C1 · 高级 章节 53

Advanced Word Formation

1 总规则
10 例句
1 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of Russian word-building to express complex concepts with elegance and precision.

  • Analyze the productivity of the -ировать suffix in modern discourse.
  • Construct abstract nouns using the -ость marker.
  • Decode complex compound structures to expand your vocabulary range.
Unlock the generative power of Russian morphology.

你将学到什么

Deconstructing complex compound words. Productive morphological processes.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: convert abstract concepts into precise Russian terminology using productive suffixes.

关键例句 (2)

1

Мне нужно это погуглить перед встречей.

I need to google this before the meeting.

俄语构词法：创造新单词 (-ировать, -ость)
2

Этот сериал — полная кринжатина.

This series is total cringe.

俄语构词法：创造新单词 (-ировать, -ость)

技巧与窍门 (1)

🎯

The -ость Secret

If you need an abstract noun and don't know it, take the adjective and add -ость. It works 90% of the time for modern concepts.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语构词法：创造新单词 (-ировать, -ость)

核心词汇 (5)

актуализировать to actualize/update необходимость necessity дифференцировать to differentiate безопасность safety/security оптимизировать to optimize

Real-World Preview

briefcase

Corporate Strategy Meeting

Review Summary

  • Root + -ировать (verb) / Root + -ость (noun)

常见错误

The suffix is -ировать, not -изациять. The latter is a mix of the noun suffix and the verb suffix.

Wrong: Оптимизациять
正确: Оптимизировать

You only need one -ость suffix. Double suffixing is a common error for learners.

Wrong: Важностьсть
正确: Важность

Remember to keep the 'и' before the 'ровать' suffix.

Wrong: Анализровать
正确: Анализировать

Next Steps

You are now capable of manipulating Russian at a high academic level. Keep pushing your limits!

Read a tech article and identify all -ировать verbs.

Continue to: Dialectal and Regional Variations

快速练习 (3)

Which word correctly describes a person who works in the IT sphere using a productive suffix?

Как называют человека, который работает в IT?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Айтишник
The suffix '-ник' is highly productive for identifying people by their field of work or interests.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语构词法：创造新单词 (-ировать, -ость)

Convert the English root 'Post' into a Russian perfective verb meaning 'to post something'.

Я вчера ___ (post) новую фотку в Телеграм.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: запостил
The prefix 'за-' plus the root 'пост' and suffix '-ил' is the standard way to create the perfective 'to post'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语构词法：创造新单词 (-ировать, -ость)

Fix the unnatural word choice for a modern context.

Find and fix the mistake:

Мой брат — отличный компьютеровещатель.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Мой брат — отличный компьютерщик.
'-щик' is the productive suffix for someone working with technical equipment.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语构词法：创造新单词 (-ировать, -ость)

Score: /3

常见问题 (2)

It means the pattern is 'active' and can be used to create new words from new roots. For example, '-ировать' is productive because we can use it with new tech like 'Zoom' to make 'зумировать'.
Mostly with those that describe an action that can be sudden or intense. You can say 'крикнуть' (to shout), and slangily 'крикануть' for a sudden burst of laughter or shouting.
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