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A2 noun #4,000 最常用 12分钟阅读

ciúme

前4,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 ciúme 30秒了解

解析 ciúme in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the basic meaning of 'ciúme' as 'jealousy'. You might not use it often yourself, but you will encounter it in simple stories or songs. The most important thing to remember is that it is a masculine noun ('o ciúme'). In simple sentences, you can use it with the verb 'ter' (to have). For example: 'Eu tenho ciúme' (I have jealousy). At this stage, don't worry too much about the difference between 'ciúme' and 'inveja'; just know that 'ciúme' is usually about people you care about. You might also see the adjective 'ciumento' (jealous). A child might say, 'Meu gato é ciumento' (My cat is jealous). Keep it simple and focus on the 'ter' + 'ciúme' pattern. Remember the pronunciation: see-OO-mee. The stress is on the middle syllable. This word is very common in Brazilian music, so you might hear it in a catchy chorus even before you learn to use it in a conversation. It is a 'feeling' word, like 'amor' (love) or 'medo' (fear).

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'ciúme' more naturally in daily conversations. You should start using the plural form 'ciúmes', as it is more common in spoken Portuguese. You also need to learn the preposition 'de'. The standard formula is: [Person] + [ter] + [ciúmes] + [de] + [Object/Person]. For example: 'Ela tem ciúmes do namorado' (She is jealous of her boyfriend). You should also be able to describe yourself or others using the adjective 'ciumento/a'. At this level, you might start to distinguish 'ciúme' from 'inveja' (envy). Remember: use 'ciúme' for your relationships and 'inveja' for things you want to have. You can also start using intensifiers like 'muito' or 'um pouco'. 'Estou com um pouco de ciúmes' is a very common and useful phrase. You will also hear it in the context of siblings or friends. Understanding that 'ciúme' is a noun and requires a verb like 'ter' or 'sentir' is key to moving beyond basic translations and sounding more like a native speaker.

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'ciúme' in various tenses and more complex sentence structures. You can describe emotional states in the past: 'Eu tive muito ciúme dele naquela época' (I was very jealous of him at that time). You should also learn common collocations like 'crise de ciúme' (a fit of jealousy) or 'cena de ciúme' (making a scene). At this level, you can explore the nuances of 'ciúme' in professional or social contexts, not just romantic ones. You might say, 'O diretor tem ciúme dos seus projetos' (The director is jealous/protective of his projects). You can also start using the reflexive or passive constructions, though they are less common for this specific word. The focus should be on the social implications of the word. You might discuss why someone feels 'ciúme' and use words like 'insegurança' (insecurity) or 'confiança' (trust) to explain it. You are now able to participate in a conversation about relationships where 'ciúme' is a central topic, providing your opinion on whether it is healthy or not.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the psychological and literary weight of the word 'ciúme'. You can use it to discuss complex themes in literature or film. For example, you might analyze a character in a Brazilian telenovela by saying, 'O ciúme dele é o que move a trama' (His jealousy is what drives the plot). You should be aware of the more formal uses of the singular 'ciúme' in essays or formal speeches. You can also use idiomatic expressions like 'morrer de ciúmes' (to be extremely jealous) with ease. Your vocabulary should include synonyms and related concepts like 'possessividade' (possessiveness) and 'zelo' (care/zeal). You can distinguish between 'ciúme retroativo' (jealousy of a partner's past) and other specific types of the emotion. At this stage, your use of prepositions and contractions (do, da, dos, das) should be flawless. You can also use the word in the context of 'ciúme de posse', referring to a possessive type of jealousy. You are capable of explaining the cultural differences in how jealousy is perceived in Lusophone countries versus your own.

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At the C1 level, 'ciúme' becomes a tool for sophisticated emotional and philosophical expression. You can use it in abstract discussions about human nature, citing literary examples like Machado de Assis's 'Dom Casmurro'. You understand the etymological roots of the word and how they influence its current meaning. You are comfortable with the most subtle nuances, such as using 'ciúme' to describe a protective instinct over an idea or a legacy. You can use the word in complex grammatical structures, such as within 'if' clauses or the subjunctive mood: 'Se ele não tivesse tanto ciúme, o relacionamento seria melhor' (If he didn't have so much jealousy, the relationship would be better). You are also familiar with archaic or highly formal variations and can identify them in classical literature. Your ability to use 'ciúme' in a variety of registers—from street slang to academic discourse—is well-developed. You can participate in debates about the 'social construction of jealousy' in different cultures using precise and varied vocabulary.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'ciúme' and all its connotations. You can use the word with poetic precision, perhaps in creative writing or high-level academic analysis. You understand how 'ciúme' has been treated in Portuguese philosophy and sociology over the centuries. You can identify and use rare idioms and metaphors involving 'ciúme' that even some native speakers might find sophisticated. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but cultural and historical; you know how the concept of 'ciúme' has evolved in the Luso-Afro-Brazilian world. You can effortlessly switch between the singular and plural to achieve specific rhetorical effects. You are able to interpret the word's presence in complex legal or psychological texts with total clarity. At this level, 'ciúme' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a concept you can manipulate to express the deepest and most complex aspects of the human condition in the Portuguese language.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

ciúme 30秒了解

Ciúme means jealousy, primarily the fear of losing a loved one's attention or a valued relationship.
It is a masculine noun, often used in the plural 'ciúmes' in everyday Portuguese conversation.
Unlike in English, you 'have' (ter) or are 'with' (estar com) jealousy rather than 'being' it.
It is strictly different from 'inveja' (envy), which is wanting what someone else possesses.

The Portuguese word ciúme is a deeply emotive noun that translates primarily to 'jealousy' in English. While it shares many similarities with its English counterpart, its usage in Portuguese-speaking cultures, particularly in Brazil and Portugal, carries specific social and emotional weight. At its core, ciúme describes the complex feeling of insecurity, fear, or anxiety over the anticipated loss of something of personal value, typically a relationship or the exclusive affection of a loved one. It is important to distinguish ciúme from inveja (envy); while inveja is wanting what someone else has, ciúme is the fear of losing what you already have or feel you possess.

Romantic Context: This is the most common use. It refers to the suspicion or resentment felt when a partner shows interest in another person, or when another person shows interest in the partner. In Lusophone cultures, expressing a certain level of ciúme is sometimes seen as a sign of passion, though excessive amounts are viewed as toxic (tóxico).
Plural vs. Singular: In everyday speech, the plural form ciúmes is used much more frequently than the singular. You will often hear 'Tenho ciúmes de você' (I am jealous of you) rather than 'Tenho ciúme'. The singular form tends to be more abstract or literary.
Sibling Rivalry: It is used to describe the feelings children have when a new sibling arrives. This is known as 'ciúme fraterno'. It highlights the competition for parental attention.

O menino sentiu um grande ciúme quando viu sua mãe abraçando o bebê recém-nascido.

Translation: The boy felt a great jealousy when he saw his mother hugging the newborn baby.

The concept of ciúme is so pervasive in the Portuguese language that it has spawned numerous idiomatic expressions. For example, a 'crise de ciúme' (a jealousy fit) is a common phrase used to describe an outburst of possessiveness. Linguistically, the word originates from the Vulgar Latin zelumen, derived from the Greek zelos, which initially meant 'zeal' or 'ardor'. This historical root explains why the word carries such intense energy. In Portuguese, the distinction between a healthy 'zelo' (care/protection) and a destructive 'ciúme' is a frequent topic of psychological and social debate.

Ela não consegue esconder o ciúme que sente pelo sucesso dos outros, embora tente parecer amigável.

Furthermore, ciúme can be applied to inanimate objects or professional positions. One might have ciúme of their personal library or a specific project at work, fearing that someone else might take over or mishandle it. This 'professional jealousy' is common in corporate environments. Understanding ciúme requires recognizing it as a defensive emotion—a guard dog for the ego and the heart. It is not merely about hate, but about a distorted form of love or attachment that fears displacement.

O ator tinha ciúme do seu papel principal e não queria um substituto.

Psychological Nuance: Psychologists in Portugal and Brazil often categorize ciúme into 'ciúme normal' (rational protection of a bond) and 'ciúme patológico' (obsessive, irrational jealousy). Learning the word helps you navigate these social discussions.

Não tenha ciúme; eu só tenho olhos para você.

Mastering the use of ciúme involves understanding its grammatical pairings and the subtle shift between its singular and plural forms. In Portuguese, emotions are often 'had' (ter) or 'felt' (sentir). The most natural way to express jealousy is using the verb ter. While in English you 'are' jealous (adjective), in Portuguese you 'have' jealousy (noun). This is a fundamental shift for English speakers to internalize. For instance, 'I am jealous' becomes 'Eu tenho ciúmes'.

Ricardo tem muito ciúme da sua namorada quando ela sai com os amigos.

Translation: Ricardo is very jealous of his girlfriend when she goes out with friends.

When using ciúme, the preposition de is your best friend. It connects the feeling to the object of the jealousy. Whether it is a person, a pet, or an object, de (and its contractions da, do, dos, das) is mandatory. For example: 'ciúme do passado' (jealousy of the past) or 'ciúme da irmã' (jealousy of the sister). Notice how the word often appears with intensifiers like muito, demais, or doentio (sickening/pathological).

The 'Morrer de' Construction: To express extreme jealousy, Portuguese speakers use the hyperbolic 'morrer de ciúme' (to die of jealousy). It is similar to the English 'green with envy' but specifically for jealousy. Example: 'Ele morre de ciúme dela.'
Verbs of Action: Common verbs associated with this noun include provocar (to cause/provoke), despertar (to awaken), and controlar (to control). 'Ele tentou provocar ciúme nela' (He tried to make her jealous).

O sucesso repentino do colega despertou um ciúme bobo nele.

In more formal or literary writing, you might encounter ciúme as a subject of a sentence to describe a state of being. 'O ciúme é um monstro de olhos verdes' (Jealousy is a green-eyed monster) – a direct nod to Shakespeare that works perfectly in Portuguese. However, in daily life, focus on the 'ter' + 'ciúmes' + 'de' structure. It is the most robust and versatile pattern you will need.

Por favor, não faça cenas de ciúme na frente dos meus pais.

Another important phrase is 'fazer cena de ciúme', which means 'to make a scene' because of jealousy. This is often used to criticize someone's public behavior. Understanding these collocations helps you sound more like a native speaker and less like a translation software. Portuguese is a language of 'scenes' and 'crises' when it comes to emotions, and ciúme is at the heart of many of them.

O cachorro sentia ciúme sempre que o dono acariciava o gato.

If you are diving into Portuguese culture, ciúme is unavoidable. It is a cornerstone of musical lyrics, dramatic dialogues, and everyday gossip. From the melancholic streets of Lisbon to the vibrant beaches of Rio de Janeiro, the concept of jealousy is woven into the social fabric. You will hear it in the soulful strains of Fado, where 'ciúme' is often paired with 'saudade' (longing) to describe the pain of a lost or threatened love. In Brazil, the genre of 'Sertanejo'—a type of Brazilian country music—is practically built on stories of 'ciúme', betrayal, and heartbreak.

'O ciúme é o perfume do amor' – a famous, though controversial, saying in some Portuguese-speaking circles.

Translation: Jealousy is the perfume of love.

In the world of telenovelas (soap operas), ciúme is a primary plot driver. Characters are often defined by their 'ciúme doentio' (pathological jealousy), leading to dramatic confrontations, secret spying, and intense reconciliations. If you watch a show like 'Avenida Brasil' or 'O Clone', you will hear the word used in almost every episode. It serves as a shorthand for emotional depth and conflict. Outside of fiction, you will hear it in family settings. A grandmother might say to a grandchild, 'Não tenha ciúmes do seu irmão' (Don't be jealous of your brother).

In Literature: The great Brazilian writer Machado de Assis explored ciúme profoundly in his masterpiece 'Dom Casmurro'. The entire plot hinges on the protagonist's obsessive ciúme, making it a central theme in Luso-Brazilian literary studies.
News and Media: Unfortunately, ciúme also appears in more serious contexts, such as news reports about 'crimes passionais' (crimes of passion). Media outlets often use the term 'motivado por ciúmes' to explain the motive behind certain interpersonal conflicts.

Naquela música antiga, o cantor diz que o ciúme é uma fonte de dor eterna.

In social gatherings, you might hear friends teasing each other: 'Ih, está com ciúmes?' (Oh, are you jealous?). It is a common way to poke fun at someone who seems protective of a friend or a plate of food. The word is versatile enough to be used lightheartedly or with extreme gravity. Whether you are reading a classic novel or scrolling through Brazilian Twitter, ciúme is a keyword for understanding the emotional landscape of the Lusophone world.

O ciúme excessivo pode destruir as amizades mais antigas.

For English speakers, the most frequent error when using ciúme is a conceptual one: confusing it with inveja. In English, 'jealous' is often used to mean 'envious' (e.g., 'I'm jealous of your new car'). In Portuguese, this is strictly incorrect. If you want someone's car, you have inveja. If you are afraid your best friend will start liking someone else more than you, you have ciúme. Using ciúme when you mean inveja sounds very strange to native ears.

Errado: Eu tenho ciúme do seu novo iPhone. (Unless you think the iPhone belongs to you and someone is taking it!)

Correct: Eu tenho inveja do seu novo iPhone.

Another common mistake is the grammatical structure. English speakers often try to use the verb 'to be' (ser/estar) with ciúme. You cannot say 'Eu estou ciúme'. You must say 'Eu estou com ciúme' (I am with jealousy) or 'Eu tenho ciúme' (I have jealousy). Alternatively, you can use the adjective ciumento: 'Eu sou ciumento'. Mixing these up is a hallmark of a beginner learner.

Preposition Errors: Learners often use 'por' or 'para' instead of 'de'. 'Tenho ciúme por você' is incorrect. It must always be 'de você'. The feeling originates *from* the person's actions or existence in your life, hence 'de'.
Singular vs. Plural Confusion: While both are correct, using only the singular 'ciúme' in casual conversation can sound slightly stiff or overly formal. Brazilians, in particular, almost always use the plural 'ciúmes' in a general sense. 'Estou com ciúmes' sounds much more natural than 'Estou com ciúme'.

Não confunda ciúme com falta de confiança, embora eles andem juntos.

Finally, avoid overusing the word. In some cultures, 'jealousy' is a light word, but in Portuguese, ciúme often implies a deep, sometimes painful emotion. If you just want to say you're 'envious' of a friend's vacation, stick to 'que inveja!' (what envy/I'm so jealous!). Reserving ciúme for its proper context—fear of loss in a relationship—will make your Portuguese much more precise and culturally attuned.

Muitos alunos dizem 'tenho ciúme do seu carro', mas o correto é 'inveja'.

While ciúme is the most direct word for jealousy, Portuguese offers several alternatives and related terms that can add precision to your speech. Depending on the intensity and the context, you might choose a different word to describe this complex emotion. Understanding these nuances will help you move from an A2 level to a more advanced B1 or B2 level of expression.

Inveja vs. Ciúme: Inveja is the desire for something someone else possesses. Ciúme is the fear of losing something you already have. They are often confused but linguistically distinct. Example: 'Tenho inveja da sua inteligência' vs. 'Tenho ciúme do meu namorado'.
Zelo: Zelo means care, zeal, or diligence. It is the 'positive' side of jealousy. It implies a desire to protect and take care of something. A mother has zelo for her child. In some contexts, ciúme can be replaced by zelo to sound more positive and less possessive.
Possessividade: Possessividade (possessiveness) is a more clinical or critical term. While ciúme is the feeling, possessividade is the behavior that often results from it. It is almost always used negatively.

O que você chama de ciúme, eu chamo de cuidado e zelo.

For more informal situations, you might use the word recalque (slang, especially in Brazil). While it technically means 'repression' in psychoanalysis, in modern Brazilian slang, it refers to a mixture of envy and petty jealousy, often directed at someone's success or appearance. 'Beijinho no ombro para o recalque passar longe' is a famous pop culture line about dismissing this kind of petty jealousy.

Ele sente ciúme de qualquer pessoa que se aproxime do seu círculo social.

Another related word is desconfiança (distrust). Often, ciúme is rooted in desconfiança. If a partner is jealous, they are often described as being 'desconfiado'. Lastly, 'insegurança' (insecurity) is the psychological root often cited for ciúme. In a therapy session or a deep conversation, you might hear: 'Meu ciúme vem da minha insegurança'.

A inveja foca no que falta; o ciúme foca no que se pode perder.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word originally had a positive connotation of 'zeal' or 'dedication' before evolving into the modern sense of 'jealousy'.

发音指南

UK /siˈu.mi/

US /siˈu.mi/

The stress is on the second syllable: ci-Ú-me.

押韵词

volume costume lume queixume betume cardume vagalume perfume

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'c' as a 'k' sound.
Forgetting the stress on the 'u'.
Pronouncing the final 'e' as a strong 'ay' like in 'café'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize in text due to common usage.

写作 3/5

Requires remembering the accent and the correct preposition 'de'.

口语 3/5

Pronunciation is key, especially the stressed 'ú'.

听力 2/5

Very common in songs and TV shows.

接下来学什么

前置知识

sentimento amor ter de pessoa

接下来学习

inveja zelo desconfiança apaixonado traição

高级

possessividade retroativo patológico epifenómeno

需要掌握的语法

Preposition 'de' with emotions

Tenho medo de... / Tenho ciúme de...

Plural of nouns ending in 'e'

Ciúme -> Ciúmes

Adjective agreement (gender/number)

Ele é ciumento / Ela é ciumenta

Use of 'estar com' for temporary states

Estou com ciúmes (right now).

Accentuation of tonic 'u' in hiatus

Ci-ú-me (The 'u' is alone in the syllable).

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按水平分级的例句

Eu tenho ciúme.

I have jealousy (I am jealous).

Uses the verb 'ter' (to have).

Você tem ciúme de mim?

Are you jealous of me?

Question form with 'de mim'.

O gato tem ciúme do cachorro.

The cat is jealous of the dog.

Masculine noun 'o ciúme'.

Ela não tem ciúme.

She is not jealous.

Negative structure with 'não'.

Meu irmão é muito ciumento.

My brother is very jealous.

Adjective 'ciumento' matches masculine 'irmão'.

Ciúme é um sentimento.

Jealousy is a feeling.

Noun used as a subject.

Eu sinto ciúme.

I feel jealousy.

Uses the verb 'sentir' (to feel).

Não tenha ciúmes!

Don't be jealous!

Imperative form of 'ter'.

Ela está com ciúmes da melhor amiga.

She is jealous of her best friend.

Uses 'estar com' (to be with) + plural 'ciúmes'.

O menino tem ciúmes do novo brinquedo do colega.

The boy is jealous of his classmate's new toy.

'Ciúmes' is often pluralized in common speech.

Por que você tem tanto ciúme do seu carro?

Why are you so jealous/protective of your car?

Use of 'tanto' (so much) as an intensifier.

Eu não gosto quando você faz cenas de ciúme.

I don't like it when you make scenes of jealousy.

Common phrase 'fazer cenas de ciúme'.

O pai tem ciúme da filha.

The father is jealous/protective of his daughter.

Contraction 'da' (de + a).

É normal sentir um pouco de ciúme.

It is normal to feel a little bit of jealousy.

'Um pouco de' (a little bit of).

Ele morreu de ciúmes quando a viu com outro.

He was extremely jealous when he saw her with someone else.

Idiom 'morrer de ciúmes'.

Você é uma pessoa ciumenta?

Are you a jealous person?

Feminine adjective 'ciumenta'.

O ciúme excessivo pode arruinar qualquer relação.

Excessive jealousy can ruin any relationship.

Adjective 'excessivo' modifying 'ciúme'.

Ela tentou esconder o ciúme, mas não conseguiu.

She tried to hide the jealousy, but she couldn't.

Verb 'esconder' (to hide).

Sempre tive ciúmes da facilidade com que ele aprende línguas.

I've always been jealous of the ease with which he learns languages.

Present perfect 'tenho tido' or simple past 'tive'.

Não é ciúme, é apenas cuidado com o que é meu.

It's not jealousy, it's just care for what is mine.

Contrast between 'ciúme' and 'cuidado'.

O ciúme fraterno é muito comum em famílias grandes.

Sibling jealousy is very common in large families.

Adjective 'fraterno' (related to siblings).

Ele provocou ciúmes nela de propósito.

He made her jealous on purpose.

Verb 'provocar' (to provoke/cause).

A desconfiança é a base do ciúme doentio.

Distrust is the basis of pathological jealousy.

Abstract noun 'desconfiança'.

Controlar o ciúme é um desafio para muitas pessoas.

Controlling jealousy is a challenge for many people.

Infinitive 'controlar' as a subject.

O protagonista do livro é consumido pelo ciúme.

The book's protagonist is consumed by jealousy.

Passive voice 'ser consumido por'.

Há uma linha tênue entre o zelo e o ciúme possessivo.

There is a fine line between care and possessive jealousy.

Expression 'linha tênue' (fine line).

Muitas vezes, o ciúme é apenas um reflexo da nossa própria insegurança.

Often, jealousy is just a reflection of our own insecurity.

Adverbial phrase 'muitas vezes'.

A peça de teatro explora as consequências trágicas do ciúme.

The play explores the tragic consequences of jealousy.

Verb 'explorar' (to explore).

Ele sentia um ciúme retroativo das relações passadas dela.

He felt retroactive jealousy of her past relationships.

Specific term 'ciúme retroativo'.

O ciúme pode se manifestar de diversas formas na infância.

Jealousy can manifest in various ways during childhood.

Reflexive verb 'manifestar-se'.

Ela superou o ciúme através da terapia e do autoconhecimento.

She overcame jealousy through therapy and self-knowledge.

Verb 'superar' (to overcome).

O ciúme é um tema recorrente na literatura brasileira.

Jealousy is a recurring theme in Brazilian literature.

Adjective 'recorrente' (recurring).

A natureza corrosiva do ciúme desgasta os alicerces da confiança.

The corrosive nature of jealousy wears away the foundations of trust.

Metaphorical use of 'corrosiva' and 'alicerces'.

Machado de Assis retratou o ciúme como uma força devastadora em 'Dom Casmurro'.

Machado de Assis portrayed jealousy as a devastating force in 'Dom Casmurro'.

Literary reference.

Não se deve confundir o ciúme legítimo com a patologia da posse.

One should not confuse legitimate jealousy with the pathology of possession.

Impersonal 'se' construction.

O ciúme intelectual pode ser tão prejudicial quanto o romântico.

Intellectual jealousy can be as harmful as romantic jealousy.

Comparative 'tão... quanto'.

A despeito do seu ciúme, ele permitiu que ela viajasse sozinha.

Despite his jealousy, he allowed her to travel alone.

Concessive phrase 'a despeito de'.

O ciúme é frequentemente uma projeção de nossos próprios desejos reprimidos.

Jealousy is frequently a projection of our own repressed desires.

Psychological terminology.

Sublimar o ciúme em arte é uma forma de cura.

Sublimating jealousy into art is a form of healing.

Verb 'sublimar' (to sublimate).

O ciúme, quando exacerbado, oblitera a razão.

Jealousy, when exacerbated, obliterates reason.

Advanced vocabulary like 'exacerbado' and 'oblitera'.

A ontologia do ciúme reside na percepção da alteridade como ameaça.

The ontology of jealousy lies in the perception of otherness as a threat.

Philosophical register.

O ciúme é o epifenómeno de uma estrutura psíquica carencial.

Jealousy is the epiphenomenon of a deficient psychic structure.

Scientific/Psychological register.

Na lírica camoniana, o ciúme surge como um tormento inerente ao amar.

In Camonian lyric poetry, jealousy emerges as a torment inherent to loving.

Reference to Luís de Camões.

A onipresença do ciúme nas relações humanas sugere uma raiz evolutiva.

The omnipresence of jealousy in human relations suggests an evolutionary root.

Sophisticated subject-verb agreement.

O ciúme é a sombra que o amor projeta sob a luz da dúvida.

Jealousy is the shadow that love projects under the light of doubt.

Metaphorical complexity.

Desconstruir o ciúme exige uma análise profunda das dinâmicas de poder.

Deconstructing jealousy requires a deep analysis of power dynamics.

Infinitive phrase as a subject.

O ciúme, em sua acepção mais arcaica, estava ligado à honra familiar.

Jealousy, in its most archaic sense, was linked to family honor.

Historical analysis.

A fenomenologia do ciúme revela a fragilidade do ego diante do Outro.

The phenomenology of jealousy reveals the fragility of the ego before the Other.

Phenomenological terminology.

常见搭配

ter ciúme

morrer de ciúme

crise de ciúme

cena de ciúme

ciúme doentio

ciúme possessivo

sentir ciúme

provocar ciúme

ciúme fraterno

ataque de ciúme

常用短语

Estou com ciúmes.

— I am feeling jealous right now.

Estou com ciúmes porque você não me ligou.

Ciúme de posse.

— A type of jealousy where you treat the person like an object.

Isso não é amor, é ciúme de posse.

Não tenha ciúme.

— Don't be jealous.

Não tenha ciúme, ele é só meu amigo.

Ciúme bobo.

— Silly or minor jealousy.

Foi só um ciúme bobo, já passou.

Roer-se de ciúme.

— To be eating oneself up with jealousy.

Ele está se roendo de ciúme por dentro.

Ciúmes do passado.

— Jealousy regarding a partner's previous relationships.

Ter ciúmes do passado não faz sentido.

Cego de ciúme.

— Blinded by jealousy.

Ele agiu sem pensar, cego de ciúme.

Um pouquinho de ciúme.

— A little bit of jealousy.

Um pouquinho de ciúme faz bem ao amor.

Sem ciúmes.

— Without jealousy / No hard feelings.

Podemos conversar sem ciúmes?

O monstro do ciúme.

— The monster of jealousy (referring to its destructive nature).

O monstro do ciúme atacou novamente.

容易混淆的词

ciúme vs inveja

Inveja is wanting what others have; ciúme is fearing loss of what you have.

ciúme vs zelo

Zelo is a positive care/protection; ciúme is often negative/insecure.

ciúme vs cuidado

Cuidado is general care; ciúme is specifically about relationships/possession.

习语与表达

"Morrer de ciúmes"

— To be extremely jealous.

Ele morre de ciúmes da namorada.

Informal

"Fazer cena"

— To make a public scene (often due to jealousy).

Ela fez uma cena no restaurante.

Informal

"Ver chifre em cabeça de cavalo"

— To look for problems where they don't exist (often related to jealousy/infidelity).

Você está vendo chifre em cabeça de cavalo, eu não fiz nada!

Slang/Informal

"Pôr minhocas na cabeça"

— To start imagining things (often suspicious/jealous thoughts).

Não ponha minhocas na cabeça, eu te amo.

Informal

"Estar com a pulga atrás da orelha"

— To be suspicious (often a precursor to jealousy).

Fiquei com a pulga atrás da orelha depois daquela ligação.

Informal

"Dar um chilique"

— To have a tantrum or fit (often out of jealousy).

Ele deu um chilique quando me viu com o Paulo.

Informal

"Cozinhar em banho-maria"

— To keep someone waiting or in a state of uncertainty (can provoke jealousy).

Ela o está cozinhando em banho-maria.

Informal

"Pisar em ovos"

— To walk on eggshells (often around a jealous person).

Tenho que pisar em ovos quando falo com ele.

Informal

"Amor e ciúme, tudo é um"

— Love and jealousy are the same thing (proverb).

Como diz o ditado: amor e ciúme, tudo é um.

Proverbial

"O ciúme é o perfume do amor"

— Jealousy is the scent/essence of love (suggesting it's natural).

Muitos acreditam que o ciúme é o perfume do amor.

Poetic/Common saying

容易混淆

ciúme vs inveja

English uses 'jealous' for both.

Inveja = Envy (objects/status). Ciúme = Jealousy (relationships).

Tenho inveja do seu carro. Tenho ciúme da minha esposa.

ciúme vs ciumento

Noun vs Adjective.

Ciúme is the noun (jealousy). Ciumento is the adjective (jealous).

Ele tem ciúme. Ele é ciumento.

ciúme vs zelo

Both involve protection.

Zelo is positive/diligent. Ciúme is emotional/insecure.

Trabalho com zelo. Sofro de ciúme.

ciúme vs desconfiança

Often occur together.

Desconfiança is lack of trust. Ciúme is the resulting feeling of threat.

Minha desconfiança gera ciúme.

ciúme vs possessividade

Similar behaviors.

Possessividade is the trait of wanting to own. Ciúme is the emotion.

Sua possessividade é pior que seu ciúme.

句型

Eu tenho ciúme.

[Sujeito] tem ciúme de [Objeto].

Ele tem ciúme de você.

Estar com ciúme de [Alguém].

Ela está com ciúmes da irmã.

Sentir um ciúme [Adjetivo].

Senti um ciúme repentino.

O ciúme que [Sujeito] sente por [Alguém].

O ciúme que ele sente por ela é obsessivo.

A despeito do ciúme...

A despeito do ciúme, ela sorriu.

Mixed

Fazer cena de ciúme.

Não faça cena de ciúme.

Mixed

Morrer de ciúme.

Vou morrer de ciúmes!

词族

名词

ciúme

ciumeira (informal/annoying jealousy)

动词

enciumar (to make someone jealous)

enciumar-se (to become jealous)

形容词

ciumento

enciumado

如何使用

frequency

Very high in romantic and family contexts.

常见错误

Eu sou ciúme. → Eu tenho ciúme / Eu sou ciumento.
You cannot 'be' the noun; you must 'have' it or use the adjective.
Tenho ciúme para você. → Tenho ciúme de você.
The correct preposition is always 'de'.
Tenho ciúme do seu sucesso. → Tenho inveja do seu sucesso.
Success is something others have; use 'inveja'.
O ciume é ruim. → O ciúme é ruim.
Missing the accent on the 'ú'.
Ela fez um ciúme. → Ela fez uma cena de ciúme.
You don't 'make a jealousy'; you 'make a scene'.

小贴士

The Preposition Rule

Always remember to use 'de' after 'ciúme'. 'Tenho ciúme DE você'.

Telenovela Vocabulary

If you watch Brazilian soaps, 'ciúme' is a key word for understanding the drama.

Plural is Natural

Use 'ciúmes' when talking to friends to sound more like a native.

Ciúme vs Inveja

Don't say you have 'ciúme' of a friend's new shoes unless you think they are yours!

The Accent Matters

The 'ú' in 'ciúme' needs that accent mark to show the stress.

Root of the Word

Understanding that it comes from 'zeal' helps explain its intensity.

Estar com vs Ter

'Estou com ciúmes' is for right now. 'Tenho ciúmes' can be a general trait.

Teasing

'Está com ciúmes?' is a common way to tease friends.

Dom Casmurro

Read this book if you want to see the ultimate study of 'ciúme' in Portuguese.

Song Lyrics

Listen for 'ciúme' in Fado and Sertanejo to hear different emotional tones.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'See you, me!' - You are jealous because you want the person to only 'see' 'me'.

视觉联想

Imagine a green-eyed monster (monstro de olhos verdes) holding onto a heart with a lock.

Word Web

amor medo perda insegurança relação ciumento inveja zelo

挑战

Try to use 'ciúme' in three different sentences: one about a partner, one about a sibling, and one about an object.

词源

From the Vulgar Latin 'zelumen', which comes from the Classical Latin 'zelus'.

原始含义： Zeal, ardor, or intense effort.

Romance (Latin root).

文化背景

Be careful when discussing jealousy, as it can be a sensitive topic related to domestic control or mental health.

English speakers often use 'jealous' for both 'ciúme' and 'inveja'. In Portuguese, you must be careful to separate them.

Dom Casmurro by Machado de Assis Othello (Otelo) by Shakespeare (translated) Música 'Ciumeira' by Marília Mendonça

在生活中练习

真实语境

Romantic Relationships

Você é ciumento?
Não tenha ciúme.
Crise de ciúme.
Morrer de ciúmes.

Family

Ciúme do irmão.
Ciúme dos pais.
Ciúme fraterno.
Não tenha ciúmes do bebê.

Work

Ciúme profissional.
Ciúme do cargo.
Ciúme de projetos.
Ter ciúme da atenção do chefe.

Friendships

Ciúme de amigos.
Ciúme da melhor amiga.
Sinto ciúmes quando você sai com eles.
Ciúme bobo entre amigos.

Pets

O cachorro é ciumento.
Ciúme do dono.
O gato sente ciúme.
Cuidado com o ciúme do pet.

对话开场白

"Você se considera uma pessoa que tem muito ciúme?"

"Qual é a sua opinião sobre o ciúme em um relacionamento?"

"Você já sentiu ciúme de um amigo ou amiga?"

"Como você lida quando alguém tem ciúme de você?"

"Você acha que um pouco de ciúme é saudável?"

日记主题

Escreva sobre uma vez que você sentiu muito ciúme de algo ou alguém.

O ciúme é uma prova de amor ou uma prova de insegurança? Justifique.

Descreva como você se sente fisicamente quando está com ciúmes.

Como a sociedade retrata o ciúme nos filmes e nas músicas?

Pense em um objeto que você tem ciúme e explique o porquê.

常见问题

10 个问题

Not necessarily. In some contexts, it is seen as a sign of caring ('zelo'), but generally, it implies insecurity.

In daily conversation, 'ciúmes' (plural) is much more natural. 'Ciúme' (singular) is more formal or literary.

You can say 'Estou com ciúmes' or 'Sou ciumento/a'.

Use 'ciúme' for people/relationships you fear losing. Use 'inveja' for things others have that you want.

Yes, if you are very protective of it and don't want others touching or using it.

It's an idiom meaning 'to be extremely jealous'.

It is masculine: 'o ciúme'.

It is pronounced see-OO-mee.

It means 'pathological' or 'sick' jealousy that is harmful.

There is 'enciumar-se', but it is less common than 'ter ciúmes'.

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