly used in sports, business, and daily social interactions.
A regular '-ar' verb that is essential for describing negative changes in state.

The Portuguese verb azedar is a fascinating word that bridges the gap between the culinary world and the complex world of human emotions and social dynamics. At its most basic, literal level, it describes the chemical process where a substance—usually food or drink—becomes acidic or sour. This is most commonly associated with the natural fermentation or spoilage of dairy products like milk or cream. However, the true utility of azedar in daily Portuguese conversation lies in its metaphorical extensions. When a situation, a relationship, or even a person's mood 'sours', Portuguese speakers reach for this verb. It captures that specific moment when something goes from pleasant to unpleasant, from sweet to bitter, or from functional to broken.

Literal Spoilage: Used when milk turns sour or wine turns to vinegar because it was left out too long. It implies a natural, often irreversible decay.

O leite ficou fora da geladeira e acabou por azedar.

Social Friction: When a conversation becomes heated or a friendship begins to fail, the relationship 'azedou'. It suggests a loss of harmony.

Understanding azedar requires recognizing its transformative nature. It is not just about being sour (which is the adjective azedo); it is the process of *becoming* sour. This makes it a dynamic verb that is essential for describing changes in state. Whether you are talking about a sauce that you accidentally added too much lemon to, or a business deal that fell through because of a disagreement, azedar provides the perfect linguistic tool to express that things have taken a turn for the worse. It is a word that carries a weight of disappointment or physical distaste, making it highly evocative in both formal and informal contexts.

A conversa entre os dois sócios começou a azedar quando falaram de dinheiro.

Emotional Temperament: A person can 'azedar' if they become grumpy or ill-tempered. It describes a shift from a neutral or happy state to one of irritation.

Finally, it is worth noting the cultural nuance of azedar in different Portuguese-speaking regions. While the core meaning remains the same, the frequency of its figurative use can vary. In Portugal, it is very common in political discourse to describe failing negotiations. In Brazil, it is heavily used in slang to describe parties that became boring or dangerous. Regardless of where you are, using azedar correctly shows a high level of fluency because it demonstrates your ability to use sensory language to describe abstract concepts. It is a word that tastes of citrus and feels like a cold shoulder, all at once.

Using azedar effectively involves understanding its conjugation as a regular '-ar' verb and its flexibility as both a transitive and intransitive verb. When used intransitively, it describes something that happens to a subject (e.g., the milk sours). When used transitively, it describes an action that causes something else to sour (e.g., the heat soured the milk). This distinction is crucial for clear communication. In Portuguese, we often use the reflexive form or the 'ficar' auxiliary to emphasize the change in state, which is a common pattern for verbs describing a shift in condition.

Intransitive Use (The Subject Changes): Here, the focus is on the object itself undergoing the change. Example: 'O vinho azedou' (The wine turned sour).

Se você não guardar o molho no frigorífico, ele vai azedar rapidamente.

Transitive Use (An Agent Causes Change): Used when someone or something actively makes a situation or substance sour. Example: 'A sua atitude azedou o jantar' (Your attitude soured the dinner).

In more advanced usage, azedar often appears in the passive voice or with impersonal 'se' to describe general situations. For example, 'Azedou-se a relação entre os países' (The relationship between the countries soured). This adds a level of formality and focuses on the event rather than the specific cause. Learners should also be aware of the difference between azedar and estragar. While estragar means 'to spoil' or 'to break' in a general sense, azedar specifically implies a souring or acidification, whether literal or metaphorical.

Não deixe que um pequeno erro venha a azedar todo o nosso projeto.

Figurative Phrases: Commonly used with abstract nouns like 'humor' (mood), 'clima' (atmosphere), or 'negócio' (business deal).

To master azedar, practice using it in scenarios of cause and effect. Think about what makes a party turn bad or what happens to food in the heat. By connecting the physical sensation of sourness to social outcomes, you will develop an intuitive sense for when this verb is the most appropriate choice. It is a versatile word that, despite its negative connotation, adds a great deal of flavor and precision to your Portuguese vocabulary.

The verb azedar is a staple in various domains of Portuguese life, from the domestic sphere to the high-stakes world of politics and business. Its frequency in daily speech is high because it provides a vivid way to describe the deterioration of quality or mood. In a Portuguese or Brazilian kitchen, you will hear it constantly. A mother might warn her child, 'Bebe o leite logo antes que azede' (Drink the milk soon before it sours). Here, the word is literal, practical, and tied to the management of the household. It is one of the first verbs a learner should know when discussing food and cooking, as it is more specific than simply saying 'ficar ruim' (to become bad).

In the Media: News headlines often use 'azedar' to describe diplomatic tensions. 'Azedam as relações entre EUA e China' is a classic example of journalistic shorthand for escalating conflict.

A negociação para a venda da empresa azedou na última hora.

At Social Gatherings: If a party was going well but then a fight broke out, someone might say 'O clima azedou de vez' (The vibe soured completely).

In the workplace, azedar is used to describe projects that are no longer viable or meetings that have become unproductive. A manager might say, 'Não vamos deixar que este problema azede o nosso progresso' (Let's not let this problem sour our progress). It is a professional yet descriptive way to address negativity or failure. Furthermore, in sports, especially football (soccer), if a team starts losing or playing poorly after a strong start, commentators often say the game 'azedou' for that team. This usage highlights the sudden and often unexpected nature of the decline.

O humor do chefe azedou assim que viu os resultados trimestrais.

Informal Slang: Among young people, 'azedar' can mean that something went totally wrong or that a person became extremely annoyed. 'Azedou o pé do frango' is a funny, very common Brazilian idiom for a complete disaster.

Whether you are listening to the radio, watching a movie, or chatting at a café, azedar will appear whenever there is a shift from positive to negative. It is a word that captures the essence of change—usually the kind of change we try to avoid. By listening for it in these different contexts, you will begin to appreciate how Portuguese speakers use sensory metaphors to navigate the complexities of life.

One of the most common pitfalls for English speakers learning azedar is confusing it with other verbs related to spoilage or negative emotions, such as estragar (to spoil/break), amargar (to make bitter), or irritar (to irritate). While they share a semantic field, they are not always interchangeable. For instance, you would estragar a toy by breaking it, but you would azedar milk. Using estragar for milk is technically correct but less precise than azedar. Conversely, using azedar for a broken machine is incorrect because machines don't have acidity.

Confusion with 'Amargar': 'Amargar' refers to bitterness (like coffee or a bitter pill), while 'azedar' refers to sourness (like lemon or spoiled milk). Metaphorically, 'amargar' is often used for suffering or resentment, while 'azedar' is used for irritation or a failed situation.

Errado: A notícia azedou o seu coração. (Better: A notícia amargou o seu coração.)

Overusing the Literal Meaning: Many learners only use 'azedar' for food. To sound more native, you should embrace its figurative uses for moods and social atmospheres.

Another mistake involves the reflexive 'se'. While you can say 'O leite azedou', saying 'O leite se azedou' is less common in many dialects and can sound unnatural. The verb often functions perfectly well in its simple intransitive form to describe natural processes. However, in Brazil, 'se' is sometimes added for emphasis or to indicate a person's involvement in the process of becoming grumpy ('Ele se azedou todo'). It is safer for learners to stick to the non-reflexive form unless they are mimicking a specific regional slang they have heard.

Cuidado: Não diga 'O carro azedou' se ele parou de funcionar; diga 'O carro estragou' ou 'pifou'.

Preposition Errors: When 'azedar' is used to mean 'to make something sour', it doesn't usually require a preposition before the object. 'Isso azedou o plano' (This soured the plan), not 'Isso azedou ao plano'.

Finally, ensure you are pronouncing the 'z' clearly. Some learners might accidentally soft-pedal the 'z' or confuse it with an 's' sound, but in Portuguese, the 'z' in azedar is voiced and strong, like the 'z' in 'zebra'. Clear pronunciation helps distinguish it from other similar-sounding words and ensures your meaning is understood immediately, especially in noisy environments like a kitchen or a busy street.

While azedar is a powerful and specific verb, the Portuguese language offers several alternatives depending on the nuance you want to convey. Understanding these synonyms and related words will help you choose the most precise term for your context. If you are talking about food, estragar is the most common general term for 'to spoil'. If you want to be more specific about fermentation, you might use fermentar, though this can be positive (like making bread) or negative. If wine is turning into vinegar, the word avinagrar is even more specific than azedar.

Azedar vs. Estragar: 'Estragar' is general (broken toys, rotten meat). 'Azedar' is specific to acidity (milk, wine, moods).

A carne estragou (rotten), mas o iogurte azedou (sour).

Azedar vs. Amargar: 'Azedar' is about the sharp, acidic taste of lemons. 'Amargar' is about the heavy, dark taste of unsweetened cocoa or coffee.

For figurative uses involving plans or situations that go wrong, you might use malograr (to fail/thwart) or fracassar (to fail). These are more formal and lack the sensory 'flavor' of azedar. If a conversation becomes tense, you could use tensionar or complicar. However, azedar remains the favorite in colloquial speech because it so effectively communicates the 'bad taste' a failed situation leaves in one's mouth. In Brazil, you might also hear dar errado (to go wrong) or melar (slang for a deal falling through), which are common informal alternatives.

O negócio melou (Brazilian slang) / O negócio azedou.

Related Adjectives: 'Azedo' (sour), 'Acidificado' (acidified), 'Ranço' (rancid - usually for fats), 'Agri-doce' (sweet and sour).

By learning these alternatives, you gain the ability to describe the specific *way* something is failing. Is it breaking down (estragar), becoming bitter (amargar), or just taking a sour turn (azedar)? This level of precision is what separates an intermediate learner from an advanced speaker. Next time you see a situation deteriorating, think about which of these 'flavors' of failure best describes what is happening, and you will find your Portuguese becoming much more expressive and natural.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'vinegar' in English comes from the French 'vin aigre', which literally means 'sour wine' (vinho azedo).

发音指南

UK /ɐ.zɨ.ˈðaɾ/

US /a.ze.ˈdaʁ/

The stress is on the last syllable: a-ze-DAR.

押韵词

andar falar chegar pensar olhar estar levar passar

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'z' as 's' (it should be voiced).
Stressing the second-to-last syllable instead of the last.
Making the 'e' sound too much like 'ee' in English.
Forgetting to tap or gutturalize the final 'r'.
Confusing the 'a' sound with the 'a' in 'apple'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize if you know the root 'azedo'.

写作 3/5

Regular conjugation but needs practice with figurative use.

口语 3/5

The 'z' sound and final 'r' require some attention.

听力 2/5

Clear sound, usually easy to pick out in context.

接下来学什么

前置知识

azedo leite ficar ruim estragar

接下来学习

amargar fermentar apodrecer irritar humor

高级

azedume acidificação avinagrar malograr

需要掌握的语法

Regular -ar verb conjugation

Eu azedo, Tu azedas, Ele azeda...

Use of 'ficar' + adjective vs. verb

O leite ficou azedo vs. O leite azedou.

Transitive vs Intransitive usage

A chuva azedou o dia (Trans) vs. O leite azedou (Intrans).

Reflexive 'se' for change of state

Ele se azedou com a crítica.

Subjunctive for uncertainty/wishes

Espero que não azede.

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按水平分级的例句

O leite vai azedar se ficar no sol.

The milk will sour if it stays in the sun.

Future tense of 'azedar'.

Eu não gosto de suco que azedou.

I don't like juice that has soured.

Past tense (Pretérito Perfeito) used as an adjective phrase.

O iogurte azedou rápido.

The yogurt soured quickly.

Simple past tense.

Cuidado para não deixar o molho azedar.

Be careful not to let the sauce sour.

Infinitive form after 'deixar'.

Este vinho está começando a azedar.

This wine is starting to sour.

Present continuous with 'começando a'.

O creme azedou na geladeira?

Did the cream sour in the fridge?

Question in the past tense.

Não beba isso, azedou.

Don't drink that, it soured.

Imperative and past tense.

O calor faz a comida azedar.

The heat makes the food sour.

Present tense describing a general fact.

Ele azedou quando soube da notícia.

He soured (became grumpy) when he heard the news.

Figurative use for mood.

A nossa viagem azedou por causa da chuva.

Our trip soured because of the rain.

Figurative use for a situation.

O clima na festa azedou depois da briga.

The vibe at the party soured after the fight.

Common phrase 'o clima azedou'.

Ela sempre azeda quando está com fome.

She always sours (gets grumpy) when she is hungry.

Present tense for habitual action.

O jogo azedou para o meu time no segundo tempo.

The game soured for my team in the second half.

Sports context.

Não azede o passeio com reclamações.

Don't sour the outing with complaints.

Negative imperative.

O humor dele azeda facilmente.

His mood sours easily.

Reflexive-like use without the 'se'.

A conversa azedou e eles pararam de falar.

The conversation soured and they stopped talking.

Describing a social shift.

As negociações entre as empresas azedaram ontem.

The negotiations between the companies soured yesterday.

Formal/Business context.

Se você continuar assim, vai azedar a nossa amizade.

If you continue like this, you will sour our friendship.

Transitive use with abstract object.

Azedou o pé do frango quando ele perdeu o emprego.

Things went completely wrong when he lost his job.

Idiomatic expression (Brazil).

O projeto começou bem, mas azedou no final.

The project started well, but soured at the end.

Describing a process of failure.

Espero que isso não azede os nossos planos de férias.

I hope this doesn't sour our holiday plans.

Subjunctive mood.

A relação entre os vizinhos azedou por causa do barulho.

The relationship between the neighbors soured because of the noise.

Social context.

Ele tem um jeito que azeda qualquer ambiente.

He has a way that sours any environment.

Describing personality impact.

A sopa azedou porque você não a ferveu direito.

The soup soured because you didn't boil it properly.

Literal use with a specific cause.

A falta de transparência azedou a confiança dos investidores.

The lack of transparency soured investor confidence.

Abstract transitive use.

O clima político azedou após o escândalo ser revelado.

The political climate soured after the scandal was revealed.

Journalistic context.

A discussão acabou por azedar o jantar de família.

The argument ended up souring the family dinner.

Complex sentence structure.

Sinto que a nossa parceria está a azedar por falta de comunicação.

I feel that our partnership is souring due to lack of communication.

Present continuous (European Portuguese style).

Não deixes que uma pequena crítica te azede o dia.

Don't let a small criticism sour your day.

Imperative with pronoun 'te'.

O mercado imobiliário azedou com a subida dos juros.

The real estate market soured with the rise in interest rates.

Economic context.

Azedaram-se os ânimos durante a assembleia de condomínio.

Tempers flared/soured during the building meeting.

Passive/Reflexive 'se' for emphasis.

O tom da entrevista azedou quando o repórter fez aquela pergunta.

The tone of the interview soured when the reporter asked that question.

Describing a shift in tone.

A retórica agressiva do candidato azedou o debate democrático.

The candidate's aggressive rhetoric soured the democratic debate.

High-level political vocabulary.

O fracasso da missão azedou as esperanças de uma solução rápida.

The failure of the mission soured hopes for a quick solution.

Abstract metaphorical use.

Há um certo azedume que começa a azedar a alma daquela gente.

There is a certain bitterness that begins to sour the soul of those people.

Literary use with related noun 'azedume'.

A decisão do tribunal azedou de vez as relações diplomáticas.

The court's decision soured diplomatic relations for good.

Formal legal/diplomatic context.

O autor utiliza a metáfora do leite para descrever como o amor pode azedar.

The author uses the milk metaphor to describe how love can sour.

Literary analysis context.

Azedar um negócio promissor por causa de detalhes é um erro comum.

Souring a promising business because of details is a common mistake.

Infinitive as a subject.

A convivência forçada acabou por azedar o caráter do jovem.

The forced coexistence ended up souring the young man's character.

Describing psychological change.

O pessimismo crônico dele azeda qualquer tentativa de inovação.

His chronic pessimism sours any attempt at innovation.

Complex abstract transitive use.

A sucessão de escândalos azedou irremediavelmente a percepção pública da instituição.

The succession of scandals has irremediably soured public perception of the institution.

Advanced adverbial use ('irremediavelmente').

O cinismo contemporâneo corre o risco de azedar as virtudes cívicas mais elementares.

Contemporary cynicism risks souring the most elementary civic virtues.

Philosophical/Sociological context.

Azedar-se com a vida é o primeiro passo para a irrelevância intelectual.

To become soured with life is the first step toward intellectual irrelevance.

Reflexive use in a philosophical maxim.

O vinho da discórdia azedou o banquete da paz.

The wine of discord soured the banquet of peace.

Highly metaphorical/Poetic language.

A incapacidade de diálogo azedou o que outrora fora uma aliança inquebrável.

The inability to dialogue soured what had once been an unbreakable alliance.

Use of 'outrora' and 'fora' (pluperfect).

Azedar a própria sorte por pura teimosia é uma tragédia humana recorrente.

Souring one's own luck out of pure stubbornness is a recurring human tragedy.

Abstract use with 'sorte'.

O clima de desconfiança azedou a tal ponto que a colaboração tornou-se impossível.

The climate of distrust soured to such an extent that collaboration became impossible.

Consecutive clause structure ('a tal ponto que').

Azedar o debate com falácias é a estratégia dos que não têm argumentos.

Souring the debate with fallacies is the strategy of those who have no arguments.

Sophisticated use in argumentation.

常见搭配

leite azedado

clima azedou

humor azedo

negócio azedar

relação azedar

vinho azedar

conversa azedar

plano azedar

cara azeda

jogo azedar

常用短语

Azedar o pé do frango

— A Brazilian idiom meaning something went completely and disastrously wrong.

Azedou o pé do frango quando o motor parou.

Ficar com a cara azeda

— To look grumpy, displeased, or annoyed.

Ele ficou com a cara azeda o dia todo.

Deixar azedar

— To allow something to go bad or to fail through neglect.

Não deixe o seu casamento azedar por falta de atenção.

Azedar de vez

— To sour completely or permanently.

Depois daquela mentira, a confiança azedou de vez.

Massa azeda

— Sourdough (literally 'sour dough').

Eu adoro pão de massa azeda.

Dar uma azedada

— To take a slightly negative turn (informal).

O tempo deu uma azedada à tarde.

Sabor azedado

— A soured or acidic taste.

Este molho tem um sabor azedado estranho.

Azedar o humor

— To ruin someone's mood.

A notícia azedou o humor do grupo.

Clima de azedume

— An atmosphere of bitterness or grumpiness.

Havia um clima de azedume na sala.

Pessoa azeda

— A grumpy or unpleasant person.

Ninguém gosta de trabalhar com uma pessoa azeda.

容易混淆的词

azedar vs estragar

Estragar is general (broken/rotten), azedar is specific (sour/acidic).

azedar vs amargar

Amargar is bitter (coffee/suffering), azedar is sour (lemon/irritation).

azedar vs apodrecer

Apodrecer is to rot (meat/wood), azedar is to sour (liquids/moods).

习语与表达

"Azedar o pé do frango"

— To go totally wrong; a complete mess.

Azedou o pé do frango na hora da apresentação.

informal/slang (Brazil)

"Cara de poucos amigos"

— While not using the word 'azedar', it describes the 'azedo' look.

Ele está com cara de poucos amigos hoje.

informal

"Estar com os azeites"

— A Portuguese idiom for being in a bad/sour mood.

Não fales com ele, ele está com os azeites.

informal (Portugal)

"Virar vinagre"

— To turn to vinegar; to sour (similar to azedar).

A nossa amizade virou vinagre.

informal

"Dar bode"

— Another Brazilian way to say things 'azedaram' or went wrong.

A festa deu bode no final.

slang

"Fechou o tempo"

— The mood soured suddenly (like weather turning bad).

O tempo fechou quando ele chegou.

informal

"Trocar as bolas"

— To mess up, which often leads to things 'azedando'.

Ele trocou as bolas e azedou o plano.

informal

"Dar com os burros n'água"

— To fail miserably.

O negócio deu com os burros n'água e azedou.

idiom

"Pisar no tomate"

— To make a mistake that might sour a situation.

Pisei no tomate e o clima azedou.

slang

"Ficar de bico"

— To pout, often after things 'azedaram'.

Ela ficou de bico porque o plano azedou.

informal

容易混淆

azedar vs azedo

It's the adjective form.

Azedo is the state (sour), azedar is the action (to sour).

O leite está azedo (state) vs. O leite azedou (action).

azedar vs azedume

It's the noun form.

Azedume is the quality of being sour or grumpy.

Ele tem muito azedume.

azedar vs ácido

Related meaning.

Ácido is more scientific/technical; azedar is everyday.

O limão é ácido.

azedar vs agriar

Synonym.

Agriar is less common in speech than azedar.

O molho agriou.

azedar vs fermentar

Related process.

Fermentar can be positive (bread); azedar is almost always negative.

A massa está fermentando.

句型

O [food] azedou.

O suco azedou.

Ele/Ela azedou.

Ela azedou com o comentário.

O clima azedou.

O clima azedou na festa.

[Something] azedou o [Something else].

A chuva azedou o nosso plano.

As negociações azedaram.

As negociações de paz azedaram.

Azedar-se com [something].

Ele azedou-se com a vida.

Um azedume que azeda [abstract].

Um azedume que azeda a alma.

Azedar irremediavelmente.

A situação azedou irremediavelmente.

词族

名词

azedume (grumpiness/sourness)

azedo (the sour taste)

azedinha (a type of plant/sorrel)

acidificação (acidification)

动词

acidificar (to acidify)

agriar (to sour)

avinagrar (to turn to vinegar)

形容词

azedo (sour)

azedado (soured)

acidificado (acidified)

agri-doce (sweet and sour)

如何使用

frequency

High in daily conversation and media.

常见错误

O leite estragou. → O leite azedou.
While 'estragou' is okay, 'azedou' is more precise for milk.
Ele está azedar. → Ele está azedo.
Use the adjective 'azedo' for a state, the verb 'azedar' for the action.
Azedou ao plano. → Azedou o plano.
The verb is transitive; it doesn't need 'ao'.
A máquina azedou. → A máquina estragou.
Machines can't 'azedar' because they aren't organic/acidic.
O clima se azedou. → O clima azedou.
The reflexive 'se' is often unnecessary for 'clima'.

小贴士

The Lemon Rule

Whenever you think of the reaction someone has to a sour lemon, use 'azedar' for that feeling or situation.

Regularity

Since it's regular, once you learn 'falar', you already know how to conjugate 'azedar'.

Brazilian Flavor

Learn 'azedou o pé do frango' to impress your Brazilian friends; it's a classic.

Business Context

Use it to describe deals that are going bad; it sounds very native.

The Voiced Z

Make sure your 'z' vibrates; it shouldn't sound like 'ss'.

Azedar vs. Estragar

Remember: Milk azedas, toys estragam.

State Change

It's a verb of change. Use it to show the moment things went from good to bad.

Wine Talk

Use it when discussing wine quality to sound like a connoisseur.

News Keywords

Listen for it in political news; it's a very common 'power verb'.

Descriptive Power

In essays, use it to describe a 'sour' atmosphere instead of just saying 'bad'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'Zebra' eating a 'Sour' lemon. A-ZE-dar. The 'Z' is the key sound for the sourness.

视觉联想

Imagine a glass of milk turning into a grumpy face with lemon wedges for eyes.

Word Web

Milk Lemon Vinegar Grumpy Failed Deal Spoiled Sour Face Tension

挑战

Try to use 'azedar' today to describe either something in your kitchen or how you feel when you are hungry.

词源

From the Vulgar Latin *acetāre, which comes from 'acetum' (vinegar). It is related to the word 'acidus' (acid).

原始含义： To turn into vinegar or to make something acidic.

Romance (Latin root).

文化背景

Calling someone 'azedo' is a mild insult, usually meaning they are a killjoy or grumpy.

English uses 'to sour' in almost the exact same metaphorical way (e.g., 'the deal soured'), making this an easy concept for English speakers.

Commonly used in Brazilian MPB songs to describe heartbreak. Frequent in sports headlines after a major team loss. Used in classic literature (like Machado de Assis) to describe cynical characters.

在生活中练习

真实语境

In the kitchen

O leite azedou?
Isso vai azedar.
Cheiro de azedado.
Não deixe azedar.

At work

A reunião azedou.
O clima está azedo.
O negócio azedou.
Não vamos deixar azedar.

Social life

A festa azedou.
Ele azedou comigo.
O clima azedou de vez.
Cara azeda.

Sports

O jogo azedou pro time.
Azedou a classificação.
O clima no vestiário azedou.
Azedou o pé do frango.

Weather

O tempo azedou.
O dia azedou com a chuva.
Vai azedar o passeio.
O clima deu uma azedada.

对话开场白

"Você já deixou o leite azedar alguma vez?"

"O que faz o seu humor azedar logo de manhã?"

"Você acha que a situação política vai azedar ainda mais?"

"O que você faz quando percebe que o clima em uma festa azedou?"

"Já aconteceu de um negócio seu azedar na última hora?"

日记主题

Descreva uma situação em que um pequeno detalhe fez todo o seu plano azedar.

Escreva sobre um dia em que você acordou com o humor azedo e como isso mudou.

Como você lida com pessoas que estão sempre com a cara azeda?

Pense em uma amizade que azedou. O que aconteceu?

Quais são as comidas que azedam mais rápido na sua opinião?

常见问题

10 个问题

Usually no. For meat, use 'estragar' (spoil) or 'apodrecer' (rot). 'Azedar' is for liquids or things that become acidic.

Yes, it is used in both Portugal and Brazil with the same literal and figurative meanings.

No, it's neutral to informal. In a very formal report, you might say 'as relações deterioraram-se'.

It's a Brazilian idiom meaning everything went wrong. It's very informal and funny.

Yes, an 'azedo' person is someone who is always grumpy or unpleasant.

Yes, it follows the standard -ar conjugation perfectly.

It is 'pão de massa azeda' or 'pão de fermentação natural'.

Yes, it's the perfect word for wine turning into vinegar.

'Azedar' is for irritation/failure; 'amargar' is for deep sadness/resentment.

Yes, 'vai azedar' is very common to predict a bad outcome.

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