هذه الصفحة بلغتك
English فارسی Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português 中文 हिन्दी
B1 adjective 11 دقيقة للقراءة

نامشروع

na-mashru'
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح نامشروع في 30 ثانية
الشرح نامشروع in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic vocabulary. Words like نامشروع are far beyond the scope of A1 learning. At this stage, learners are focused on survival phrases, greetings, and identifying common objects and people. They are not yet equipped to understand or use abstract concepts like legitimacy or illegality. The vocabulary typically encountered at A1 includes everyday items, family members, basic actions, and simple descriptions. Concepts requiring an understanding of societal rules or legal frameworks are too complex. Therefore, any exposure to نامشروع at A1 would likely be through very simplified, context-free examples that wouldn't facilitate true comprehension. The focus is on building foundational recognition of sounds and simple word-meaning associations for high-frequency, concrete terms.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
For A2 learners, vocabulary expands to cover more familiar everyday situations, such as shopping, asking for directions, and describing personal information. While they can understand simple sentences and common expressions, abstract concepts like 'illegitimate' or 'unlawful' are still generally too advanced. Their vocabulary is focused on concrete nouns, verbs, and adjectives that describe immediate surroundings and personal experiences. They can talk about their job, their likes and dislikes, and their immediate family. The concept of 'law' or 'authorization' is not yet a part of their active or passive vocabulary in any meaningful way. Exposure to نامشروع at A2 would likely be limited to very basic recognition in highly controlled sentences, perhaps as part of a vocabulary list for advanced A2 learners, but true comprehension and usage would be rare. The emphasis remains on practical, everyday communication.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the B1 CEFR level, learners are developing the ability to understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. They can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') falls into this category as it relates to concepts of legitimacy and legality, which are often encountered in news, discussions about societal rules, and formal contexts. Learners at B1 can begin to understand the core meaning of 'not authorized by law' or 'illegitimate.' They might encounter this word in news articles discussing illegal activities, in discussions about formal agreements, or in contexts where legitimacy is questioned. While they may not use it fluently or in all its nuanced applications, they should be able to grasp its general sense and recognize it in context. The ability to understand such words signifies a move towards processing more abstract and formal language.
B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. For نامشروع, B2 learners should not only understand its meaning but also its connotations and appropriate usage in various formal and semi-formal contexts. They can distinguish it from similar terms like 'illegal' or 'unethical' and use it accurately when discussing legal matters, social issues, or formal proceedings. They can analyze texts where this word appears and understand the author's intent regarding the legitimacy or illegality of a subject. Their comprehension extends to recognizing the word's potential sensitivity, especially when referring to individuals or sensitive social topics.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
C1 level learners have a command of a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. نامشروع would be well within their grasp. They can understand and use the word in its full range of meanings, including subtle nuances and implied meanings. They can analyze its use in complex literary, legal, or political texts, understanding its impact on tone and argument. They can also employ it effectively in their own writing and speaking to convey precise meanings related to illegitimacy, lack of authorization, or violation of established norms. Their understanding extends to recognizing cultural and historical contexts where the term might be used.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
At the C2 level, learners have an ease of understanding almost everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently, and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations. For نامشروع, C2 learners would have a complete mastery. They would understand its etymological roots, its historical usage, its precise legal definitions, and its socio-cultural implications. They could differentiate its usage from highly technical legal jargon to more subtle implications in literary works. They would be able to use it with absolute precision to convey the most nuanced shades of meaning, recognizing its potential impact and appropriateness in any given situation.
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل
تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

نامشروع في 30 ثانية

  • Means not authorized by law; illegitimate.
  • Used for actions, statuses, or entities lacking legal standing.
  • Often found in legal, formal, or serious discussions.
  • Conveys a negative connotation of illegality or lack of legitimacy.
The Persian word نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') is an adjective that translates to 'illegitimate' or 'unlawful' in English. It describes something that is not authorized by law, or is otherwise not sanctioned or recognized by legitimate authority. This term often carries a connotation of being outside the bounds of what is considered proper or legal, and it can be applied to various situations, including relationships, actions, or even offspring. Understanding its nuances is crucial for comprehending formal and sometimes sensitive discussions in Persian. For instance, when discussing legal matters, societal norms, or even certain historical contexts, you might encounter this word. It's important to note that while 'illegitimate' can sometimes refer specifically to children born outside of marriage, نامشروع can also extend to actions or entities that lack legal or proper standing. This breadth of meaning makes it a versatile, albeit sometimes serious, term in the Persian lexicon. The word is composed of two parts: 'نام' (nâm), meaning 'name' or 'reputation,' and 'مشروع' (mashrû'), meaning 'legitimate,' 'lawful,' or 'sanctioned.' Therefore, literally, 'نامشروع' suggests something that lacks a legitimate name or standing. This etymological insight can help in remembering its core meaning. The CEFR level for this word is B1, indicating that learners at an intermediate stage should be familiar with its usage. It's a word that requires careful consideration of context to grasp its full implication.
Formal Usage
In legal and official documents, نامشروع is used to denote actions or statuses that violate established laws or regulations. For example, an activity conducted without the necessary permits might be described as نامشروع.
Societal Context
Beyond strict legal definitions, نامشروع can also refer to things that are considered socially unacceptable or morally questionable according to prevailing norms. This can sometimes extend to relationships or practices that deviate from traditional or accepted societal structures.
Etymology
The word is derived from Arabic: 'اسم' (ism) meaning 'name' and 'شرعي' (shar'i) meaning 'lawful' or 'religious law.' In Persian, 'نام' (nâm) is used instead of 'اسم' and 'مشروع' (mashrû') is the adjective form. So, 'نامشروع' literally means 'unlawful name' or 'illegitimate standing.' This connection to law and legitimacy is central to its meaning.

The transaction was deemed نامشروع by the authorities because it lacked proper documentation.

Using نامشروع correctly involves understanding its grammatical function as an adjective and the contexts in which it's most appropriate. It typically modifies nouns, describing them as illegitimate, unlawful, or unauthorized. The word can be placed directly before a noun or after a linking verb like 'است' (ast - is) or 'بود' (bood - was). When used in formal settings, such as legal discussions or official reports, نامشروع conveys a strong sense of illegality or lack of authorization. For example, a business activity that bypasses regulatory requirements would be considered نامشروع. In more general contexts, it can describe actions or situations that are not sanctioned by societal norms or established authorities. It's important to remember that this word can carry a serious or negative connotation, so its usage should be deliberate and context-aware. The CEFR B1 level suggests that learners at this stage can use it to express opinions or describe situations that are not perfectly legal or proper. For instance, one might say that a particular agreement felt نامشروع if it seemed unfair or lacked transparency. When constructing sentences, consider the subject you are describing. If it's a business deal, a government action, or a personal undertaking, نامشروع can aptly describe its illegitimate nature. The word is not typically used in casual, everyday conversation unless the topic is serious and requires such a descriptor. Its formal origin and meaning lend it a certain gravity.
Describing Actions
نامشروع can be used to describe actions that are against the law or accepted principles. For instance, 'این عمل نامشروع بود' (This action was unlawful).
Describing Status
It can also describe a status that is not legally recognized. For example, 'فرزند نامشروع' (illegitimate child), though this usage is often sensitive.
Describing Entities
An organization or group operating without proper authorization could be described as نامشروع. 'این سازمان نامشروع است' (This organization is illegitimate).

The company's expansion plans were considered نامشروع because they violated zoning laws.

نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') is a word you're likely to encounter in settings that deal with legalities, formal regulations, and sometimes sensitive social issues. It's not a word you'd typically hear in casual chit-chat about the weather or weekend plans. Instead, its usage is often tied to more serious discussions. You might hear it in news reports discussing illegal activities, corrupt dealings, or unauthorized ventures. For instance, a news anchor might report on a نامشروع business operation that has been shut down by the authorities. Legal professionals, such as lawyers and judges, would use this term in court proceedings or legal analyses to describe actions or entities that lack legal standing. Think of a lawyer arguing that a particular contract is نامشروع due to fraud or coercion. In academic discussions, particularly in fields like law, sociology, or political science, نامشروع might be used to analyze societal structures or historical events where legitimacy was a key issue. For example, a historian might discuss the نامشروع nature of a certain regime that came to power through a coup. While the term can be used in relation to offspring born outside of marriage (فرزند نامشروع - فرزند-e-nâm-e-mashrû'), this specific application is often avoided in polite or formal conversation due to its sensitive and potentially stigmatizing nature. However, in legal or historical contexts, this meaning might still be relevant. You could also find it in official government documents, policy papers, or regulatory filings where clarity on legality and authorization is paramount. For example, a government agency might issue a statement declaring a particular practice as نامشروع. The word's formal tone and specific meaning make it a key term in understanding official discourse and critical analyses in Persian.
Legal and Governmental Contexts
In courtrooms, government offices, and legal documents, نامشروع is used to define actions or statuses that are not in accordance with the law.
News and Media
Journalists and news outlets use نامشروع when reporting on illegal activities, scams, or unauthorized operations.
Academic Discourse
In academic settings, especially in law, sociology, and political science, the term might appear in analyses of legitimacy and power structures.
Discussions on Social Norms
While sensitive, it can appear in discussions about societal structures that deviate from established norms, though often with careful phrasing.

The report highlighted several نامشروع financial dealings within the company.

Learners of Persian often make mistakes when using نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') because its meaning is quite specific and carries a strong connotation. One of the most common errors is using it too broadly or in situations where a milder term would be more appropriate. For example, mistaking نامشروع for simply 'wrong' or 'bad' without the specific implication of illegality or lack of authorization. It's crucial to remember that نامشروع is about legitimacy and lawfulness. Another mistake is using it in casual conversation where it sounds overly formal or even accusatory. Persian, like many languages, has a spectrum of formality, and نامشروع firmly sits on the formal and serious end. Using it to describe something merely inconvenient or slightly annoying would be inappropriate. For instance, calling a delayed train نامشروع would be incorrect and sound quite strange. Some learners might also confuse it with words that mean 'forbidden' (حرام - harâm) in a religious sense, or 'unethical' (غیراخلاقی - gheyr-e-akhlâqî). While there can be overlap, نامشروع specifically points to a lack of legal or official sanction. A religiously forbidden act might not necessarily be نامشروع in a legal sense, and vice versa. Furthermore, when referring to offspring, the phrase 'فرزند نامشروع' (farzand-e-nâm-e-mashrû') is a direct translation of 'illegitimate child.' However, this phrasing is highly sensitive and often considered impolite or offensive in many contexts. While it might appear in legal or historical texts, it's generally advisable for learners to avoid using it in personal or social interactions unless absolutely necessary and with extreme caution. A more neutral or empathetic phrasing would be preferred in most situations. Finally, learners might incorrectly assume that نامشروع can be used interchangeably with words related to 'outsider' or 'stranger.' This is incorrect; نامشروع is about legitimacy, not about belonging to an out-group.
Overuse in Casual Contexts
Using نامشروع to describe something merely inconvenient or slightly wrong, instead of something actually illegal or unauthorized, is a common mistake. It is a strong word with a specific meaning.
Confusing with 'Forbidden' or 'Unethical'
While related, نامشروع specifically refers to a lack of legal or official sanction, not necessarily religious prohibition (حرام) or general unethical behavior (غیراخلاقی).
Misapplication to Offspring
The phrase 'فرزند نامشروع' is a direct translation but is often considered insensitive and impolite in everyday conversation. Learners should exercise extreme caution or avoid it altogether.
Using it for 'Outsider' Status
نامشروع does not mean someone or something is an outsider; it strictly pertains to legitimacy and legality.

Incorrect: The traffic jam felt نامشروع.

Correct: The traffic jam was inconvenient.

Understanding words similar to نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') helps in appreciating its precise meaning and choosing the most suitable term for a given context. نامشروع directly translates to 'illegitimate' or 'unlawful,' emphasizing a lack of legal or official sanction. It's a strong term often used in formal or legal contexts.

One closely related word is غیرقانونی (gheyr-e-qânûnî), which means 'illegal' or 'unlawful.' The distinction is subtle but important. غیرقانونی focuses purely on the violation of laws, whereas نامشروع can also imply a lack of legitimacy or authorization beyond just breaking a specific law. For instance, an action might be غیرقانونی because it breaks a traffic rule, but it might be considered نامشروع if it undermines a fundamental legal process.

Another term is باطل (bâṭel), meaning 'void' or 'null.' This word is typically used for contracts, agreements, or legal statuses that are considered invalid from the outset, often due to a fundamental flaw. If a contract is نامشروع, it might be declared باطل.

In a more social or moral sense, غیراخلاقی (gheyr-e-akhlâqî) means 'unethical' or 'immoral.' While many نامشروع actions are also غیراخلاقی, not all unethical actions are necessarily نامشروع in a legal sense. For example, lying might be unethical but not always illegal.

The word حرام (ḥarâm) means 'forbidden' in an Islamic context. Some actions that are نامشروع might also be considered حرام, but the basis of prohibition is different. حرام is based on religious law, while نامشروع is based on secular law or general legitimacy.

For describing offspring, while 'فرزند نامشروع' exists, it's often considered harsh. More neutral or euphemistic terms might be preferred in certain contexts, though these are less direct translations.

In summary, نامشروع is a robust term for illegitimacy and lack of authorization. When discussing legality, غیرقانونی is a common alternative, while باطل signifies invalidity. For moral judgments, غیراخلاقی is used, and religious prohibitions fall under حرام.
نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') vs. غیرقانونی (gheyr-e-qânûnî)
نامشروع: Illegitimate, not authorized by law or legitimacy. Can imply a broader lack of sanction.
غیرقانونی: Illegal, unlawful. Strictly refers to violation of laws.
Example: An action can be غیرقانونی (e.g., speeding) but not necessarily نامشروع in the sense of undermining the entire legal framework. A coup d'état would be both غیرقانونی and نامشروع.
نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') vs. باطل (bâṭel)
نامشروع: Illegitimate, lacking authorization.
باطل: Void, null. Often used for contracts or legal documents that are invalid from inception.
Example: A contract signed under duress might be considered نامشروع and subsequently declared باطل by a court.
نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') vs. غیراخلاقی (gheyr-e-akhlâqî)
نامشروع: Illegitimate, unlawful.
غیراخلاقی: Unethical, immoral.
Example: While many نامشروع acts are also غیراخلاقی, not all unethical acts are illegal. Spreading rumors might be غیراخلاقی but not necessarily نامشروع.
نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') vs. حرام (ḥarâm)
نامشروع: Illegitimate, unlawful (based on secular law or general legitimacy).
حرام: Forbidden (based on Islamic religious law).
Example: Consuming pork is حرام for Muslims. Engaging in insider trading is نامشروع and likely حرام as well.

The court declared the marriage باطل because it was performed without proper legal consent, making it نامشروع.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The concept of 'legitimacy' is deeply intertwined with 'name' and 'reputation' in many cultures. In Persian, this connection is made explicit in the word نامشروع, highlighting that something without a 'proper name' or 'recognized standing' is considered illegitimate. This etymology underscores the importance of formal recognition and lawful basis.

دليل النطق

UK /nɑːmeʃˈruː/
US /nɑːmeʃˈruː/
The stress is on the second syllable: na-me-SHROO'.
يتقافى مع
guru thru boo too shoe blue through clue crew do
أخطاء شائعة
  • Incorrectly pronouncing the 'aa' sound as a short 'a' like in 'cat'.
  • Not stressing the final syllable, leading to an unclear pronunciation.
  • Replacing the long 'oo' sound with a short 'u' sound.
  • Omitting the final 'r' sound or pronouncing it too softly.
  • Pronouncing the 'sh' sound incorrectly, perhaps as 's'.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3.5/5

At CEFR B1, learners can understand the main points of clear texts on familiar matters. <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> appears in formal texts, news, and legal contexts, which might be challenging but comprehensible for a B1 learner if the topic is familiar. The abstract nature requires careful contextual analysis.

الكتابة 3.5/5

B1 learners can produce simple connected text. Using <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> accurately requires understanding its specific legal and formal connotations, making it challenging for spontaneous writing. It's more likely to appear in structured essays or formal reports.

التحدث 3/5

B1 learners can deal with most situations likely to arise. Spontaneous use of <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> in speaking might be limited to discussions on familiar formal topics. Its serious nature might make learners hesitant to use it unless they are confident in its context.

الاستماع 3.5/5

B1 learners can understand the main points of clear standard speech. Listening to news reports or formal discussions where <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> is used should be manageable, provided the listener can follow the context.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

قانون (qânûn - law) مجوز (majâzez - permit) قانونی (qânûnî - legal) رسمی (rasmî - official) ممنوع (mamnû' - forbidden)

تعلّم لاحقاً

مشروعیت (mashrû'iyat - legitimacy) غیرقانونی (gheyr-e-qânûnî - illegal) باطل (bâṭel - void) مقبول (maqbûl - acceptable) مجاز (majâz - authorized)

متقدم

حقوقی (ḥoqûqî - legal, pertaining to law) نظام (nezâm - system, regime) قانون‌شکنی (qânûn-shekanî - law-breaking) فساد (fasâd - corruption) اختیار (ekhtiyâr - authority)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Adjective Placement

In Persian, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify. For example, 'قرارداد نامشروع' (contract illegitimate). This is a fundamental rule for using نامشروع correctly.

Use of 'است' (is) and 'بود' (was)

When the adjective follows a linking verb, it stands alone after the verb. Example: این عمل نامشروع است (This action is illegitimate). This pattern is common for describing states or qualities.

Adverbial Phrases

The phrase 'به طور نامشروع' (illegitimately) functions as an adverb, modifying verbs. Example: او به طور نامشروع ثروتمند شد (He became rich illegitimately).

Noun Formation

The suffix '-یت' (-iyat) can be added to form abstract nouns. For example, 'نامشروع' (adjective) becomes 'نامشروعیت' (illegitimacy).

Contextual Nuance

While نامشروع means illegitimate, its precise implication (legal violation, lack of authorization, social disapproval) depends heavily on the surrounding words and the overall context.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1

این قرارداد به دلیل عدم رعایت قوانین، نامشروع تلقی شد.

This contract was considered unlawful due to non-compliance with regulations.

Here, 'نامشروع' modifies 'قرارداد' (contract), indicating its illegality.

2

فعالیت‌های اقتصادی او بدون مجوز رسمی، نامشروع بود.

His economic activities were illegitimate without official permission.

'نامشروع' describes 'فعالیت‌های اقتصادی' (economic activities), emphasizing the lack of authorization.

3

برخی معتقدند که این نوع کسب و کار، نامشروع است.

Some believe that this type of business is illegitimate.

This sentence expresses an opinion about the legitimacy of a business.

4

حکومت قبلی به دلیل کودتا، نامشروع شناخته شد.

The previous government was recognized as illegitimate due to the coup.

'نامشروع' here refers to the legitimacy of a government.

5

بدون داشتن مدرک، این ادعا نامشروع است.

Without having proof, this claim is illegitimate.

The word qualifies 'ادعا' (claim), highlighting its lack of substantiation.

6

آنها سعی داشتند تا یک معامله نامشروع انجام دهند.

They tried to conduct an illegitimate deal.

'نامشروع' describes the nature of the 'معامله' (deal).

7

این روش پرداخت به دلیل عدم شفافیت، نامشروع به نظر می‌رسید.

This payment method seemed illegitimate due to lack of transparency.

'نامشروع' is used here with 'به نظر می‌رسید' (seemed) to express an impression of illegitimacy.

8

هرگونه اقدام خارج از قانون، نامشروع است.

Any action outside the law is illegitimate.

A general statement about actions outside legal boundaries.

1

دادگاه حکم داد که شرکت بدون مجوزهای لازم، فعالیت نامشروع داشته است.

The court ruled that the company had conducted illegitimate activities without the necessary permits.

Here, 'نامشروع' modifies 'فعالیت' (activities) and is used in a formal legal ruling.

2

او به دلیل انجام معاملات نامشروع، تحت تعقیب قضایی قرار گرفت.

He was prosecuted for conducting illegitimate transactions.

'نامشروع' describes 'معاملات' (transactions) in the context of legal prosecution.

3

توافق‌نامه‌ای که با اجبار امضا شده باشد، نامشروع و فاقد اعتبار است.

An agreement signed under duress is illegitimate and invalid.

'نامشروع' is used alongside 'فاقد اعتبار' (invalid) to describe a coerced agreement.

4

بسیاری از کارشناسان، این نوع سرمایه‌گذاری را نامشروع و پرخطر می‌دانند.

Many experts consider this type of investment illegitimate and risky.

'نامشروع' is used here to express an expert opinion on an investment's legitimacy.

5

مقاله‌ای به بررسی ریشه‌های نامشروع قدرت در جوامع باستانی پرداخت.

An article examined the illegitimate roots of power in ancient societies.

'نامشروع' modifies 'قدرت' (power), discussing its questionable origins.

6

دولت برای مقابله با شرکت‌های نامشروع، قوانین سخت‌گیرانه‌تری وضع کرد.

The government enacted stricter laws to combat illegitimate companies.

'نامشروع' describes 'شرکت‌ها' (companies) in the context of government regulation.

7

این ایده که تنها یک راه برای انجام کارها وجود دارد، نامشروع است.

The idea that there is only one way to do things is illegitimate.

Here, 'نامشروع' is used more abstractly to question the legitimacy of a rigid idea.

8

با وجود انتقادات، او اصرار داشت که فعالیت‌هایش نامشروع نیستند.

Despite criticism, he insisted that his activities were not illegitimate.

This sentence shows a denial of the 'نامشروع' label.

1

تلاش‌های او برای کسب قدرت از طریق سازوکارهای نامشروع، در نهایت ناکام ماند.

His attempts to gain power through illegitimate mechanisms ultimately failed.

'نامشروع' modifies 'سازوکارها' (mechanisms), implying an underhanded or unauthorized approach to power.

2

این پژوهش به تحلیل پیامدهای نامشروع بودن یک حکومت در بلندمدت می‌پردازد.

This research analyzes the long-term consequences of a government's illegitimacy.

'نامشروع بودن' is used as a noun phrase, referring to the state of being illegitimate.

3

در ادبیات کلاسیک، اغلب با شخصیت‌هایی روبرو می‌شویم که اعمالشان در مرز بین مشروع و نامشروع قرار دارد.

In classical literature, we often encounter characters whose actions lie on the border between legitimate and illegitimate.

This sentence uses 'نامشروع' in a literary analysis context, discussing moral ambiguity.

4

فقدان شفافیت در فرآیندهای تصمیم‌گیری، احتمال بروز اقدامات نامشروع را افزایش می‌دهد.

The lack of transparency in decision-making processes increases the likelihood of illegitimate actions.

'نامشروع' modifies 'اقدامات' (actions), linking transparency to legitimacy.

5

او با بهره‌گیری از نفوذ خود، توانست منافع نامشروعی را برای شرکت خود تضمین کند.

By leveraging his influence, he managed to secure illegitimate benefits for his company.

'نامشروع' describes 'منافع' (benefits), implying they were gained unfairly or illegally.

6

تاریخ مملو از نمونه‌هایی است که رهبران با روش‌های نامشروع به قدرت رسیده‌اند.

History is full of examples where leaders have come to power through illegitimate methods.

'نامشروع' modifies 'روش‌ها' (methods), referring to their lack of legitimacy.

7

این تحلیل به بررسی چگونگی مشروعیت‌زدایی از قدرت از طریق ابزارهای نامشروع می‌پردازد.

This analysis examines how power is delegitimized through illegitimate tools.

'نامشروع' modifies 'ابزارها' (tools), referring to means used to undermine legitimacy.

8

قانونگذار تلاش کرد تا با تعریف دقیق، هرگونه تفسیر نامشروع از قانون را مسدود کند.

The legislator tried to block any illegitimate interpretation of the law by defining it precisely.

'نامشروع' modifies 'تفسیر' (interpretation), referring to interpretations that go against the law's intent.

1

تحلیل پدیده‌های سیاسی غالباً مستلزم درک ظرایف تمایز بین مشروعیت قانونی و مشروعیت اخلاقی، و همچنین تشخیص اشکال مختلف مشروعیت‌زدایی و اقدامات نامشروع است.

The analysis of political phenomena often requires understanding the subtleties of distinguishing between legal and moral legitimacy, as well as recognizing various forms of delegitimization and illegitimate actions.

This sentence uses 'نامشروع' in a highly academic and nuanced context, discussing political legitimacy.

2

در حقوق بین‌الملل، وضعیت حقوقی نهادها یا توافق‌نامه‌هایی که از دل درگیری‌های مسلحانه یا اشغال نظامی برخاسته‌اند، همواره محل بحث پیرامون ماهیت نامشروع یا مشروع آنها بوده است.

In international law, the legal status of entities or agreements arising from armed conflicts or military occupation has always been a subject of debate regarding their illegitimate or legitimate nature.

'نامشروع' is used here in the context of international law and the legitimacy of political entities.

3

رمان به شیوه‌ای استادانه، تاروپود روابط انسانی را در بستری که مشروعیت نهادهای اجتماعی فرو ریخته و اعمال نامشروع به هنجار تبدیل شده، به تصویر می‌کشد.

The novel masterfully depicts the fabric of human relationships in a setting where the legitimacy of social institutions has collapsed and illegitimate actions have become the norm.

'نامشروع' is used here to describe actions that have become normalized due to societal breakdown, highlighting a significant shift in norms.

4

پویش‌های اقتصادی که مبتنی بر استثمار گسترده و نادیده گرفتن حقوق اولیه کارگران باشند، فارغ از چارچوب‌های قانونی صوری، در ماهیت خود ماهیتی نامشروع و پایدارناپذیر دارند.

Economic endeavors based on widespread exploitation and disregard for basic workers' rights, regardless of formal legal frameworks, possess an inherently illegitimate and unsustainable nature.

'نامشروع' here speaks to the fundamental illegitimacy of economic practices, even if they technically comply with some laws.

5

هرچند این اقدام ممکن است در ظاهر قانونی به نظر برسد، اما با توجه به پیشینه و انگیزه‌های پنهان، می‌توان آن را در زمره اقدامات نامشروع طبقه‌بندی کرد.

Although this action may appear legal on the surface, considering its background and hidden motives, it can be classified among illegitimate actions.

'نامشروع' is used to denote actions that are deceptively legal but fundamentally illegitimate due to intent or context.

6

این پژوهش به بررسی چگونگی تکامل مفهوم مشروعیت از دیدگاه‌های فلسفی و حقوقی، و تمایز آن از مفهوم نامشروع بودن در بستر تحولات اجتماعی می‌پردازد.

This research examines how the concept of legitimacy evolves from philosophical and legal perspectives, and its distinction from the concept of illegitimacy within the context of social transformations.

'نامشروع' is contrasted with 'مشروعیت' (legitimacy) in a deep philosophical and legal discussion.

7

در نظام‌های اقتدارگرا، اغلب تلاش می‌شود تا با ایجاد روایت‌های تاریخی جایگزین، هرگونه مخالفت یا جنبش اعتراضی را به عنوان امری نامشروع جلوه داد.

In authoritarian regimes, efforts are often made to portray any opposition or protest movement as illegitimate by creating alternative historical narratives.

'نامشروع' is used to describe how dissent is delegitimized by authoritarian powers.

8

تحلیل انتقادی ایدئولوژی‌ها مستلزم شناسایی آن دسته از گزاره‌هایی است که، هرچند در ظاهر منطقی به نظر می‌رسند، اما در باطن بنیان‌های نامشروعی را بنا نهاده‌اند.

Critical analysis of ideologies requires identifying those propositions that, although seemingly logical on the surface, are fundamentally based on illegitimate foundations.

'نامشروع' modifies 'بنیان‌ها' (foundations), referring to the underlying illegitimate basis of certain ideologies.

تلازمات شائعة

فعالیت نامشروع
معامله نامشروع
کودتای نامشروع
درآمد نامشروع
قدرت نامشروع
اقدام نامشروع
فرزند نامشروع
شرکت نامشروع
روش نامشروع
تفسیر نامشروع

العبارات الشائعة

به طور نامشروع

— Illegitimately; in an unlawful manner.

آنها به طور نامشروع به قدرت رسیدند.

نامشروع تلقی شدن

— To be considered illegitimate or unlawful.

این قرارداد به دلیل نقص، نامشروع تلقی شد.

اقدامات نامشروع

— Illegitimate or unlawful actions.

پلیس با اقدامات نامشروع برخورد می‌کند.

منبع نامشروع

— An illegitimate source.

این اطلاعات از یک منبع نامشروع به دست آمده است.

کسب نامشروع

— Illegitimate gain or acquisition.

او از طریق کسب نامشروع ثروتمند شد.

وضعیت نامشروع

— Illegitimate status.

وضعیت مهاجران غیرقانونی نامشروع است.

تلاش نامشروع

— Illegitimate attempt.

تلاش نامشروع برای تضعیف دولت.

روابط نامشروع

— Illegitimate relationships (often implies extramarital affairs, but can also mean generally improper relationships).

در برخی جوامع، روابط نامشروع پذیرفته نیست.

نفوذ نامشروع

— Illegitimate influence.

او از نفوذ نامشروع برای پیشبرد منافع خود استفاده کرد.

تصرف نامشروع

— Illegitimate occupation or seizure.

تصرف نامشروع زمین‌های دولتی.

يُخلط عادةً مع

نامشروع vs غیرقانونی (gheyr-e-qânûnî)

نامشروع implies a broader lack of legitimacy beyond just breaking a specific law. 'غیرقانونی' is strictly about violating laws.

نامشروع vs غیراخلاقی (gheyr-e-akhlâqî)

'غیراخلاقی' refers to moral wrongness, while نامشروع refers to illegality or lack of authorization.

نامشروع vs حرام (ḥarâm)

'حرام' is related to religious prohibition, whereas نامشروع is primarily related to secular law and legitimacy.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"دست نامشروع"

— Literally 'illegitimate hand,' this idiom refers to a hidden, often corrupt or manipulative influence that is working behind the scenes to achieve an illegitimate goal.

به نظر می‌رسد یک دست نامشروع در این پرونده دخالت دارد.

Formal/Informal
"راه نامشروع"

— An illegitimate way or method to achieve something, often implying unethical or illegal means.

او هرگز حاضر نبود از راه نامشروع به موفقیت برسد.

Formal/Informal
"بازی نامشروع"

— An illegitimate or rigged game/scheme; a situation where rules are bent or broken for unfair advantage.

این یک بازی نامشروع است و نباید در آن شرکت کرد.

Informal/Formal
"بذر نامشروع"

— Literally 'illegitimate seed,' this idiom refers to the origin of something that is inherently flawed, wrong, or destined for failure due to its illegitimate beginnings.

این ایده بذر نامشروعی داشت و محکوم به شکست بود.

Figurative/Formal
"تخم نامشروع"

— Similar to 'بذر نامشروع,' meaning 'illegitimate offspring' or, metaphorically, something that is born out of an improper or unlawful union, leading to negative consequences.

این قانون، تخم نامشروعی از بی‌عدالتی است.

Figurative/Formal
"شیر نامشروع"

— Literally 'illegitimate milk,' this idiom refers to sustenance or benefit derived from an illegitimate or unlawful source. It implies that what one gains is tainted.

او از شیر نامشروع تغذیه کرده بود و همیشه احساس ناخوشایندی داشت.

Figurative/Formal
"مال نامشروع"

— Illegitimate wealth or property; money or assets obtained through illegal or unethical means.

هیچ‌کس نمی‌تواند از مال نامشروع لذت واقعی ببرد.

Formal
"نطفه نامشروع"

— Literally 'illegitimate embryo,' this idiom refers to the very beginning or conception of something that is fundamentally wrong, flawed, or destined for failure due to its improper origin.

این طرح از نطفه نامشروع بود و هیچ شانسی برای موفقیت نداشت.

Figurative/Formal
"قانون نامشروع"

— An illegitimate law; a law that is perceived as unjust, unauthorized, or improperly enacted.

مردم علیه قانون نامشروع اعتراض کردند.

Formal
"حکومت نامشروع"

— An illegitimate government; a regime that has come to power or rules without proper legal or popular consent.

جنگ داخلی زمانی آغاز شد که حکومت نامشروع اعلام شد.

Formal

سهل الخلط

نامشروع vs غیرقانونی

Both words relate to actions that are not permitted or are wrong.

<strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> signifies a lack of legitimacy or authorization, which can be broader than just breaking a specific law. 'غیرقانونی' specifically means 'illegal' and refers to actions that directly contravene statutes.

یک معامله می‌تواند <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> باشد (مثلاً چون بر اساس فریب است) حتی اگر تمام جزئیات قانونی آن رعایت شده باشد. اما اگر کسی بدون گواهینامه رانندگی کند، عملش <strong class='font-semibold'>غیرقانونی</strong> است.

نامشروع vs باطل

Both can describe something that is invalid or not recognized.

<strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> describes the nature of something as illegitimate or unauthorized. 'باطل' means 'void' or 'null' and is often the legal consequence of something being <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong>. For example, a <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> contract might be declared <strong class='font-semibold'>باطل</strong>.

قراردادی که با اجبار امضا شده باشد، <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> است و توسط دادگاه <strong class='font-semibold'>باطل</strong> اعلام می‌شود.

نامشروع vs غیراخلاقی

Many illegitimate actions are also unethical.

<strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> relates to legality and authorization. 'غیراخلاقی' relates to moral principles. An action can be <strong class='font-semibold'>غیراخلاقی</strong> without being strictly <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> (e.g., breaking a minor promise), and vice versa (e.g., certain tax loopholes might be legal but considered <strong class='font-semibold'>غیراخلاقی</strong> by some).

دروغ گفتن <strong class='font-semibold'>غیراخلاقی</strong> است، اما همیشه <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> (غیرقانونی) نیست. اما اختلاس قطعاً هم <strong class='font-semibold'>غیراخلاقی</strong> است و هم <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong>.

نامشروع vs نامعتبر

Both suggest a lack of recognition or validity.

<strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> specifically points to illegitimacy or lack of authorization. 'نامعتبر' means 'invalid' and can apply to things that are simply not recognized or have expired, not necessarily due to illegality. For example, an expired passport is 'نامعتبر' but not necessarily <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong>.

این گواهینامه رانندگی پس از انقضا <strong class='font-semibold'>نامعتبر</strong> شد، اما رانندگی با آن در ابتدا <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> نبود.

نامشروع vs ممنوع

Both indicate something that is not allowed.

'ممنوع' simply means 'forbidden' or 'prohibited.' <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> implies a stronger sense of illegality, lack of authorization, or fundamental lack of legitimacy. Something can be <strong class='font-semibold'>ممنوع</strong> for safety reasons without being <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong>.

شنا در این منطقه <strong class='font-semibold'>ممنوع</strong> است (به دلیل خطر). اما ساختن یک ساختمان بدون مجوز، <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> است.

أنماط الجُمل

B1

Subject + نامشروع + است/بود.

این اقدام نامشروع است.

B1

Noun + نامشروع

یک قرارداد نامشروع.

B1

به طور + نامشروع

آنها به طور نامشروع عمل کردند.

B2

Subject + فعل + Object + نامشروع

پلیس فعالیت‌های نامشروع را متوقف کرد.

B2

Subject + نامشروع + تلقی شدن/شناخته شدن

این شرکت نامشروع تلقی شد.

C1

تحلیل + [موضوع] + نامشروع

تحلیل پیامدهای نامشروع بودن یک حکومت.

C1

مرز بین + مشروع + و + نامشروع

درک مرز بین مشروع و نامشروع.

C2

اشکال مختلف + نامشروع بودن

بررسی اشکال مختلف نامشروع بودن قدرت.

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

نامشروعیت (nâm-e-mashrû'iyat) - illegitimacy, unlawfulness

الصفات

نامشروع (nâm-e-mashrû') - illegitimate, unlawful

مرتبط

مشروع (mashrû') - legitimate, lawful
قانون (qânûn) - law
غیرقانونی (gheyr-e-qânûnî) - illegal
مجاز (majâz) - permitted, authorized
باطل (bâṭel) - void, null
سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Medium (in formal contexts), Low (in general conversation)

أخطاء شائعة
  • Using <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> for things that are merely inconvenient or disliked. → Use words like 'مشکل' (problem), 'ناخوشایند' (unpleasant), or 'نامطلوب' (undesirable) instead.

    <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> specifically means lacking legal authorization or legitimacy. It's a serious term that shouldn't be used for everyday annoyances. For example, a delayed train is inconvenient, not <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong>.

  • Confusing <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> with 'غیراخلاقی' (unethical) or 'حرام' (religiously forbidden). → Use <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> for legal/authorization issues, 'غیراخلاقی' for moral issues, and 'حرام' for religious prohibitions.

    While there can be overlap, <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> is about legality and legitimacy. 'غیراخلاقی' is about moral principles, and 'حرام' is about religious law. For instance, insider trading is <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> and <strong class='font-semibold'>غیراخلاقی</strong>, but eating pork is <strong class='font-semibold'>حرام</strong> (for Muslims) and not necessarily <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> in a legal sense.

  • Using 'فرزند نامشروع' (illegitimate child) casually. → Avoid this phrase in most contexts. Use more sensitive language or focus on the legal status of parents if necessary.

    This phrase is considered highly insensitive and offensive in contemporary Persian. While it exists as a literal translation, its use is strongly discouraged in social and even many formal settings due to its stigmatizing nature.

  • Applying <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> to abstract concepts without clear grounds for illegitimacy. → Ensure there is a clear basis for calling something 'نامشروع,' such as a violation of law, lack of official permission, or absence of recognized authority.

    <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> is a precise term. Applying it loosely to any idea one disagrees with can dilute its meaning and lead to miscommunication. The concept of illegitimacy must be grounded in a recognizable framework of law or authority.

  • Using <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> in informal slang or casual conversation. → Reserve <strong class='font-semibold'>نامشروع</strong> for formal, legal, or serious discussions where its specific meaning is required.

    The word carries a formal weight and a serious connotation. Using it in casual settings can sound awkward, pretentious, or even inappropriately accusatory. Stick to more common vocabulary for everyday interactions.

نصائح

Stress the Final Syllable

Remember that the stress in نامشروع falls on the last syllable: na-me-SHROO'. Practicing this stress pattern will significantly improve your pronunciation and make the word sound more natural.

Etymological Link

Connect the meaning to its roots: 'نام' (name) + 'مشروع' (lawful). If a 'name' or status isn't 'lawful,' it's نامشروع. This mnemonic helps recall the core concept of lacking legitimate standing.

Adjective Placement

As an adjective, نامشروع typically follows the noun it modifies (e.g., 'اقدام نامشروع' - illegitimate action) or comes after linking verbs like 'است' (is) or 'بود' (was).

Sensitivity Matters

Be aware that نامشروع can be a sensitive term, especially when applied to people. Exercise caution and opt for more neutral language in personal or social contexts, reserving its use for formal and objective discussions.

Compare and Contrast

To fully grasp نامشروع, compare it with similar words like 'غیرقانونی' (illegal) and 'غیراخلاقی' (unethical). Understanding their distinctions will help you choose the most precise term for any given situation.

Sentence Building

Actively try to construct sentences using نامشروع in various contexts – legal, financial, political. This active recall and application is crucial for solidifying its meaning and usage.

Antonym Recognition

Learning the antonyms, 'مشروع' (legitimate) and 'قانونی' (legal), is equally important. Knowing the opposite helps reinforce the precise meaning of نامشروع.

Formal Settings

This word is a staple in formal and legal registers. Familiarize yourself with its use in official documents, court proceedings, and academic papers to understand its proper application.

Visual Anchors

Create visual associations, like a document with a red 'X' or a courtroom scene, to link the abstract concept of illegitimacy with the word نامشروع.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Imagine a 'Name' (نام) that is 'Un-lawful' (مشروع). If something has an 'unlawful name,' it means it's not properly recognized or is illegitimate. Think of a company trying to use a fake name to do illegal business – its name is نامشروع.

ربط بصري

Picture a courtroom scene where a judge is striking a gavel, signifying a legal decision. Next to the judge, there's a document with a large red 'X' over it, symbolizing that the contents are illegitimate or unlawful. The 'X' represents the 'un-' part of 'unlawful' (مشروع), and the document represents the 'name' or 'status' (نام) that is being invalidated.

Word Web

Illegitimate Unlawful Unauthorized Illegal Not sanctioned Invalid Void Improper

تحدٍّ

Try to create three sentences using نامشروع to describe different scenarios: one related to business, one to a personal action, and one to a governmental issue. Ensure each sentence clearly conveys the sense of illegality or lack of authorization.

أصل الكلمة

The word نامشروع is derived from Arabic roots. It is composed of the Persian word 'نام' (nâm), meaning 'name' or 'reputation,' and the Arabic adjective 'مشروع' (mashrû'), meaning 'legitimate,' 'lawful,' or 'sanctioned by religious law.' In Persian usage, it specifically refers to something lacking legal or general legitimacy.

المعنى الأصلي: Literally, 'having an illegitimate name' or 'lacking a proper or lawful standing.'

Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian > Western Iranian > Persian

السياق الثقافي

The term نامشروع can be highly sensitive, particularly when used to describe individuals or relationships. The phrase 'فرزند نامشروع' (illegitimate child) is considered outdated and offensive by many, and more neutral or respectful language is preferred in modern discourse. Therefore, learners should exercise extreme caution when using this word in personal or social contexts, and prioritize understanding its application in formal and legal settings.

In English, 'illegitimate' and 'unlawful' are close equivalents. 'Illegitimate' can carry connotations of social unacceptability, especially when referring to birth, whereas 'unlawful' is more strictly about breaking the law. نامشروع in Persian bridges these meanings, often implying both a lack of legal standing and a deviation from accepted norms.

Historical accounts of coups d'état or disputed successions often describe the resulting regimes as نامشروع. Legal dramas or news reports discussing fraud, corruption, or unauthorized activities frequently employ this term. Discussions on ethical business practices might contrast نامشروع dealings with fair and legal ones.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Legal Proceedings

  • حکم نامشروع
  • قرارداد نامشروع
  • عملیات نامشروع

News Reporting on Crime or Corruption

  • فعالیت نامشروع
  • درآمد نامشروع
  • شبکه نامشروع

Business and Finance Regulation

  • شرکت نامشروع
  • معامله نامشروع
  • سرمایه‌گذاری نامشروع

Political Analysis

  • حکومت نامشروع
  • قدرت نامشروع
  • کودتای نامشروع

Discussions on Ethics and Morality (Formal)

  • روش نامشروع
  • رفتار نامشروع
  • منبع نامشروع

بدايات محادثة

"What are some common examples of 'نامشروع' activities in our society?"

"How does the concept of 'نامشروع' differ from 'illegal' in legal terms?"

"Can you think of a historical event where a leader was considered 'نامشروع'?"

"What are the consequences for individuals or entities engaging in 'نامشروع' practices?"

"How can one distinguish between a 'نامشروع' action and a simply unpopular or controversial one?"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Reflect on a time you encountered something you felt was 'نامشروع' (illegitimate or unlawful). Describe the situation and your feelings.

Write a short story where a character must choose between a 'نامشروع' shortcut and a lawful, albeit difficult, path.

Imagine you are a journalist reporting on a case involving 'نامشروع' business dealings. What details would you focus on?

Discuss the importance of legitimacy ('مشروعیت') in maintaining social order and how its absence ('نامشروع' status) can lead to problems.

Consider the ethical implications of using the term 'نامشروع' when referring to people versus actions or entities.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

The word نامشروع is composed of 'نام' (nâm), meaning 'name' or 'reputation,' and 'مشروع' (mashrû'), meaning 'lawful' or 'legitimate.' Literally, it suggests something that has an 'unlawful name' or lacks proper standing, implying illegitimacy.

While نامشروع strongly implies illegality, it can also refer to a broader lack of legitimacy or authorization, even if a specific law isn't directly broken. It signifies something not sanctioned by proper authority or norms.

It is generally not used in casual, everyday conversation due to its formal and serious nature. You are more likely to encounter it in news reports, legal discussions, or formal analyses. Using it informally might sound overly dramatic or accusatory.

'Illegal' (غیرقانونی) specifically refers to actions that violate established laws. نامشروع is broader and includes actions that lack legal authorization or legitimacy, even if they don't directly break a specific statute. Something نامشروع is always against the law or proper order, but 'illegal' strictly means against the law.

The phrase 'فرزند نامشروع' is a direct translation but is considered outdated, insensitive, and often offensive in modern Persian. It is generally avoided in polite or formal conversation. More neutral or empathetic language is preferred when discussing such matters.

It is frequently used in legal contexts (e.g., illegitimate contracts, illegitimate actions), in news reporting about crime and corruption, in political analysis (e.g., illegitimate regimes), and in formal discussions about business regulations and ethics.

While many نامشروع actions are also morally wrong, the term itself primarily focuses on illegality or lack of authorization. For purely moral judgments, words like 'غیراخلاقی' (unethical) are more appropriate. However, in some contexts, نامشروع can imply a breach of accepted norms which might include moral ones.

The direct opposites are 'مشروع' (mashrû' - legitimate, lawful) and 'قانونی' (qânûnî - legal).

The etymology, combining 'name' (نام) with 'lawful' (مشروع), highlights that something is نامشروع if its 'name' or status is not lawful or legitimate. It emphasizes the importance of proper recognition and legal standing.

Idioms like 'hidden hand' (دست نامشروع) or 'rigged game' (بازی نامشروع) convey similar ideas of covert manipulation or unfair practices. Phrases like 'born out of wedlock' are literal translations for 'فرزند نامشروع,' but the Persian idiom 'تخم نامشروع' or 'بذر نامشروع' can be used metaphorically for any flawed origin.

سجّل مجاناً للنصائح والملاحظات

اختبر نفسك 3 أسئلة

/ 3 correct

Perfect score!

سجّل مجاناً للتدريب

محتوى ذو صلة

هل كان هذا مفيداً؟

التعليقات (0)

تسجيل الدخول للتعليق
لا توجد تعليقات بعد. كن أول من يشارك أفكاره!